desain thinking

1. Smart City Dewanto Rosian Adhy

2. Dewanto Rosian Adhy
• SMA Negeri 1 Surakarta
• ST dan MT di Control Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung
PhD Candidate di Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka
• Research Interests : Internet of Things dan Artificial Intelligence
• Professional Member : ACM, APTIKOM, APDALI dan IAII
• Industrial IT Certifications: ICT Project, CCNA, dll
• Posisi dan Pekerjaan
1. Direktur Politeknik Bisnis Mayasari
2. Plt Ketua Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi YBS Internasional
3. Ketua TUK Buana-LSP Informatika
4. Direktur ASA Coaching Center Priangan Timur.
5. Co-Founder DETARA, Duulan.id, Meniti.id
6. Freelancer Consultant (PT Inacon Luhur Pertiwi Jakarta, PT Buana Disain Adicipta Tasikmalaya,
PT Safta Ferti Bandung, PT Trikarsa Aksi Mandiri Bandung, PT Logika Eklektik Indonesia
Jogjakarta, PT Citra Jelajah Informatika)
7. Peneliti di PPTIK ITB, Research Partner Universitas Esa Unggul

4. Kerangka Pikir Smart City
Data Collection
Network and Communication
Data Storage
BI

5. What Do Sigfox Provide?
CONFIDENTIAL 5

6. 6
Sigfox Application in Post-Pandemic Era

7. Pallet tracker:
Tracking logistics
pallet movement
Forklift tracker:
Tracking logistics
forklifts movement &
productivity
Room Temp.
& Humidity
monitoring
Door & Access
monitoring Vehicle tracker:
Tracking logistics
vehicle movement &
productivity
Package
Delivery
Tagging
Use Case Scenario
(Logistic Warehouse & Distribution Management)

8. Use Case Scenario
(Man Less Distribution Handling System)

9. Industrial door monitoring
by IOTA (PL)
LIVE
The device has 4 variations:
“magnetic” or “mechanical”
sensors for indoor or outdoor
locations.
A message is sent at each
open/close event.
A weekly ‘awake’ message is
also sent to ensure the device
is always functioning and to
monitor battery status
Problem solved
Benefits
Device
Triggers an alert when a
door is left open or has
been opened
• Increase safety for areas that
are not supposed to be
accessible to the public (e.g.
suicides on high rise buildings)
• Increase security for areas that
are not supposed to be
accessible (e.g. server rooms
or theft in storage spaces)
• Optimize cleaning processes
(based on frequency of usage)
9

10. Intrusion detection
by ATF Services (AUS)
The security solution detects
intrusion through an IR sensor,
sound sensor or accelerometer
sensor.
The alarm sends a notification to a
smartphone application in addition
to a warning light and siren
A regular hourly heartbeat is
transmitted to ensure that the
device is always functional.
Challenges
Benefits
Solution
Securing assets at
locations without power
and or services
• Basic security is now
AFFORDABLE (compared to a
security camera at 800€/month)
• Avoids interruption of service
due to theft
• Secures expensive assets
• Instant and self set-up
• Works indoors & outdoors
Device
IR sensor, sound and
movement

11. • Ensure that the heating
contracts are respected
between the heat producer
and the customer (social
landlords, building
management companies).
• The humidity is monitored to
ensure that the air is pure
and the ventilation is
properly done
Temperature & humidity monitoring
by Connected Inventions (FIN)
The measured temperature,
humidity parameters can be
locally stored, concatenated
and compressed. The sensor
has the following alarm
capabilities:
• ON/OFF
• Low battery voltage
• Min & Max temperature
• Min & Max humidity
• Anti-tamper (against
opening and detachment)
Alarm is transmitted
immediately if a threshold value
is reached.
Problems solved
Benefits
Device
Detect a change of temperature or
humidity beyond a set threshold.
Monitoring of temperature and humidity.
11

12. Package Delivery Tagging
By Unabell
12
Customer: Unabiz Solutions
Challenge: Allow customers to send alert & sigfox estimated geolocation
as per event
Connected
Solution:
The smart button notifies the mail man to mark its closing
transaction / event
Customer
Benefits:
Improved effectivity & productivity of the mailman
Increase the customer satisfaction level
Differentiation vs competitors
Why
Sigfox?
Excellent triangular sigfox geolocation
Nationwide & global coverage
Low cost
Long battery life

13. Challenge
Solution Benefits
connected delivery boxes
This solution allows replacing of
costly and resource-consuming las-
mile delivery of parcels (e.g. re-
delivery when recipient
unavailable). The consignee is
informed about parcel delivery and
box number and PIN lock code via
Email or LINE chat by the shipper
(e-shop, etc.).
Sigfox device sends the box
open/close and “load” status,
allowing remote management of
parcel delivery and collection. One
Sigfox transceiver can be
connected to and manage up to 12
boxes in parallel.
Solve last-mile delivery challenges with connected delivery
boxes, moving from “door to door” to “box to box” delivery
model
Public
• Decrease in the delivery costs
and simplification of last-mile
delivery process
• Optimization of box usage rate
via remote monitoring
• The solution can be used also by
individuals to ship goods
• No power supply needed (Use of
battery, 4-years life)
• low-cost solution with same
Sigfox device allowing to
manage up to 12 boxes

18. Design Thinking: Building a
SMART NATION
How being user centered helps
to build better digital solutions

19. 2008
MOM Service centre

20. People have different needs.
Why treat everyone the same?
Is EFFICIENCY the best measure of
a good EXPERIENCE?
What do our ‘customers’ really
want out of a transaction with
government agency?

21. 2009 MOM Employment Pass Service Centre
Self helpkiosks RoundedCounters
Podsfor familieswithyoungchildren Comfortablewaitingareawtouristinfo

22. One size fits all / everyone
Treat everyone the same
Focus on Efficiency
Design for different users
Meet different needs
Focus on Experiences

23. First,
What is Design
thinking?

24. approach to innovation that draws
from the designer’s toolkit
- Tim Brown, IDEO
“
Design thinking is a human-centered

25. Design Thinking
by Stanford d.School & IDEO

26. EMPATHY

27. realised that I had been viewing a
low-income experience through
my own middle-income lens. I
thought back at the cases I
- CDC social welfare officer
encountered, and was humbled.”
“
As I went through the interviews, I

28. How do we generate empathy?
● Spending time with people (‘target users’)
● Immersing into their environment
● Experiencing it for ourselves

30. Design Research:
Aka. ethnographic research /Field work
● 1
:
1user interviews (chats +activities)
● Observations (‘fly on the wall’)
● *
Small Focus Groups (avoid groupthink)
● *
Surveys (use it as an additional tool)

31. User Interviews

32. Empathy Map

33. Why make
*home/site
visits?
*wherever is the person’s “natural environment”
that’s related to what you’re researching, e.g.
Their home, place of work,where they go gym or
shopping, etc.
Observations

34. What people SAY vs.
What they actually DO
Supermarket
At home

35. POEMS
to capture what you observe:
● People (who’s there, what are people doing)
● Objects (Eqpt, devices, interface, layout)
● Environment (use your 5 senses)
● Messages (signage, info,comms, tone, ‘noise’)
● Services (what’s offered, what’s missing)

36. Looking to learn,
Being curious about . . .
● Actors and T
ouchpoints (Who & What)
● Sequence of events & interactions
● Hacks & Workaround vs Common mistakes
● Challenges & Difficulties
● Frequent mistakes & errors
● Frustrations & Emotions
● Motivators & Demotivators
● Pain points!
● Opportunities for improvement & design

37. DEFINE

38. From field research
1
:
1interviews,
observations
Take a lot of pictures
to capture
● People
● Objects
● Environment
● Messages
● Services

39. User JourneyMaps:Highs,Lows&PainPoints
https://www.thinkwithgoogle.com/consumer-insights/consumer-journey/customer-journey-mapping/

40. ServiceDesignBlueprints

41. S.P.I.C.E
Social needs
Physical needs
Identity needs (values, morals, self-image)
Cognitive needs (info /communication)
Emotional needs

42. Identifying the right problem to
tackle is actually the key to effective
problem solving & getting really
creative and innovative ideas

43. https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/design-thinking-new-innovative-thinking-for-new-problems
https://hbr.org/2012/09/are-you-solving-the-right-problem
https://executiveeducation.wharton.upenn.edu/thought-leadership/wharton-at-work/2015/06/identify-the-real-problem/
https://strategyu.co/mckinsey-structured-problem-solving-secrets/
“I f I had to solve
a problem, I
would spend 55
minutes
thinking about
the problem and
5 minutes
thinking about
solutions”

44. Good Design =meeting needs
within constraints & context
What is
profitable or
sustainable as
a business?
What is
desirable to
users?
What is
possible with
technology?

45. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/05/19/help-desk-india_n_5353948.html?&ir=Education&ncid=tweetlnkushpmg00000023
Good Design =Problem Solving
Picking the right problem to tackle is half the challenge

46. IDEATE

47. What a waste of sticky notes!

48. Method behind the chaos

49. Imagine a brainstorming task to
redesign a toothbrush
How many ideas should we aim for?

50. 20-50 sketches! Hard work to be creative

51. https://i.pinimg.com/736x/41/ed/9f/41ed9f4d2d645a86aad4ccfecc709cc4.jpg
The originator of SCAMPER, isattributed to Alex
Faickney Osborn (1953) . Bob Eberle further
developed it in his book; SCAMPER: Games for
Imagination Development (1971)
https://blog.scientix.eu/2021/03/using-scamper-thinking-te
chnique-in-stem-activities/
https://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newCT_02.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCAMPER
How to brainstorm more effectively?
Use S.C.A.M.P.E.R

52. https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/learn-how-to-use-the-best-ideation-methods-scamper
https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/article/introduction-to-the-essential-ideation-techniques-which-are-the-heart-of-design-thinking
● Substitute
● Combine
● Adapt
● Modify
● Put to
another use
● Eliminate
● Reverse

53. PROTOTYPE
& TEST

54. How we
designed it
What
people
actually
want
Why prototype & test?

55. “We thought our ideas were going to
work untilwe shared with the citizens.
Sharing it in such low resolution was
actually ok. In fact, this is such a critical
step yetwe do not do that.
All ideas sound good till you test them

56. Storyboard Paper Mock-up 3D Model
Service Role Play Wireframe Fake ‘Ad’ or Post
Many ways to make an idea come to life

57. Don’t talk about your idea, Show your idea

58. Even better than showing, is experiencing!
Give a demonstration and get feedback from test users.
But in prototyping, the goal is to learn early, learn from failure
Fail Fast, Fail Safe… Succeed Sooner
“Quick & Dirty” but believable
Image from: https://magazine.startus.cc/design-thinking-prototypes-to-roleplay/

59. Second,
How to apply DT in
public service?

60. How adopting a citizen-centric lens has
helped us design better digital services
& focussed our digital transformation efforts

61. “The problem with the designs of
most engineers is that they are
too logical. We have to accept
human behavior the way it is, not
the way we would wish it to be.”
— Donald A. Norman, The Design of Everyday Things

62. How we apply it at Govtech & other agencies

63. How did being human-centered
help focus the project?

64. Typically government services are:
Organized for Efficiency
Services were designed around the agencies
in charge of issues
As a citizen… Logic was not obvious. Not easy
to remember who to contact. People wanted
to report issues, not report to agencies.

65. No more confusion.
Not being redirected
Seamless intuitive experience
Convenient.
Give feedback easily using mobile phone
Shifting to a user-centric lens
What will people value and want to experience?

66. Key stages (user flow)
See issue Open app Select issue
Select
sub-topic
Give location
Submit photo
Take photo
Provide extra
details
Receive
Update (a few
days later)

67. How do residents understand and mentally
map services & issues?
What is the easy and intuitive way to
categorize the issues and complaints?
What labels should we use? What icons to
use to help identify services (esp.For
non-native english readers)

69. From having to remember
which agency was responsible
for what issues...
To convenience of using a
mobile phone and choosing
from a simple visual interface

70. BackStage
Org&Peoplelevel
● Starting with a temporary office & skeleton crew
● Creating new job descriptions & logo
● Growing the team - Posting & Seconding of Staff
● Finding and relocating to a new physical office
● Many many meetings to discuss policies & rules
● Change management & new culture
Lessthan12months:fromResearch to wireframedesign
App&Techdevpt
2+yearsjourney ...
Behind the scenes ...

72. Getting Started?
Where to begin?

73. Multidisciplinary Team
Designers
Software
engineers
Project
Managers
Researchers
Public
Officers
T
eam leaders
Subject matter experts
Champion / project sponsor
Bosses&
Champions

74. UK government's design principles
https://oecd-opsi.org/toolkits/government-digital-service-design-principles/
1. Start with user needs
2. Do less
3. Design with data
4. Do the hard work to make it simple
5. Iterate. Then iterate again
6. This is for everyone
7. Understand context
8. Build digital services, not websites
9. Be consistent, not uniform
10. Make things open: it makes things better

75. Design Sprints
https://www.gv.com/sprint/
https://www.thesprintbook.com/the-design-sprint
https://uxplanet.org/whats-a-design-sprint-and-why
-is-it-important-f7b826651e09
https://design-sprint.com/prepare-design-sprint/

76. User centered design in digital solutions
https://www.interaction-design.org/literature/topics/user-centered-design
https://uxdesign.cc/human-centered-design-in-digital-transformation-bbb49e4b6ba7
https://www.experienceux.co.uk/faqs/what-is-user-centred-design/
https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/mckinsey-digital/our-insights/why-digital-strategies-fail
https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/strategy-and-corporate-finance/our-insights/raising-your-digital-
quotient

77. For Inspiration
https://www.mightycitizen.com/insights/articles/the-best-government-websites-weve-seen-in-2021
https://vulcanpost.com/733159/government-apps-you-should-install-in-your-phone-singapore/
https://fitsmallbusiness.com/best-government-website-designs/
https://govinsider.asia/smart-gov/why-britain-banned-mobile-apps/
Apps are “very expensive to produce, and they’re very very
expensive to maintain because you have to keep updating
them when there are software changes,
”
Responsivewebsites. Such sites can adapt to any screen size,
work on all devices, and are open to everyone to use
regardless of their device. …(they are)much cheaper to
maintain, he adds, because when an upgrade is required, only
one platform needs recoding.

78. https://sharpen.design/ https://protobot.org/#en
Getting started… Besides books, training, online courses…
Creativity, Design, Problem solving, all muscles that need to be trained
Practice, Practice, Practice!

79. Thank you
Google sheet with links to more
design thinking resources
Link to more resources

80. End !