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International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research
76
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research
ISSN: 2455-2070; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22
www.socialresearchjournals.com
Volume 2; Issue 8; August 2016; Page No. 76-79
Higher secondary school student’s perception towards scribblar for learning mathematics
Deivam M
Ph.D Scholar, Dept. of Education, Gandhigram Rural Institute – Deemed University, Gandhigram, Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
Mathematics occupies an essential place in the school curriculum. It has been its significant part ever since the beginning of formal
education and it continues to be so. Scribblar is innovative online tool for mathematics teaching. Variables: Higher Secondary
School Students as dependent variable and mathematics teaching using Scribblar as independent variable. Objectives: To give
demo class to higher secondary school students about Scribblar for mathematics teaching; To find out the higher secondary school
students perception towards Scribblar for mathematics teaching. Survey Method is used for gathering of the data regarding current
conditions. The investigator wanted to collect the perception towards scribblar from Higher Secondary School Students. Samples
were selected using purposive sampling technique (those who are chosen mathematics as main or optional subject). The
investigator constructed, structured and validated five point scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree). The scale consists of 21
statements, all are positive question there is no negative statements about scribblar. Finding of the study revealed that, all the
students have positive perception towards scribblar for Learning Mathematics.
Keywords: scribblar, learning mathematics, Higher secondary school student’s
Introduction
Scribblar is web 2.0 online tool and real time multi-user
whiteboard which can be used for revising artwork and
images. The tool can also be used for creative brainstorming
and planning of projects regardless of distance. Scribblar offer
the possibilities to upload and download image, text, chat, and
live audio collaboration. The tool is also used by teachers and
learning facilities. With Scribblar pro you are allowed to add
you own logo and branding. Guests are allowed to join rooms
and sessions without subscribing.
The term ‘virtual learning environment’ (VLE) refers to the
components in which learners and tutors participate in online
interactions of several kinds, comprising online learning (Hall,
I. & Higgins, S, 2005) [10]
. A virtual learning environment
(VLE) is a set of teaching and learning tools designed to
enhance a student's learning experience by including
computers and the Internet in the learning process. The
principal components of a VLE package include curriculum
mapping, student tracking, online support for both teacher and
student, electronic communication (e-mail, threaded
discussions, chat, Web publishing), and Internet links to
outside curriculum resources. E-learning refers to the use of
electronic media and information and communication
technologies (ICT) in education. E-learning is widely
enclosure of all kinds of educational technology in learning
and teaching. E-learning is enclosure of, and is widely
synonymous with technology-enhanced learning (TEL),
computer-based training (CBT), multimedia learning,
computer-assisted instruction, computer-based instruction
(CBI) or internet based training (IBT), web-based training
(WBT), online education, computer-aided instruction (CAI),
virtual education, m-learning, virtual learning environments
(VLE) (which are also called learning platforms), and digital
educational collaboration.
Need and Significance
Every individual has the ability to learn. Every individual is
different but they can all learn. Not all individuals learn in the
same way and it should, therefore, be taught in different ways.
Universally, Mathematics is taught as one of the subjects in
Schools, Colleges and Universities. Mathematics is considered
as the queen of all Sciences (Latham, P, 2002) [16]
. It is an
essential subject taught to the students to develop the skills of
reasoning, logical thinking and problem solving. Majority of
the pupils feel that Mathematics is a difficult subject and it can
be understood and followed only by intelligent students. Those
who fail in the subject develop hatred towards it. At present
majority of the Mathematics teachers follow traditional
methods of instruction and learners tend to be passive
listeners. Due to revaluation of technology, teacher may use
innovative online tool for mathematics teaching (Kent P,
2006) [15]
. Hence, Scribblar is effective innovative online tool
for teaching.
Variables
Higher Secondary School Students as dependent variable and
mathematics teaching using Scribblar as independent variable.
Objectives
 To give demo class to higher secondary school students
about Scribblar for Learning Mathematics.
 To find out the higher secondary school students
perception towards Scribblar for learning mathematics.
Hypothesis
Whether higher secondary school students have positive or
negative perception towards Scribblar for learning
mathematics.
Methodology
Survey Method is used for gathering of the data regarding
current conditions. The investigator wanted to collect the
perception towards scribblar from Higher Secondary School
Students.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research
77
Sample
A sample comprised of 50 (31 males and 19 girls) selected
from sudha higher secondary school, thirukkanur, Puducherry.
Samples were selected using purposive sampling technique
(those who are chosen mathematics as main or optional
subject).
Fig 1: Sampling technique
Tool
The investigator constructed, structured and validated five
point scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree). The scale
consists of 21 statements, all are positive question there is no
negative statements about scribblar. In the perception scale
totally four dimensions is there such as Online Whiteboard,
Measurement and Academic Achievement, Information
Access and Communication. If respondents strongly agree that
given statement will be provided 5 points, Agree 4 points,
Neutral 3 Points, Disagree 2 Points and strongly disagree 1
Points.
Data collection Procedure
Researcher administered the final tool on a sample of 50
students of Sudha Higher Secondary School, affiliated to
Pondicherry Govt. The investigator got permission from
school principal to conduct the survey on Students perception
towards Scribblar for learning mathematics. Before going to
collect the data from respondents, investigator gave brief
introduction about different mode of examination. The
investigator collected data from graduate students of PVP
College Arts and Science College and data were entered into
SPSS and analysed.
Data Analysis
Table 1: Students Perception towards Scribblar for Mathematics Teaching
Students Perception towards Scribblar on Mathematics Teaching [()* Number of Persons]
Online Whiteboard Agree Strongly Agree
1. I feel online whiteboard easy to use 22% (11) 60% (30)
2. Online Whiteboard is legible when instructor type something on whiteboard 16% (8) 80% (40)
3. I believe take notes through snapshot 12% (6) 68% (34)
4. Online Whiteboard is more effective compared than blackboard 18% (9) 72% (36)
5. I think participant also can write on the Online Whiteboard 12% (6) 82% (41)
Measurement and Academic Achievement
1. I expect that Scribblar can be used to increase the motivation to learn. 14% (7) 74% (37)
2. I think Scribblar develop my academic achievement 20% (10) 70% (35)
3. I feel that the use of Scribblar increase the effectiveness of learning 14% (7) 78%(39)
4. I believe that my achievement is possible to increase after the use of Scribblar 12% (6) 80% (40)
5. I think that using Scribblar lead to my learning process 28% (14) 70% (35)
6. Scribblar can be used to enhance the traditional learning 6% (3) 94% (47)
Information Access
1. I can download the materials which is uploaded by instructors 14% (7) 82% (41)
2. I am enjoying when using a Scribblar 12% (6) 74% (37)
3. Using Scribblar save time and effort to get the information 14% (7) 84% (42)
4. Access the information become easier when using Scribblar 14% (7) 76% (38)
5. I can easily download the materials in Scribblar platform
10% (5) 90% (45)
Communication
1. Scribblar remove the limitation of place and time 10% (5) 90% (45)
2. I believe that Scribblar encouraging the interaction and participation 12% (6) 84% (42)
3. I think that learning using Scribblar facilitate communication between teacher and learner 22% (11) 78% (39)
4. I feel that Scribblar fosters that collective cooperation among students 24% (12) 60% (30)
5. I think that chat with instructor while deliver lecture on whiteboard 14% (7) 74% (37)
Online whiteboard
60% (SA) of the respondents stated that, online whiteboard
easy to use, 80% (SA) of the respondents stated that, online
whiteboard is legible when instructor type something on
whiteboard, 68% (SA) of the respondents stated that online
whiteboard is more effective compare than blackboard, 82%
(SA) of the respondents stated that participants stated that,
participants can also write online interactive whiteboard.
Measurement and Academic Achievement
74% (SA) of the respondents stated that, scribblar can be used
to increase the motivation to learn, 70% (SA) of the
respondents stated that scribblar develop my academic
achievement, 78% (SA) of the respondents stated that,
increase the effectiveness of learning, 80% (SA) of the
respondents stated that, believe my achievement is possible to
increase after the use of scribblar, 70% (SA) of the
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research
78
respondents stated that, scribblar lead to my learning process,
94% of the respondents stated that, scribblar enhance the
traditional learning process.
Information Access
82% (SA) of the respondents stated that, easy to download the
materials which is uploaded by instructors, 74% (SA) of the
respondents stated that, enjoy scribblar when using scribblar,
84% (SA) of the respondents stated that, scribblar save time
and effort to get the information become easier when using
scribblar.
The communication
90% (SA)of the participants stated that scribblar remove the
limitation of place and time, 84% (SA)of the participants
stated that scribblar encouraging the interaction and
participation, 78% (SA) of the respondents stated that,
scribblar facilitate communication between teacher and
learners, 60% (SA)of the respondent stated that scribblar
fosters that collective cooperation among students, 74 % (SA)
of the respondents stated that chat facilities available
instructor while deliver lecture on whiteboard.
Major Findings
 80% (SA) of the respondents stated that, online
whiteboard is legible when instructor type something on
whiteboard
 94% of the respondents stated that, scribblar enhance the
traditional learning process.
 84% (SA) of the respondents stated that, scribblar save
time and effort to get the information become easier when
using scribblar.
 90% (SA) of the participants stated that scribblar remove
the limitation of place and time, 84% (SA) of the
participants stated that scribblar encouraging the
interaction and participation.
Suggestion
 Teachers may use this online tool for teaching
 New user can watch the video which is available on
www.scribblar.com (Basics of Scribblar)
 Subject wise you can create room for virtual learning
 Beginners use the trail version (15 days or 30 days)
 After master in the Scribblar, you can subscribe monthly
or yearly based on your requirements
Conclusion
Information and Communication Technologies to support new
pedagogical approaches for learners. In the traditional
classroom, the potential for learner-instructor and learner-
learner is very high, but instructors have largely ignored this
mandate for change and continue to employ the lecture mode
as the predominant method of instruction (Beeland, W.D,
2001) [2]
. In the virtual classroom, on the other hand,
technology supports collaborative learning, heterogeneous
groupings, problem solving and higher order thinking skills-
educational process that a lecture format cannot facilitate. All
the dimensions (Online whiteboard, measurement and
academic achievement Information access, communication)
students have responded positive perception towards scribblar.
Majority of the students have positive perception towards
scribblar for Learning Mathematics.
Acknowledge
Correspondence M. Usha Latchumanan, Principal,
Rajeskumar, PG Mathematics Teachers, Sudha Higher
Secondary School, Puducherry UT, Who has helped me to
conduct and collect data from students for my research work, I
place my sincere thanks to all the teachers, students of sudha
higher secondary school. I extend my sincere gratitude to
University Grant Commission who has been helping financial
assistance for my research work.
References
1. Bell MA. Influence of the electronic interactive
whiteboard on student attitudes and achievement in
eighth-grade writing instruction. Unpublished doctoral
dissertation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, 2000.
2. Beeland WD. Student engagement, visual learning and
technology: Can interactive whiteboards help? Action
Research Exchange, 2001 1. Retrieved, 2006, from
http://chiron.valdosta.edu/are/Artmanscrpt/volno1/belland
_am.pdf
3. Coley R, Cradler J, Engel PK. Computers in the
classroom: The status of technology in U.S. schools.
Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Services. Retrieved
September 6, 2006, from ERIC database. (Eric Document
Reproduction Service No. Ed412893), 1997.
4. Deivam M, Devaki N. Scribblar: An Innovative Online
Tool for Virtual Classroom. Proceeding of the National
Conference on Future Libraries: Issues and Challenges.
Gandhigram: Dept. of Library and Information Science,
2015, Pp.133-136.
5. Deepa RP. Effect of co-operative learning on critical
thinking and problem solving ability in mathematics
among higher secondary students. Ph.D thesis, Dept. of
Education, MS University, Tirunelveli, 2012.
6. Deep Kumar. Attitude towards the Use of Interactive
Whiteboard in Classroom Teaching. New Delhi: New
Frontiers in Education, 2013.
7. Thiyagu K. Web 2.0 Tools for Classroom Applications.
Hyderabad: Edutrack, April, 2013; Vol. 12. No. 8.
8. Glover D, Miller D, Averis D, Door V. Leadership
implications of using interactive whiteboards: Linking
technology and pedagogy in the management of change.
Management in Education. 2005; 18(5):27-30.
9. Greenwell L. Physical Education: An Interactive
Approach, 2002. Retrieved 2004, from
www.sportsteacher.co.uk/features/editorial/pe.html
10. Hall I, Higgins S. Primary students’ perceptions of
interactive whiteboards. Journal of Computer Assisted
Learning. Retrieved September 6, 2006, from
Professional Development Collection database 2005;
21(2):102-117.
11. Jamerson J. Helping All Children Learn: Action Research
Project, 2002. Retrieved 2004, from
www.smarterkids.org/research/ paper15.asp.
12. Johnson N. Large screen computers vs. electronic
whiteboards when teaching online card catalog skills: Is
one technology better than the other? Wichita State
University, 2004.
13. Jonassen DH, Carr C, Yueh H. Computers as mind tools
for engaging learners in critical thinking. Tech Trends
1998; 43(2):24-32. Retrieved 2006, from
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research
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http://www.coe.missouri.edu/~jonassen/Mindtools.pdf#se
arch=%22computers%20as%20mindtools%22
14. Kent P. e-Teaching – The Elusive Promise, 2003.
Retrieved 2004, from http://edcompass.smarttech.com/en/
learning/research/pdf/kent1.pdf.
15. Kent P. Using interactive whiteboards to enhance
mathematics teaching. Australian Primary Mathematics
Classroom 2006; 11(2):23-26. Retrieved September 5,
2006, from PsycINFO database.
16. Latham P. Teaching and Learning Primary Mathematics:
The Impact of Interactive Whiteboards, 2002. Retrieved
2004, from www. beam.co.uk/pdfs/RES03.pdf.
17. Lee M, Boyle M. The Educational Effects and
Implications of the Interactive Whiteboard Strategy of
Richardson Primary School: A Brief Review, 2003.
Retrieved 2004, from www.richardsonps.act.edu.au/
RichardsonReview_Grey.pdf.
18. Levy P. Interactive whiteboards in learning and teaching
in two Sheffield schools: A developmental study, 2002.
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wboards

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Higher secondary school student’s perception towards scribblar for learning mathematics

  • 1. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research 76 International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research ISSN: 2455-2070; Impact Factor: RJIF 5.22 www.socialresearchjournals.com Volume 2; Issue 8; August 2016; Page No. 76-79 Higher secondary school student’s perception towards scribblar for learning mathematics Deivam M Ph.D Scholar, Dept. of Education, Gandhigram Rural Institute – Deemed University, Gandhigram, Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract Mathematics occupies an essential place in the school curriculum. It has been its significant part ever since the beginning of formal education and it continues to be so. Scribblar is innovative online tool for mathematics teaching. Variables: Higher Secondary School Students as dependent variable and mathematics teaching using Scribblar as independent variable. Objectives: To give demo class to higher secondary school students about Scribblar for mathematics teaching; To find out the higher secondary school students perception towards Scribblar for mathematics teaching. Survey Method is used for gathering of the data regarding current conditions. The investigator wanted to collect the perception towards scribblar from Higher Secondary School Students. Samples were selected using purposive sampling technique (those who are chosen mathematics as main or optional subject). The investigator constructed, structured and validated five point scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree). The scale consists of 21 statements, all are positive question there is no negative statements about scribblar. Finding of the study revealed that, all the students have positive perception towards scribblar for Learning Mathematics. Keywords: scribblar, learning mathematics, Higher secondary school student’s Introduction Scribblar is web 2.0 online tool and real time multi-user whiteboard which can be used for revising artwork and images. The tool can also be used for creative brainstorming and planning of projects regardless of distance. Scribblar offer the possibilities to upload and download image, text, chat, and live audio collaboration. The tool is also used by teachers and learning facilities. With Scribblar pro you are allowed to add you own logo and branding. Guests are allowed to join rooms and sessions without subscribing. The term ‘virtual learning environment’ (VLE) refers to the components in which learners and tutors participate in online interactions of several kinds, comprising online learning (Hall, I. & Higgins, S, 2005) [10] . A virtual learning environment (VLE) is a set of teaching and learning tools designed to enhance a student's learning experience by including computers and the Internet in the learning process. The principal components of a VLE package include curriculum mapping, student tracking, online support for both teacher and student, electronic communication (e-mail, threaded discussions, chat, Web publishing), and Internet links to outside curriculum resources. E-learning refers to the use of electronic media and information and communication technologies (ICT) in education. E-learning is widely enclosure of all kinds of educational technology in learning and teaching. E-learning is enclosure of, and is widely synonymous with technology-enhanced learning (TEL), computer-based training (CBT), multimedia learning, computer-assisted instruction, computer-based instruction (CBI) or internet based training (IBT), web-based training (WBT), online education, computer-aided instruction (CAI), virtual education, m-learning, virtual learning environments (VLE) (which are also called learning platforms), and digital educational collaboration. Need and Significance Every individual has the ability to learn. Every individual is different but they can all learn. Not all individuals learn in the same way and it should, therefore, be taught in different ways. Universally, Mathematics is taught as one of the subjects in Schools, Colleges and Universities. Mathematics is considered as the queen of all Sciences (Latham, P, 2002) [16] . It is an essential subject taught to the students to develop the skills of reasoning, logical thinking and problem solving. Majority of the pupils feel that Mathematics is a difficult subject and it can be understood and followed only by intelligent students. Those who fail in the subject develop hatred towards it. At present majority of the Mathematics teachers follow traditional methods of instruction and learners tend to be passive listeners. Due to revaluation of technology, teacher may use innovative online tool for mathematics teaching (Kent P, 2006) [15] . Hence, Scribblar is effective innovative online tool for teaching. Variables Higher Secondary School Students as dependent variable and mathematics teaching using Scribblar as independent variable. Objectives  To give demo class to higher secondary school students about Scribblar for Learning Mathematics.  To find out the higher secondary school students perception towards Scribblar for learning mathematics. Hypothesis Whether higher secondary school students have positive or negative perception towards Scribblar for learning mathematics. Methodology Survey Method is used for gathering of the data regarding current conditions. The investigator wanted to collect the perception towards scribblar from Higher Secondary School Students.
  • 2. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research 77 Sample A sample comprised of 50 (31 males and 19 girls) selected from sudha higher secondary school, thirukkanur, Puducherry. Samples were selected using purposive sampling technique (those who are chosen mathematics as main or optional subject). Fig 1: Sampling technique Tool The investigator constructed, structured and validated five point scale (strongly disagree to strongly agree). The scale consists of 21 statements, all are positive question there is no negative statements about scribblar. In the perception scale totally four dimensions is there such as Online Whiteboard, Measurement and Academic Achievement, Information Access and Communication. If respondents strongly agree that given statement will be provided 5 points, Agree 4 points, Neutral 3 Points, Disagree 2 Points and strongly disagree 1 Points. Data collection Procedure Researcher administered the final tool on a sample of 50 students of Sudha Higher Secondary School, affiliated to Pondicherry Govt. The investigator got permission from school principal to conduct the survey on Students perception towards Scribblar for learning mathematics. Before going to collect the data from respondents, investigator gave brief introduction about different mode of examination. The investigator collected data from graduate students of PVP College Arts and Science College and data were entered into SPSS and analysed. Data Analysis Table 1: Students Perception towards Scribblar for Mathematics Teaching Students Perception towards Scribblar on Mathematics Teaching [()* Number of Persons] Online Whiteboard Agree Strongly Agree 1. I feel online whiteboard easy to use 22% (11) 60% (30) 2. Online Whiteboard is legible when instructor type something on whiteboard 16% (8) 80% (40) 3. I believe take notes through snapshot 12% (6) 68% (34) 4. Online Whiteboard is more effective compared than blackboard 18% (9) 72% (36) 5. I think participant also can write on the Online Whiteboard 12% (6) 82% (41) Measurement and Academic Achievement 1. I expect that Scribblar can be used to increase the motivation to learn. 14% (7) 74% (37) 2. I think Scribblar develop my academic achievement 20% (10) 70% (35) 3. I feel that the use of Scribblar increase the effectiveness of learning 14% (7) 78%(39) 4. I believe that my achievement is possible to increase after the use of Scribblar 12% (6) 80% (40) 5. I think that using Scribblar lead to my learning process 28% (14) 70% (35) 6. Scribblar can be used to enhance the traditional learning 6% (3) 94% (47) Information Access 1. I can download the materials which is uploaded by instructors 14% (7) 82% (41) 2. I am enjoying when using a Scribblar 12% (6) 74% (37) 3. Using Scribblar save time and effort to get the information 14% (7) 84% (42) 4. Access the information become easier when using Scribblar 14% (7) 76% (38) 5. I can easily download the materials in Scribblar platform 10% (5) 90% (45) Communication 1. Scribblar remove the limitation of place and time 10% (5) 90% (45) 2. I believe that Scribblar encouraging the interaction and participation 12% (6) 84% (42) 3. I think that learning using Scribblar facilitate communication between teacher and learner 22% (11) 78% (39) 4. I feel that Scribblar fosters that collective cooperation among students 24% (12) 60% (30) 5. I think that chat with instructor while deliver lecture on whiteboard 14% (7) 74% (37) Online whiteboard 60% (SA) of the respondents stated that, online whiteboard easy to use, 80% (SA) of the respondents stated that, online whiteboard is legible when instructor type something on whiteboard, 68% (SA) of the respondents stated that online whiteboard is more effective compare than blackboard, 82% (SA) of the respondents stated that participants stated that, participants can also write online interactive whiteboard. Measurement and Academic Achievement 74% (SA) of the respondents stated that, scribblar can be used to increase the motivation to learn, 70% (SA) of the respondents stated that scribblar develop my academic achievement, 78% (SA) of the respondents stated that, increase the effectiveness of learning, 80% (SA) of the respondents stated that, believe my achievement is possible to increase after the use of scribblar, 70% (SA) of the
  • 3. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research 78 respondents stated that, scribblar lead to my learning process, 94% of the respondents stated that, scribblar enhance the traditional learning process. Information Access 82% (SA) of the respondents stated that, easy to download the materials which is uploaded by instructors, 74% (SA) of the respondents stated that, enjoy scribblar when using scribblar, 84% (SA) of the respondents stated that, scribblar save time and effort to get the information become easier when using scribblar. The communication 90% (SA)of the participants stated that scribblar remove the limitation of place and time, 84% (SA)of the participants stated that scribblar encouraging the interaction and participation, 78% (SA) of the respondents stated that, scribblar facilitate communication between teacher and learners, 60% (SA)of the respondent stated that scribblar fosters that collective cooperation among students, 74 % (SA) of the respondents stated that chat facilities available instructor while deliver lecture on whiteboard. Major Findings  80% (SA) of the respondents stated that, online whiteboard is legible when instructor type something on whiteboard  94% of the respondents stated that, scribblar enhance the traditional learning process.  84% (SA) of the respondents stated that, scribblar save time and effort to get the information become easier when using scribblar.  90% (SA) of the participants stated that scribblar remove the limitation of place and time, 84% (SA) of the participants stated that scribblar encouraging the interaction and participation. Suggestion  Teachers may use this online tool for teaching  New user can watch the video which is available on www.scribblar.com (Basics of Scribblar)  Subject wise you can create room for virtual learning  Beginners use the trail version (15 days or 30 days)  After master in the Scribblar, you can subscribe monthly or yearly based on your requirements Conclusion Information and Communication Technologies to support new pedagogical approaches for learners. In the traditional classroom, the potential for learner-instructor and learner- learner is very high, but instructors have largely ignored this mandate for change and continue to employ the lecture mode as the predominant method of instruction (Beeland, W.D, 2001) [2] . In the virtual classroom, on the other hand, technology supports collaborative learning, heterogeneous groupings, problem solving and higher order thinking skills- educational process that a lecture format cannot facilitate. All the dimensions (Online whiteboard, measurement and academic achievement Information access, communication) students have responded positive perception towards scribblar. Majority of the students have positive perception towards scribblar for Learning Mathematics. Acknowledge Correspondence M. Usha Latchumanan, Principal, Rajeskumar, PG Mathematics Teachers, Sudha Higher Secondary School, Puducherry UT, Who has helped me to conduct and collect data from students for my research work, I place my sincere thanks to all the teachers, students of sudha higher secondary school. I extend my sincere gratitude to University Grant Commission who has been helping financial assistance for my research work. References 1. Bell MA. Influence of the electronic interactive whiteboard on student attitudes and achievement in eighth-grade writing instruction. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, 2000. 2. Beeland WD. Student engagement, visual learning and technology: Can interactive whiteboards help? Action Research Exchange, 2001 1. Retrieved, 2006, from http://chiron.valdosta.edu/are/Artmanscrpt/volno1/belland _am.pdf 3. Coley R, Cradler J, Engel PK. Computers in the classroom: The status of technology in U.S. schools. Princeton, NJ: Educational Testing Services. Retrieved September 6, 2006, from ERIC database. (Eric Document Reproduction Service No. Ed412893), 1997. 4. Deivam M, Devaki N. Scribblar: An Innovative Online Tool for Virtual Classroom. Proceeding of the National Conference on Future Libraries: Issues and Challenges. Gandhigram: Dept. of Library and Information Science, 2015, Pp.133-136. 5. Deepa RP. Effect of co-operative learning on critical thinking and problem solving ability in mathematics among higher secondary students. Ph.D thesis, Dept. of Education, MS University, Tirunelveli, 2012. 6. Deep Kumar. Attitude towards the Use of Interactive Whiteboard in Classroom Teaching. New Delhi: New Frontiers in Education, 2013. 7. Thiyagu K. Web 2.0 Tools for Classroom Applications. Hyderabad: Edutrack, April, 2013; Vol. 12. No. 8. 8. Glover D, Miller D, Averis D, Door V. Leadership implications of using interactive whiteboards: Linking technology and pedagogy in the management of change. Management in Education. 2005; 18(5):27-30. 9. Greenwell L. Physical Education: An Interactive Approach, 2002. Retrieved 2004, from www.sportsteacher.co.uk/features/editorial/pe.html 10. Hall I, Higgins S. Primary students’ perceptions of interactive whiteboards. Journal of Computer Assisted Learning. Retrieved September 6, 2006, from Professional Development Collection database 2005; 21(2):102-117. 11. Jamerson J. Helping All Children Learn: Action Research Project, 2002. Retrieved 2004, from www.smarterkids.org/research/ paper15.asp. 12. Johnson N. Large screen computers vs. electronic whiteboards when teaching online card catalog skills: Is one technology better than the other? Wichita State University, 2004. 13. Jonassen DH, Carr C, Yueh H. Computers as mind tools for engaging learners in critical thinking. Tech Trends 1998; 43(2):24-32. Retrieved 2006, from
  • 4. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Research 79 http://www.coe.missouri.edu/~jonassen/Mindtools.pdf#se arch=%22computers%20as%20mindtools%22 14. Kent P. e-Teaching – The Elusive Promise, 2003. Retrieved 2004, from http://edcompass.smarttech.com/en/ learning/research/pdf/kent1.pdf. 15. Kent P. Using interactive whiteboards to enhance mathematics teaching. Australian Primary Mathematics Classroom 2006; 11(2):23-26. Retrieved September 5, 2006, from PsycINFO database. 16. Latham P. Teaching and Learning Primary Mathematics: The Impact of Interactive Whiteboards, 2002. Retrieved 2004, from www. beam.co.uk/pdfs/RES03.pdf. 17. Lee M, Boyle M. The Educational Effects and Implications of the Interactive Whiteboard Strategy of Richardson Primary School: A Brief Review, 2003. Retrieved 2004, from www.richardsonps.act.edu.au/ RichardsonReview_Grey.pdf. 18. Levy P. Interactive whiteboards in learning and teaching in two Sheffield schools: A developmental study, 2002. Retrieved 2006, from http://www.shef.ac.uk/eirg/projects/ wboards