CBSE Class 12 Chemistry Investgatory Project file Easy and simple

1. SESSION : 2018-19

2. SESSION : 2018-19

3. • INDEX
Certificate
Acknowledgement
Antacid
Hyperacidity
Drug Name
Objective of Project
Requirement
Procedure
Observation and Calculation
Conclusion
Bibliography

4. • CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this project is
submitted by Mr. DEEPAK SINGH to the
chemistry department of the JAY JYOTI
SCHOOL , REWA was carried out by him
under the guidance and supervision of Mrs.
ALKA TIWARI during the academic year
2018-2019

5. • CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that this project is submitted
by Mr. SHIVAM PANDEY to the chemistry
department of the JAY JYOTI SCHOOL ,
REWA was carried out by him under the
guidance and supervision of Mrs. ALKA
TIWARI during the academic year 2018-2019

6. • ACKNOWLEDMENT
It is my foremost duty to express my deep
regards and guidance to my chemistry
teacher Mrs. ALKA TIWARI under whose
guidance and supervision I am able to
undertake this project. It is her who has
been my primary source of inspiration and
who motivated ,guided and encourage me at
different stages to make this project.
I am also thankful for the help rendered by
the lab assistant who made available
different apparatus and chemical needed
for the experiments, else it would have been
a difficult task to perform this project
successfully.

7. ANTACID
An antacid is any substance that can
neutralize an acid. All antacids are bases.
The pH of a base is 7.1-14. All antacids
have chemical in them called a buffer.
When an antacid is mixed with an acid
the buffer tries to even out the acidity
and that is how stomach acid gets
neutralized. In an antacid it is not the
name brand that tells how well it works it
is something called an active ingredient.
Some antacids have one of the same
active ingredients and some have all of
the same active ingredients. The active
ingredient of most of the antacids is
bases of calcium, magnesium, aluminium.

8. ACID MECHANISM
Antacids perform neutralization
reaction, i.e. they buffer gastric
acid, raising the pH to reduce acidity
in the stomach. When gastric
hydrochloric acid reaches the nerves
in the gastrointestinal mucosa, they
signal pain to the central nervous
system. This happens when these
nerves are exposed, as in peptic
ulcers. Antacids are commonly used
to help neutralize stomach acid. The
action of antacids is based on the
fact that a base reacts with acid to
form salt and water.
INDICATIO
NSAntacids are taken by mouth to
relieve heartburn. Treatment with
antacids alone in symptomatic and
only justified for minor symptoms

9. SIDE
EFFECTSExcess calcium from supplements,
fortified food and high calcium diets
cab cause the milk alkali syndrome which
has serious toxicity and can be fatal
Other adverse effect from antacid include :
Carbonate: Regular high dose may cause
alkalosis , which intern may result in altered
in excretion of other drugs , and kidney
stones.
Magnesium hydroxide : It has a laxative
property . It may accumulate in patient with
renal stones . Calcium salts may also cause
constipation.
Calcium : Compounds containing calcium may
increase calcium output in the urine , which
might be associated to renal stones .

10. Hyperacidity or acid dyspepsia simply
means increase of acidity in the stomach
HYPERACIDITY
STOMACH
ULCER
Ulcers in the stomach are one of the prime
causes of hyperacidity. Once this is
diagnosed, the treatment will be done by
the surgical removal of the stomach ulcers
STOMACH
CANCER
Stomach cancers can also cause hyperacidity as
one of their symptoms. This is a very rare case,
but the mortality rate is quite high.
DRUG NAMES
1. Aluminium hydroxide
2. Magnesium hydroxide
3. Calcium carbonate
4. Sodium bicarbonate
5. Bismuth subsalicylate
6. Cimetidine
7. Ranitidine
8. Histamine
9. Omeprazole
10. Lansoprazole

11. OBJECTIVE OF
PROJECT
The aim of this project is to :
To analyse the given samples of
commercial antacids by determining the
amount of hydrochloric acid they can
neutralize
REQUIREMENTS :
Burettes, pipettes, titration flasks,
measuring flasks, beakers, weight box,
fractional weights, sodium hydroxide,
sodium carbonate, hydrochloric acid,
phenolphthalein.
PROCEDURE :
1) Prepare 1 litre of approximately N/10
HCl solution by diluting 10 ml of the
concentrated acid for one litre.
Similarly, make 1 litre of
approximately N/10 NaOH solution by
dissolving 4.0g of NaOH to prepare one
litre of solution.
2)

12. 3) Prepare N/10 Na2CO3 solution by weighing
exactly 1.325 g of anhydrous sodium carbonate
and then dissolving it in water to prepare
exactly 0.25 litres (250 ml) of solution.
4) Standardize the HCl solution by titrating it
against the standard Na2CO3 solution using
methyl orange as indicator.
5) Similarly, standardize NaOH solution by
titrating it against standardized HCl solution
using phenolphthalein as indicator.
6) Powder the various samples of antacid tablets
and weigh 1.0 g of each.
7) Add a specific volume of standardised HCl to
each of the weighed sample is taken in conical
flasks. The acid should be in slight excess, so
that it can neutralize all the alkaline
component of the tablet.
8) Add 2 drops of phenolphthalein and warm the
flask till most of powder dissolves. Filter off the
insoluble material.
9) Titrate this solution against the
standardised NaOH solution, till a permanent
pinkish tinge is obtained.
Repeat this experiment with different antacids

13. OBSERVATION AND
CALCULATION
Standardisation of HCl Solution
Volume of N/10 Na2CO3 solution taken = 20ml
S. No.
Burette Reading Volume of
acid used
(ml)
Initial Final
1. 0 ml 15 ml 15 ml
2. 0 ml 15 ml 15 ml
3. 0 ml 15 ml 15 ml
Concordant reading = 15 ml
Applying normality Equation –
N1 V1 = N2 V2
N X 15 = 1/10 X 20
Normality of HCl N= 0.133

14. Volume of N/10 NaOH solution taken = 20ml
S. No.
Burette Reading Volume of
acid used
(ml)Initial Final
1. 0 ml 26.5 ml 26.5 ml
2. 0 ml 26.8 ml 26.8 ml
3. 0 ml 26.6 ml 26.6 ml
Concordant reading = 26.6 ml
Applying normality Equation –
N1 V1 = N2 V2
0.133 X 26.6= N X 20
Normality of HCl N= 0.176
Standardisation of NaOH Solution

15. Weigh of antacid tablet powder = 1.0 gram
Antacid Volume of NaOH
used for
neutalising unused
HCl
Volume of HCl
used for
neutalising 1g
of Antacid
1.Digene 16 ml 16.2 ml
2.Rantidine 21.4 ml 21.7 ml
3.Glusil 12.1 ml 12 ml
Analysis of antacid tablet
CONCLUSION
The Antacid for which maximum volume of
HCl used for neutralising is most effective
That is Rantidine

16. BIBLIOGRAPHY
In making this project file under the
guidance of our Chemistry teacher Mrs.
ALKA TIWARI MAM and Lab assistant
Mr. MANOJ MISHRA SIR.
I have taken the help of the following resources
 https://www.google.co.in/
 https://en.wikipedia.org/
 Comprehensive Practical