Upload By : Ahmed Ali Abbas Babylon University College of Dentistry download this file from Website on google is theoptimalsmile.wix.com/dentistry تحميل بقلم: أحمد علي عباس جامعة بابل كلية طب الأسنان تحميل هذا الملف من موقع على جوجل theoptimalsmile.wix.com/dentistry

3. Complete Denture
A dental prosthesis that replaces all of the natural
dentition and associated structures of maxilla and
mandible. It may be supported by mucosa or
sometimes by dental implants.

4. • Esthetic.
• Improve mastication.
• Improve speech.
• Function without interferences.
• Preservation of oral structures.
• Maintenance of health & comfort.

7. Primary
secondary

8. Primary impression
• Negative replica of the
oral tissues
• Done for the purpose of
diagnosis or
construction of tray

9. • Stiff to prevent distortion.
• Workable thickness must be
4mm.
• Altered in areas hindering the
ridge.
• Borders - 2mm short of
vestibule.

10. Tray selection

11. alginate Impression
compound
Perforated tray Non-
perforated
tray.

12. Conditioning the impression
• Sprinkle dental stone on impression
• Disinfection
- immersing in disinfectants for
10 mins
2% glutaraldehyde
bleach
iodophor
• trimming excess with BP blade

13. Primary cast
• Pour the plaster in
the impression in
3 steps.
• Done within
15min after
impression making.
• Base should have
10mm thickness.
• Pouring should be
done from distal
end.
• Trimming

14. Requirement of cast
• Free of voids.
• Record the details
accurately .
• Extend 3 to 4mm
beyond retromolar pad .
• Moisture free.

15. Special tray
• A custom made device
prepared for the particular
patient which is used to
carry , confine and
control an impression
material while making an
impression.

16. Why is it needed?
• Overview Of Border Moulding .
• To Support Green Stick Compound.
• To Make Out Final Impression .
• To Provide Even Thickness Of The
Impression Material.

17. Requirements
• Well adapted to the primary cast .
• 2mm thick in the palate area and
lingual flange for rigidity.
• 2mm relief near the sulcus.
• Free of voids & projections in the
tissue surface.

19. Polystyrene Trays

20. • Soak in water
 Draw the outline on the
cast.
 Block out the undercuts
using wax.
 Place the wax spacer on
the cast.

21. • record tissues in a state of anatomical rest.
• Stability during impression making.
• Relief the non stress bearing areas .
• 2mm thick.
• modelling wax , non asbestos & casting
liner.

22. Fabrication of custom tray
(cold cure resin)
• Sets by chemical reaction
• autopolymerising
• Irreversible
• Two techniques

23. • L/P ratio – 1 : 3
• After mixing monomer & polymer
undergoes six stages
- wet sandy
- early stingy
- late stingy
- dough
- rubbery
- stiff

25. Handle
• Place anteriorly.
• 3mm thick
• 8mm long
• 8mm high.
• Should be parallel to the long axis
of the teeth.

27. • Negative likeness made for the purpose of
fabricating a prosthesis.
• It should have the finer details of denture
bearing area at rest .
 border moulding / peripheral tracing
 make wash out impression
 postdamming

29. The shaping of an impression material by
manipulation or action of tissues adjacent to
the borders of impression
:
simultaneous border moulding
incremental border moulding

30. Tray preparation before imp.
making
• Wax spacer should be removed.
• Remove 0.5 – 1mm of tracing material
but not in post. palatal seal.
• Flanges and the border should be 2.5
to 3mm thick.
• Drill holes in tray to prevent tissue
displacement during imp.making.

31. • Tracing material enhances post
palatal seal.
• Serves as guide for positioning
the tray .
• Prevents aspiration of imp.
Material.

32. Materials for secondary imp
making
ZnOE paste
Medium bodied
elastomeric imp.
material

33. • Imp. must be free of voids
which is rectified by wax.
• Disinfect with iodophor or
2% glutaraldehyde for
10 mins.

35. • Prevents the width and height of the
sulcus
• Mainly preserves mucobuccal and
mucolingual borders.
Materials used
beading utility wax
boxing plaster with pumice ,
paddle boxing and
caulking compound .

36. Replica of the tooth structures ,
residual ridge areas and
other parts of the dental arch
or facial structures used to
fabricate a dental restoration
or prosthesis.

37. Record base
• Base of denture .
• Support wax occlusal rims.
Requirements :
 Well adapted to the final cast .
 Dimensionally stable.
 Retentive .
 1mm thick on the crest and facial slope of the
ridge .
 2mm thick in the palatal and lingual flange.
 Smooth and rounded borders.

39. • ZnOE.
• Elastomeric impression
materials .
• Soft and hard curing
resins.

41. Occlusal rims
Occluding surfaces built on temporary
or permanent denture bases for the
purpose of making maxillo-
mandibular relation records and
arranging teeth.
o Primarily serves as gingiva
o Done mainly to arrange teeth

42. Rolled wax technique
Pre-formed occlusal rim
Metal occlusal rim former

43. • 22mm high from the depth of the sulcus.
• Ant region should be 8mm away from
incisive papilla .
• 4 – 6 mm wide in ant region.
• Occlusal table should be 18mm high from
the depth of sulcus.
• Occlusal table should be 8 – 12 mm wide
posterior.
• Occlusal table should be 10 – 12 mm
above the crest of alveolar ridge anteriorly.

44. • Thermoplastic material
 Adapt from centre to periphery using
Bunsen flame.
 Overheat may lead to leaching.
 Adapt by applying pressure with a
wet cotton swab .
 Borders are adapted upto sulcus using
a blunt spatula .

46. Mandibular occlusal rim
• 6 -8mm high from the crest of the ridge
anteriorly
• 18mm high from depth of the sulcus in the
canine eminence region
• 3 – 6mm high from the crest of the ridge
posteriorly
• The occlusal plate should extend to 2/3rd ht of
the retromolar pad posteriorly
• Width
anteriorly 4 – 6mm
posteriorly 8 – 12mm

48. Centric occlusion:
Term used to describe the position of
the lower jaw when the teeth are fully
occluded together.
Centric relation:
It is the mandibular jaw relation in which
the head of the condyle is situated as far
superior and posterior as it can.

49. A Device Used To Record The
Positional Relations Of The
Maxillary Arch To The
Tempromandibular Joints And
To Orient Dental Casts In This
Same Relationship To The
Opening Axis Of The
Articulator .

51. The procedure of attaching the
maxillary and mandibular casts
to the articulator in the
recorded jaw relations.
 Zeroing the articulator.
 Mounting the maxillary cast.
 Mounting the mandibular cast.

53. Maxilla:

54. Mandible:

55. • A malocclusion of the teeth in
which the front upper incisor
and canine teeth project over the
lower.
• vertical overlap.

56. • Increased projection of the upper
teeth in front of the lower teeth,
usually measured parallel to the
occlusal plane.
• Horizontal overlap.

57. The contouring of a pattern in
wax generally to shaping in
wax of the contours of a trial
denture.

60. • .

61. Festooning :
• By creating depressions
interdentally.
• Wax should be carved around the
neck of the tooth with wax spatula.
• Anteriors- 60degree.
• Posteriors – 45 degree.
• Thin down near neck of the teeth for
free gingiva.
Carving :

63. • Stippling is produced
interdentally with a tooth
brush or bristle brush in the
region of attached gingiva.
• Effective in regions of
interproximal areas.

64. • Polish by flaming and wiping with
cotton.
• Polish with damp nylon stocking in
rough areas.
• Normal thickness – 2mm -2.5mm.

66. Involves Replacing The Base
Of Waxed Portions With
Final Denture Materials

69. • It Helps To Maintain
Position Of The Denture.
• Mainly Prevents Plaster
From Getting Under The
Denture.

70. • Process by which trial denture is
surrounded by stone / plaster in
a metal flask .
• It basically creates a mould for
acrylic denture.

72. • Two Pour
• Three Pour
• Four Pour
Ideal Material For Investing - Stone

73. Three Pour Technique
• Flask- Hanau flask .
• Soak the cast in slurry water.
• Checking the fit .
• Excess height is trimmed off.
• Lubricate using petroleum jelly .
• Reduces the possibility of distortion
and fracture.
• Deflasking is easier.

74. • Separating media is applied at base of
sides.
• Stone filled in the lowest portion.
• Allowed to set for 20mins.
• Apply separating media over 1st pour .
• Middle portion of flask is assembled and
pour the 2nd mix till the occlusal surfaces
of teeth and allow to set for 20mins.
• Excess stone is removed to expose cusp
tips .

75. • Separating Media Is Applied
Again.
• Stone Mix Is Poured Filling
The Remainder Of Flask.
• Allow To Set For 20mins.

77. • First Pour
Cast Is Flasked In Lower Half.
• Second Pour
Rest Of The Flask Is Filled.
• Difficult To Deflask
• Risk Of Fracture
• Risk Of Distortion

78. • Eliminates the wax and
temporary denture base for
mould space.
• Place in boiling water for 5mins.
• Excess time in boiling water
causes wax liquify and soak in
stone.
• Opened flask is flushed with
boiling water to remove
remaining wax.

81. • Apply separating media on to the
stone surface excluding the
teeth.
• Mixed acrylic dough is formed
into a roll and adapt into
mould space.
• A plastic separating sheet is
placed over the dough and 2
halves are closed with pressure.

84. • Polymerisation.
• It Is Defined As Forming Of A Compound By
Joining Together Of Molecules Of Small
Mol.Wt Into A Compound Of Large Mol.Wt.

86. Spl Electrical Curing Chambers
 Flask Is Kept In Water At
Room Temp. Is Raised For 74
Degree And Maintain For 2hrs.
 Boil For 1hr.

87. Long Curing Cycle
• Slow.
• Cure At Low Temperature For
Long Time For Thick
Dentures.
• Less Prone To Porosity.
• Temp – 74 Degree.
• Time – 8hrs.
• No Need To Boil.

88. • Less Risk Of Porosity.
• Less Residual Monomer.
• Indicated For Thick Acrylic
Appliances.

89. • Slow Cooling
Bench Cooling.
• Fast Cooling
Bench Cooling For 30mins
And Placing It Under Running
Tap Water For 30mins.

90. • Removal of denture from
flask using a wedge
instrument.
• Hanau flask is stabilised in
a hydraulic press.

92. TRIMMING
Excess should be trimmed
off to reproduce the accurate
details.
Abrasives
Used for polishing and finishing
irregular surfaces.

93. Lathes Used For Trimming

94. Types:
Pumice:
Siliceous Material Of Volcanic
Origin.
Used As Both Abrasive/Polishing
Agent Depending On Particular
Size.

95. Carbides:
• Silicon carbide , boron carbide -
abrading agents.
si/boron + C carbides of the
high temp respective forms.

96. • The silicon carbide is sintered /
pressed with binder into
grinding wheels/ disks.
Eg: most of the stone burs are
made of SiC.

99. For trimming borders:
lathe mounted arbor band.
laboratory sized carbide burs.
For deeper frenum notches:
fissure bur mounted on lathe.
To remove stone in betn. Teeth/ to remove
acrylic nodules from denture:
pointed chisel/ fissure bur

100. To finish lingual border of
denture:
small sized carbide bur.
To reduce thickness of palate:
large egg shaped bur.

103. • A slurry of fine flour of
pumice with water is made.
• The rag wheel is wetted using
the slurry and polished at low
speed.
• In case of less accessible areas a
brush/ prophy cup with slurry is
used for polishing.
• High shine is produced using
no.341 TiGleam .

104. • Finally the denture is
brushed with green soap to
remove all traces of polishing
material.
• Rinse
• Storage - water.

109. 
