Apple Stock Price

Apple Stock Price
As of march 26, 2016 the current value of the 1,000 shares of Apple stock is $105,670. The stock
price for Apple 25 years ago was $2.19, for a total value of $2,190 (AAPL, n.d.). This means the 25
year return on 1,000 shares of Apple stock is 4,725%. If the EE savings bonds are sold, the payout
would be $119,588, compared to the value of the bond if kept until maturity of $121,250. An
advantage of selling a combination of stocks and bonds is that it allows better financial security.
Keeping some stock increases the potential of substantial gains from an increase in share price and
dividends, but also has a moderately high level of risk. Maintaining some money in bonds has a set
rate of return, but the risk is very low. The best choice is to ... Show more content on
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The SEC requires that an annual report, Form 10–K,are filed. This form has detailed financial
information, operating information, and managements responses to specific questions about the
company's operations. The SEC also requires that all relevant business and financial information be
disclosed to potential shareholders any time new securities are being issued. Lastly, Form 3 and
Form 4 must also be filed with the SEC. Form 3 is a personal statement of beneficial ownership of
securities of a company, for any officer, director, or principle stockholder of a company. Form 4 is a
record of any change of ownership within that company (SEC, 2016). Companies must also disclose
certified financial statements, including a two–year audited balance sheet, and a three–year audited
statement of income and cash flows. Furthermore, the annual reports are required to contain five
years of financial data, including "net sales, income or loss from continuing operations, total assets,
long–term obligations, and redeemable preferred stock, and cash dividends declared per common
share" (SEC,
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Stock Reflection
What i learned throughout the past weeks about my stocks is I learned that I have to spend my
money more wisely throughout the whole entire week that we had this project. I think the most
important lesson I learned about these last 8 weeks is that I should have bought and sell more stocks
I think if I would have done that I would have gained more money through the long run it would
have made it more interesting because if I would have bought and sold more. I would have learned
the lesson not to do it again in case I lost a huge profit. What I also learned about this project is that
I might go into the stock market one day and see how I do to see if gain actual money or if I lose
money because it's actually a good thing to invest in because you could potentially gain profit from
it rather than just saving money and you could also double your money from saving and the stock
market. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I think what I would also do is I would take some different advice from people who actually used
the stock market to make some good money because if I learn from them I might actually miss some
mistakes when I actually invest into the stock market. I feel like people have a really good insight
on what to buy into the stock market because they have doing this for countless years and the know
how to potentially make a profit from the stock market and when to be wise and save there money
and not make a mistake a waste there money on just one stock. I would actually look at different
graphs about the product to see if I made a good decision or

Stock and Ans
Workbook 2
(Valuation of Bonds and Shares)
1. Verbrugge Company has a level–coupon bond outstanding that pays coupon interest of $120 per
year and has 10 years to maturity. The face value of the bond is $1,000. If the yield for similar bonds
is currently 14%, what is the bond 's current market value? [Ans: $ 895.68]
2. For the Verbrugge Company bond described in Problem 1, find the bond 's value if the yield for
similar bonds decreases to 12%. [Ans: $ 1,000]
3. For the Verbrugge Company bond described in Problem 1, find the bond 's value if the yield for
similar bonds decreases to 9%. [Ans: 1192.53]
4. What conclusions can you draw out of the solutions of the problems 1, 2 and 3 ?
5. Suppose the Verbrugge bond paid ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
[Ans: $ 90.91]
19. A share of preferred stock with a $12 annual dividend is selling for $75. What is the required
rate of return for the preferred stock? [Ans: 16 %]
20. The current price of a stock (P0) is $20 and last year 's price (P–1) was $18.87. The latest
dividend (D0) is $2. Assume a constant growth rate (g) in dividends and stock price. What is the
stock 's return for the coming year? [Ans: 16.6 %]
21. The current year 's dividend (D0) for a share of common stock is $2 and the current price (P0) of
the stock is $30. Dividends are expected to grow at 5% forever. What is the rate of return for this
stock? [Ans: 12 %]
22. A company pays a current dividend (D0) of $1.20 per share on its common stock. The annual
dividend will increase by 3%, 4% and 5%, respectively, over the next three years, and by 6% per
year thereafter. The appropriate discount rate is 12%. What is P0? [Ans: $ 20.08]
23. Six years ago, the Singleton Compnay sold a 20 year bond issue with a 14% annual coupon rate
and a 9% call premium. Today, Singleton called the bonds. The bonds were originally sold at their
face value of Rs 1,000. Compute the realized rate of return for investors who purchased the bonds

when they were issued and surrender then today in exchange of call price. [Ans: 15.03%]
Cost of Debt (YTM) – Yield to Maturity
Approximate YTM:
Use the same formula with annual coupon and n as no. of years even if the coupon payment is
semiannual. (To find out

Stock Start Date : The Stock Game
Phu Uong
Period 3
Mr. Moore
Essay Due Date: January 22nd
Stock Start Date: November 1st
Stock End Date: January 15th
Final Portfolio: 9,611.00
Pages: 2 The stock game was the hardest game I have ever played in. With so many things on the
line such as grades, competition, and making money, I have made lots of mistakes on the way but
also learned a lot of good lessons about investing and business. During the explanation before the
game started, I thought it was really easy to buy, sell, short and cover stocks. However, when reality
was set, there were so many choices to make from what company to buy, how much to buy, and
determine the right time to sell or buy the stock. I lost about 300 dollars from my 10,000 dollars
portfolio. That ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although, in some cases such as the terrorist attack in Paris or the China 's stock market crashed, it
affected a section of stock greatly. Air France USA got completely destroyed after the ISIS attack
due to all the fear. Then, Apple and other major American companies' stocks plummeted because all
of their products are being produced in China when their stock market crashed. Even though you
need to calculate back and forth, watch the news and the movement of the stocks, you have to be
lucky in order to pull the right trigger and sadly mine didn 't last long. I personally like this game
because it lets us experience what it would be like if we put our livelihoods into those stocks. I was
sweating, thinking, calculating, etc. of how can I increase my portfolio. However, it took lots of
energy and time to invest. I could not even sleep at night because I felt scared that suddenly my
stocks would go down and lose all the money. I was so worried that I checked my stocks every
hours. Overall, it was a great game to experience but it would be more fun without the money and
the essay pages. I think this game actually prepared me for the future if I decided to go in the
business field and wanted to make money off of stocks. However, in real life, I would have to be a
lot more aggressive because it is going to be my real money, not virtual money. Also, it is going to
be my livelihood on the line too, not just essay pages. This is just the practice of the

Stocks Versus Bonds
Advantages and Disadvantages of Stocks and Bonds
Name
Institution
Advantages and Disadvantages of Stocks and Bonds
Introduction
Stocks and bonds qualify as the two major classes of assets that are used by investors in planning
their portfolios for investment. Stocks offer the investors an opportunity to have a stake in the
company, whereas the bonds are affiliated to the loans that are made to a company. Generally stocks
are considered to be very volatile and much risky to invest in as compared to the investment in bond
(Alexieff, 2014). However there exist different stock and bond types that have with them varying
volatility levels and the risks also vary.
Types of Stocks and Bonds
There exist different types of stocks and bonds ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A stock holder has the right vested upon him to sell the stocks at a much higher price as compared to
what he paid for, whenever he or she deems it necessary.
A stock holder has a voice in the company as they are in a position to contest for the post of being
the directors in the organization, depending on the share capital that has been invested by a
shareholder in the company.
A shareholder in a company has the right to get involved in the bonus shares that have been declared
by the company. Bonus stocks are the additional stocks that are assigned to the stock holders apart
from the dividends (Alexieff, 2014).
Investing in stocks enables one to increase the chances of obtaining credit facilities from financial
institutions like banks and the macro financing institutions. The share certificate is used as collateral
for the loans.
Stocks are inheritable, this means that one can assign the shares to the next of kin who is entitled to
the stake in the company once the shareholder deems necessary to exit the company.
Stocks are also advantageous as the holders are only subjected to the limited liability in cases of a
loss (Mobius, 2012). Therefore, in the event of liquidating the company, the shareholder is only
liable up to the capital limits invested in the company.
Stocks can again be used as leverage for investment.
Disadvantages of Stocks
The following are some of the negative implications of stock: Getting the Last Payment
In the event of

Disadvantages And Disadvantages Of Employee Stock Options...
Another researchers also stated that when the interest between shareholders and employees are not
align, they creat agency costs for firms. As a result, the firm performance will decrease and thus
decreasing shareholder value. Another studies displays that employee stock options has an indirect
effect on productivity. This employees may become loyal to their company. This led to the firm's
productivity and enhances the return on invested capital. This will create positive shareholder value.
Moreover, employee stock options and share prices are also positively related to each other becaue
stock options can provide incentives to managers and employees to increase the value of the firm.
Therefore, it can assumed that there is an indirect link ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The growth in stock options has led to dilution of shareholder value, increased cash allocation for
stock repurchases, and raised the dilemma of re–pricing. specified that the impact of employee stock
option on stock price might be negative because employees will prefer to increase their short–term
compensation rather than invest profits in the business for the future growth. The stock price
movement in the short term can be affected by misleading information of reported earnings.
Managers may have an incentive to manipulate earnings so that they can benefit from exercising
options at high share prices. Hence, employee stock option is indirectly affecting the stock price.
indicate that employees with high equity are more likely to engage in earnings management and
reporting earnings that meet or beat analysts' forecasts. find that employee holding more options and
stock shares are more likely to manipulate reported earnings through discretionary accruals which is
consistent with. also identify that the sensitivity of employee stock option to stock price is

Stock Market
Abstract
This project documents and describes the buying and selling of stocks that we purchased using $
100,000 USD (Monopoly money) given to us by our instructor. Our assignment was to invest the
stock in any way seen best fit to gain the most profit. We were to track our stocks three times a week
and document the results using Microsoft Excel. The requirements for the assignment were to
include two stock trades and to try to make our portfolio diverse using different sectors. The purpose
of this project is to understand how the stock market works, and give us a better understanding of
how the stock market operates.
As a beginning investor, I tried to keep my initial stocks as an even investment for the most part. I ...
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I purchased 212 shares of Starbucks (SBUX) at $ 51.17 per share, for a total of $ 10,848.04. I
decided on Starbucks because I consider this company to have high end products with larger profits
due to the markup. This company seems to be moving along very well with technology adopting
new marketing techniques like advertising heavily on social networks.
My last purchase was State Street (STT), not only is the company that I work for, but in the near
future I know that they will offer to pay my year end bonus with their stock instead of cash. I
purchased 300 shares of stock at $ 43.00 per share, for a total of $ 12,900.00. With over $ 8.7
Trillion in middle–office assets under administration, State Street is a recognized leader in providing
investment operations.
Performance
Up until October 19th, 2012, before I decided to adjust my portfolio each of my five stocks yielded
a gain for my portfolio and my profit margin was 1.22%. On the same day, October 19th, 2012, I
adjusted my portfolio. I decided to sell off all of my Apple stock (APPL); I sold all 60 shares at
$609.84, which generated a loss of $4,236.00. I decided to sell because the price decreased more
than $ 92 dollars in just 1 month and my theory of new product fever didn't prove true. I wasn't
comfortable keeping this high priced stock with the price as high as 700 in the middle of September,
and

Radio Shack Stock Report
Recently Radio Shack has undergone a makeover during the last year and the result has been a
noticeable improvement in their prospects. Radio Shack has always been steady through the years.
There seems to be franchises in every mall or around the corner. As of recent, Radio Shack has
transformed their approach on the market place and is seeking new challenges. Upon reshaping their
image, Radio Shack has seen their total net sales and operating revenue for 2009 increased to $4.28
billion compared with $4.22 billion for 2008. Most of this growth has resulted from focusing on
mobility and wireless products from several different brands. Instead of providing wires and
connectors for component stereos, Radio Shack is now configuring ... Show more content on
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Companies with the most consistent earnings history or strongest growth prospects receive the
highest P/E multiples. We calculate price targets for the current and next fiscal year by applying the
stock 's current multiple to the average professional analyst 's estimate. Valuation using RadioShack
's current multiple (P/E): Fiscal Year | Est Low/High Price Range | Avg. Est. Price | % Change for
Average | 12/2010 | 24.67–29.05 | 26.28 | 11.12% | 12/2011 | 24.82–30.66 | 27.74 | 17.29% |
RadioShack current price: | 23.65 | RadioShack current multiple (P/E): | 14.60 | | RadioShack
average 12/2010 estimate: | 1.80 | | RadioShack low 12/2010 estimate: | 1.69 | | RadioShack high
12/2010 estimate: | 1.99 | RadioShack average 12/2011 estimate: | 1.90 | | RadioShack low 12/2011
estimate: | 1.70 | | RadioShack high 12/2011 estimate: | 2.10 |
What 's the best guess for the stock if it were valued like its peers?
Investors often come to believe that a stock is undervalued or overvalued compared to other stocks
in its industrial group. To calculate an alternate target price for the current and next fiscal year based
on those beliefs, investors can apply the average PE multiple for a company 's industrial group to
the average professional analyst 's earnings estimate for the company in those periods. Valuation
using the industry 's

A Case For A Stock
2. According to "The difference," (n.d.), a bond is defined as "a loan from the investor to the bond
issuer, to help raise capital for a company or government." A share is defined as a unit of ownership
interest in a corporation or financial asset that provide for an equal supply in any profits, in the form
of dividends ("Shares,"n.d.).
Ownership and rights
As stated in the beginning, a bond is considered as a loan from the investor. Therefore if a person
bought a bond such as corporate bonds from a bond issuer, he or she does not have any ownership in
the company with no direct control over the business. It will be just limited to lending and
borrowing.
In the case for a stock, when companies wish to expend but unable to do solely through the income
they earn and turn to the financial markets for additional financing by splitting the company up into
"stocks," and then sell a portion of on the open market. A person who buys stock is therefore buying
an actual share of the company, which makes him or her part owner (Kenny, 2016). Due to this, the
person who owns the stock (with the exception to preferred stocks) is entitled to vote on annual
general meeting.
Period of ownership
As bond has a loan period. The issuer issues a bond that contains the interest rate that will be paid
and the time at which the loaned funds (bond principal) must be returned also known as maturity
date ("Bond," n.d.) As for stocks, the owner can own for an unlimited period until he or she

Stock Marketing
The Stock Market Do you think if your personal finance are affected and thousands of company's
shares traded because of the New York Stock Exchange? The biggest stock market in the world
Billions of dollars pass from hand to hand every single day in this establishment. Two hundred years
ago in front of Trinity Church in East Manhattan, the foundation of the New York Stock Exchange
has started out. Recurrently owning shares in cargo was coming in on ships everyday for silver
traders after the time of sharing the conception of stock, or even changing paper money was not
daily usage. The business of trading silver for paper was flourished. The colonial government
claimed money to fund its wartime operations during the American ... Show more content on
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A growth stock is a stock of a company that produces tolerable and considerable positive cash flow.
A secondary issue is also known as a secondary market offering, which is a registered offering of a
huge block of security that has been issued to the public beforehand. There are two basic types of
stock, including common stock and preferred stock. Both types have pros and cons, so before
buying a corporations stock, it is better to choose which one is most pleases. In addition, a common
stock is the basic stock that a corporation issues. For example, it shows that people own a part or
fraction of the company. Failures and successes of the company are directly influenced by the
common stocks. Common stocks are more of a gamble. Since there is a greater chance of making
profit, their dividends or profits issue the common stock, after the preferred stock, (Whang
Seunjgjin, 720). After all of the common stock has been issued, companies start to deal out preferred
stock. A preferred stock is an important equity security that has properties as both equity and a debt
instrument and is basically considered a hybrid instrument. Before the common stock owners, the
preferred stock owners supplied their dividends. If the company ceases to do business, and
liquidates, the preferred stock owners are repaid the money, in which they invested before the
stockholders are balanced. The main disadvantages of preferred

Stock Valuation Analysis
Stock Valuation
The value of a company's stock may entice an investor to offer money. Without knowing the proper
value of stocks, investors are hard–pressed to find the right time to buy or sell shares; and investors
may miss opportunities solely on the stock's market value (Zacks, n.d.). The following sections shall
(1) calculate the Company's SV based on its dividends*; and (2) discuss both those calculations'
effect on shareholder value* and the Company's dividend policies.
Calculations
To begin the calculations, the data points of cash dividend* per share, dividend yield*, and the
stockholder's equity* from the Company's FY2012–14 financial statements are required. To obtain
the dividend yield, the following equation shall be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Keeping the Company's goal of maximizing shareholder value in mind, the best option based on the
aforementioned calculations is for the Company to increase dividend per share by $1.75. A crucial
source for increases in a business's dividend per share payout is a swing in growth strategy leading
to the business's decision to expend less of its earnings in seeking growth and expansion, thus
leaving a greater segment of profits available to be given to investors in the form of dividends
(Maverick, 2015). The uptick in dividend per share gives an investor more "bang for their buck" as
it ultimately affects the ROI. Further, this is apparent when comparing recalculated ROI. In Table 3:
ROI Comparisons, ROI #1 represents the ROI based on actual dividends per share; ROI #2
represents the recalculation based on the $1.75 increase.
Table 3: ROI Comparisons
Fiscal Year (FY) ROI #1 ROI #2 % Increase
2012 1.67% 3.42% 205%
2013 1.71% 3.46% 203%
2014 2.24% 3.99% 178%
Based on the comparison, the increased dividend per share clearly supports the idea of shareholder
maximization, while the other options are not as supportive.
Dividend Policies
The Company has noted that, in addition to making disciplined decisions regarding capital
allocations, focus has been maintained on expense control, resulting in higher returns on invested
capital and allowing for a return of value to shareholders through $7.0 billion in share repurchases
and $2.5

Pepsi Stock
I have chosen several stocks for you that will fit your current situation. Below you will read more
about them and why I chose them for you. The first stock I have chosen is from PepsiCo, Inc. I
purchased fifteen shares of this stock for $1,578.90, each stock individually costing $105.26. Before
purchasing this stock, the price it was last traded at was $104.59. Over the course of 52 weeks, the
stock price was between $91.45 and $110.94. The price range for today 9/14/2019 is between
$101.60 and $105.64. The reason I purchased these for you is because I believe there will be much
profit once the commercials start coming out for football. The second stock I purchased for you is
from Apple Inc. As you probably know apple is one of the leading designers, and makers of
technology. I purchased fifteen shares of this stock for $1,686.30, each individually coming out to
be $112.42. Prior to purchasing this stock, the price of it was $107.95. Over the ... Show more
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I purchased thirteen shares of this stock for $1,056.12, each stock individually costing $81.24.
Before purchasing this stock, the price it was last traded at was $80.23. Over the course of 52
weeks, the stock price was between $56.36 and $84.73. The price range for today is between $80.23
and $81.62. The reason I purchased this stock is because the stock price has been rising over the
course of the year and I anticipate that this will bring great revenue. The next stock I have chosen
for you is from Smith & Wesson Holding Corporat. I purchased eleven shares of this stock for
$293.81, each stock individually costing $26.71. Before purchasing this stock, the price it was last
traded at was $26.71. Over the course of 52 weeks, the stock price was between $31.16 and $16.33.
The price range for today is between $26.62 and $28.08. The reason for purchasing this stock is
because the price of the stock has been rising over the course of the

Stock Dividends, Stock Splits and Reverse Splits Essays
Companies use different methods for paying their stock owners their dividend payments, depending
of what outcomes they are looking to achieve. If they are low in liquid cash they might pay with
stock dividends or sometimes they don't pay their dividends at all for certain periods. Some
company needing to achieve their amount of share to increase or decrease might choose to do a
stock split or reverse stock split, depending on what they are looking to achieve at end results. These
decisions sometimes have impacts on the company's financial statements and their per share
calculations. Investors looking at the financial statements review to search for data indicating how,
when and why the company has change their stocks numbers, their value ... Show more content on
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Some companies wishing to cut their shares in half might complete a 2 for 1 stock split, or cutting it
into a third might do a 3 for 1 stock split. Usually after a company does a stock split, the company's
share price will increase or decrease. The most common stock split method used is the 2 for 1 and
this usually results in the stock prices being halves, resulting in owning twice the number of share
for halve the original price. A stock split is commonly done by companies that feel its per–share
price has risen beyond what an individual investor is willing to pay. They believe that lowering the
market price will make their stocks more affordable for these investors and thereby stimulate and
increase trading activity. Eventually the stock split causes an increase in the numbers of shares on
the market, which lead to decreasing of Earning per Share (EPS). It is normal for EPS to decline
after stock split because EPS = Net Income/ Total of shares outstanding. Since Net Income will not
be impacted by the stock split, EPS has to go down due to increase in amount of shares outstanding.
However, if the company has good expectations about their financial future, it might not be too
concern about decline in EPS. http://www.streetauthority.com/terms/s/stocksplit.asp Reverse stock
split is when a company decides to change the number of outstanding shares it has by a certain
number. This does not cause the price the price of the company to chance, what it changes is the

Financial Analysis Of Two Stocks
Joshua Keister is a senior at SIUE pursuing a degree in Business Administration with a dual
concentration in Finance and CMIS. He is wanting to become a Financial Advisor/Planner. The two
stocks Joshua picked were Activision Blizzard Inc. and Braskem S.A.. The purpose of these stocks
is to obtain high growth with a large–cap company and international growth, helping the portfolio
retain its high growth potential and stay diversified.
Colton Hamel is in his final semester at SIUE. He is planning to receive his Bachelor's Degree in
Management with a Finance specialization in December. He is looking to pursue a career in banking
or financial planning. His analysis was focused on McDonald's and Boeing. These two stocks
purpose is to be safe ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We believe it is important to capitalize on the bullish market we are currently in, but are worried this
may not continue in the long run. Due to this, we chose 8 stocks that were a mix of diversified value
and growth stocks.
Investment Strategy
The investment style of an investor who wants to capitalize on favorable current market conditions,
but also not be overly bullish and lack protection if the market corrects into a downturn. The stocks
we chosen to accomplish this are Activision, Braskem SA, Boeing, McDonald's, IBM, Hershey,
TechTarget, and Willdan Group.
Section 2. The Securities
Activision, IBM, and TechTarget
Section 2.1 Sector Outlook: Technology We are slightly bullish in the technology sector, because of
this we have chosen three stocks in this sector. We feel comfortable with this because of the overall
size and growth of the technology sector. Our companies in the technology industry specialize in the
research and development and the distribution of technologically based goods and/or services. This
industry is also producing new and innovating items which makes it a prime choice for investors. In
2016, the tech industry generated market sales of about $2.9 trillion and it expected to grow by 4.7%
in 2017 (Bartels, 2016).
Activision

Commodities And The Stock Market
When comes to commodities and the stock market, investors are quick to blame oil prices for
causing market volatility. Granted this is case more often than not, other commodities such as corn
and gold have a tremendous impact on daily stock prices. Global commodities are typically broken
down into 4 basic headers; energy, metals, agriculture, meat & livestock, and consumer. Energy, as
we know, watch the most heavily scrutinized assets including oil and natural gases. Metals, on the
other hand, track our most precious assets, gold and silver. While agriculture, meat & livestock and
consumer observe corn, coffee and live cattle to name a few. Since commodities, and not just oil, are
key inputs of many goods, they have a profound impact on ... Show more content on
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Obviously when oil prices are volatile, earnings from company's like Exxon Mobil will fluctuate.
Investors are quick to take notice of this, causing share prices of energy companies to fall. However,
what you may not be aware of is that oil is a key input into a variety of goods and products we use
daily. Retail manufactures often use oil to make plastics or fertilizers found at your local Walmart.
By extension, when the price of oil rises, major retailers pass on rising costs onto consumers in the
form of higher prices. If they aren't able to pass along the cost increase, then retailers face an
adverse impact on margins, subsequently hurting stock prices. Moreover, oil prices have a directly
effect what you end up paying at theh pump. When oils prices are high, consumer spending
typically suffers since consumers must dig deeper to on necessities and fuel. Auto manufactures
often feel this effect through falling sales of its higher margin SUVs and trucks.
Gold
Unlike oil, gold prices indirectly follows movements in the market. Throughout history gold has
been viewed as a counter cyclical asset, which means the precious metals gains value during market
down turns. Since gold is found all over the world and holds high intrinsic value, it is often viewed
as a universal currency. When the outlook of the equity markets looks bleak or corporate earnings
are destined for doom, investors will flock to the precious

Stock and Company
Week 7 Chapter 6: Investors in the Share Market True/False QUESTIONS 1. Investing in shares of
publicly listed corporations should, on average, over time provide a higher return than investing in
fixed–interest securities. a. True b. False 2. Investments through a stock exchange are limited to
ordinary shares issued by listed corporations. a. True b. False 3. Portfolio theory contends that a
diversified share portfolio enables an investor to significantly reduce the portfolio's exposure to
systematic risk. a. True b. False 4. A share that has a beta of one is twice as risky as an average share
listed on a stock market. a. True b. False 5. Shares that typically demonstrate a negative price
correlation will usually move in the same direction ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Government: Commonwealth, state and government trading enterprises D. Overseas–the rest of the
world 6. The risk that impacts specifically on the share price of a particular company is called: A.
economic risk B. business risk C. systematic risk D. unsystematic risk 7. When investors buy and
sell shares based on receiving new information on shares and markets, this is known as: A. active
investment B. a diversified strategy C. a market replication strategy D. passive investment 8. To
track the S&P500, a fund manager can buy: A. all the stocks in the S&P500 B. an S&P500 index
fund C. a percentage of stocks that essentially tracks the index D. All of the given answers. 9. The
correlation of pairs of securities within a portfolio is called: A. co–association B. correspondence C.
covariance D. variance 10. The correlation between two shares: A. can take on positive values MAF
702 Lecture 7 (Topic 7) MCQs and T/F Questions Page 3 B. can take on negative values C. is
related to the covariance of a share D. All of the given answers. 11. Portfolio risk is heavily based
on: A. a simple average of the variance of the stocks in the portfolio B. a weighted average of the
variance of the stocks in the portfolio C. a weighted average of the covariance of the stocks in the
portfolio D. the standard deviation of the stocks 12. When an investor alters the mix of their
portfolio to reflect market changes, this is called _____ asset allocation A. market timing B. passive

Stocks On The Stock Market
There are thousands of stocks on the stock market. It can be a daunting task deciding which stocks
to invest in. Typically stocks are broken into two general categories: growth stocks and value stocks.
Growth stocks are typically considered companies that are expected to increase at rates above the
average rate of the market. These investments typically do not pay any form of dividends, preferring
to reinvest their earnings back into projects with the hope of helping the company to develop and
expand even further. Growth stocks do not immediately produce results; most of the value is derived
from the future earnings. In essence, you are investing in what the company will become instead of
what the company is now. Value stocks are companies that are or close to full maturity. There is not
a lot of room for growth with this stocks. Because of this, these stocks usually pay out dividends to
make their investors happy. In essence, you are investing in what the company is now and what it
will be in the future. The tendency for most new investors is to go for the growth stocks, because
they seem attractive and provide the most potential for returns. These are the stocks that can soar up
100% in a year. While exciting, these stocks are also the ones that can plunge very quickly and
cause panic in the market. So what should you be doing? Look for undervalue stocks. Investing in
undervalue stocks is the ticket to make great returns year after year. Investing in undervalue

Stocks and Bonds
In the financial markets, the most common forms of marketable securities are stocks and bonds.
Though they have some similarities to each other, they differ greatly in many aspects. Broadly
speaking, both financial instruments enable one to invest in corporations, public and/or private, with
possible profitable returns in the future.
Stocks (or shares), by definition, are shares of ownership in a company. By purchasing stocks in a
company, the investor becomes a part owner, and thereby owns a percentage share of the company's
after tax profits. Stocks/shares have two key characteristics: 1) they can be issued in small
denominations: an investor can purchase as many or as few shares in a company as he/ she wants,
thereby becoming a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Stocks were rising on expectations of economic recovery later in the year, and bond prices fell as
their yields increased (bond prices and yields are inversely related). The yield on the 2–year notes
and 10–year notes, which are heavily influenced by the Fed–regulated interest rates and inflation
expectations, respectively, increased from .76% to 1.4% and 2.25% to 3.93 during the same period,
respectively. Concurrently, the S&P 500 had gained 4.8%, rebounding 40% from March lows.
Though stocks have statistically delivered higher returns in the long term compared to bonds, bond
prices are less volatile. The dividends paid out on stocks are uncertain and depend on the
distributable profits of the company, the company's investment plans and cash needs for the same,
and other such factors. On the other hand, bonds generally make a pre–specified interest payout to
all bondholders periodically, thereby ensuring an assured, known cash–inflow in the hands of a
bond–holder. Further, on maturity of the bond, a pre–determined principal amount is paid out by the
issuer to the bondholder, to purchase back the bond. Hence, a bondholder who holds the bond to
maturity, knows exactly how much he /she will receive both by way of interest as well as principal
on maturity. This is completely untrue for stocks, where neither the dividend flow nor the capital
appreciation is predictable with certainty.
Bonds are therefore relatively safer

Origins And Designers Of Stock Certificates
Contents.
Introduction
Literature Review
Methodology
Main Dissertation:
Chapter One: What is a stock certificate?
Chapter Two: Origins and designers of stock certificates
Chapter Three: Where were stock certificates used?
Chapter Four: Printing processes and equipment
Chapter Five: Production processes
Chapter Six: Case studies: A visual examination and evaluation of stock certificate designs (NOT
STARTED YET)
Chapter Seven: The disappearance of stock certificates and what followed (NOT STARTED YET)
Chapter Eight: The interpretation and application of stock certificates to contemporary design (NOT
STARTED YET)
Conclusion
Areas of further study
Introduction
The aim of this study is to learn about the origins of American stock certificates and how their visual
styles were created and developed; as well as how they have evolved and their influence on design

in the 21st century.
(TO BE CONTINUED AFTER COMPLETION)
Literature Review
Researching stock certificates has led to finding various useful pieces of information that will aid
this study. Parts of the information found were Internet sourced, however it has proven difficult to
find useful information, as several sites have covered the same information. The best source of
information was taken from two paperback books and an eBook.
Brent Brown wrote Pictorial Stock Certificates: Lithography & Engravings for the Graphic Art
Collector. Brown explains the different aspects of stock

Types Of Stock : A Stock
INTRODUCTION:
A stock is a share in ownership of a company. A shareholder is a holder of stock who has a claim to
part of the corporation's assets and earnings. Stocks allow you to own a percentage of a public
corporation 's earnings and assets. There are two main types of stock: common, which allows you to
vote at shareholders' meetings, and preferred, which doesn't. Although preferred stock does not
allow voting, it generally has a higher claim on assets and earnings. So to further explain, if that
company were to go bankrupt, the preferred shareholders would have priority and receive dividends
before common shareholders. A brokerage firm is an institution that facilitates the buying and
selling of stocks between the buyer and seller. Individual investors can buy a share in companies at a
brokerage, or directly from the company if they have an account set up.
STOCKBROKER:
A stockbroker is someone who buys and sells securities on a stock exchange for clients. Securities
are investments that can be stocks, bonds, and mutual funds. Stockbrokers never buy or sell
securities on behalf of a client but act more as an agent between clients and stock markets. A stock
exchange is just a stock market where brokers buy and/or sell shares. Stockbrokers are agents
compensated with brokerage commission fees for executing financial orders for its investor(s). A fee
is charged each time a stock is bought or sold. In addition to possessing strong and competitive
mindsets, stockbrokers

The Stock Market
In 2001, it struck everybody as odd when a blue chip stock went bankrupt less than a year after it
paid its top 5 executives a total of $282.7 million. The stock market is notorious for being
seductively tricky; being the sole contributor to the making and breaking of many men. However,
this time it was clear that this wasn't an ordinary unexpected decline. Enron Corporation, a former
American energy company, had to have had something going on behind the scenes to cause the
largest chapter 11 bankruptcy of its time. As the house of cards collapsed, it became clear that
investors were blindsided by one of the largest instances of pump and dump stock fraud the market
had ever seen. While it may be an enigma to many, the stock market does have some simple ground
rules that hold true almost all the time, no matter what stock one plans on investing in. The
backbone of the stock market is generally coined "buy low, sell high." This term is short and sweet,
but it encompasses all that is required to make money in the stock market. To make money, all
somebody has to do is buy shares of a stock when the price is low and undervalued, and then sell
those shares when the price goes up. Ignoring brokerage fees and federal taxes, this is essentially all
one has to do to make a profit; rinse and repeat. This same rule works in reverse if someone is trying
to avoid losing money on an investment. If shares of an overvalued stock are owned and the price is
expected to decline, one would

The Stock Of A Company
Accounting
Name:
Institution:
Course:
Date:
Chapter 14
Q1: A company can purchase the stock of another company mainly for the purpose of investing their
excess money in a short term, for them to substantially gain control over an essential product from
another company and also as a long term investment strategy for the expansion of the business.
Q2: Marketable securities are classified as short time investments. This is a form of investment that
is made to make an earning through interest that is generated through excess cash within a company.
Q3: Usually three techniques are used. This involves the income, market and asset approach. Market
approach takes into consideration the price and the market transactions for the assets. The income ...
Q6: Par value is very essential for any investing body, this enable them to identify the acceptable
value for the nominal value stated in the certificate for their common stock. This is meant to assure
the investors that no one else will acquire a favourable price after they have made their purchases.
Q7: Consolidated financial statements are prepared because they can be used in the determination of
the financial position of a company, the results due to the operations and factors that could be
affecting its operations.
Q8: Consolidated financial statements can be prepared when a large company takes over a small
company through taking over the control of their interest.
Q9: It essential to make elimination entries when there is a situation such that there s a difference in
the interpretation given for the results at hand. Usually they are not posted to the parent and
subsidiary; this is because the entries may end up being the same when they are recorded to the
parent ledgers, a situation that can be very confusing.
Q10: A parent company can pay more than the given book value when the good will available hasn't
been recorded, when the liabilities have been overvalued. It may pay less in situations where the
equity of the stock holders has been undervalued.
Problem A
2010 DR CR
Mar. 21 Trading on

Stock Valuation
LECTURE
STOCK VALUATION 1. Common stock valuation A share of common stock is more difficult to
value in practice than a bond, for at least three reasons. First, with common stock, not even the
promised cash flows are known in a advance. Second, the life of the investment is essentially
forever, since common stock has no maturity. Third, there is no way to easily observe the rate of
return that the market requires. Nonetheless, as we will see, there are cases in which we can come
up with the present value of the future cash flows for a share of stock and thus determine its value.
Cash Flows Imagine that you are considering buying a share of stock today. You plan to sell the
stock in one year. You somehow know that the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
From Chapter 6 (Example 6.7), we know that the dividend on a share of preferred stock has zero
growth and thus is constant through time. For a zero growth share of common stock, this implies
that: D1 = D2 = D3 = D = constant So, the value of the stock is:
|P0= |
If the dividend grows at a steady rate, then we have replaced the problem of forecasting an infinite
number of future dividends with the problem of coming up with a single growth rate, a considerable
simplification. In this case, if we take D0 to be the dividend just paid and g to be the constant
growth rate, the value of a share of stock can be written as:
|P0= |D1 |+ |D2 |+ |D3 |+... | |
| |(1+R)1 | |(1+R)2 | |(1+R)3 | | |
|= |D0(1+g)1 |+ |D0(1+g)2 |+ |D0(1+g)3 |+... | |
| |(1+R)1 | |(1+R)2 | |(1+R)3 | | |
As long as the growth rate, g, is less than the discount rate, r, the present value of this series of cash
flows can be written very simply as:
|P0= |D0(1+g) |= |D1

Stock Dividend
Stock dividend * Definition: * A corporate distribution to shareholders declared out of profits, at the
discretion of the directors of the corporation, which is paid in the form of shares of stock, as
opposed to money, and increases the number of shares. * A dividend paid as additional shares of
stock rather than as cash. If dividends paid are in the form of cash, those dividends are taxable.
When a company issues a stock dividend, rather than cash, there usually are not tax consequences
until the shares are sold. * Explanation:
When a corporation declares a stock dividend, it adds undivided profits, which cannot be used to
pay dividends, to the capital invested in the corporation, to reflect the additional shares it is ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
So, if the expectations do not fulfill then the confidence of the investors may go down. Therefore,
the share prices may further go down. * There is basically no relation between the performance of a
company and stock split. So the companies will waste time if they wait for a stock split.
* Effects:
A share split will result in all shareholders holding more shares in the company. However, the
STAKE in the nominal value of the company per share will remain the same (the share 's portion in
the share capital). The nominal value per share will decrease. Each new share will carry the same
rights as the pre–reverse–split shares (including voting rights and dividend entitlements).
* Preconditions:
A stock split requires Shareholder approval at an Annual General Meeting pursuant to the Board 's
proposal. The proposal includes a resolution on a change in the articles of association with regards
to the highest and lowest number of shares that may be issued.
* Dates for stock splits:
When dealing with transformations on stock splits, an investor needs to consider 2 dates:
Exdate and Record date:
* The EXDATE is the date at which the shares are trading at post–split prices. * The RECORD
DATE is used by the custodian to establish whom to debit and credit the shares from and to.

Depending on the market (country) the dates will be set in different ways. There are two main
principles: * Exdate driven markets: In

Stock Market and Stock Option Plan
Should the company implement the proposed employee stock option plan? In a typical stock option
plan, the employee is offered a specific number of shares which he/she can exercise (buy) at some
specified time in the future. The price at which the employee can buy the stock is equal to the
market price at the time the stock option was granted (grant price). The employee 's gain is equal to
the market value of the stock at the time it is exercised, less the grant price. If the market price of
the stock remains the same or decreases relative to the grant price, then the stock option is
worthless. Stock options are typically offered to managers, most technical individual contributors
and about half of the other professionals. Smaller ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Risk that would scare off a shareholder is a matter of indifference to an option holder. This may lead
management taking too much risk as the upside to taking the risk gives high paybacks whereas there
is virtually no downside. In THTF, other measures need to be put into place to make sure of the
interests' alignment before implement stock options compensation. Employees From the employee's
point of view, receiving stock options is a huge benefit as the employee can reap financial success
from the firm. But is it really so? The executives may suffer from the more volatility then the market
as they are too under diversified with their stake too over concentrated in a firm. Employees should
not put their eggs – instruments and salary – into one basket. Thus, this will lead to the undervaluing
of options by the employees. This shows that options are wasted on employees. Market Paranoia
Stock options compensation may also lead to the market being deeply suspicious of the corporation.
When top executives are paid in stock options compensation, they get huge compensation packages
which are hidden away from public scrutiny. Furthermore, stock options also dilute shareholders.
Management may also manipulate the market before the stock options grant date to get a better deal
for themselves which would lead to excess volatility. Thus, having stock options compensation may
lead to distrust

The Stock Market And Stock Exchange
paper will encompass the importance of the U.S stock market/stock exchange versus the Chinese
stock market/ stock exchange, with a brief introduction about how each stock market/stock
exchange came into existence, the importance of each stock market/stock exchange, how the U.S
and Chinese manage their stock markets/stock exchange, how corporations are appointed plus the
rules and regulations. This will also entail random facts about each stock market/stock exchange.
Stock markets are like hitting a royal flush, if the price of your stocks goes up, you win; if it drops,
you lose! The stock market, also known as the equity market, is one in which shares are owned by
companies and their shareholders. The companies that are on the stock ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
They are basically the eyes and ears to their clients stocks.
The stock market plays an important role in the growth of the industry, plus in the
business/marketing of the country that can eventually affect the economy of the country as a whole.
This is important because all companies rely on the stock market as a primary source to raise funds.
Till this day the government and region banks keep a close look at the ups and downs of the stock
market. The stock market is only important to the people that invest in it, meaning they invest their
money in real estates, mutual fund or money market funds, purchased bonds and/or purchased
shares of a company (usually traded publicity or OTC). If one does not invest in the stock market
anything that affects this economy situation does nothing to them.
Whenever companies need more money to open new business they either take out a financial loan or
they have to present and issue their shares on the stock markets. Instead of a company raising capital
for a business they can in–return issue shares because they have part ownership of the company.
This is all considered to be the primary role of the stock market. The secondary role of the stock
market is a market that plays an important role as the basic stool step for both, buyers and sellers to
interact in exchange for shares. It is where investors go to buy and sell stocks that are to be traded
on the market exchange.
The United States Securities

Stock Market Stock Analysis
At the end of the stock market game the stocks that I own was Amazon, Wal–Mart, AutoZone, Ford,
Kohls, Toyota, Coca–Cola, and O'Reilly. These stocks have done good since I have bought them.
These stocks had their ups and down throughout the whole game, but although they didn't have it
that bad . They may have gained money, but, they also, losted money at the same time. Also, there
were days where the stock price went up and down since there were people out there that was
willing to pay for the stock at a higher price, but there were others that didn't think it was worth it at
a higher price.
Some of the other stocks that I owned at different times in the stock market game was AT&T,
Verizon, Disney, Mcdonald's, Nikes, and Home Depot. I made the decision to get rid of these stocks
because they were having me to lose more money then I was gaining from them. At the end of
having these stocks I losted more money then what I bought them for.
Some of the stocks that I should have bought more of was Amazon, and Wal–Mart. Even though I
should have bought more of these two stock; I didn't for one reason, because I wanted to see how
the other stocks will do. These two have made the most this past month than any of the others did. ...
As time when on I could see where I was struggling to make anything off of different companies.
Throughout the whole game I feel like I did good and bad. At the beginning of the game I did
horrible like there's wasn't any hope at all, but, nevertheless, I figured out which ones to invest into.
After figuring out which ones to invest more into helped out a lot since then I started to do good.
The things I could have done differently to be more successfully are try to figure out which ones to
invest into at the beginning of the game and then bought more of the better stocks that was doing
better than the

Preferred Stocks
Background
Hearts 'R Us ("Hearts"), a young private research and development medical device company, sold
$3.5 million of its Series A Preferred Shares on November 30, 2011 to Bionic Body ("Bionic"). This
transaction gave the company enough financing for their heart valve system which they hope will
revolutionize the way heart valve defects are repaired. In order to make this product available for
sale they need a final approval by the FDA. The shares sold to Bionic have a par value of $1 per
share and the purchase has given Bionic the following five rights:
Board rights
Mandatory Conversion Right
Contingent Redemption Right
Additional Protective Rights
Right of First Refusal and Co–Sale Rights
After Year 4, Hearts is still in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Thornton's guidance, he provides a series of tests that Hearts can use to decide how to treat the
preferred shares. The figure below belongs to Thornton's article.
1. Are the Preferred Shares redeemable?
Yes
2.Does the redemption feature provide a debt–like return?
No
Although Preferred Stock purchase agreement includes a contingent redemption right, it
immediately fails the debt–like feature test. Bionic did not lend money to Hearts, and Hearts does
not incur interest expense. Also, Conceptual Framework 6 suggests "preferred stock also often has
both debt and equity characteristics, and some preferred stocks may effectively have maturity
amount and dates at which they must be redeemed for cash." This quote indicates that it is to the
accountant's best judgement.
By following the the Thornton's series of tests and the codification, Team 6 recommends Alternative
A(1), classify the preferred shares in the equity section of the balance sheet.
Alternative A(2) According to the same ASC 25–16, Hearts could classify it in the debt section
because 25–16 states that classifying preferred stock as a debt instrument is more common. For
example, one characteristic of the preferred share is Bionic's Rights. The board, mandatory
conversion, contingent redemption, and other rights could qualify a characteristic of a liability, "The

Stock Valuation Walmart
Stock Valuation Project
Wal–Mart Retail begins. Before opening Wal–Mart, Sam Walton, traveled the United States to study
everything he could about discount retailing. Walton became convinced that American consumers
wanted a new type of store. With this vision Walton and his wife Helen placed 95 percent of the
capital for their first Wal–Mart store in Rogers, Arkansas. Within five years, the company expanded
to 24 stores across Arkansas and reached $12.6 million in sales; in 1968 it opened its first store
outside of Arkansas in Sikeston, Missouri and, Claremore Oklahoma.
Wal–Mart specializes in the operation of merchandise stores. It began trading stock as a publicly
held company on October 1, 1970. In 1972 stock was offered for the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Second the company operates under a very advance information technology. Wal–Mart is able to
manage its products around the whole world and enables their management staff to take quick
effective decisions. Towards his stock valuation, historical prices determine that Wal–Mart's stock is
a relative stable investment; the stock is built for long term investments.
The economic downturn, which started in 2000, continued throughout 2001 and it resulted in one of
the most unpleasant years for US retailers. However, in 2001, traditional retailers found themselves
at the advantage of becoming dominant online retailers. But high unemployment rate (about
400,000 lost jobs in 2001) pushed down potential sales as consumer spending was severely affected.
Wal–Mart has several competitive advantages against its competitors (such as
Target, Kmart, Costco and other smaller retailers,
1. Wal–Mart has a very ambitious stores expansion plan.
2. Wal–Mart also has extensive experience in procurement (logistics) and information systems.
These two important factors enable Wal–Mart to lower its cost of sales and provide lower prices to
its customers.
3. Smaller retailers would encounter some problems regarding higher rate of rent on shops, where it
does not affect Wal–Mart in this area.
4. Wal–Mart also offers its products online. Wal–Mart possesses critical advantage in this area,
because it has solid background in retail industry.
The

Stock Market
In the modern time, the competitive business world seems to be more serious than previously. The
main aim of business strategy is creating the benefit in trade and also reducing some of its
limitations. Furthermore, another strategy that is applied to the modern business world is to link the
economic globalization such as in order to become a listed company on the stock market. We can
see lots of advantages by listed companies compared to private companies such as financial stability
or are more opportunities to do business. It is an absolutely interesting that the top biggest
companies in the world, (by top 100 companies) are all listed on the Stock Market, such as Wal–
mart stores the biggest companies by 2010 (Fortune global 500, 2010) ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
In addition, other points that were attracting foreign partners and also opening opportunities for
business development and modernisation, because the trend of a globalised economy is having
strong, complementary, strategic businesses ally this adds to a firm's competitiveness, described by
(Pagano,Randl and Ailsa, 2001).
Moreover, that it enhances the brand name, adds value to the company and also make more
opportunity to make the firm a global brand with well known companies and also business.
Furthermore, the listing companies have more opportunity to greatly increase a capital investment,
also a higher standard of accounting and audit of relevant agencies then the public relations is
another way to build confidence on the company's as well (Pagano,Randl and Ailsa, 2001).
On the other hand, (The Stock Exchange Market of Thailand, 2008), it described the benefit that
impact to shareholders, because listed company has under the rules and regulations governing
securities trading and also guarantee that investors or shareholders have equal access to the
information. Moreover, investors can find a potential buyer more easily because their stocks are
more marketable. Furthermore, holding shares that can be exchanged for cash in a short time
became one of the choices to invest their money.
The Best Way to Build a Modern Business?
How to

Stock Split
EFFECTS OF STOCK SPLIT
Introduction
The purpose of this research paper is information retrieval regarding stock split practice in a modern
stock market, its major reasons and valuation effects on the company's financial position.
According to the definition stock split is a method commonly used to lower the market price of a
firm's stock by increasing the number of shares belonging to each shareholder. Companies are able
to split their stocks in any number of ways. The most common stock splits are, 2–for–1, 3–for–2 and
3–for–1. For example, if you own 100 shares of a company that trades at $100 a share and it
declares a 2–for–1 stock split, you will own a total of 200 shares at $50 a share after the split. It is
also possible to have a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For example, one year ago a single share of Berkshire Hathaway cost around $101,000 per share
and was the first stock to ever hit a six–digit share price. Berkshire Hathaway is not going to split
their stocks and not interesting to make the price more affordable for small investors because these
stocks are not for common people. These stocks are designed for very wealthy investors.
As we can see from Figure 1, through one year the price of Berkshire Hathaway's shares increase for
approximately 48,000 per share.
Figure 1. BRK–A, 2007. Thus, in spite of fact that price of these stocks is awfully high, investors
still buy it because it has been increasing from year to year.
Reverse Stock Split
A reverse split reduces the number of outstanding shares and should instantly lift a stock's price. For
example, a stock trading at $1 that is reverse split 1–for–5 should rise to $5 while the company's
market value and underlying fundamentals are unchanged. Investors own fewer shares, but their
value stays the same. So, it really depends on the substance of the stock behind the stock. And it is
right that most reverse splits turn out badly. Most times, a reverse split is done because the shares
have fallen down into the penny stock category (below $5 per share) that threatens their ability to
remain listed on an exchange. Nasdaq requires that a

The Stock Market And Stock Exchange
This paper will encompass the importance of the U.S stock market/stock exchange versus the
Chinese stock market/ stock exchange, with a brief introduction about how each stock market/stock
exchange came into existence, the importance of each stock market/stock exchange, how the U.S
and Chinese manage their stock markets/stock exchange, how corporations are appointed plus the
rules and regulations. This will also entail random facts about each stock market/stock exchange.
Stock markets are like hitting a royal flush, if the price of your stocks goes up, you win; if it drops,
you lose! The stock market, also known as the fairness market, is one in which shares are owned by
companies and their shareholders. The companies that are on the stock market, its stocks are issued
and traded publicly, through either exchanges or over–the–counter markets. The stock market is
considered to be one of the most critical components of a gratuitous–market economy that provides
companies with access to dominance in exchange for giving investor's the opportunity to have some
type of possession of the company. The stock market gives those the power to invest monies, and to
capitalize on their gains. This in return can bring about wealth to some without having to take a
financial risk in starting up a new business.
The U.S stock market came into existence on May 17, 1792 followed by the stock exchange coming
into existence on March 8, 1817, at Wall Street, lower Manhattan, New York City, New

Stock Market
MBA 513– Enron's Demise– Were there warning signs?
Enron's stock price traded around $62.72 per share at the end of April 2001. Do you think Enron
was worth that much? Why or why not?,
answer:
In order value stocks one has to understand the possible future earnings of the company represented
as earning per share. Since Enron has not quality financial representations, those figures are not easy
to identify.
Relying on big financial intuitions' data we may come up with a stock value which would be a
conservative one and compare it with the actual stock value of $62.72 per share.
For calculating stock value one has to find out all possible future earnings of the company. As the
second step all the future earnings should be ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
| 29,40 | 0,21 | –9,19 | –9,80 | –10,50 | –11,31 | –12,25 | –13,36 | –24,50 | –147,00 | 36,75 | 0,22 | –
8,65 | –9,19 | –9,80 | –10,50 | –11,31 | –12,25 | –21,00 | –73,50 | 49,00 | 0,23 | –8,17 | –8,65 | –9,19 |
–9,80 | –10,50 | –11,31 | –18,38 | –49,00 | 73,50 | 0,24 | –7,74 | –8,17 | –8,65 | –9,19 | –9,80 | –10,50 |
–16,33 | –36,75 | 147,00 |
To sum up, there has to physiological effects for the analysts who value company at unrealistically.
Earnings per share value lacks the debts that should be coming from special purpose entities.
Therefore acquiring profits but eliminating debts did cause unexplained growth data for the

Stock and Company
Which classification system is available with EQS as a criteria for your screen of equities? –All the
Above
On what screen is it possible to generate a printable report detailing background information and
basic financial data for a specific company? –DES
Which of the following functions allows you to view historic end of day pricing for a security? –I
and IV
Which function on Bloomberg displays all 4 of the following:
I. Shares outstanding
II. 1 Yr. Total Return
III. Company Address
IV. Company Description
–DES
Within the equity screening functionality, it is possible to create and use custom formulas as part of
a screening search. –True
Which function will allow the user to chart the consensus analyst rating against ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
–N and click on stocks
Which of the following functions give you direct access to company filings for full transparency to
the financeial statements?
I. CF
II. DES
III. FA
IV. EEO –I and III onl
S
F
Sf
F
S
F
Gs
Df
H

S
Fg
S
F
H
Sdf
Sgd
Fg
Sd fgsdfffffffffffffffffffffgy Which classification system is available with EQS as a criteria for your
screen of equities? –All the Above
On what screen is it possible to generate a printable report detailing background information and
basic financial data for a specific company? –DES
Which of the following functions allows you to view historic end of day pricing for a security? –I
and IV
Which function on Bloomberg displays all 4 of the following:
I. Shares outstanding
II. 1 Yr. Total Return
III. Company Address
IV. Company Description
–DES
Within the equity screening functionality, it is possible to create and use custom formulas as part of
a screening search. –True
Which function will allow the user to chart the consensus analyst rating against the stock price? –
ANS
Bloomberg 's Consensus Rating system offers an convenient way for users to get a quick
understanding of sell–side analyst expectations of a company 's future stock movement. If a
company shows a consensus rating of 4.7 on the function {ANR}, what can this tell us about sell–
side expectations of the stock? –Very Bullish
ÓÅÇ ÓÄí
How does one pull up Top news headlines only related to

Undervalued Stocks
Are you sure you know what undervalued stocks really are and how these work?
These stocks are the ones that are selling lower than what their intrinsic financial value should be. It
is actually a company's strategic way to attract potential investors, because these undervalued stocks
have, in fact, a higher cash flow potential than the true value of the stocks.
Did you know that companies that offer these have many assets?
These companies usually do not deal with high technology, which can become outdated overnight.
These companies did not suffer losses due to recessions.
They are not involved in financial scandals.
They have a stable earnings past.
An excellent stock at a good price will more likely be undervalued when compared with a poor ...
So how can we find these stocks?
Although purchasing undervalued stocks is a great strategy for reaping good profits from the
market, the stocks are actually difficult to find. You really need a good strategy and some tangible
inside information.
To find these, you should start by analyzing metrics, such as price–to–book values. This analysis
will help you get a clearer picture of which stocks or fields will most likely offer a better
performance in the long run, although they are now considered undervalued.
This price–to–book ratio (P/B) will tell you how much the investors are prepared to pay for
individual company stocks. You will be looking at the ratio values; thus, a stock with a high ratio
will be the more expensive one.
Before you invest in such stocks, you need to conduct some serious technical analysis.
When you have an idea about an undervalued stock that you intend to buy, examine the company's
balance sheet closely. If the company has management problems, avoid investing in them!
Check the company's profit to earnings (P/E) ratio, which is very important and will give you the
true value of the undervalued stock you are interested in. When the P/E of desired stocks is lower

than those of other companies in the same field, then you probably have winning deals at hand.
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Stock and Bond
Allie measured her foot and it was 21cm long, and then she measured her Mother's foot, and it was
24cm long. "I must have big feet, my foot is nearly as long as my Mom's!" But then she thought to
measure heights, and found she is 133cm tall, and her Mom is 152cm tall. In a table this is: Allie
Mom Length of Foot: 21cm 24cm Height: 133cm 152cm The "foot–to–height" ratio in fraction style
is: Allie: 21 133 Mom: 24 152 So the ratio for Allie is 21 : 133 By dividing both values by 7 we get
21/7 : 133/7 = 3 : 19 And the ratio for Mom is 24 : 152 By dividing both values by 8 we get 24/8 :
152/8 = 3 : 19 The simplified "foot–to–height" ratios are now: Allie: 3 19 Mom: 3 19 "Oh!" she
said, "the Ratios are the same". "So my foot is ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For citation guidelines, please refer to the table in the APA Style section of the syllabus. Reply to at
least two posts. Responses can be made to students or to your instructor. Responses to other
individuals' posts should: Expand on their ideas. Discuss the differences between your thoughts and
theirs. Explain why you agree or disagree.
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To post your main response to this topic, click the blue Respond button below. To respond to a
classmate or your instructor, click the blue Respond button below his/her post.
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Respond This section lists options that can be used to view responses. Expand All Collapse All Print
View Show Options Hide Options Select: All None Unread Read Inverse Mark selected as: Read
Unread View Selected View All Responses Responses are listed below in the following order:
response, author and the date and time the response is posted. Sort by Read/Unread Sort by
Response Sorted Ascending, click to sort descending Sort by Author Sort by Date/Time* Collapse
Mark as Read WELCOME TO WEEK 9!!!!!! Instructor Drakopoulou 9/7/2013 9:26:59 AM Our
Week 9 discussion begins today. When posting your main response, be sure that you address all

Stock and Percent
How to Value Bonds
1. What is the present value of a 10–year, pure discount bond paying $1,000 at maturity if the
appropriate interest rate is:
a. 5 percent? b. 10 percent? c. 15 percent?
2. Microhard has issued a bond with the following characteristics:
Principal: $1,000 Time to maturity: 20 years Coupon rate: 8 percent, compounded semiannually
Semiannual payments
Calculate the price of this bond if the stated annual interest rate, compounded semiannually, is:
a. 8% b. 10% c. 6%
3. Consider a bond with a face value of $1,000. The coupon payment is made semiannually and the
yield on the bond is 12% (effective annual yield). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
a. The closing price of the bond with the shortest time to maturity is $1,000. b. The annual coupon
for the bond maturing in 2018 is $90.00. c. The price on the day before this quotation (February 9)
for the AT&T bond maturing in 2024 is $1,075 per bond contract. d. The current yield on the AT&T
bond maturing in 2004 is 7.125 percent. e. The AT&T bond maturing in 2004 has a yield to maturity
of less than 7.125 percent.
|Bonds |Current Yield |Volume |Close |Net Change |
|ATT 9s 18 |? |10 |117 |+ 1/4 |
|ATT 5 1/8 03 |? |5 |100 |+ 3/4 |
|ATT 7 1/8 04 |? |193 |104 1/8 |+ 1/4 |
|ATT 8 1/8 24 |? |39 |107 3/8 |– 1/8 |
12. The following are selected quotations from the Wall Street Journal on Friday, April 23, 2002.
Which of the following statements about Wilson's bond are false?
a. The bond maturing in 2003 has a yield to maturity greater than 6 3/8 percent. b. The closing price

of the bond with the shortest time to maturity on the day before the quotation is $1,003.25. c. The
annual

Common Stock And Preferred Stock Essay
First: Equity
Common Stock and Preferred Stock are both methods of purchasing equity in a business entity.
Common stock generally carries voting rights along with it, while preferred shares generally do not.
Preferred shares act like a hybrid security, in between common stock and holding debt. Preferred
stock can (depending on the issue) be converted to common stock and have access to accumulated
dividends and multiple other rights. Preferred stock also has access to dividends and assets in the
case of liquidation before common stock does. Second :Debt
Debt can be "purchased" from a company in the form of a bond.
A bond is a financial security that represents a promise by a company or government to repay a
certain amount, with interest, to the bondholder.
# Bonds and stocks are both securities, but the major difference between the two is that (capital)
stockholders have an equity stake in the company (i.e., they are owners), whereas, bondholders have
a creditor stake in the company (i.e., they are lenders). Another difference is that bonds usually have
a defined term, or maturity, after which the bond is redeemed, whereas stocks may be outstanding
indefinitely
Source: Boundless. "Comparing Common Stock, Preferred Stock, and Debt." Boundless Finance.
Boundless, 21 Jul. 2015. Retrieved 27 Apr. 2016 from

Stock Market Game Paper
Stock Market Game The first step when partaking in any type of a game is to decide what one's
strategy will be. The strategy that I had to determine was what my investment philosophy was going
to be. In this game, my willingness to take risk was greater than it would have been if we would
have been using real currency. My risk tolerance would fall between moderate and aggressive. An
investment philosophy is one's approach to tolerance for risk in investments. It may be conservative
which means you accept very little risk and are generally rewarded with relatively low rates of
return. Another investment philosophy is moderate also known as risk indifference, this means one
accepts some risk as they seek capital gains through slow and steady growth. Lastly, one may have
an aggressive investment philosophy or be more of a risker seeker. Often times, people strive for a
very high return by accepting a high level of risk. Going into the game, we were informed that like
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
I was confident that I would see an increase in stock price due to Black Friday shopping. I decided
to invest stock in Wal–Mart Stores, Inc. which operates in both retail and wholesale business. Sam's
Club, Walmart international, and Walmart US are the business segments that it operates under. Wal–
Mart Stores Inc. has nearly 14.69 billion dollars in net income; however, from 10/17/16 to 12/08/16
its stock price only increased by 2%. The Monday following Black Friday, the stock price was only
at $71.19. A company that did not perform as I expected was Starbucks. Initially, I bought stock on
10/19/16 priced at $53.28. On 11/10/16, I decided to sell the stock while I was still able to break
even. The stock was priced at $53.57. Starbucks Corp manufactures and sells coffee and tea all over
the world. If I would have endured throughout the last few weeks, stock price for Starbucks would
only have increased $5.00 or

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