Unidad 4 1º ESO El tiempo atmosférico

1. UNIDAD 4: EL TIEMPO
ATMOSFÉRICO
¿CÓMO INFLUYE EN NUESTRAS VIDAS?

4. - La atmósfera se divide en
diferentes capas, con límites
no muy precisos. Desde el
suelo al espacio son:
- Troposfera.
- Estratosfera.
- Mesosfera.
- Termosfera.
- Exosfera.
En la troposfera se
originan los fenómenos
que determinan el
tiempo atmosférico.

5. - La atmósfera regula la temperatura del planeta. Las
corrientes de aire facilitan el intercambio de energía.
- También actúa como escudo ecológico protector de la
troposfera.
- Una de sus capas, la estratosfera, contiene ozono, un
gas que impide que lleguen a la superficie terrestre los
rayos ultravioletas, perjudiciales para los seres vivos.
- Además, la atmósfera también nos protege frente al
impacto de cuerpos, como los meteoritos, procedentes
del espacio exterior.
- Por último, produce los procesos meteorológicos,
como la lluvia o el viento.
- Cualquier cambio en la atmósfera, como los que
producen las actividades de los seres humanos, afecta
a todas las criaturas que viven en el planeta.

6. LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE
• TROPOSPHERE. IT contains most of the oxygen we breathe, as well as
water vapour, suspended dust and pollution. Commercial planes fly in
this layer.
• STRATOSPHERE. It contains the ozone layer, wich absorbs the Sun’s
ultraviolet rays and filters out radiation. Balloons, wich are used to
observe the Earth, fly in this layer.
• MESOSPHERE. The temperature here reaches -80ºC. Meteorites break up
in this layer, appearing as shooting stars.
• THERMOSPHERE. It recieves the Sun’s rays directly and is very hot. It
includes the ionosphere, where the aurora borealis occurs.
• EXOSPHERE. The concentration of gases decreases until 2.000 km, the

8. THE HOLE IN THE OZONE LAYER
- In the last few decades, the
increase in the emission of
harmful gases caused by human
activity has caused global
warming and made a hole in the
ozone layer.
- The hole allows harmful
ultraviolet rays to reach certain
parts of the Earth’s surface.
- The hole is mostly above the
Antartic but its effects can be

19. TYPES OF PRECIPITATION
- DEW: cold temperatures cuase drops of water to form
on leaves and other surfaces.
- FOG: small water drops create a cloud-like layer near
the ground that reduces visiblity.
- HAIL: precipitation of irregular balls of ice than are
bigger than rain drops.
- FROST: A very thin layer of ice is formed when water
vapour freezes.

20. REPRESENTATION OF
RAINFALL
The distribution of
rainfall on the planet
is shown using
isohyets maps
(mapas de isoyetas).
Isohyets are
imaginary lines wich
join points on the
surface of the Earth
wich get the same

27. 5. La presión
atmosférica- El peso o la fuerza del aire sobre la superficie terrestre.
- Depende de la altitud (a mayor altura menor presión), de
la temperatura del aire y de potentes corrientes de aire:
las corrientes jet (recordar el Jet Stream o Corriente en
chorro).
- Según sea la temperatura del aire podemos diferenciar:
- AIRE CALIENTE: es poco denso y pesado, por eso
tiende a subir y originar un área de Bajas presiones
(BP): Borrasca o depresión.
- AIRE FRIO: es más denso y pesado y tiende a bajar.
Origina áreas de Altas presiones (AP): Anticiclones.

30. ANTICYCLONES AND
DEPRESSIONS
- We represent anticyclones
and depressions on maps
using isobars. Isobars are
lines that connect areas on
the Earth’s surface that have
the same pressure.
- The pressure at sea level is
1013 hectopascals (hPa). In
areas of high pressure, the
pressure is above 1013 hPa.
In areas of low pressure, the
pressure is below 1013 hPa.

31. 6. CLIMATE CHANGE
- The climate has always been in a continous state of natural
transformation between cold a hot periods. Atmospheric
conditions, variations in the Earth’s orbit around the Sun
and volcanic eruptions all affect the climate.
- The greenhouse effect is a result of energy-absorbing gases
(such as water vapour, carbon dioxide or methane) stopping
heat from escaping into outer space and maintaining an
adequate temperature for life on Earth.
- However, humans are also responsible for altering the
climate. The continuous emission of greenhouse gases by
industry, vehicles or heating is causin global warming. This
affects human life and put the natural balance of things at

32. THE CONSEQUENCES OF CLIMATE
CHANGE
Increase in
ocean
temperatures
. Warm
seawater
evaporates
easily,
leading to
intense rain
and floods.
Rise in sea
levels. This is
due to the
melting of
continental
ice, causing
damage to
coastal areas.
Changes to
ecosystems.
Changes in
the
environment
put the
survival of
many
species at
risk.
Prolonged
periods of
drought.
Theses
cause
securuty
problems.
Increase in
fires. This
causes
numerous
plants and
animals to
disappear.

33. REVIEW
- Look for information on the Internet about an
animal or plant species that is changing its
way of life because of climate change. Write a
short report, which includes theses
questiones:
1. How has climate change affected how they
live?
2. What changes have they made as result of