The Dust Bowl was an environmental disaster that hit the midwest in the 1930s due to a severe drought combined with harsh farming techniques. High winds kicked up dry soil that had been exposed after crops failed, creating massive dust storms. The Dust Bowl affected areas from Texas to South Dakota, forcing many farmers out of business after their crops failed and dust buried their fields and homes. It wasn't until 1939 that significant rain finally returned to the region, ending the Dust Bowl.