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Methods and Madness
market research methods, tools and
techniques
http://methodsandmadness.co.uk/contact/
2Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Share methods, tools and techniques
Break the secrecy surrounding
techniques
Portfolio of tools and techniques
What approach, methods, tools and
techniques to apply?
Breakthrough and reveal insight
Aim of the
training
Walk away with a toolbox of
tools and techniques, methods
and approaches you can call
upon in the future.
3Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
TODAY
Foundation
Design Method Platforms
Approaches Techniques Tools
Screener and
Discussion
Guide
Moderation
Analysis Delivery
Quick overview
10% of potential tools
and techniques and
approaches.
300+ methods, tools
techniques and approaches
5Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Why tools
and
techniques
Lack of engagement
6Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Why tools
and
techniques
Low participant engagement
Shorter attention spans
Boredom or switch off
Breakthrough to truth
Insight reveal
7Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Messy, chaotic
THE PROBLEM WITH QUAL, IS IT
CAN BE VERY MESSY AND OFTEN
RELIES ON CREATIVE
CONCEPTUAL THINKING AND
INTUITION.
PEOPLE TEND TO HIDE THE
TRUTH, WILL TELL YOU WHAT
THEY THINK YOU WANT TO
HEAR.
Methods and
Madness
Human factor
People tend to
hide the truth…
8Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Tools and
techniques to
help you
breakout and
breakthrough
Get through to the truth
‘it’s about being creative and innovative, coming
up with solutions to solve business problems’
9Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Techniques for the
sake of techniques
Blind leading the blind
Square peg in a round hole
It’s not all about
focus groups, or your
research product.
It’s about?
Insight
10Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Qual comes with a health
warning
WHY
Depth of understanding
Explorative
Not statistically valid
Evidence enough?
Providing solutions – methods designed to
interrogate and answer the question
11Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
FOCUS
Primary
Methods
Approaches
Techniques
Tools
Are a mixture of methods, tools and
techniques used to tackle a
research objective/business aim.
These are the fundamental
qualitative methods from which
most other research derives from.
Are applications or specific
approaches typically used within
the primary methods.
Are exercises that can be used to
deliver a specific outcome or
feedback, useful to the research
objectives.
12Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Latitudes of
methods
Primary
Methods
Approaches
Techniques
Tools
Method + technique + tools
+ platform = research solution
Focus group or IDI
Cocreation or projection
Quant technique applied as Qual
‘think and say’ or ‘collage’ exercise
13Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
FIRST
Foundation
Design
Platforms
Building a foundation of
understanding through grounded
theory and immersion
Deciding which methods, tools
and techniques to will deliver best
results, and breakthrough to
reveal new insights?
What platform will be most
appropriate and effective?
Different techniques will be
dropped in, in the above
modules as well as the
techniques module.
Look out for
these technique
summaries.
14Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
tools
techniques
approaches
Primary
methods
What is the best approach?...
Foundational
(design, platforms)
Combination of
methods
(techniques) Specific
applications
Facilitate
research
…for this therapy,
treatment,
disease,
patient or
physician profile?
15Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Must have a foundation of
best practice and due
diligence in the design
• Respondent duty of care
• Personal identity
• Regulations
• Compliance
• Ethics
• GDPR
• Guidelines
• Industry standards
• Adverse event reporting
16Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
DESIGN
Foundation
Design Method Platforms
Approaches Techniques Tools
Screener and
Discussion
Guide
Moderation
Analysis Delivery
The fundamentals of
good Qual research
17Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
design
CLARIFY
PROBLEM
IMMERSION HYPOTHESIS SAMPLE
18Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Grounded Theory
Construction of theories through methodical
gathering of information into themes/ideas and
providing depth of understanding.
1
Data Gathering
• Online searches
• Reports and academic studies
• Market data
• Magazine articles
2
Immersion
• ‘Eat the pies’
• Field visits – shop/buy
• Talk to a specialist
• Blogs and YouTube
Exploratory?
19Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Immersion
“and then I decided I was a lemon for a
couple of weeks.” ― Douglas Adams, Life,
the Universe and Everything
It’s not only about studying
and internet searching
It’s ethnographic, get
involved, absorbing
involvement.
Have a go and dive right in.
Talk to all the stakeholders
Internet and literature searching
20Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Explorative
qual
Used to help navigate future research
and identify the key attributes and
issues likely to be faced in the business
problem or key question.
It’s an aid to immersion, but tends to be
a planned and structured activity. Also
used to provide content to quantitative
questionnaires.
•Short focus group with the primary suspects
(target audience). Open questions with off-the-
cuff probing.
Short focus
group
• Short interview with subject expert or
professional.
Expert
interview
•Visiting a related venue and asking advice: how
to, what’s best etc.Casual advice
•Observing suspects: fashion, eating, behaviours
and people watching. Can often involve initial
ethnographic approaches.
Observation
•Joining a patient blog (but with permission, full
disclosure)Blogging
•Used to provide language, attributes and
context to Quant as well as testing
questionnaires.
Piloting
Delivers direction and focus
TECHNIQUE
Seek legal advice
21Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
METHOD
Foundation
Design Method Platforms
Approaches Techniques Tools
Screener and
Discussion
Guide
Moderation
Analysis Delivery
What method/s are
most appropriate?
22Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Many methods and techniques evolving out of IDIs and focus groups
Qualitative
research
ACTIVE
Focus
Groups
Semiotics
Psycho-
graphics
Heuristics
Blog and
Social Net
Research
On-line
focus
groups
Video Vox
Pops
Mystery
Shops
In-depth
interviews
Innovation
workshops
Shopper
Research
Online
Communities
NEW
Autography
Ethnography
23Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
…and many new
tools and techniques.
• Autography
• Online and mobile communities
• Self ethnography
• In the moment
• Life logging
• Web cam qual (not so new, but growing in popularity)
Embryonic
• Web messaging
• Chat bots (Research bots)
• Facial coding
• Gamification
So where do we start?
Ai Qual
24Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Ai Qual utilizes (Q+Q) qual/quant techniques
Ai uses machine and deep learning, by utilizing
artificial neural networks to both speed up
laborious text and content analysis and interpret
the responses. It’s particularly good at using ‘big
qual’ derived from social listening and
quantitative data.
It’s also capable of interacting with respondents
and generating intuitive questions and therefore
conversational moderating and probing.
Advanced Ai is capable of identifying emotions
and by using neurological and biometric
responses as well as psychographic modelling.
Human’s (ethnographers) are still needed to put
outputs into context and understand the analysis
generated by the Ai models.
Artificial neural networks
attempt to simulate the
human brain’s processes.
Ref. Mike Stevens, The Guide to Arti􀃒cial Intelligence for Research & Analytics, 2019
Ai Qual comes in various forms and platforms
There is an ever increasing number of Ai tools and new technologies
being applied to market research.
Human
responses Chatbots
Conversational
feedback
AUTO
Transcription
and translation
Text Content
Analysis
BIG QUAL
Social Listening
ETHNOGRAPHER
Ai Emotion,
Psychographic
modelling
Semiotic and
sentiment
coding
Natural
Language
Processing
Typed
Voice
Facial
Biometrics
Neurological
Machine and deep learning networks
and crowd sourcing techniques
Structured and
unstructured
26Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Mono: Singular In-
depth Interviews
Produces great depth, but
lacks consensus.
Good for specialists, c-suit,
business-to-business, or
difficult to recruit individuals.
Especially good for emotional
depth and complex subject
areas or processes.
Usually one hour in duration
and capable of covering more
subjects than a focus group.
27Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Group: Focus Group discussions
Produces depth and group consensus, but requires a highly
skilled moderator to engage the group and reveal genuine
insights.
Group responses and natural social bias or peer-ship can be
major factors in the conversation. Applying tools and
techniques are useful to negate this effect and help to
breakthrough.
Respondents tend to be overly positive about ideas, concepts
and new products, however clients often can not handle
negative feedback. This therefore needs to be balanced, with a
focus on revealing the truth realistically.
Applied Psychology and cognitive theory plays a big part in any
focus group, especially where emotion, opinion and attitudes
are concerned. Using Projection techniques is by far the most
common approach.
Good for all typologies, especially consumers, although
specialist and business-to-business tend to be smaller groups
or IDIs, due to difficulties with recruitment, attendance and
peer pressure.
Usually 90 minutes to two hours in duration and held in a
central location/viewing facility.
Six to eight respondents (twelve in US), depending on the
nature of the discussion.
28Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
The variations
Large (American) style
groups
12 respondents, includes voting,
covers a wide spectrum, good
for consensus, but some
respondents can be left on the
sidelines
Segment Groups
6-8 respondents, often
belonging to a particular
demographic, lifestyle or user
group. 6 is a good number to get
depth and breadth of opinion.
Triads and Comfort
groups
Useful to deep dive into sensitive
areas, share experiences,
collaboration and support as
well as tasks and feedback and
remote locations
Pairs
Often conducted as friendship
pairs, or exploring symbiotic
relationships, and juxter
opposed positioning ie patient
and caregiver
Workshops and Hall Tests
Useful for discussion by
segment, innovation, cocreation
and ideation exercises. Electronic
voting and concept
development.
Workshop approaches
Hothousing
Ideation
Co-creation
Innovation
Category Sauna
29Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Active groups
We all know that memory is selective and
respondents will often respond in the way
they think you want to hear. By running
groups where the respondent uses and
interacts with the product or activity. We
can get to the truth and reality of
behaviours, attitudes and opinions and are
not reliant on a consumers perceived
memory.
Insulin Pens
Participants take part in product usage and activities along
with in a group discussion.
Ethnography inspired
memory is selective
30Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
In the
moment
Real-time qualitative responses
There are many mobile apps and other online tools
that can be used to capture respondents activities
whilst on the move or engaged in activities.
It’s a good alternative to desktop PC research as is
more convenient and can negate the dependency on
memory as can be conducted real-time whilst the
respondent is engaged in the subject being
researched.
This is particularly useful for retail shopper research
where you can give participants tasks whilst shopping
as well as giving a running commentary on their
footpath whilst in-store and the decisions they are
making on-the-go.
Short easy
tasks
Natural
flow of
activity
In context
of situation
Mobile Chat
system
A regular chat system can be used providing it’s secure
and private, or a system that can hold a discussion
guide. This will require you to be online at the time of
the activity to moderate in real-time.
Some systems allow you to record and video chat at the
same time, those collecting deeper insights.
Alternatively, you could set-up a mobile bulletin board
and respondents are tasked with going online at the
time of the activity. With some bulletin board type
systems they can collect audio, pictures and video of
the activity.
By using Ai crowdsourcing tools, an interactive and
responsive interview can be conducted in real-time by
using a chat bot. Ai systems have the advantage of
being able to evaluate the response and ask reiterative
‘agreement’ questions/responses, thus enabling group
consensus, by crowd sourcing.
If possible, ask in-the-moment, give short
easy tasks and consider the context or
situation in which they’re in. The
responses need to be as natural as
possible without disrupting the natural
flow of the activity.
31Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
observer groups
Mirror groups where the second party
watches and comments on participants, is
useful to understand the dynamics of the
interactions.
Other stakeholders and influencers in the
culture and family circle are interviewed to
gather all perspectives.
Simulated groups is where a situation is re-
enacted under strict ethical controls. Both
parties are interviewed separately following
the exercise to understand the
communication gaps.
Sales Rep – simulated call – Detail Aid
evaluation.
Communication gaps and cultural perspectives
Doctor observes
patient discussion
group and adds
commentary in
backroom
Patients participate in
focus groups, often
commenting on
relationship with Doctor.
Simulated
consultation
Spouse or caregiverGynaecologist and
patient
+
Mirror groups

32Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Understanding
consumer needs
Market
opportunity
Idea generation
Product and
idea prototyping
ideation Idea generation and development
Ideation starts with generating new ideas, followed
by the development stages and usually ending in
prototyping or actualisation. It’s typically part of the
design process. Qualitative methods and techniques
can help facilitate this process, by conducting groups
and workshops with management teams, consumers
and professional business groups. Crowd sourcing,
idea reiteration and using online community panels
have become very popular.
In a focus group format, this usually involves first
understanding the target user/consumer wants and
needs, what might make their life easier and more
enjoyable. What are the unmet needs, unknown and
future needs.
Ideas are usually facilitated by using innovation tools
and techniques – Innovation/ideas tools
INNOVATION
PROCESS
USING INNOVATION TOOLS
TO SPRINGBOARD IDEA
33Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Consumer
experiences
Concept testing
Idea generation
Product and
idea prototyping
cocreation Building ideas collaboratively together
Cocreation workshops are not unlike ideation
groups, only with a mixed group of
stakeholders involved in the product or
service.
These could include:
Clients: Marketers etc
Consumers
Patients
Experts
Doctors
Extreme externals (push the envelope)
COCREATION
PROCESS
Consumers/users and client
marketers work together
Experiential Exercises
(product usage and making)
Important to have
a mix and variety
of participants
34Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
PLATFORMS
Foundation
Design Method Platforms
Approaches Techniques Tools
Screener and
Discussion
Guide
Moderation
Analysis Delivery
What platform is going
to deliver the best
insights?
35Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Several different platforms can be used for IDIs
Mono: Singular In-depth Interviews
Face-to-face?
Tel/VOIP?
Online?
Digital?
BB/Communities?
Operates similar to a focus group, although applying techniques can be less insightful and time consuming.
Requires good person-to-person skills and the ability to follow the flow of natural conversation, at the same
time re-tracking to the discussion guide. These are usually audio recorded and transcripts tend to be long and
can lack structure. The big advantage is material can be shown and body language observed.
The most common form of in-depth interviews. It’s quite cost effective as it negates the need for travel and can
be less intrusive and provides a level of anonymous-ity. It’s particularly useful in cross country studies as can be
performed in different languages. These are usually audio recorded, but transcripts tend to be long and can lack
structure.
Unless synchronous, it lacks spontaneity and the natural flow of conversation. It relies on open questions and
typed in answers and responses can be short and unrevealing, if not moderated. It’s particularly good for very
personal subjects as can be completely anonymous. It’s convenient as respondents can take part at any time of
day and often from mobile.
Either using digital tools and Aps or SMS or Tweeter. It usually relies on continuous feedback to sequential
questions/answers and is somewhat like an open survey. New digital audio technologies are starting to be used,
allowing direct verbal feedback.
Questions are often posted as one-to-one Q&A, but the advantage is that other respondents can see and
observe a response, either adding to or commenting on the content. Material including: Photos, Video and
audio can be posted, by the moderator and the respondent, often eliciting, deeper more insightful feedback and
information gather.
* At the end of the day, nothing beats face-to-face interviews conducted by a skilled interviewer.
36Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Online
communities,
forums and
bulletin boards
• Questions, discussion and exercises pri-uploaded.
Probes following respondent postings.
Timed and synchronous
postings and probes
• Respondents recruited to take part – per day, per
week (up to 6 weeks).
Respondents invited to
take part online
• Operate via postings and responses to postings
Blog forums and Bulletin
Boards
• Discussion moderated in real-time, based on a
discussion guide and live probing.
Synchronous online
groups
• Online video discussion with up to 12 respondents.Video groups
• White board exercises
• Shuffle card sorting
Online tools
• Smartphone exercises and photo/video uploads,
forums, blogs, polls, surveys + +
Online communities
(usually extended
periods)
Operate just like a blog or Facebook page.
There are many hosting platforms, all with
various facilities and tools. These need to be
monitored and moderated on a daily basis,
apart from the synchronous discussions and
video groups. Text based discussion and
open responses with smartphone photo and
video uploads.
Most methods and techniques can be
conducted online. The advantage is the
convenience of asynchronous interviews
across geographies and no need for a
central location (costs).
NB. Feedback is different to face-to-face or
telephone interviews.
Qualitative Online as ‘techniques and approaches’
37Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Social
listening
Understand the emotional language, drivers
and motivators by surfing and collecting
content, developing key themes and what’s
topical.
Social listening: Positive sentiment and by channel
Blogs
Facebook
groups
Support
groups
YouTube
Listening to social media chatter
Is it secondary data used for
a different purpose? Did the
patients give permission for
it’s use?
38Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
APPROACHES
Foundation
Design Method Platforms
Approaches Techniques Tools
Screener and
Discussion
Guide
Moderation
Analysis Delivery
What platform is going
to deliver the best
insights?
39Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
What approach?
Critical decision dictates the success of the research
The design
Method?
Techniques?
Tools?
Which way to go?
40Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Choices
Method
•Mono: Singular
In-depth
Interviews
•Group: Focus
Group
discussions
studies
•Triads and
comfort groups
•Pairs
•Ethnographic:
Observational
•Workshops and
Hall Tests
•Accompanied
Platforms
•Face-to-face
•Tel/VOIP
•Bulletin Board,
forums and
Communities
•Onsite or in-
home or
remote
•Online Chat
•Ai and Crowd
Sourcing
•Digital and
remote
•Technologies
(Cool Tool etc)
Approach
•Explorative
•Singular
•Multiple
•Qual Quant
•Hothousing
•Category sauna
•Category
management
•Consulting
supplement
•Experimental
•Retail
•Social Listening
Techniques
•Behavioural
•Psychographic
•Segmentation
•Concept test
•Laddering
•Needs
Hierarchy
•Heuristic
•Ideation
•Cocreation
•Ethnographic
techniques
•Observation
•Gamification
•Testing
Tools
•Show and tell
•Card sort
•Collage
•Diary
•Scale
•Ideate
•Mapping
•Think and say
•Illustration
•Ethnographic
exercises
•Homework
•Eye tracking
•In the moment
•Streaming
•gestalt
41Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Starts with a group exploring the
category and initial ideas and
concepts are presented.
Client team take feedback from
the first group and rework/refine
ideas and concepts
Reworked and refined ideas are
presented, ranked and rated
Hot housing
Same day exercise
This is a useful method to develop brand and
advertising concepts, advertisements and
product ideas. This can help the client to
understand what works and the messages
respondents get from the ideas presented.
The client team might include their creative
agency, illustrators and copywriters, as well as
marketing and brand management.
42Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Message
optimization
‘storyline’
This approach develops the optimal
storyline or communication. It uses qual to
develop and choose the messages to test.
The messages are then ranked and rated,
followed by a chosen best combination by
placing the preferred messages into their
best story position.
Qual or Quant can then be used to rate the
message combinations by greatest
emotional response and purchase
propensity or call-to-action.
Finally the highest scoring messages need
to be finetuned using Qual.
QUAL Develop and choose
messages
Quant Ranking and rating
best messages
Put together a
storyline: Premise,
promise, proposition
Best emotional
response rating
QUAL Fine tune messages
Premise (insight) Promise (benefits) Proposition (the offer)
Beginning Middle End
*A
*B*C
*D
*K
*E
*X
*F
*H
Ratingscore
Location in time
How to achieve the optimum message test…
A Qual-Quant approach
43Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
TECHNIQUES
Foundation
Design Method Platforms
Approaches Techniques Tools
Screener and
Discussion
Guide
Moderation
Analysis Delivery
Are applications or
specific approaches
typically used within
the primary methods.
44Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
TECHNIQUES
Are applications or
specific approaches
typically used within
the primary methods.
Techniques
•Concept test
•Semiotic
•Gamification
•Segmentation
•Laddering
•Needs
Hierarchy
•In the moment
•Behavioural
•Psychographic
•Heuristic
•Ideation
•Cocreation
•Ethnographic
techniques
•Observation
•Gamification
•Testing
Grouping by
occasion
and need
state.
Laddering
or heuristic
modelling.
Choice
modelling
and
subtraction.
Shuffle card
or product
selection.
+ Tools
45Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Projection techniques
In it’s simplest form you might say, ‘what do you think
others do?, or what would they say?’. The idea is to
get a response from people without them feeling it’s
associated with themselves. It’s also used to get them
to think in ‘others’ shoes and is a good way to
understand their assumptions and prejudices.
• Sentence Completion
• Cartoon Completion
• Stereotyping
• Brand Personification
It’s not me, it’s
you
46Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Emotional Research?
do emotions determine behaviour?
47Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Emotions can indicate our motivations and intensity
of response to a brand, an advert or new concept.
Stimulus Emotion
Physical
response
Think Label
Self-talk rational
thoughts label an
activity or event
The brain labels an
emotional response
Emotional theories
By understanding the emotions, we can understand
the human motivations, the behaviours and why
people make the choices they make.
Emotions are a form of heuristic allowing people to
instinctively react to any given situation.
48Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Based on ‘emotional response’
The heart rules the head?
We act fast on our feelings. They create a shortcut to
our decisions and are driven by instinct. The More We
Feel, The More We Buy. Ref. System1 (brainjuicer)
People choose brands quickly and intuitively based on how they feel!
How does this
advert make you
feel?
Ref. 6seconds.org
49Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Example Psychographic segmentation
Emotion mapping
Often used to identify the
emotional drivers to purchase or
take action and classify brands.
Based on eight (8) basic
universal emotions, their
opposites and intensity, you
might ask; “how do you
feel/what emotions do you
associate with this brand or
activity?”
Place a coin where you think this
brand best fits and compare to
other competitor brands.
Probe on emotional attributes
and associations.
Ref. Robert Plutchik wheel of emotions
Brand
X
50Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Neuroscience
neuromarketing
Tools used to measure response to ads, new
concepts, packaging.
Response to stimuli
Combined with qualitative to understand the
motivations to response, neuromarketing can capture
the unspoken, non-verbal responses.
51Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
TOOLS
Foundation
Design Method Platforms
Approaches Techniques Tools
Screener and
Discussion
Guide
Moderation
Analysis Delivery
Are exercises that can be
used to deliver a specific
outcome or feedback,
useful to the research
objectives.
52Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Think and say
What do you think they’re
saying and thinking?
What questions does she
have?
What is worrying her?
What feelings does she
have?
What is he trying to
communicate?
Identifies the gaps in
communication.
Am I going to
die?
Yes Doctor, I
understand
What do you think they’re saying and thinking?
Is she listening to
me?
Your endometrial cancer has
metastasised to your kidneys
depressed
scared
angry
In denial
53Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Family
generations
Thinking about the brands in
the category, place a card
against the person most
closely relates too.
Probe the role, it’s function
and future
Brand role and
positioning and how
used and thought of in
the collective.
What do you think they’re saying and thinking?
Brand A
Brand X
Brand F
Brand E
Brand B
Brand C
Old reliable
matriarch, but
dated
Was effective,
but a bit too
rough
New head of
family and lead
go to productGentle caring
and nurturing
product
Untested, gentle acting but
similar to brand A
The new upstart with
greatest potential.
54Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
Plus many more…..
Method
•Mono: Singular
In-depth
Interviews
•Group: Focus
Group
discussions
studies
•Triads and
comfort groups
•Pairs
•Ethnographic:
Observational
•Workshops and
Hall Tests
•Accompanied
Platforms
•Face-to-face
•Tel/VOIP
•Bulletin Board,
forums and
Communities
•Onsite or in-
home or
remote
•Online Chat
•Ai and Crowd
Sourcing
•Digital and
remote
•Technologies
(Cool Tool etc)
Approach
•Explorative
•Singular
•Multiple
•Qual Quant
•Hothousing
•Category sauna
•Category
management
•Consulting
supplement
•Experimental
•Retail
•Social Listening
Techniques
•Behavioural
•Psychographic
•Segmentation
•Concept test
•Laddering
•Needs
Hierarchy
•Heuristic
•Ideation
•Cocreation
•Ethnographic
techniques
•Observation
•Gamification
•Testing
Tools
•Show and tell
•Card sort
•Collage
•Diary
•Scale
•Ideate
•Mapping
•Think and say
•Illustration
•Ethnographic
exercises
•Homework
•Eye tracking
•In the moment
•Streaming
•gestalt
55Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
The way forward?
So, tools and techniques, can be…
…used to breakthrough and reveal
insight
Techniques can engage
participants…
…but beware of techniques for the
sake of techniques.
New techniques push ethical
boundaries, so it’s about…
…using the techniques, in the right
way and…
…understanding what’s the best
approach
It’s about good design + immersion
(understanding the problem)…
…and the right fit with Pharma. Is
there a place for emotional
research?
The full programme gives you
access to many more methods,
tools, techniques and approaches.
ethics
Summary discussion
For more information contact
jonny.storey@icloud.com
https://methodsandmadness.co.uk/
57Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019
MedTech
Digital
Online Doctor
Internet CX/UX
Hospital
marketing
Patient
support
programmes
My story
30+ years
Marketing
Research Consultant
Have run my own one-stop-research-shop + Viewing facility
Retail Pharmacy
Trade marketing
Category management
Freelancer
Agency
Client-side
Digital marketing
Marketing
FMCG consumer
Pharmacy
Consumer Health
Europe US
Asia: South Korea
ME: Saudi, UAE
South Africa
Foundation in market research across sectors and disciplines
Medical
Diagnostics
Pathology
Precision
medicines
Oncology
Patient Charts
Cardiology
PROs & HEOR
Market access

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Qual research methods tools and techniques 1

  • 1. Methods and Madness market research methods, tools and techniques http://methodsandmadness.co.uk/contact/
  • 2. 2Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Share methods, tools and techniques Break the secrecy surrounding techniques Portfolio of tools and techniques What approach, methods, tools and techniques to apply? Breakthrough and reveal insight Aim of the training Walk away with a toolbox of tools and techniques, methods and approaches you can call upon in the future.
  • 3. 3Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 TODAY Foundation Design Method Platforms Approaches Techniques Tools Screener and Discussion Guide Moderation Analysis Delivery Quick overview 10% of potential tools and techniques and approaches. 300+ methods, tools techniques and approaches
  • 4.
  • 5. 5Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Why tools and techniques Lack of engagement
  • 6. 6Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Why tools and techniques Low participant engagement Shorter attention spans Boredom or switch off Breakthrough to truth Insight reveal
  • 7. 7Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Messy, chaotic THE PROBLEM WITH QUAL, IS IT CAN BE VERY MESSY AND OFTEN RELIES ON CREATIVE CONCEPTUAL THINKING AND INTUITION. PEOPLE TEND TO HIDE THE TRUTH, WILL TELL YOU WHAT THEY THINK YOU WANT TO HEAR. Methods and Madness Human factor People tend to hide the truth…
  • 8. 8Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Tools and techniques to help you breakout and breakthrough Get through to the truth ‘it’s about being creative and innovative, coming up with solutions to solve business problems’
  • 9. 9Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Techniques for the sake of techniques Blind leading the blind Square peg in a round hole It’s not all about focus groups, or your research product. It’s about? Insight
  • 10. 10Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Qual comes with a health warning WHY Depth of understanding Explorative Not statistically valid Evidence enough? Providing solutions – methods designed to interrogate and answer the question
  • 11. 11Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 FOCUS Primary Methods Approaches Techniques Tools Are a mixture of methods, tools and techniques used to tackle a research objective/business aim. These are the fundamental qualitative methods from which most other research derives from. Are applications or specific approaches typically used within the primary methods. Are exercises that can be used to deliver a specific outcome or feedback, useful to the research objectives.
  • 12. 12Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Latitudes of methods Primary Methods Approaches Techniques Tools Method + technique + tools + platform = research solution Focus group or IDI Cocreation or projection Quant technique applied as Qual ‘think and say’ or ‘collage’ exercise
  • 13. 13Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 FIRST Foundation Design Platforms Building a foundation of understanding through grounded theory and immersion Deciding which methods, tools and techniques to will deliver best results, and breakthrough to reveal new insights? What platform will be most appropriate and effective? Different techniques will be dropped in, in the above modules as well as the techniques module. Look out for these technique summaries.
  • 14. 14Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 tools techniques approaches Primary methods What is the best approach?... Foundational (design, platforms) Combination of methods (techniques) Specific applications Facilitate research …for this therapy, treatment, disease, patient or physician profile?
  • 15. 15Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Must have a foundation of best practice and due diligence in the design • Respondent duty of care • Personal identity • Regulations • Compliance • Ethics • GDPR • Guidelines • Industry standards • Adverse event reporting
  • 16. 16Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 DESIGN Foundation Design Method Platforms Approaches Techniques Tools Screener and Discussion Guide Moderation Analysis Delivery The fundamentals of good Qual research
  • 17. 17Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 design CLARIFY PROBLEM IMMERSION HYPOTHESIS SAMPLE
  • 18. 18Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Grounded Theory Construction of theories through methodical gathering of information into themes/ideas and providing depth of understanding. 1 Data Gathering • Online searches • Reports and academic studies • Market data • Magazine articles 2 Immersion • ‘Eat the pies’ • Field visits – shop/buy • Talk to a specialist • Blogs and YouTube Exploratory?
  • 19. 19Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Immersion “and then I decided I was a lemon for a couple of weeks.” ― Douglas Adams, Life, the Universe and Everything It’s not only about studying and internet searching It’s ethnographic, get involved, absorbing involvement. Have a go and dive right in. Talk to all the stakeholders Internet and literature searching
  • 20. 20Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Explorative qual Used to help navigate future research and identify the key attributes and issues likely to be faced in the business problem or key question. It’s an aid to immersion, but tends to be a planned and structured activity. Also used to provide content to quantitative questionnaires. •Short focus group with the primary suspects (target audience). Open questions with off-the- cuff probing. Short focus group • Short interview with subject expert or professional. Expert interview •Visiting a related venue and asking advice: how to, what’s best etc.Casual advice •Observing suspects: fashion, eating, behaviours and people watching. Can often involve initial ethnographic approaches. Observation •Joining a patient blog (but with permission, full disclosure)Blogging •Used to provide language, attributes and context to Quant as well as testing questionnaires. Piloting Delivers direction and focus TECHNIQUE Seek legal advice
  • 21. 21Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 METHOD Foundation Design Method Platforms Approaches Techniques Tools Screener and Discussion Guide Moderation Analysis Delivery What method/s are most appropriate?
  • 22. 22Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Many methods and techniques evolving out of IDIs and focus groups Qualitative research ACTIVE Focus Groups Semiotics Psycho- graphics Heuristics Blog and Social Net Research On-line focus groups Video Vox Pops Mystery Shops In-depth interviews Innovation workshops Shopper Research Online Communities NEW Autography Ethnography
  • 23. 23Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 …and many new tools and techniques. • Autography • Online and mobile communities • Self ethnography • In the moment • Life logging • Web cam qual (not so new, but growing in popularity) Embryonic • Web messaging • Chat bots (Research bots) • Facial coding • Gamification So where do we start? Ai Qual
  • 24. 24Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Ai Qual utilizes (Q+Q) qual/quant techniques Ai uses machine and deep learning, by utilizing artificial neural networks to both speed up laborious text and content analysis and interpret the responses. It’s particularly good at using ‘big qual’ derived from social listening and quantitative data. It’s also capable of interacting with respondents and generating intuitive questions and therefore conversational moderating and probing. Advanced Ai is capable of identifying emotions and by using neurological and biometric responses as well as psychographic modelling. Human’s (ethnographers) are still needed to put outputs into context and understand the analysis generated by the Ai models. Artificial neural networks attempt to simulate the human brain’s processes. Ref. Mike Stevens, The Guide to Artiô€ƒ’cial Intelligence for Research & Analytics, 2019
  • 25. Ai Qual comes in various forms and platforms There is an ever increasing number of Ai tools and new technologies being applied to market research. Human responses Chatbots Conversational feedback AUTO Transcription and translation Text Content Analysis BIG QUAL Social Listening ETHNOGRAPHER Ai Emotion, Psychographic modelling Semiotic and sentiment coding Natural Language Processing Typed Voice Facial Biometrics Neurological Machine and deep learning networks and crowd sourcing techniques Structured and unstructured
  • 26. 26Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Mono: Singular In- depth Interviews Produces great depth, but lacks consensus. Good for specialists, c-suit, business-to-business, or difficult to recruit individuals. Especially good for emotional depth and complex subject areas or processes. Usually one hour in duration and capable of covering more subjects than a focus group.
  • 27. 27Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Group: Focus Group discussions Produces depth and group consensus, but requires a highly skilled moderator to engage the group and reveal genuine insights. Group responses and natural social bias or peer-ship can be major factors in the conversation. Applying tools and techniques are useful to negate this effect and help to breakthrough. Respondents tend to be overly positive about ideas, concepts and new products, however clients often can not handle negative feedback. This therefore needs to be balanced, with a focus on revealing the truth realistically. Applied Psychology and cognitive theory plays a big part in any focus group, especially where emotion, opinion and attitudes are concerned. Using Projection techniques is by far the most common approach. Good for all typologies, especially consumers, although specialist and business-to-business tend to be smaller groups or IDIs, due to difficulties with recruitment, attendance and peer pressure. Usually 90 minutes to two hours in duration and held in a central location/viewing facility. Six to eight respondents (twelve in US), depending on the nature of the discussion.
  • 28. 28Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 The variations Large (American) style groups 12 respondents, includes voting, covers a wide spectrum, good for consensus, but some respondents can be left on the sidelines Segment Groups 6-8 respondents, often belonging to a particular demographic, lifestyle or user group. 6 is a good number to get depth and breadth of opinion. Triads and Comfort groups Useful to deep dive into sensitive areas, share experiences, collaboration and support as well as tasks and feedback and remote locations Pairs Often conducted as friendship pairs, or exploring symbiotic relationships, and juxter opposed positioning ie patient and caregiver Workshops and Hall Tests Useful for discussion by segment, innovation, cocreation and ideation exercises. Electronic voting and concept development. Workshop approaches Hothousing Ideation Co-creation Innovation Category Sauna
  • 29. 29Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Active groups We all know that memory is selective and respondents will often respond in the way they think you want to hear. By running groups where the respondent uses and interacts with the product or activity. We can get to the truth and reality of behaviours, attitudes and opinions and are not reliant on a consumers perceived memory. Insulin Pens Participants take part in product usage and activities along with in a group discussion. Ethnography inspired memory is selective
  • 30. 30Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 In the moment Real-time qualitative responses There are many mobile apps and other online tools that can be used to capture respondents activities whilst on the move or engaged in activities. It’s a good alternative to desktop PC research as is more convenient and can negate the dependency on memory as can be conducted real-time whilst the respondent is engaged in the subject being researched. This is particularly useful for retail shopper research where you can give participants tasks whilst shopping as well as giving a running commentary on their footpath whilst in-store and the decisions they are making on-the-go. Short easy tasks Natural flow of activity In context of situation Mobile Chat system A regular chat system can be used providing it’s secure and private, or a system that can hold a discussion guide. This will require you to be online at the time of the activity to moderate in real-time. Some systems allow you to record and video chat at the same time, those collecting deeper insights. Alternatively, you could set-up a mobile bulletin board and respondents are tasked with going online at the time of the activity. With some bulletin board type systems they can collect audio, pictures and video of the activity. By using Ai crowdsourcing tools, an interactive and responsive interview can be conducted in real-time by using a chat bot. Ai systems have the advantage of being able to evaluate the response and ask reiterative ‘agreement’ questions/responses, thus enabling group consensus, by crowd sourcing. If possible, ask in-the-moment, give short easy tasks and consider the context or situation in which they’re in. The responses need to be as natural as possible without disrupting the natural flow of the activity.
  • 31. 31Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 observer groups Mirror groups where the second party watches and comments on participants, is useful to understand the dynamics of the interactions. Other stakeholders and influencers in the culture and family circle are interviewed to gather all perspectives. Simulated groups is where a situation is re- enacted under strict ethical controls. Both parties are interviewed separately following the exercise to understand the communication gaps. Sales Rep – simulated call – Detail Aid evaluation. Communication gaps and cultural perspectives Doctor observes patient discussion group and adds commentary in backroom Patients participate in focus groups, often commenting on relationship with Doctor. Simulated consultation Spouse or caregiverGynaecologist and patient + Mirror groups 
  • 32. 32Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Understanding consumer needs Market opportunity Idea generation Product and idea prototyping ideation Idea generation and development Ideation starts with generating new ideas, followed by the development stages and usually ending in prototyping or actualisation. It’s typically part of the design process. Qualitative methods and techniques can help facilitate this process, by conducting groups and workshops with management teams, consumers and professional business groups. Crowd sourcing, idea reiteration and using online community panels have become very popular. In a focus group format, this usually involves first understanding the target user/consumer wants and needs, what might make their life easier and more enjoyable. What are the unmet needs, unknown and future needs. Ideas are usually facilitated by using innovation tools and techniques – Innovation/ideas tools INNOVATION PROCESS USING INNOVATION TOOLS TO SPRINGBOARD IDEA
  • 33. 33Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Consumer experiences Concept testing Idea generation Product and idea prototyping cocreation Building ideas collaboratively together Cocreation workshops are not unlike ideation groups, only with a mixed group of stakeholders involved in the product or service. These could include: Clients: Marketers etc Consumers Patients Experts Doctors Extreme externals (push the envelope) COCREATION PROCESS Consumers/users and client marketers work together Experiential Exercises (product usage and making) Important to have a mix and variety of participants
  • 34. 34Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 PLATFORMS Foundation Design Method Platforms Approaches Techniques Tools Screener and Discussion Guide Moderation Analysis Delivery What platform is going to deliver the best insights?
  • 35. 35Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Several different platforms can be used for IDIs Mono: Singular In-depth Interviews Face-to-face? Tel/VOIP? Online? Digital? BB/Communities? Operates similar to a focus group, although applying techniques can be less insightful and time consuming. Requires good person-to-person skills and the ability to follow the flow of natural conversation, at the same time re-tracking to the discussion guide. These are usually audio recorded and transcripts tend to be long and can lack structure. The big advantage is material can be shown and body language observed. The most common form of in-depth interviews. It’s quite cost effective as it negates the need for travel and can be less intrusive and provides a level of anonymous-ity. It’s particularly useful in cross country studies as can be performed in different languages. These are usually audio recorded, but transcripts tend to be long and can lack structure. Unless synchronous, it lacks spontaneity and the natural flow of conversation. It relies on open questions and typed in answers and responses can be short and unrevealing, if not moderated. It’s particularly good for very personal subjects as can be completely anonymous. It’s convenient as respondents can take part at any time of day and often from mobile. Either using digital tools and Aps or SMS or Tweeter. It usually relies on continuous feedback to sequential questions/answers and is somewhat like an open survey. New digital audio technologies are starting to be used, allowing direct verbal feedback. Questions are often posted as one-to-one Q&A, but the advantage is that other respondents can see and observe a response, either adding to or commenting on the content. Material including: Photos, Video and audio can be posted, by the moderator and the respondent, often eliciting, deeper more insightful feedback and information gather. * At the end of the day, nothing beats face-to-face interviews conducted by a skilled interviewer.
  • 36. 36Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Online communities, forums and bulletin boards • Questions, discussion and exercises pri-uploaded. Probes following respondent postings. Timed and synchronous postings and probes • Respondents recruited to take part – per day, per week (up to 6 weeks). Respondents invited to take part online • Operate via postings and responses to postings Blog forums and Bulletin Boards • Discussion moderated in real-time, based on a discussion guide and live probing. Synchronous online groups • Online video discussion with up to 12 respondents.Video groups • White board exercises • Shuffle card sorting Online tools • Smartphone exercises and photo/video uploads, forums, blogs, polls, surveys + + Online communities (usually extended periods) Operate just like a blog or Facebook page. There are many hosting platforms, all with various facilities and tools. These need to be monitored and moderated on a daily basis, apart from the synchronous discussions and video groups. Text based discussion and open responses with smartphone photo and video uploads. Most methods and techniques can be conducted online. The advantage is the convenience of asynchronous interviews across geographies and no need for a central location (costs). NB. Feedback is different to face-to-face or telephone interviews. Qualitative Online as ‘techniques and approaches’
  • 37. 37Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Social listening Understand the emotional language, drivers and motivators by surfing and collecting content, developing key themes and what’s topical. Social listening: Positive sentiment and by channel Blogs Facebook groups Support groups YouTube Listening to social media chatter Is it secondary data used for a different purpose? Did the patients give permission for it’s use?
  • 38. 38Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 APPROACHES Foundation Design Method Platforms Approaches Techniques Tools Screener and Discussion Guide Moderation Analysis Delivery What platform is going to deliver the best insights?
  • 39. 39Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 What approach? Critical decision dictates the success of the research The design Method? Techniques? Tools? Which way to go?
  • 40. 40Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Choices Method •Mono: Singular In-depth Interviews •Group: Focus Group discussions studies •Triads and comfort groups •Pairs •Ethnographic: Observational •Workshops and Hall Tests •Accompanied Platforms •Face-to-face •Tel/VOIP •Bulletin Board, forums and Communities •Onsite or in- home or remote •Online Chat •Ai and Crowd Sourcing •Digital and remote •Technologies (Cool Tool etc) Approach •Explorative •Singular •Multiple •Qual Quant •Hothousing •Category sauna •Category management •Consulting supplement •Experimental •Retail •Social Listening Techniques •Behavioural •Psychographic •Segmentation •Concept test •Laddering •Needs Hierarchy •Heuristic •Ideation •Cocreation •Ethnographic techniques •Observation •Gamification •Testing Tools •Show and tell •Card sort •Collage •Diary •Scale •Ideate •Mapping •Think and say •Illustration •Ethnographic exercises •Homework •Eye tracking •In the moment •Streaming •gestalt
  • 41. 41Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Starts with a group exploring the category and initial ideas and concepts are presented. Client team take feedback from the first group and rework/refine ideas and concepts Reworked and refined ideas are presented, ranked and rated Hot housing Same day exercise This is a useful method to develop brand and advertising concepts, advertisements and product ideas. This can help the client to understand what works and the messages respondents get from the ideas presented. The client team might include their creative agency, illustrators and copywriters, as well as marketing and brand management.
  • 42. 42Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Message optimization ‘storyline’ This approach develops the optimal storyline or communication. It uses qual to develop and choose the messages to test. The messages are then ranked and rated, followed by a chosen best combination by placing the preferred messages into their best story position. Qual or Quant can then be used to rate the message combinations by greatest emotional response and purchase propensity or call-to-action. Finally the highest scoring messages need to be finetuned using Qual. QUAL Develop and choose messages Quant Ranking and rating best messages Put together a storyline: Premise, promise, proposition Best emotional response rating QUAL Fine tune messages Premise (insight) Promise (benefits) Proposition (the offer) Beginning Middle End *A *B*C *D *K *E *X *F *H Ratingscore Location in time How to achieve the optimum message test… A Qual-Quant approach
  • 43. 43Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 TECHNIQUES Foundation Design Method Platforms Approaches Techniques Tools Screener and Discussion Guide Moderation Analysis Delivery Are applications or specific approaches typically used within the primary methods.
  • 44. 44Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 TECHNIQUES Are applications or specific approaches typically used within the primary methods. Techniques •Concept test •Semiotic •Gamification •Segmentation •Laddering •Needs Hierarchy •In the moment •Behavioural •Psychographic •Heuristic •Ideation •Cocreation •Ethnographic techniques •Observation •Gamification •Testing Grouping by occasion and need state. Laddering or heuristic modelling. Choice modelling and subtraction. Shuffle card or product selection. + Tools
  • 45. 45Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Projection techniques In it’s simplest form you might say, ‘what do you think others do?, or what would they say?’. The idea is to get a response from people without them feeling it’s associated with themselves. It’s also used to get them to think in ‘others’ shoes and is a good way to understand their assumptions and prejudices. • Sentence Completion • Cartoon Completion • Stereotyping • Brand Personification It’s not me, it’s you
  • 46. 46Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Emotional Research? do emotions determine behaviour?
  • 47. 47Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Emotions can indicate our motivations and intensity of response to a brand, an advert or new concept. Stimulus Emotion Physical response Think Label Self-talk rational thoughts label an activity or event The brain labels an emotional response Emotional theories By understanding the emotions, we can understand the human motivations, the behaviours and why people make the choices they make. Emotions are a form of heuristic allowing people to instinctively react to any given situation.
  • 48. 48Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Based on ‘emotional response’ The heart rules the head? We act fast on our feelings. They create a shortcut to our decisions and are driven by instinct. The More We Feel, The More We Buy. Ref. System1 (brainjuicer) People choose brands quickly and intuitively based on how they feel! How does this advert make you feel? Ref. 6seconds.org
  • 49. 49Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Example Psychographic segmentation Emotion mapping Often used to identify the emotional drivers to purchase or take action and classify brands. Based on eight (8) basic universal emotions, their opposites and intensity, you might ask; “how do you feel/what emotions do you associate with this brand or activity?” Place a coin where you think this brand best fits and compare to other competitor brands. Probe on emotional attributes and associations. Ref. Robert Plutchik wheel of emotions Brand X
  • 50. 50Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Neuroscience neuromarketing Tools used to measure response to ads, new concepts, packaging. Response to stimuli Combined with qualitative to understand the motivations to response, neuromarketing can capture the unspoken, non-verbal responses.
  • 51. 51Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 TOOLS Foundation Design Method Platforms Approaches Techniques Tools Screener and Discussion Guide Moderation Analysis Delivery Are exercises that can be used to deliver a specific outcome or feedback, useful to the research objectives.
  • 52. 52Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Think and say What do you think they’re saying and thinking? What questions does she have? What is worrying her? What feelings does she have? What is he trying to communicate? Identifies the gaps in communication. Am I going to die? Yes Doctor, I understand What do you think they’re saying and thinking? Is she listening to me? Your endometrial cancer has metastasised to your kidneys depressed scared angry In denial
  • 53. 53Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Family generations Thinking about the brands in the category, place a card against the person most closely relates too. Probe the role, it’s function and future Brand role and positioning and how used and thought of in the collective. What do you think they’re saying and thinking? Brand A Brand X Brand F Brand E Brand B Brand C Old reliable matriarch, but dated Was effective, but a bit too rough New head of family and lead go to productGentle caring and nurturing product Untested, gentle acting but similar to brand A The new upstart with greatest potential.
  • 54. 54Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 Plus many more….. Method •Mono: Singular In-depth Interviews •Group: Focus Group discussions studies •Triads and comfort groups •Pairs •Ethnographic: Observational •Workshops and Hall Tests •Accompanied Platforms •Face-to-face •Tel/VOIP •Bulletin Board, forums and Communities •Onsite or in- home or remote •Online Chat •Ai and Crowd Sourcing •Digital and remote •Technologies (Cool Tool etc) Approach •Explorative •Singular •Multiple •Qual Quant •Hothousing •Category sauna •Category management •Consulting supplement •Experimental •Retail •Social Listening Techniques •Behavioural •Psychographic •Segmentation •Concept test •Laddering •Needs Hierarchy •Heuristic •Ideation •Cocreation •Ethnographic techniques •Observation •Gamification •Testing Tools •Show and tell •Card sort •Collage •Diary •Scale •Ideate •Mapping •Think and say •Illustration •Ethnographic exercises •Homework •Eye tracking •In the moment •Streaming •gestalt
  • 55. 55Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 The way forward? So, tools and techniques, can be… …used to breakthrough and reveal insight Techniques can engage participants… …but beware of techniques for the sake of techniques. New techniques push ethical boundaries, so it’s about… …using the techniques, in the right way and… …understanding what’s the best approach It’s about good design + immersion (understanding the problem)… …and the right fit with Pharma. Is there a place for emotional research? The full programme gives you access to many more methods, tools, techniques and approaches. ethics
  • 56. Summary discussion For more information contact jonny.storey@icloud.com https://methodsandmadness.co.uk/
  • 57. 57Š Jonny Storey, Methods and Madness 2019 MedTech Digital Online Doctor Internet CX/UX Hospital marketing Patient support programmes My story 30+ years Marketing Research Consultant Have run my own one-stop-research-shop + Viewing facility Retail Pharmacy Trade marketing Category management Freelancer Agency Client-side Digital marketing Marketing FMCG consumer Pharmacy Consumer Health Europe US Asia: South Korea ME: Saudi, UAE South Africa Foundation in market research across sectors and disciplines Medical Diagnostics Pathology Precision medicines Oncology Patient Charts Cardiology PROs & HEOR Market access

Editor's Notes

  1. I’m going to give you a snapshot of this training, I call it methods and madness, but I’ll explain why later http://methodsandmadness.co.uk
  2. The aim of the training is to share methods, tools and techniques. When I started to research, 30 years ago, agencies and research would hold their techniques secretly to themselves and so as I experienced the research, I collected these over time.
  3. Today, we’re going to focus on some Qual Methods, Tools and Techniques. This is just 10% of the possible 300+ approaches.
  4. Qual is our secret weapon in the research world. There’s a tidal wave of BIG DATA, new data and advanced DIGITAL tools and techniques about to hit, ‘Good Ship Market Research’, previously powered by trackers and surveys. It’s the ‘human factor’ via Qual, that can not be replaced. Well, not yet!
  5. So why tools and techniques? Well in Quant, and Trackers, in particular, there’s a lack of Engagement.
  6. Tools and techniques, can engage respondents, ergo gamification etc, and break the boredom and therefore reveal insight?
  7. I call this Methods and Madness because Qual is messy and chaotic, the human factor, causes people to hide the truth…but via tools and techniques, we can give it structure and reveal insight. This is known as social biased, but note, there are many psychological biases, including the bias of the researcher/moderator.
  8. We, therefore, need something to break our thinking and breakthrough to the truth – hence tools and techniques.
  9. But, beware of, Techniques for the sake of techniques. I’ve seen many agencies giving highfalutin names to techniques, and often trying to sell-in inappropriate ‘branded’ techniques.
  10. Qual, of course, comes with a health warning, as it’s often not statistically valid, however performed properly, I’ve seen little difference when going to Quant. It can be evidence enough. The question to ask is, would you bet your house on it? If not, then you need to do Quant.
  11. I break Qual down into Primary Base Methods, Approaches, Techniques and Tools.
  12. So Primary Methods are the base methods: Focus groups or IDI’s etc. A technique is, for example, cocreation or projection. Tools are little exercises used to enhance the research process. An approach is where you combine methods to answer a research problem or deliver a solution.
  13. First, we need to address the problem all researchers have: What approach should I use to best answer this question, business issue or insight need?
  14. And then deciding what is the best approach in ‘healthcare’ – therapy, treatment, patient or physician profile
  15. The key caveat in healthcare it must have a foundation of best practice and due diligence in the design. The problem is, new techniques tend to push the boundaries. To help you with this there’s BHBIA’s ethical guidelines.
  16. And so we come to DESIGN
  17. Good design typically includes:….which leads to ‘an approach’, including deciding upon the best sample profile
  18. This starts with Grounded Theory, involves data gathering and immersion – what I call ‘eat the pies’, i.e. you have to taste all the pies to be able to properly research and understand the market.
  19. So I recommend one method is to dive right in and immerse yourself in the subject area i.e. visit a hospital, patient or physician.
  20. …which leads to the first technique, known as explorative qual. But in healthcare, this can come with a ‘health warning’. If you as a researcher or a company representative, speak to a physician or patient – it needs to be done with caution of legal implications i.e. ‘adverse event reporting’ guidelines. Or joining a patient blog, or an online group should be done with full disclosure.
  21. You’ll also need to decide on what base method to use: Qual or Quant, Focus Group or IDI etc
  22. There’s a lot to choose from! Much of this has evolved out of basic methods
  23. …and nowadays there are many new tools and techniques – Ai, being amongst the latest.
  24. Ai uses machine learning and crowdsourcing
  25. …but at the end, there’s still a human (ethnographer) required to interpret the outcome and decipher the insight. This approach combines traditional statistical methods used in typical quantitative surveys with crowdsourcing techniques and machine learning, which allows studies to effectively quantify natural language answers.
  26. …even though we have Ai, most approaches stem from the basic one-to-one interview…
  27. … or focus group
  28. There are many variations of the focus group to choose from….one favourite of mine is ‘comfort groups’, useful when talking with patients in different disease stages, where they can console one another and share their experiences.
  29. A twist I use on focus groups is what I call ‘active groups’. One problem with a lot of research is it’s dependent on ‘memory’, with ‘active groups’ you can overcome this, by introducing experiential exercises (tools).
  30. …this leads us to ‘in-the-moment’ methods, where often ‘mobile devices’ are used to interrupt and feedback on an activity when it’s happening in realtime.
  31. …this leads us to observations and simulations. Again, good ethics must be designed into the approach – ie if the approach is to simulate a patient consultation, then that needs careful consideration and legal advice. But it is very effective and revealing.
  32. Ideation is an example of a classic technique which combines research methods with marketing and consultancy approaches.
  33. Techniques like cocreation, often require patients, physicians and company marketers to actively interact – again, you need to pay caution to the legal implications and most importantly, the patient duty of care.
  34. …this is where platforms can provide a distinct advantage, both in convenience and facilitating collaborative feedback
  35. Again, there are many platforms to choose from. – I ran an online community on sanitary towels in Japan, which led to new product innovation as the participants started advising one another (human hacking) on how to deal with spotting problems. The platform allowed for anonymous avatars which encouraged open exchange and sharing.
  36. Digital methods are growing in popularity, but beware, the feedback is very different from the traditional face-to-face interview.
  37. Qual plus Social listening can present a distinct advantage – I was able to identify a unique community of Leprosy sufferers in Southern Africa and gather and understand their concerns and treatment efficacy. But is this ethical? It’s the issue surrounding secondary data and BIG data – did they knowingly give permission?
  38. …so deciding on the approach can have serious implications, especially in healthcare.
  39. …it’s about, which way to go?
  40. …and the choices abound!
  41. …an approach can be very effective: here’s an example of one-day hot-housing, where a marketing team develop a concept, a communication or product proposition. It’s presented to a patient or physician group and feedback is used by the marketing team to re-design and adjust according to the feedback. It’s then presented to another patient/physician group and finally finetuned using ideation and innovation thinking techniques. I saw a new pharma product developed in one-day, which is still on the pharmacy shelves today.
  42. …but some approaches can be exhaustive and unnecessary – you could argue, that you can get to a better result, more effectively by simplification and good quality research.
  43. …and now there are the techniques
  44. …effectively they’re thinking models that are applied to the research – it’s about using a different way to look at a research question
  45. Projection is a classic example of re-framing a direct question. Stereotyping is a Projective Technique that involves presenting a description of people, either using words or images and asking people questions about the topic of interests
  46. Is there a place for emotional research in healthcare? Physicians are scientists, but they are also human. I’ve often seen examples of where ‘brand emotion’ has influenced physician choice or preference. They don’t like to admit it, but this is where techniques come in.
  47. There are many theories surrounding emotional research – what comes first? How does the brain process or generate an emotional response?
  48. It’s also heuristic, where people use their amazing processing power to quickly make decisions using emotion and intuition.
  49. This is a classic example which strives to classify and position a brand on the emotional scale. Emotional engagement can also be accessed using various validated models as in this example the Plutchik Emotion wheel. This can be very useful for message development, especially if you are targeting specific emotional profiles and positioning. Ref. Robert Plutchik introduced the idea that emotions are an evolutionary feature introduced to maximize survival of our species. With it, he identified 4 sets of opposite emotions for a total of 8 elemental emotions: Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, Trust, Disgust, Surprise, and Anticipation. They are plotted on Plutchik’s famous wheel of emotions. Relevant emotions associated with Brand X Joy + Anticipation = optimism Trust + Joy = love Increase in emotion intensity: Interest → Anticipation → Vigilance Increase in emotion intensity: Serenity → Joy → Ecstasy Increase in emotion intensity: Acceptance → Trust → admiration
  50. And here are examples of passive physical response to emotional stimulation. In theory, communication which triggers an emotional response increases its effectiveness. www.youtube.com/embed/M1I62ViNdy8
  51. Finally we have tools which can be used to enhance and facilitate insight reveals.
  52. In this example, a ‘think and say’, can be used with both patients and physicians to understand their perceptions of each other and identify gaps in communication. The participants are asked to fill in all the speak-outs and thought-clouds for themselves and their opposite number. What they think the other is thinking.
  53. Another favourite of mine is family tree, where a physician can place brand cards on the character they think is closest. This enables you to learn how physicians use brands within a family or portfolio of competitive products and why they’re used and positioned.
  54. This was only a quick snapshot of Methods, Tools and Techniques – there are many more!
  55. So, tools and techniques, can be… …used to breakthrough and reveal insight Techniques can engage participants… …but beware of techniques for the sake of techniques. New techniques push the ethics boundaries, so it’s about… …using the techniques, in the right way and… …understanding what’s the best approach It’s about good design + immersion (understanding the problem)… …and the right fit with Pharma. Is there a place for emotional research? How-to and access to many methods, tools, techniques and approaches.