India Unity In Diversity In India

India Unity In Diversity In India
India is described as a country which is "a Unity is Diversity" because it is comprised of a wide
variety of individuals who belong to different religions, speak different languages, practice different
traditions, have different castes, worship different gods, wear different clothing, and eat different
foods. Although India is comprised of all these different individuals and their diverse traits and
practices, these individuals live together in peace and harmony in India.
Furthermore, the people of India are governed by one central authority and have one Prime Minister,
President, Supreme Court, and Army Chief. Hinduism is the main religion practiced in India;
however, there are followers of Buddhism, Jainism, Islam, Sikhism, Christianity, and Parsees. The
people of India practice different religions but majority of them believe in the theory of Dharma and
Karma. This theory includes salvation, rebirth, purification the soul, good for good, and bad for bad.
Furthermore, the people of India come together to celebrate festivals and cultural celebrations. Even
Indian philosophy contributes to the idea that India is "a Unity in Diversity." There is difference in
the overall conceptions of gods and ways of worshipping but Indians still maintain the fear of
heaven and hell. Many ethics groups coexist in India as well. However, within each ethnic group,
views on rituals, marriage, and castes remain the same. Also, many languages are spoken in India,
but Sanskrit still maintains
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English in India
ENGLISH IN INDIA
In our country English is important for a number of reasons. India is a land of diversity. Different
people speak different languages. A person of Tamil Nadu does not speak Hindi. So he can't
understand Hindi of a person from North India. However he can understand in English.
So English is a link language. Different people can communicate with one another with the help of
English. Secondly, all advanced knowledge in science, technology and medicine is available in
English. The results of the latest researches come to india through the medium of English. If we give
up English, we will lag behind in the higher fields of study. Today the world has become one family.
It is all due to English. English is an ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There is constant social pressure to learn and use English at different stages. We learn not only
English but we also learn many subjects through English.
Student also need English both for pursuing their studies and communicate in real life situation after
they leave university. English needed to perform a large number of communicative acts i.e.
comprehend and interpret professional material in English, read general books and magazines for
information or pleasure, persuade people to do certain other activities. Our approach to language
teaching should then be such that students are enabled to use English for the purposes they would
need to use it.
English has respectable place in the society. A person is not a considered educated if he does have
the fair knowledge of English. It has an established sociolinguistic fact that no one learns a second
language unless there is need for it. English is perhaps best when it is the medium of instruction.
This explains why more and more people want English medium schooling for their children. English
medium schools have become synonymous with good teaching, better discipline, accountability, etc.
So the mushrooming of English medium schools is as much an indicator of the common man's
desire for good teaching of English as ; of quality education generally, there is a social demand for
English. Keeping in view this demand for English, the language holds a prime

A Discourse Community In Indi A Discourse Community?
India: A Discourse Community Accomplishing goals through intercommunication among members
of a community is one characteristic that makes up a discourse community. A discourse community
has six characteristics such as having a broadly agreed set of goals, a participatory mechanism to
provide information or feedback, acquiring a specific level of language, and members with a
suitable degree of relevant content. The community that is a community discourse is India. India
occupies the greater part of South Asia and consists of twenty–nine states. India is most known for
festivals, food, and jewelry. The constitution of India does not give any language the status of
national language. So, communication among the people is not easy with twenty–two languages in
one country. India consists of diverse ethnic races and groups who strictly follow specific customs.
The cultural diversity of the country is what makes up the discourse customs within the community.
. One factor that creates cultural difference is India's nine religions. Ancient India consisted of three
religions: Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism. All three ancient religions are part of the nine religions
today. Statistics have shown that 827 million (80.5%) have returned themselves as followers of
Hindu religion, 138 million (13.4%) as Muslims or the followers of Islam, 24 million (2.3%) as
Christians, 19 million (1.9%) as Sikh, 8 million (0.80%) as Buddhists and 4 million (0.4%) are Jain
(Religion). I don't

Impact Of Duritan Era On India
IMPACT OF VICTORIAN ERA ON INDIA: LITERATURE AND LANGUAGES;
STREAMLINING ENGLISH MEDIUM EDUCATION The British Rule lasted for about 200 years
in India (1763–1947). Early on, it started with the East India Company invading and conquering
India and eventually there was a colonial shift of power, from the East India Company to the Crown,
which was under the reign of Queen Victoria. She was an important proponent in transferring
control of India from the East India Company to the British Government in 1858. She was declared
"Empress of India" in 1876 after this shift of power. This process had many long–term effects,
including the increased use of the English language outside of Europe. It is important to realize from
the outset that the Victorian period is quite long. Her reign stretched for about 63 extensive years,
longer than any other British monarch. The period saw the rise of a highly idealized notion of what
is "English" or what constitutes an "Englishman". ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They employed the strategy of emotional and intellectual colonization in India to consolidate the
political colonization expecting the malleable Indians to learn, speak and believe English and
become shadows of Englishmen. The cunning colonial government selected the education system as
the instrument for hitting the target. Since 1813, the planned enterprise started and was given a
precise dimension with the formulation of T.B Macaulay's "The Minute on Indian Education" in Feb
1835. Macaulay in his Minute completely ridiculed the Indian languages and called them dialects,
labeling them as rude and poor. He stated "I have never found one (oriental scholar) among them
who could deny that a single shelf of a good European library was worth the whole native literature
of India and

Evolution And Contributions Of The Indo-Aryan Family
2.2.3 The Indo–Aryan Influence
Following the Dravidians, came in the band of invaders who called themselves Arya(Sinclair, 1884).
It was during the 2nd millennium B.C. that these invaders made their way into India via north
western borders of India (Emeneau, 1980)(Zograf, 1982). It is this language family that hold the
highest position in the linguistic landscape of India. The Indo–Aryan family is a branch out of the
Indo–European language family which made its way into the Indian soil (Zograf, 1982). The Aryan
impact of the Aryan heritage can be seen substantially in the current Indian culture is a result of its
invasion which had lasted for about 100 years (Zograf, 1982). It is during this phase of invasions
that the Aryan family had brought into India not a single but rather a collection of related and
different languages and dialect (Zograf, 1982). The beginning of the Aryan influence had started
with the language India considers to be the language of their Hindu religion and that is the Vedic
language (Zograf, 1982). The earliest form of Indian texts in which the religious poetries were
written in was known as the Vedas (Zograf, 1982). Slowly came in the next phase of literary
development and came in the language which is considered to be the root of all the Indo–Aryan
languages, Sanskrit (Zograf, 1982). Sanskrit covered the whole of the Indo–Aryan linguistic domain
(Zograf, 1982). Then as the middle of the 1st millennium B.C. came the middle stage of the Indo–
Aryan

Essay on My Idiolect
During the span of my life till today, I have experienced many circumstances which has shaped the
way I think and my overall personality and morals, these have structured my idiolect in today's
society, there are many influences in my life that have shaped me, such as my family, culture,
friends and media (internet or TV) . Although I am immerse by my upbringing and I am greatly
influenced by the family, neighbors and friends, I also inculcate my own experiences and actions in
life. Such as trying to adapt to situations to suit others. I feel that along side with media and culture
it boils down to the main question: Do I change my language to adapt to its circumstances or speak
to please people happy? And why do I do this?
As a teenager ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
My dear, how are you? Just to avoid putting her in an embarrassing situation I would reply " Asam
borom" and would give a cheesy grin making her feel I am a good conversant. i spoke Konkani to
maintain my ego and being looked upon as a foreigner, I had to remain loyal to my mothers tongue.
However I found that when I came to england, some goan people took more of a westernized way of
life rather than holding on to their roots. However I preferred having two tongues rather than one
because If I didn't know how to speak Konkani I would have been humiliated and ashamed in my
birth place by speaking a different language I would have found it extremely difficult to even shop
in goa ,because most of the local shopkeepers proudly speak Konkani( being not thought the English
language) . I have realized whilst I am in goa on a holiday ,my senses
immediately codeswitch to my mother tongue, so I can communicate easily and maintain my
cultural identity. I consider myself as a Goan living in England, I speak English with others because
for one: they wont understand konkani for it is a foreign language and is a dialect. Another reason
may be that speaking Konkani around different cultures may be rude and make others around feel
that I am backbiting about them. However I do try and speak with very few people but only feel
when it is really necessary, you could say I speak konglish which is a mixture of

Language And Human Communication
Introduction
Language is the way of human communication. It is how thoughts, feelings, knowledge, opinions,
beliefs, mannerisms and intentions are communicated and shared. Language is typically thought to
just be spoken or written, however it has many depths. Language can be communicated through
gestures, glances, changes in tone of voice and other supplementary communication devices to
emphasize what we say and do (O'Neil, 1998–2009). Humans are the only species to have a known
language communication. Most non–human species can link information between each other
however no other species is known to have such a complex communication structure such as
language (Gee, 2011).
Language can be observed and deconstructed in many ways. It can be viewed as both an object and
a social process. It can be thought of as a set of rules or something physically presented to the world
in way of speech, audio or writings. The denotation of language differs depending on the
demographic, more specially, culture. It is important to understand and accept all differing varieties
of language. Although language is used everyday, it is a very complex tool with many levels.
Language can be both an object to be analysed and a social process
To view language as only an object, it must first be separated from human communication in which
the full meaning of language originates (Grugeon and Gardner, 2000). The National Literacy
Strategy suggests the study of an analogy such as the study of a fish in its

Importance Of English Essay
English is a widely accepted language in the scenario of today. It has become 'global language' and
we can say has often been referred to as, the lingua franca of the modern era. English as a second
language is currently most often taught around the world. In India, the purpose of English is not
only for to make communication with the outside world, but also for within inter–state. There is the
great ethnic and linguistic diversity. Because of the great diversity within our nation, English as a
language played a significant role as an indispensable 'link' language. With the tremendous
revolution in the Information Technology sector, various software and operating systems have been
developed in the English language and English has become a great medium for written and oral
communication. Due to communicative and educative value which English as a language has
achieved and established itself as the world's most important language. The world has recognized its
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It has been considered as Language is like a system with its characteristics. In India English has
established as the most important language and set up as the associate language. English is the
second spoken language in India after Hindi and probably the first in reading and writing language
in India. In India, the purpose of English is not only for to make communication with the outside
world, but also for within inter–state. Indians' minds have accepted English language for better
education, culture, higher intellect and bright future. Indians are using English with Indian language
simultaneously in their conversation and move to speak fluent English. English also facilitates the
communication among Indians of different language speakers. Thus English language has become
the language of legal, financial, educational and business in

Need Of English Language Essay
In a multi–cultural country like India, there is a need of common language. Hence, English language
could cater to this need up to a large extent. The development of English language in India can be
divided into pre and post independence of the country. With the arrival of East India Company in
India, English language came in 17th century. The basic purpose of introducing English language
was to accomplish trade with India and other countries in east. Primarily the British people tried to
learn Indian languages so that they could communicate with Indians. They also started special
colleges for this purpose. Meanwhile, they also took the help of the translators. But with the rise of
their political powers, they created the British Indian provinces like Bengal, Madras and Bombay.
After that more importance was given to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The role and importance of English Language was also felt after the British people left India.
English has been the medium of instruction in colleges, universities and many schools. The growing
influence of English language and the difficulty in finding an alternative language acceptable to all
Indians were the main reasons for the arrival of English Language. The University Education
Commission (UGC), under the chairmanship of Dr. S. Radhakrishnan, was of the opinion that
learning English would help Indians to update themselves with the developments happening in other
parts of the world. English will promote national unity and nationalism. On the other hand, a
language was needed for intra–national and international communication and thus, English was the
best preference. Observing the need of English language, the report of the University Education
Commission (1950) suggested that the teaching of English should be continued for higher education
purposes. The views expressed at the UGC national workshop on syllabus reform in English (1977)
states

Hinglish Is The Language Of Opportunities
nglish is the language of opportunities. Did you know that India has 350 million English speakers,
making it the largest English–speaking nation in the world? It is a linguistic power that is
dominating many countries, especially India. In India, mainly in the provincial cities, English words
are increasingly used in daily speech, influencing the Indian culture and Indian society.
Many aspects and reasons could justify the reasoning behind the expansion of the English language
in India. Firstly the reason why the general public learns the language is because it is a label, a label
of honour in society on becoming modern.
In India, English plays such a major role in daily life that a combination of English and Hindi has
formed a new language: Hinglish. Hinglish is noticed and observed in india through advertisements,
TV shows and Indian cinema. Also through daily life, political power and social classes. Becoming
a dominating language in India.
In fact, English is India's official language along with Hindi. ... Show more content on
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They have attempted to promote Indian languages, particularly Hindi, through means of public
policies and elections. But in vain, these attempt have not proved to be successful. But the cause of
the rise of the English language must be observed.
English is on the rise in India. It is known as the linguistic power of the nation. The English
language is promoted and exposed in various methods in India. One of the major roles of this
domination is media. Such as, almost all advertising billboards and commercials in India are in
English. Also the demand for English speakers is very high. It is very likely that a well–paid job in
India requires a good understanding of the English language. As English is dominating the demand
is school sis also very high, as today higher education is entirely conducted in the English

Reflection Paper On Shikh Culture
Reflection Paper Introduction This assignment done with my partner named Harwinder Singh. We
met at the food court of the Mohawk college on February 5, 2018. That meeting was a part of
reflection assignment, which core motive is to know different culture and learn something new
about other culture also share good things of own culture as well. The meeting was productive and
more interesting. We shared details of norms and values of the culture. Expectations As we belong
to same country I expected many similarities but I never visited that province so I am also had some
questions about routine and life styles. Which makes me more excited to learn new about my
partner's culture. At back home I have not any Shikh religious friend. So, I have ... Show more
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It makes good transparency and clarity about some myth about culture. As per the mutual efforts we
could make our meeting successful and grab good knowledge about both culture and gain many
things which is interesting. As per this conversation we can get better understanding about each
other and I found that Shikh people are very religious and lovable, they treat as a family with their
guests. I would like to be a guest of my partner at his home. Success and failure Success Better
understanding about Shikh culture. Good bonding with other culture. Clarity of my perception about
Shikh culture. Failure In the time of globalization still Shikh people do discrimination between male
and female, this thing makes me disappointed. I would like to suggest them to grow up on this
approach. Conclusion To conclude I can say that the meeting was very productive, which gives
clarity, transparency and better understanding towards other culture. It gives me good opportunity to
build an intercultural relationship and explore my self towards another culture as we as my

The Pros And Cons Of Sanskrit E-Learning
Sanskrit e–Learning is a project we are planning to implement. We are trying to tune our training
program with latest academic trends in India and rest of the word. In this article we are discussing
issues involved in traditional learning, present classroom learning and e–Learning. As the present
classroom learning involves four basic elements – chalk, blackboard, lecturer and students and
interaction, traditional Sanskrit learning is based on Gurukula system.
Sanskrit is the mother of all languages. It is most scientific language in term of Syntactic and
semantics. Think Sanskrit language is all about religious texts, this is not true.Though the way all of
Ancient Indian Scientific knowledgebase Astronomy, Chemistry, Mathematics, ... Show more
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For example, at this level, standards might be a consideration – Which standards to pursue? Or
finding a way to stay current on developments in the field. Other categories include: change
management, knowledge management, communities, and copyright.
Resources
The final category of the Sanskrit e–learning model is focused on Resources. Developing
technologies may impact e–learning, and awareness of these is important. As well, research and
resource sites are valuable in exploring the full depth of learning. These are also represented in this
stage of the model. Resources are divided into two areas: technology and general. This aspect of the
model is largely used for reference.
Final Thoughts The whole picture view of Sanskrit e–learning is dynamic – it changes in response to
trends in technology and practices. This model will continue to evolve and

Hunger Short Story
Throughout the novella Hunger by Lan Samantha Chang the reader is provided with different stories
of Chinese immigrant parents and their children and how it is that they all struggle to communicate
due to the different languages that are spoken by each member of the family, whether it be music or
an actual language. Although the hardship to communicate between parent and child is an important
problem to discuss there is a voice that is often left out, the voice of the internal and external
struggle that immigrant parents face. An immigrant parent will be faced with more difficulty to
assimilate to their new environment or in the case of Min they will reject the ideas of assimilation,
they create their own world in which their culture and self's remains intact. This leads me to wonder
why else someone would not wish to assimilate and what obstacles come with rejecting their new
environment.
Although it is not explicitly stated throughout the novella Min is reluctant to learn English due to the
fear of losing her culture and herself in the processes. Min's fear of losing herself further emphasizes
the internal struggles that immigrant parents face. Struggles that go unnoticed due to the focus
usually being the offspring and the struggles that they face as a product of immigrant parents.
Focusing more on why an immigrant parent would chose to not learn a language to protect their
identity and their culture, I have asked my parents about their own experiences and feelings

Nepali Interlanguage Research Essays
Introduction
Nepali belongs to the Indo–Iranian branch of the Indo–European language family and is closely
related to Hindi. It began appearing (in an older form) in what is now Nepal around 300 C.E., when
Hindu Indo–Aryans invaded the area from the south, displacing the Buddhist Kirantis. The now
unified Nepal is made up of over one hundred ethnic groups, each with its own language and
culture. Nepali is the national unifying language and is spoken by most Nepalis as a first or second
language (O'Rourke and Shrestha 2008, 9). In addition, Nepali is spoken in other areas of the
Himalayan region, including the southern part of Bhutan where it is the language of a substantial
and oppressed minority called the Lhotshampa (Riccardi 2003, ... Show more content on
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They have the distinct advantage in their new environment of having each other to converse with in
their native tongue, though even their communication with each other has begun to pick up bits and
pieces of an English lexicon.
Nepali acts as a lingua franca in areas throughout the Himalayan region and has a long history of
being imposed through military conquest and sustained by political domination. Because of this,
there are a number of related dialects that are spoken apart from the standard form, though it is
becoming increasingly standardized (Riccardi 2003, 540). It is hard to decipher, given my limited
communicative ability with the students and their young age, whether their idiolects represent a
non–standard variety of the language or are representative of overall tendencies.
Nepali is now one of the official languages of India and, like Hindi, it uses the Devanagari script
(O'Rourke and Shrestha 2008, 9). The alphabet has 67 characters, most of which, unlike English
orthography, have a single pronunciation (O'Rourke and Shrestha 2008, 15).
[Will discuss the main differences between Nepali and English and the peculiarities of Nepali
related to universal tendencies. Will use the theories of cross linguistic influence in second language
acquisition to determine the likely interlanguage forms of native Nepali speakers learning English.
What is the expected structure of the interlanguage of

Reflection Paper
I spent my life in school having troubled on understanding the learning in English when I moved to
America. I started to have some troubles with understanding and knowing a different language
(English) in this country and also having a problem with communication with other people who
speak English. It took me through the process to know and understand English when my mind was
focused and understanding my native language Chinese Cantonese. There are some moments that I
accidentally pronounced something wrong while I'm trying to learn English. I somehow accidentally
mixed some ideas with grammar along with English and Cantonese when I realized it was totally
different. My ability to learning and reading at school somehow still become an problem in English.
People in special Ed. said that I had disability. By the word disability I thought that only disability
only people who handicapped or on wheelchair. By learning a different disabilities I learned that my
disability works and struggles only the part of the brain function rather than a physical part than
some other people who are disabled. There are some issues with my English I had to get involved
with more support with teacher aides who specialize ESL (English Second Language) to help me
with understand and improve my English. I also had to get involved with special education in school
so that they could help me with my English language easier. I also had to involved in special
education with people who have disabled

American English Vs. British English
Possible intro in part– There no questioning the diversity of language both in the number of
languages and within each language its self. These varieties, brought on by differences in culture,
class, region and ethnics play a vital role to humanity. It is important for language to change and
adapt because of the Identity it provides culturally, regionally, and ethnically, the efficiency it
provides in translations and usage, and the new concepts it must cover. One of the main benefits of
changes in a language is the Identity provided by those changes. For example in history one large
change in history established a crucial identity, that of the American English vs British English. Due
to the introduction of new fauna and physical features, along with required interactions between
those of different languages and dialects including Spanish, German, Irish and Ameridian, the
English language began to change (). It was during the colonies vie for independence that the sense
of Identity provided by subtle differences in the language became important (). Noah Webster, a
schoolmaster, acknowledged this when Webster established the Federal English as he called it. In his
reasoning's a new nation needed a new language (Companion). The change in language helped
distinguish America from a mere colony of Britain while maintaining a connection to its roots.
While in the last case, language provided Identity between the Mother Nation and its child, it can
also provide Identity

Language Is An Art Essay
"Every language is a temple, in which the soul of those who speak it is enshrined."– Oliver Wendell
Holmes
Language is an art. An art is a language. To define language is the hardest thing on the earth because
one needs a language to define language. Emotions and feelings are the elements used by the artist
to express it to the nature. Mostly everything in this world has a day to celebrate it, same goes to
language too. Yes, the month of December is known for " National Learn A Foreign Language
Month."
The Oxford dictionary defines language as the method of human communication, either spoken or
written, consisting spoken or written using in a structured and conventional way. There are
approximately 5000 to 7000 languages in the world. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Students who learn other language studies during their university studies has a bright opportunity to
get a job in overseas or international companies. For example, engineering students are encouraged
to study German language as this language adds value when they apply job in future. Furthermore,
multilingualism also creates opportunity for students to pursue their studies abroad. Such as, by
participating or apply for International Student Exchange Programme (ISEP) where students from
secondary school or university study abroad at one of their institution partner institutions. In
addition to that, the students will return their homeland with new knowledge, understanding other
countries' cultures, being more mature and get new friends from their host

Codeswitching from English Essays
The use of codeswitching between English and other languages is examined from a sociolinguistic
perspective. It will be shown that codeswitching is instinctive and achieves overarching objectives
such as serving the outcome of speech, defining identity and indirectly delineating aspects of the
relationship between the participants, it 'lubricates' the conversation by making it more 'fluid', and
when English is used, brings clarity and precision, particularly to formal arrangements. Finally
codeswitching from English as a component of 'metrolinguistics' will be considered in relation to the
data provided.
The extracts are between G. D. Jayalakshmi, known as Jaya, who normally speaks English (but also
Kannada, a south Indian language, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
266), in which language choice signals identity 'projection'. This assertion might be challenged on
the grounds of the need for a spontaneous response in a telephone call, giving insufficient time for a
'considered' language choice.
The second extract, between Jaya and Prathiba is conducted almost entirely in Kannada, as they
have known each other for many years, and have a much closer working relationship. However the
English words 'paperwork' and 'legal clarification' are used in 2.5, which is otherwise spoken in
Kannada. These are 'loanwords' and fill a vocabulary gap (Ibid. p. 264), for as Jaya says in her
commentary 'I don't even know what the Kannada equivalent is', she refers to them as 'work words'
that are automatically 'embedded' into Kannada. Another example of embedding can be found at 4.9
where 'sixth' is used in a sentence spoken in Kannada, as Jaya comments 'we often embed English
numbers into Kannada'.
At the beginning of excerpt 3 Jaya chooses to use Hindi rather than English, with her brother, who is
on holiday visiting their father in India. Hindi was the language of their childhood in north India and
this allows her to be more personal and rebuke him over her difficulty in reaching him on the
telephone, so using Hindi in 3.1 she says 'and then I spoke to the entire world'. This use
demonstrates an aspect of 'stable bilingualism' (Ibid. p. 294) in a multilingual family, in this context
it can be called 'language maintenance' (Ibid.) and it is

The Importance Of Language In Education
It was during the 1800s that a decision was taken which had ended up being the turning point for the
language in education scenario in India and changed the orientation of language priority in Indian
education. The decision was taken to ignore the vernacular medium education and concentrate
entirely on English as the single language for instruction (Paranjpe & Prasad, 2010)(Sridhar, 1989).
It was made clear that those who had attained education in English would be preferred over the
vernacular educated class. English had become the language of higher education and with the
establishment of the prestigious universities in the major cities like Bombay, Calcutta, Madras,
Lahore, Allahabad and Punjab, English had achieved its supremacy (Sridhar, 1989) (Krishnaswamy
& Krishnaswamy, 2006). From this point onwards education came to be equated with English
education and those who studied in vernacular medium were put permanently in the background
(Sridhar, 1989), a mindset prevalent in the mind of Indians even today. Despite the changes which
were made in the language policies in the 1900s to make space for vernacular languages in the
educational setting did not meet with the expected success (Krishnaswamy & Krishnaswamy, 2006)
(Sridhar, 1989). By 1970s and 1980s about one–third of the India had its schools using English as
their medium of instruction (Paranjpe & Prasad, 2010). Hence the language in education policy
during the colonial era had created two different media of

Premchand and His Works Essay
Premchand and His Works May be for the western readers the name "Premchand" may be an alien
name. But for the great lovers of the Indian literature, his name comes at the top list. There is hardly
anyone who is oblivion about him, who has slight interest in Hindi and Urdu. Right from the
childhood, children are fed with the rich and delicious short stories written by him. Not only that, in
some homes, parents and grandparents narrate the stories of Premchand in place of lullaby. His
popularity reached up to such an optimum point that most of his works were translated in various
languages of the world. At present one can read his works in various languages. To begin with,
Premchand was a poet, novelist, playwright and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The priest was a tailor by profession. It is believed that, the love for Pharsi language was developed
in the tender heart of Premchand through his master, that's why he even took Pharsi till his B.A.
When Premchand was at the tender age of eight, his mother departed from this world leaving him at
the mercy of his father and elder sister (Sungi) aged fifteen. His elder sister was married in the same
year, before his mother passed away. Soon after the departure of his mother from this world, his
condition aggravated. It was not because they were in financial strain; rather it was because now,
there was no one who could fill up the gap of his love, which he had for his mother. His father
couldn't give much time to him due to his frequent transfer. His father's transfer took him to different
places, such as sometime at "Gorakphur", sometime at "Kanpur" sometime at "Illahabad", sometime
at "Luknow", sometime at "Jiyanpur" and sometime at "Badalgang". Just because of this tiresome
transfer from one place to another, his father was always preoccupied arranging different odds and
ends that; he failed to provide ample time to a motherless child. And just because of it, a huge gap
was formed between son and father, which remained till the last breath of his father. To make the
matter worse, his father remarried in persuasion of other people. At first Premchand was delighted
with a hope

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Indian Language
After independence in 1947, India adopted Hindi as its national language and decided to make it an
official language too. But in a multilingual country like India, establishing an official language was
not an easy task. There were, however, several problems with selecting Hindi. After independence,
the hatred feelings for British rule indulged with English languages, it reminds Indian mass of the
colonial rulers. However, there was also a section of people who believed that the English language
has contributed somehow in the freedom struggle of India and is having the capacity to do much
good for independent India too. The difference in opinion of these two sections of Indians was one
of the causes of language dispute. All these had created ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
KOTHARI COMMISSION (1964–1966)/ NPE1968 According to The National Policy of Education
based on recommendations made by Kothari commission " the energic development of the indian
languages and literature is sine qua non for the eduactional and cultural development. Unless it is
done, the creative energies of the people will not be released ,standard of education will not
improve,knowledge will not spread to the people ,the gap between the intelligentsia will remain , if
not widen further." (p–39).
THE NPE suggested that at the secondary level ,the state should adopt three language formula
WHICH INCLUDES
1.Study of any mordern indian language,apart from English and hindi in hindi speaking states.
2.Study of hindi along with english and regional language in non hindi speaking states. Also,it was
mentioned in the recommendations that special emphasis should be laid on the study of english
along with other international

Essay On Marginalization Of Urdu
ADDITONAL ENGLISH
C.I.A –1
Marginalization of Urdu language and its literature.
By:Sayeed ur Rehaman Class: BBA(F & A) SEC: A Registration No:1412129
Urdu a language considered as a heritage and tradition predominantly among the people of India and
Pakistan, a history of Urdu will give you an insight about the importance of its rich heritage,
Urdu is a language which is similar to Hindi is a form of an Indian language, it was evolved and
developed in the early period of 6th to 13th century AD after the advent of Islam in middle eastern
countries, it is dominantly influenced by the Arabic and Persian languages and roots of certain
words and vocabulary can be traced to the ancient language of India i.e. Sanskrit because the
language was evolved in India. With the advent of Islam in India the language was mostly adopted
by Muslim Indians and Persian was earlier used by Muslims in India even the Mughal empire in
India in the early days had ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
And even people started exploring English and marginalized their traditional languages because
English was considered as the language of knowledge as it consisted modern civilization, research
and innovations published in English language , but even though there were large number of people
wanting to learn English ,Urdu had its own importance as even the British government recognised
Urdu as an official language because as large part of India i.e. province of Lahore( currently
Pakistan) had dominantly practicing Urdu as they associated the language with their religion as most
of the holy scriptures were translated from Arabic to Urdu by many writers, Urdu language had its
own importance as people considered it as the language which had deep meanings into literary

Short Stories East By Salman Rushdie
Anyone who has ever had to leave his or her homeland knows how hard it is to begin a new life.
Someone who moves into a new land that has a completely different culture than what they may be
used to, can find it to be frightening as well as challenging. Many people who have found
themselves in this position find that they seem to become a completely different person and forget
who they once were. In Salman Rushdie's book of short stories East, West this seems to be a
common theme. Many of his characters find themselves leaving their homeland in hopes of a better
life, but in doing so start to question who they are. In addressing the postcolonial notions of
hybridity, exile, and nostalgia in the story The Courter, Mary has been used to communicate the
heart of an imaginary homeland.
In the story, Mary was an immigrant from India who with the help of the "Courter" tried to
assimilate to the England way. Throughout the story there is a constant wave of doubt and
frustration between her and her family as they try to learn what it means to live in England. When a
person is born they are born with some sort of identity. This may be their ethnicity, their family's
history, or their personality. When that person leaves the homeland that is fundamentally a part of
them, they in s sense lose a part of themselves. Mary on the other hand seems to have the opposite
problem. Her past is so ingrained that she cannot or does not what to let any of it go. Moving to
England was her first time

India 's Regional Language For National, Political, And...
India's population is diverse and ethnically consists of 72 percent Indo–Aryan, 25 percent Dravidian,
three percent other. Additionally the CIA reports that English is the official language for national,
political, and commercial communication while Hinduism is the primary language spoken with an
additional 14 regional dialects commonly used throughout the country. Figure 3 illustrates India as a
relatively young country with the total median age of 27.6 years (26.9 years for men and 28.3 for
women). India's population extends to 32.7 percent urban (68 percent rural) with an average annual
change of 2.38%, providing market opportunity. Urban agglomeration is found in New Delhi,
Mumbai, Bangalore, and Kolkata (formally spelled Calcutta). II. Economic Statistics/Activity 2.3
Channels of Distribution/Infrastructure Unless there is a way to move a product, the chances of it
succeeding is zero. Distribution is one of the key components when factoring in costs of production,
the contribution margin of a product, and the future predictions of the continuation of the production
of said product. There are numerous means by which a product can be shipped. The most common is
by interstate transportation. Rail systems are also a good and sometimes cheaper way to move a
product, but there are limited hubs where the rail systems go. Shipping by sea is the only viable
means of moving product from one continent to the other, but, it has its own inherent risks ranging
from

The Roles Of Language And Harish Trivedi's Communication...
Communication through language performs a pivotal role in a human life as it sustains it and
therefore essential. Of course, various means of communication like gestures and others can never
replace the use of a language in a human life. A human being is a God's creation, but a language is a
human creation. The same information in one language can be communicated differently through
different languages depending on culture, region, religion, politics and above all the society of the
speaker of a particular language. The interaction between two persons of two diverse nations would
be completely impossible due to the absence of knowledge of the other's language with each other.
Thus, the same situation extends itself to even at the level of a ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Partly because of the oral traditions and partly due to the destructions of innumerable texts because
of weather conditions, several problems arise when the earlier history of translation is attempted.
The history of translation in India has, according to Ritā Kothāri, three stages: "oral, written and
printed" with "no mechanism for tracing the oral tradition of translation". Further, she adds that "The
written tradition. . . is rooted in medieval India, around the fourteenth and fifteen centuries, when
excerpts from the Sanskrit scriptures began to travel into the 'regional' languages" (Kothāri 2003: 6–
7). However, it is believed that, as Krishnamurthy notes, the first requirement "for inter–language
communication in the subcontinent probably arose through trade" (Krishnamurthy 1998: 464).
Kautilya, known as Chānakya (c. 370–283 BC), a minister to Chandragupta Maurya (c. 340–298
BC), in the 4th century BC wrote "a treatise on statecraft" indicating "the status that the translator
might have had during this period" without the use of a word translator but "scribes" (Ibid: 465).
Thus, this activity of translation as a discourse offers India more opportunities due to its multilingual
status, whereas the possibility of translation in the West is less due to its monolingual status. Thus, it
is noticeable that multilingualism offers benefits to the practice of translation simultaneously

Parallel Web Pages in English and Regional Languages
Language identification of written text in the domain of Latin script based languages is a well–
studied research area. However, new challenges arise when it is applied to non–Latin–script based
languages, particularly for Asian languages' web pages. Web page classification creates new
research challenges because of the noisy nature of the pages. It's no doubt that English has been the
predominant language for the World Wide Web since its inception and so it's usage is confined to a
specific community of people have a good grasp of the English language. The serviceability factors
of the Internet have proven to be beneficial to a highly educated society, because of the linguistic
barrier. The solution to this problem is to provide web pages in regional languages. Our aim is to
provide web pages in pairs, of Devanagari and English web pages if it exists. In order to provide
parallel Web Pages in native language Hindi or Marathi on the fly we require classification of web
pages in Devanagari and English. We had experiment on 500 web pages in English and Devanagari
web pages and could label it correctly.
Keywords: Classification of Devanagari Web pages, UTF–8 Encoding .
1.Introduction
With the explosion of multi–lingual data on the Internet, the need and demand for an effective
automated language identifier for web pages is further increased. Web search in Indian languages is
constantly gaining importance. With the fast growth of Indian language content on the web, many

The British East India Company
The British East India Company first gained power in Bengal in 1757, after the Battle of Plassey,
when the Nawab of Bengal Siraj ud–Daulah surrendered his dominions to the Company. By 1773,
when the Company settled their capital in Calcutta, they appointed their first Governor–General,
Warren Hastings, and henceforth became directly involved in the governance of almost all of
India.When it came to the education policies that the Company implemented in India, not every
Governor–General had the same beliefs. Hastings was considered an Orientalist because he
supported the traditional/Oriental learning that was already in India. The Orientalists were later
opposed by advocates of a different approach to education in India called Anglicists. The Anglicists
were supporters of instruction in the English language in order to teach Indians modern Western
knowledge. This paper will be examining how The British East India Company, during its period of
rule in India, transformed society in terms of language and education by means of power and
religion.
In the beginning of their rule in India, the British East India Company actually did not intend to
implement their system of education or introduce the learning of the English language. In fac,t in the
late 18th century and early 19th century, the British East India Company was extremely opposed to
introduce English–language education due to the fact that the Company feared disrupting the system
in India that was already in place that

Summary Of English Vinglish
English Vinglish was directed by Gauri Shinde. The director uses her cast such as Sirdevi (who
retired after fifteen years to come back and work in this film) to produce a film about a middle class
under–appreciated homemaker, who has trouble with the English language. Released in 2012,
English Vinglish is a film that has created a heroine out of an uncelebrated housewife and offers an
understanding of a "new" Indian woman. Shashi is an Indian housewife who has superb culinary
skills. Using her skills, she runs a small business and makes and sells laddoos which are in high
demand throughout her city. She is a self–sacrificing woman whose work as a wife and mother are
reduced to duties. Shashi faces humiliation from her family because of her limited amount of
English. She receives news that her niece is getting married and she must travel to New York to help
organize the wedding. She is to travel to New York alone earlier and her family will meet with her
later. When she arrives in New York, she enrolls in a learn English in a 4–week course and
undertakes in a journey of discovering her identify and self–love. I will analyze English Vinglish as
it is a film that uses a female protagonist to propel the role of women in society and in families,
illustrate the deep rooted patriarchal mindset in society, and the emancipation and self–identity of a
woman. The film is also an example of how it questions the power invested in the English language
as the bridge language and

Importance Of English Language
3.1 Introduction
English is a language which can be traced back to the 5th century by migration and resettlement of
its speakers into the different parts of the world. Beginning its foundation of the American colonies
into Europe and into the 17th century with its establishment of the East India Company (Paranjpe &
Prasad, 2010). The 200 years of presence that English had in India left a huge impression on its
language orientation. Both attitudinally and linguistically English has made its place into the new
cultural environment and fresh communicative needs. Despite the government's support towards
Hindi, the language inculcating the largest number of speakers under it compared to the other Indian
Languages has not yet been able to take up the prestige that English holds in India. India's larger
population is bilingual with proficiency in English. Today it has earned the privilege as the language
of the world's developed countries, their technologies and economy (Paranjpe & Prasad, 2010). It is
the very reason that this language has caught the attention of the future generations irrespective of
their home country to put English at the pedestal and give development of their native tongue a
second place. The provision that English gives on the professional front is too strong as compared to
any of the other languages in India. It has not only acquired a wide range of functions in the Indian
society, but has also linguistically evolved its own characteristic features at the

Western Colonization Essay
There were many countries that had ever been colonized in the world. India is one of these countries
that affected by the Britain very much. From 16th century to 20th century, British colonialist began
the aggression and expanding. England had ever governed many countries by using force methods .
Absolutely, India became the target because of its widely nature products and lack of military power.
The ancient country was suffering the colonial bearing. As English invade , many parts of India
were changed such as culture, traditions and political structure. They also influenced Indians on
language. In old days, they usually used Hindi, but now they almost use English. Some changes are
positive while others are negative. Overall, in my ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Danino M, 2003) This is the problem of the education and language in Indian. The authors are
always used to use English to write their articles because their books can sale well and are
recognized by the world's literature in this way. So English has a great influence on Indian
traditional language.
The British rule also affects Indian traditional culture very much. India has many traditional cultures
include some festivals and food. But something changed after the British invade the India . It has
two sides of the culture. The advantage is that it makes easy for Indian to understand western
cultures. As India learned western culture, their mind became similar with the western people. India
is an ancient and conservative country. English took some new and advanced minds. Nowadays,
India is more open. Its technologies, especially computer and aviation are very. These are all related
to their change of culture. But it also has disadvantage. Traditional customs are now in danger.
People more like western festivals. Traditional cultures are facing the serious problems which make
Indian in an embarrassing position. In substance, the most significant aspect for the effects of the
colonization to India is political structure. Thousands of years ago, India is the monarchy country.
After it ended the colonization of the British, it changed into federal state. Although it

Opinion Mining in Hindi has Emerged as a New Area of Research
Opinions are very important in the life of human beings. Whenever a decision has been taken,
opinions of others are always considered. As the impact of the web is increasing day by day, web
documents can be seen as a new source of opinion for human beings. Large amount of information
is available on the web, so it is necessary to develop methods that automatically analyze and classify
this information. This domain is called Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining. Opinion Mining or
Sentiment Analysis is the mining of attitudes, opinions, and emotions automatically from text,
speech, and database sources through Natural Language Processing (NLP).But, from the last few
years, there is an enormous increase in web content in Hindi language. Research in opinion mining
mostly carried out in English language but it is very important to perform the opinion mining in
Hindi language also as large amount of information in Hindi is also available on the web. This
survey paper gives an overview of the work that has been performed in the area of Hindi language.
KEYWORDS
Opinion Mining, Sentiment Analysis, Reviews, Hindi Language WordNet.
1. INTRODUCTION
Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is an emerging area of research, because, the impact of the
web is increasing at a very fast rate, now most of the people would like to share their opinions,
feelings and experiences on the web.. Now people commonly use blogs, forums, e–news, reviews
channels and the social networking platforms such as

Kamala Dass Poetry Analysis
ABSTRACT
Indian English Literature constitutes the works of the Indian authors, poets and literary artists who
compose their works in English language. Indian English literature has drawn the attention from
every quarter of the country, making the genre magnificent in its own right. The writers of this genre
have skillfully made use of their own intelligence and intellect in weaving the web of their literary
works. While studying their literary works, the Indian audience finds a kind of close association
with the characters portrayed in them. Indian readers can identify themselves with their problems,
tensions as well as with the social, political, economic and cultural background presented in the
Indian English texts. Reference to Indian superstitions, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, it can be said that Kamala Dass has contributed immensely to the development of modern
Indian English poetry. She has successfully been able to assert herself through her poems. She,
through her literary gift of poetry, has been able to pour her heart out; as a result of which, we,
through her poems, are able to look into her subjective, anguished, tortured and painful psyche
which in turn has rated her as one of the greatest confessional poets.
Focusing on another genre of Indian English literature, I move on to bring to the fore the
development of drama. India has the longest as well as the richest tradition in drama. It existed
during the age of Vedic Aryans, under the British rule and after independence, this genre gained
great prominence in the field of literature. It is this genre which was largely influenced by the
movements of 20th century i.e. Marxism, Psychoanalysis, Symbolism and Surrealism. "According
to a legend, when the world passed form golden age to silver age, people started getting addicted to
sexual pleasure and jealousy, anger and desire. Then gods, demons, yakshas, rakshas, nagas
inhabited the whole world. At that moment, lord Indra requested God

Why English Is Used In Bollywood
Research Question 2? Why English is used in Bollywood films? 1.The role of English in India
society
After India gained independence, the status of English was not dwindled or lowered. Additionally, it
was regarded as the equal importance of second language in India, particularly in education. It is
even perceived as a preference for the instruction medium in school which enjoys the higher status
than Hindi medium schools. Furthermore, English has been widely spoken by middle or upper class.
With the global prevalence of English in the 20th and 21st century, English spawned unprecedented
opportunities for India's economy. Therefore, English remained its status despite ongoing objections
to protest Hindi and other local languages. Moreover, English ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The intensive success of box offices of Hindi film outside the India characterized its international
feature. As for its audience, Bollywood film makers have been attempting to attract audience
crossing the boundaries and achieve universal appeal by finding a middle path to make the film
catering for any audience (Ganti, T. 2013)..Therefore, English –based dialogues in Bollywood films
seems to contribute to appealing wider audiences in terms of region, social status and taste. Since
2000, a new audience category appeared on the Bollywood vocabulary which is called multiplexes.
This group of audience became the niche audience for Hindi filmmakers featured by smaller budget
and appeal for elite urban lifestyles and preference to westernized and various themed movies other
than traditional dancing and singing. This led to the growth of making English movies like the
breakthrough movie –– Bachchan's 2005 film Black, a smash hit based on the life story of a girl who
transcended the twin disabilities of blindness and deafness. Loosely based on the experiences of
Helen Keller, Black was a Hindi movie, but a large part of the dialogue was in English. In this way,
Bollywood's decision to craft home–grown English films makes commercial

India 's National Language, Pakistan
There was incredible suffering that the Partion of India caused in areas of Birtish India through
exchanges of population ...Dealing in various ways with the human tragedy endured by people on
both sides of this newly created border. One of the best, and perhaps most famous, partition story
clearly reveals this sense of bewilderment,"Toba Tek Singh" was written in Urdu, Pakistan's national
language, by Sadat Hasan Manto, a Kashmiri who left his home in 1948 and moved to Karachi,
Pakistan's capital. The story recounts the effects of partition on a very particular portion of the
population.
The 1955 short story, writen by Saadat Hasan Manto, was based on inmates of lunatic asylums being
split in the wake of the Partition – with Hindu and Sikh inmates being transferred to India and
Muslim inmates going to Pakistan. It focused on a particular inmate, Bishan Singh. Bishan Singh is
a Sikh inmate who, fifteen years earlier, had gone mad and was admitted to the asylum by his
family. Everyone in the asylum called him Toba Tek Singh, the name of his village. Almost bald, his
legs swollen, because he is always seen standing and occasionally leaning against the wall, he had
the habit of speaking this nonsensical phrase, "Uper the gur gur the annexe the bay dhayana the
mung the dal of the laltain." No one could understand what the gibberish meant but it may be the
message Manto tries to display, that the partion is nonsense. From the story we learn a little bit about
Bishan's family and

My English Language
Living a life walking on the language hyphen is demanding. And there are high expectations from
all sides. There are critical comments no matter who it's from. And there are judgments from
onlookers.
I constantly feel as if there is an invisible standard for what I should be able to do. I've lived my
entire life in Dallas, yet English is my second language, but people don't expect that from me when I
tell them. There is an expectation here, as well as one in India. When I talk to people in America,
sometimes I'll forget what a word is in English and I'll only be able to remember it in another
language. Likewise, when I speak Hindi, Kannada, or Marathi (depending on which side of my
family) with my family back in India, I speak broken English because there are some words that I
can't seem to remember.
While reading the poem Persimmons by Li–young Lee in class, I felt a connection between me and
the poem; I found something that I could relate to. Li–young, moved to the US from China when he
was a child. Coming from a place where he solely spoke Chinese to a new country where everyone
speaks English was a drastic change. He slowly learned new words in English, while simultaneously
burying the Chinese words underneath them. "Crickets: chiu chiu. Dew: I've forgotten. / Naked: I've
forgotten." (23–4) Analogous to Li–Young, I have the same struggle(s) with language(s) every
summer when I go to India for three months. Every time I visited, I realized how little I knew, I'd
pick up

Four Inter-Family Influences Of The Indo Aryan Language
Hence if we look at all the Indo Aryan languages, one aspect if quite clear is that they are all
derivatives of Sanskrit (Sebeok, 1963) which in turn have their roots set in Greek and Latin and
made its way into Indian soil via the Indo–Europeans (Sebeok, 1963). Out of all these Indo Aryan
languages, Hindi is considered to be the most progressive, as it is the most analytical followed by
Punjabi, Gujarati, Sindhi, Marathi, Bengali, and Oriya (Sebeok, 1963).
2.2.4 Inter–Family Influences
No languages can be given the title of pure language being devoid of any form of influence or mix
from languages belonging to their neighbouring boundaries or languages it might have come in
contact within the course of time. With the number of language families existing in the same soil
over the number of years, there is bound to be influences of one on another. For example, the Indo–
Aryan languages have quite a few Non–Indo–Aryan borrowings (Bagchi, Levi and Bloch, 1929). It
must be remembered that the Aryans had come into the Indian soil after the Dravidians and Tibeto–
Burma family already residing in the North–western regions of India. It is seen that the ancient
Indo–Aryan language Sanskrit has strand of Pre–Aryan languages namely, the Dravidian and Munda
language (Sebeok, 1963). While the Tibeto–Burma influence is said to have come in while the
Aryans were coming in from the Northern boundaries of India. Aryans were coming in from a
temperate region into the tropical environment of

1.Introduction:. The English Language Plays An Unparalleled
1. Introduction: The English language plays an unparalleled role in the educational system, mass
media, courts, administration, commerce and industry in India. English has formed a deep
psychological association with most Indians. It is firmly believed that a thorough knowledge of
English is indispensable if one wants to come up in life. But the same kind of English cannot be
taught to students belonging to different streams, in other words, the English that we teach our
young students must suit their tastes and serve their needs. With the diversification of the activities
and professions comes the need to teach English differently to different groups to suit their different
objectives. A medical practitioner does not require what a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
In this paper, we would try to make a modest attempt at identifying certain factors that may need
scholarly attention and objective revision. Some of these factors are not unknown to the scholars in
the field, and some other factors are already in practice, but we sincerely believe that an objective
look at these factors may help to improve the situation. Unlike in the past, the English language
teaching now has acquired new dimensions in order to fit itself in all the domains in which it is used.
Communicative skills in English what are expected today and one's progressing life in practical
every domain require at least a basic knowledge of English. This changing scenario of English in
India makes it necessary for us to take a closer look at the English language teaching in India, the
methods the syllabi to see whether it meets all these demands. In spite of our best efforts to promote
Indian languages in all spheres of knowledge, it is still not feasible for us to replace English with
Indian languages in every field. On the other hand, the importance of English and the use of English
have increased manifold, if anything. With the increasing global importance of English, we cannot
shut our eyes to the reality, and hence, naturally we continue to use English and teach English
evermore in various fields. Today we use

Amit Chaudhuri Diasporic Themes
DIASPORIC CONSCIOUSNESS IN AMIT CHAUDHURI'S "A NEW WORLD"
Abstract
Diaspora is a displacement of a community or individual from one geographical region to another
geographical region. Indian English Fiction is repleted with several instance of diasporic issues
where the artist makes an effective endeavour to present India's rich varied culture, tradition, and
heritage while living in abroad. Like Amit Chaudhuri's fourth novel "A New World" under the
prespective of diasporic issues such as rootlessness, identity crisis, nostalgia, homesickness, conflict
between tradition, and modernity etc., He is not a diaspora writer. Amit Chaudhuri is writing in the
great Bengali tradition. Chaudhuri differ in almost everything realities being portrayed to their
intellectual mooring, narrative concerns and use of language. The central character Jayojit
Chatterjee, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The new worlds emerging from such phenomena go beyond the personal, for the country they left
behind is changed as well as the one to which they go. The Indian diaspora contains a high number
of professionals, making for a global expatriate community with a strong measure of influence and
clout. Chaudhuri's novel is a gently told, convincing glimpse into the life of one ordinary non–
resident Indian, stated in deceptively simple, elegantly rendered.
Works cited: Chaudhuri, Amit A New World. Picador, 2000. Ganguly, Dabjani. "Of Unremarkable,
Un–Rushdie–like Lives: the Diasporic 'Local' in the Latest Fiction of Amit Chaudhuri." Crnle
Journal (2000): 84–95. Gokhale, Namita. "The Business of Living." Rev. of "A New World". The
Book Review 24.8 (Aug 2000):35. Gerenin, James. Rev. of "A New World". World Literature Today
75.2 (Spr 2001): 316–317. Khair, Tabish. Rev. of "A New World". Wasafiri 32(Aut 2000):62–64.
http://books.google.co.in/books isbn=339658061.

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