The document is a presentation about business analysis that discusses: 1) The different roles of a business analyst and how they have shifted over time from more technical roles to more collaborative roles. 2) Different frameworks that can be used for business analysis like the 4Ms, 4Ps, 4Ss and POPIT model. 3) The importance of business analysis in helping solve problems and seize opportunities by understanding customer perspectives.

1. www.businesschange.academy 1
IIBA-SA Professional Development Day
Presented by Joe Newbert
24 July 2019
Build your business
analyst career the
smarter way

2. Email: joe.newbert@bcmg.co.za
Twitter: @newbert
LinkedIn: /in/newbert
Joe Newbert
Chief Training Officer
Business Change Academy
www.businesschange.academy
Hello02
2

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How’s business analysis going?03
Consider purpose, scope
– in and out,
responsibilities,
deliervables
Consider stakeholders,
projects, delivery,
methods and tools
What is business
analysis?
QUICK STARTERS What are your
challenges?
• The 4 M’s: Methods, Machines,
Materials, Manpower
• The 4 P’s: Place, Procedure,
People, Policies
• The 4 S’s: Surroundings, Suppliers,
Systems, Skills
• The 6 Ps: People, Place, Processes,
Physical Evidence,
Product/Service, Performance
Measures
• POPIT: Process, Organisation,
People, Information Technology
• Or any combination you choose

4. The four shifts of business analysis04
• Request receiver
• Programme labour
• Surrogate SME
• Information facilitator
• Systems analyser
• Logical reasoner
• Intuitive empathizer
• Pattern recognizer
• Meaning maker
1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0
• Business scribe
• Needs translator
• Project courier
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Business Analysis is helping someone to
solve their problem or seize an opportunity.
Understanding the customer's perspectives,
desires, and world-view. Satisfying the wish
for products that match peoples needs.
Building relationships to create meaningful
change and make a positive difference.

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Breaking business analysis down06
Establishing the
requirements for the IT
system
Improving business
processes to enhance the
operations
Defining tactics to align
performance with
strategy
IT Improvement Process Improvement Business Improvement
AUTHORITY
SCOPE
Less More
Less More

7. THE FOUR AMBITIONS
THE FIVE TYPES OF PEOPLE THIS IS PERFECT FOR
• You already have a business analyst career and you’re
ready to take it to the next level
• You’re in a business or an IT project role and are looking
to transition (or you need to ‘leverage’ business analysis
skills for your current role)
• You’ve no experience or have recently graduated from
university, and you’re looking to start a business analyst
career
• You’re a contractor or want to be contractor… and you’re
responsible for your own project delivery and career
development
• You want to be a business analysis coach or mentor and
help other people and organisations with their business
analysis
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Business analysis is aspirational07
Professional
Growth
Project
Goals
Personal
Recognition
Meaningful
Work

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Technique Driven Analysis08
• Activates analysis
• Elasticity of ‘technique stacking’
• Meets the situations needs
• Brings business relevance
• Stimulates systems thinking
• Brings meaningful collaboration
• Mobilises stakeholders
• Opens up future possibility
• Pedestals documentation
• ‘One size fits all’ form
• Limits the approach
• Encourages content fodder
• Stagnates the business analyst
• Builds organisational silos
• Keeps roots in ‘bridging the gap’
• Dumbs down business analysis
Template Driven Analysis Technique Driven Analysis

9. The seven step business analysis process model09
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1.Investigate the
business
situation
5.Define the
holistic
requirements
4.Propose the
business
solution
7.Realise the
business
benefits
2.Understand the
stakeholders’
views
3.Analyse the
business needs
6.Implement the
business
changes

10. Six behavioural triggers10
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Team WorkingAnalytical Thinking
Influencing LeadershipCommunication
Problem Solving
Approaching an issue with the outlook
that the problem can be solved, and
pragmatically find alternatives
Collecting information from many
sources, and understanding your role
and what needs to be done
Communicate with business and
project stakeholders in a language and
style they are comfortable with
Understanding factors that influence
the decision and defining a course of
action to take the decision forward
Creating a vision of what needs to be
done in order to address a business
issue and driving its achievement
Digging deeper and deeper until the
true situation is uncovered and the real
problem is defined

11. Activating business analysis11
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1.Investigate the
business
situation
5.Define the
holistic
requirements
4.Propose the
business
solution
7.Realise the
business
benefits
2.Understand the
stakeholders’
views
3.Analyse the
business needs
6.Implement the
business
changes
Influencing Leadership
Analytical ThinkingProblem Solving
Communication
Team Working

12. Every successful business, every successful
project, every successful solution starts with
successful business analysis.
Whether you’re looking to start a career in business analysis or
grow your existing career… you need a solid approach.
www.businesschange.academy
Your business analysis role inside projects12
12
The
Business
Project
The
Process
Project
The
Systems
Project

13. The Business Project13
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Business objectives and strategy
Explore the
business gap
Analyse the
stakeholder views
Recommend the
business solution
Investigate the
business situation
Conceptualise the
business activities
View of current
business situation
View of perceived
situation
View of desired
business situation
Set of potential
actions
Business Case
• PESTLE
• 5-Forces
• MOST Analysis
• Resource Audit
• CSFs, KPIs and PTs
• Interview
• Workshop
• Observation
• Document Analysis
• Rich Picture
• Mind Map
• Fish Bone Diagram
• Stakeholder wheel
• Power/Interest
Grid
• Stakeholder
management plan
• Network analysis
• CATWOE Analysis
• Root definitions
• Business Activity
Modelling
• Principled
negotiation
• Business activity
assessment
• POPIT Model
• As-`is and To-Be
Business Process
modelling
• Feasibility Analysis
• Force-field analysis
• Impact analysis
• Cost/Benefit
analysis
• Investment
appraisal methods
• Risk analysis
OutputInput

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Understand business objectives and strategy14
Element Description
Political Governmental influences on the organisation’s environment
Economical Aspects within the economy that have an impact on the organisation and market
Socio-cultural Behaviour, preferences and attitudes of the target markets
Technological Technological advances that are occurring and causing changes
Legal Regulatory and legal changes likely to affect the industry
Environmental ‘Green’ issues that may impact on the industry or organisation
PESTLE Analysis
Q. Let’s analyse The
City of Cape Town
water crisis

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Analyse the stakeholders’ views15
Element Description
Customer The beneficiaries (or victims) of the outputs from the business system
Actors The stakeholder roles that carry out the activities within the transformation
Transformation The main business activity/core process that delivers the outputs to the customer
Worldview The underlying beliefs and meaning that explains why the business activity exists
Owner The overall authority who can instigate change (or cause the system to cease)
Environment The constraints imposed within the environment surrounding the business activity
CATWOE Analysis
Q. Let’s consider
perspectives for the
Prison Service

16. The Process Project16
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Business objective and strategy
Redesign the
business process
Model the current
situation
Implement the
process changes
Document the
business enterprise
Analyse the
business process
Organisational
Model
As-Is Process
Models
Process Analysis
Worksheets
To-Be Process
Models
Operationalised
processes
• PESTLE analysis
• 5 Forces analysis
• Stakeholder
analysis
• Value chain analysis
• Value proposition
• Organisational
modelling
• Business event
analysis
• Business activity
Modelling
• Swimlane diagram
• OPOPOT check
• Business rules
analysis
• As-is analysis
• Task analysis
worksheet
• Activity diagram
• Human
performance
analysis worksheet
• Performance
analysis
• Performance
analysis
• Process
measurement
• Value proposition
• Customer analysis
• Redesign strategies
• Redesign patterns
• Improvement
approaches
• Swimlane diagrams
• Task worksheets
• POPIT
• Impact analysis
• Risk analysis
• Organisational
design
• Job modelling
• Stakeholder
analysis
• Force-field analysis
• Use case diagram
• Benefits
confirmation
OutputInput

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Document the business enterprise17
Value proposition
Q. Let’s analyse a
variety of popular
shoe brands
Functionality Price Quality Choice Availability
RelationshipImage
Influenced by organisation
Influenced by product / service attributes

18. Customer perspective Adds value to the customer, including less obvious customers
Simplify the process Streamline, remove redundancy, check for bottlenecks and loops
Automation Examine the tasks and consider how they could be carried out by IT
Manage the process Communication failures, handoffs and goals, management issues
Manage the staff Skills, education, resourcing, motivation, reward, enriching
Refine the process Self service, flexibility, challenge rules, benchmark, service levels
Reengineering Start with a blank sheet and focus on the goals
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Redesign the business process18
Improvement
approaches
Q. Let’s reimagine
applying for an ID at
Home Affairs

19. The IT Project19
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Business objective and strategy
Validate the
requirements
Document the
requirements
Deliver the
requirements
Elicit the
requirements
Analyse the
requirements
Requirements List Requirements
Catalogue
System models
Packaged
Requirements
Implemented
requirements
• Interview
• Workshop
• Observation
• Document analysis
• Activity sampling
• Focus group
• Record searching
• Survey
• Special purpose
record
• Scenario Analysis
• Prototype
• Requirements list /
catalogue
• Context diagram
• User stories
• Use Case Diagram
• Use Case Narrative
(Discovered/brief)
• Class Diagram
• State Transition
Diagram
• Business
• Traceability analysis
• Business / System
Use Case
(Narrative/Fully
dressed)
• Class diagram
• State charts
• Organisation and
categorisation
• Necessity and
feasibility checking
• Quality criteria
• MoSCoW
• Requirement / use
case matrix
• CRUD
• Formal reviews
• Informal reviews
• Prototyping
• Confirmations
• Acceptance criteria
• Requirements
filters
• Positional/principle
d negotiation
• Package selection
• Gap analysis
• POPIT risk/impact
• User acceptance
tests
• Standard operating
procedures
• Change control /
collaboration
• Benefits
confirmation
• Lesson learned
OutputInput

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External business environment analysis20
Use Case Diagram
Q. Let’s model the
functions of an bank
ATM
Order Processing System
Record order
Sales
Clerk
System boundary
Use case
Communication or
association
Actor

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External business environment analysis21
Use case name The name of the function (noun verb)
Primary actor(s) The person that interacts with the system
Preconditions What must be true at the outset of the use case
Trigger/event The event or condition that causes the use case to start
Success guarantee Things that are true at the conclusion of the use case sequence
Main success scenario The sequence of user and system interactions and related behaviour
Alternate flows (or exceptions) Variations when the sequence doesn’t follow the ‘happy path’
Use Case Narrative
Q. Let’s document
making an ATM
withdrawal

22. Project and technique stacking22
www.businesschange.academy
Explore the
business gap
Analyse the
stakeholders’ views
Recommend the
business solution
Investigate the
business situation
Conceptualise the
business activities
Redesign the
business process
Model the existing
processes
Implement the
process changes
Document the
business enterprise
Analyse the
business process
Validate the
Requirements
Document the
requirements
Deliver the
Requirements
Elicit the
requirements
Analyse the
requirements
22

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If you offer what they
offer, you have no
competitive advantage.

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Your next steps24
Skills development process Developing competencies
Unconscious Conscious
1 2
34
Incompetent
Competent

25. Twitter: @businesschange
LinkedIn: /company/businesschange
Web: www.businesschange.academy
Email: team@businesschange.academy
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