Sunrise 10 Grammar Unit 1 prepared by : Btwen Saber teacher at Gasha High school

1. Present simple‫شادة‬ ‫ِانةبردووى‬‫ر‬
A . main verb
Present simple tense is used for the following reasons :
1.things that are true in general : example / Jackson leaves alone.
2. for habits or for things that happen sometimes or all time :
For example : she gets up at 8:00 every morning.
I sometimes skip breakfast.
3. something that happens again and again in the present :
They play football every weekend.
4. something that is always true :
Adult human body contains 206 bones .
*: ‫َتةوة‬‫ي‬‫دةناشر‬ ‫وشانة‬ ‫بةم‬ ‫شادة‬ ‫ِانةبردووى‬‫ر‬
Always, every day , every month , never , often , normally , sometimes , twice a week ,
twice a day
‫كردنى‬ ‫زياد‬ ‫ضؤنيةتى‬( s )‫و‬( es )‫فرمانةكاى‬ ‫شةر‬ ‫بؤ‬
1.‫ثيتى‬ ‫بة‬ ‫كؤتايياى‬ ‫كة‬ ‫فرمانانةى‬ ‫ئةو‬( e )‫تةنًا‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫ياتووة‬( s )‫ِشتةكة‬‫ر‬ ‫بكةرى‬ ‫ئةطةر‬ ‫يو‬ ‫دةكة‬ ‫زياد‬ ‫بؤ‬ ‫ياى‬
( he , she , it )‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ب‬
Write ____ writes like _____ likes live _______ lives use ________ uses
2.‫ياتووة‬ ‫ثيتانة‬ ‫بةم‬ ‫كؤتايياى‬ ‫كة‬ ‫فرمانانةى‬ ‫ئةو‬( s , ss , sh ,ch , x , o , z )‫ئةوا‬( es )‫دةكةيو‬ ‫زياد‬ ‫بؤ‬ ‫ياى‬
ِ‫ر‬ ‫بكةرى‬ ‫ئةطةر‬‫شتةكة‬( he , she , it )‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ب‬go __ goes watch __ watches pass_____ passes
3.‫ياى‬ ‫كؤتايى‬ ‫ئةوفرمانةنةثيتى‬y‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ب‬‫ثيتى‬ ‫َش‬‫ي‬‫ث‬( y )‫ثيتى‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ياتب‬ ‫نةبسوويو‬ ‫َكى‬‫ي‬‫ثيت‬( y )‫بة‬ ‫دةكةيو‬( i )
‫ثاشاى‬( es ): ‫وةكو‬ ‫دةكةيو‬ ‫زياد‬marry – marries , study – studies , carry—carries
4.‫ئةوا‬ ‫مايةوة‬ ‫َك‬‫ي‬‫فرمان‬ ‫يةر‬ ‫شةرةوة‬ ‫َةكانى‬‫ل‬‫خا‬ ‫جطةلة‬( S )‫ى‬‫وةكو‬ ‫دةكةيو‬ ‫زياد‬ ‫بؤ‬play __ plays break__ breaks
Prepared by: Btwen Saber

2. es
1. Affirmative َ‫ى‬‫ئةر‬ ‫تاك‬ ‫ياشاى‬ S + V s + Complement .
He works in a factory . The sun rises in the east . It runs very fast.
‫بكةر‬ ‫ئةطةر‬he , she , itَ‫ى‬‫ئةر‬ ‫بؤكاتى‬ ‫فرماى‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ب‬( s )‫ياى‬( es )‫شادة‬ ‫ِانةبردووى‬‫ر‬ ‫ِشتةى‬‫ر‬ ‫لة‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫وةردةطر‬
2. Affirmative :‫كؤ‬ ‫بؤ‬ َ‫ى‬‫ئةر‬ S + V. base + complement .
They come from Europe. We play the guitar I start work at 8 every morning
‫ِشتةكة‬‫ر‬ ‫بكةرى‬ ‫ئةطةر‬( they , we , you , I )‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ب‬ ‫ضاوط‬ ‫فرمانةكةماى‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫دةب‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬( base )
Base‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ثيوةب‬ ‫ياى‬ ‫ئةمانة‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ناب‬ ‫كة‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫دةوتر‬ ‫فرمانانة‬ ‫بةو‬ ‫ضاوط‬ :‫دةبةيو‬ ‫الى‬ ‫بوو‬ ‫َوةى‬‫ي‬‫ث‬ ‫ئةطةر‬( es , s , ing , ed )
‫ئةطةر‬ ‫ياى‬( past , past participle )‫خؤياى‬ ‫َى‬‫م‬‫ئةش‬ ‫بؤ‬ ‫ِيهةوة‬‫ر‬َ‫ي‬‫ط‬ ‫دةياى‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ب‬
goes – go , stopped – stop , built ---- build , eaten—eat
3. Negative : ‫تاك‬ ‫بؤ‬ َ‫ى‬‫نةر‬ : S + does + not + v .base + complement.
‫ِشتةكة‬‫ر‬ ‫بكةرى‬ ‫ئةطةر‬( he , she , it )‫بة‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬doesَ‫ى‬‫نةر‬ ‫بة‬ ‫كةيو‬ ‫دةى‬negative‫وةكو‬
She goes to school. ( negative ) she does n't go to school.
He plays football on Sunday . ( Negative ) He does not play football on Sunday.
4. Negative: ‫كؤ‬ ‫بؤ‬ َ‫ى‬‫نةر‬ : S + do + not + V. base + complement.
‫بوو‬ ‫كؤ‬ ‫ِشتةكة‬‫ر‬ ‫بكةرى‬ ‫ئةطةر‬( they , we , you , I )‫بة‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬( do )َ‫ى‬‫نةر‬ ‫بة‬ ‫كةيو‬ ‫دةى‬Negative
They come from Europe. (Negative ) they do not came from Europe.
I do exercises. (negative ) I don't do exercises.
Question:
1-‫ِشتةكة‬‫ر‬ ‫ئةطةربكةرى‬(he,she.it)‫بة‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬does‫ثرشياردةكةيو‬
Does + S + verb base + complement + ?
Does he walk in the street?He walks in the street. ( question )
2-‫ِشتةكة‬‫ر‬ ‫بكةرى‬ ‫ئةطةر‬(they,we,you.I)‫بة‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬Do‫دةكةيو‬ ‫ثرشيار‬
Do + S + verb base + complement + ?

3. They have books . (question ) Do they have books ?
3-‫ِشتةكة‬‫ر‬ ‫ئةطةربكةرى‬(he,she.it)‫بة‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬does‫دةدةيهةوة‬ ‫ثرشيارةكة‬ ‫َمى‬‫ال‬‫وة‬
4-‫بة‬ ‫ثرشيارةكةماى‬ ‫َمى‬‫ال‬‫ئةطةروة‬yes‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ناب‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬not‫ياى‬n't‫وةكو‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫يةب‬ ‫َمدا‬‫ال‬‫وة‬ ‫لةكاتى‬
Does she play guitar? Yes, she does
Does he go to school? Yes, he does
5-‫بة‬ ‫ثرشيارةكةماى‬ ‫َمى‬‫ال‬‫ئةطةروة‬No‫َت‬‫ي‬‫دةب‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬not‫ياى‬n't‫وةكو‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫يةب‬ ‫َمدا‬‫ال‬‫وة‬ ‫لةكاتى‬
Does he play tennis? No, he does not
6-‫ِشتةكة‬‫ر‬ ‫بكةرى‬ ‫ئةطةر‬(they,we,you.I)‫بة‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬Do‫دةدةيهةوة‬ ‫َم‬‫ال‬‫وة‬
7-‫بة‬ ‫ثرشيارةكةماى‬ ‫َمى‬‫ال‬‫ئةطةروة‬yes‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ناب‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬not‫ياى‬n't‫وةكو‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫يةب‬ ‫َمدا‬‫ال‬‫وة‬ ‫لةكاتى‬
Do you hate gymnastic? Yes, I do
8-‫بة‬ ‫ثرشيارةكةماى‬ ‫َمى‬‫ال‬‫ئةطةروة‬No‫َت‬‫ي‬‫دةب‬ ‫ئةوا‬ ‫بوو‬not‫ياى‬n't‫وةكو‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫يةب‬ ‫َمدا‬‫ال‬‫وة‬ ‫لةكاتى‬
Do you hate gymnastic? No, I do not
‫ثرشياردا‬ ‫دانةوةى‬ ‫َم‬‫ال‬‫وة‬ ‫كاتى‬ ‫لة‬( you )‫د‬‫بة‬ ‫َت‬‫ي‬‫ب‬ ‫ة‬( I )‫وة‬( I )‫يش‬( DO )‫وةردةطريت‬
Do you need some help ? yes , I do No, I don't
WH-Question
( when , where , how , why , who , what , ….. etc. )
does
Wh ….. + + S + v, base + complement + ?
do
When does your mother go to work ? She goes to work at 6 o'clock.
Where do you meet your friends ?
What do you play on your computer ?
Where do you live ?
Prepared by : Btwen Saber

4. Present simple‫شادة‬ ‫ِانةبردووى‬‫ر‬
B. verb be
am noun
1. affirmative : S + are + adjective .
is adverb
he is a student . she is happy. They are from USA . we are late.
am noun
2. negative : S + are + not + adjective .
is adverb
she is n't a teacher , they are n't sad . I am not at home now.
He was clever . ( present simple / negative ) he is not clever.
Am noun
3.Question : Are + S + adjective + ?
Is adverb
Are you tall ? Yes , I am No, I am not
Is she a nurse ? Yes , she is No, She is not
Am noun
4.Question : wh…. + Are + S + adjective + ?
Is adverb
She is in the class. ( where ) where is she ?
What time is it now ? why are you late ? what is this ? who are you ?
How long is the journey ? where is he from ?

5. Prepared by : Btwen Saber