The document discusses the present simple and present continuous tenses in Arabic. It provides rules for forming the positive, negative, and questions for both tenses. It also discusses when each tense is used - the present simple is used to describe regular events, general truths, habits and characteristics, while the present continuous is used to describe what is happening at the moment or a temporary state. Examples are provided to illustrate the rules and usage of both tenses.

2. 2
: The tenses
The Present simple–‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬‫اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ‬-
Positive :
: ‫ـﺎﻋﺪة‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟ‬. ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬UI , we , you , they)U + V(base) + comp(
‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ‬U(He, she, iUt) + V+(s or es ) + comp .
‫اﻟﻨﻔﻲ‬Negative :
. ‫ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺮد‬(I , we , you , they) + don’t + V(base) + comp
‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ‬(He, she, it) +doesn’t + V(base) + comp .
‫اﻟﺴﺆال‬Question :
Do + (I , we , you , they) + V(base) + comp ? yes, I do no, I don’t .
Does +( He, she, it) + V(base) + comp ? yes , he does no, he doesn’t .
‫اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ‬‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬‫ﻧﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻰ‬When we use the simple present :
1- we use the present simple tense to :
‫ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اﺣﺪاث‬‫ﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬* describe regular events :
- I get up at seven o`clock ( Uevery day U) .
- we UusuallyU meet after work .
. ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﺎﻻت‬ ‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺣ‬‫ﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬* describe general truths and states
(‫اﻟﺸﻤﺲ)ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬‫ﺣﻮل‬‫ﺗﺪور‬ ‫اﻻرض‬.-UThe earthU goes round Uthe sunU.
. (‫ـﻠﺐ)ﺣﻘﻴﻘﺔ‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬- Exercise helps your heart.
. (‫)ﻫﻮاﻳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﻮ‬‫ﺗﻠﻌﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬- She plays the piano .
‫م‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻴﺶ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬‫ان‬‫ﺷﺴﺘﺮ‬They UliveU in Manchester .-
‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬s‫او‬es: ‫ﻟﻼﻓﻌﺎل‬
) ‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ -ssshchzo‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬‫اﺧﺮ‬‫اﻟﻰ‬‫ﻧﻀﻴﻒ‬ (es.
‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ -y‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻧﺒﺪﻟﻬﺎ‬ies: ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬hurryhurries.
‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ -y) ‫ﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬‫وﻗﺒﻠﻪ‬aioue‫ﻧﻀﻴﻒ‬ (s‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬‫اﺧﺮ‬:playplays.
.‫واﻟﻌﺎدات‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬‫ﻇﺮوف‬*Adverb of frequency and habits :
‫اﻟﻌﺎدات‬ -(Habits):always- usually- often – some times – normally
2: ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬‫ﻇﺮوف‬ -never , rarely , hardly
1+ 2 *–ً‫ﺎ‬‫داﺋﻤ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻞ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﻢ‬U‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬‫وﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪث‬‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬

3. 3
3: ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﺑﻴﺮ‬ -Daily- Weekly- Every- Three times a … - on Monday
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫آﺧﺮ‬‫ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻬﻢ‬ *
4‫ﺷﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬ ‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺣ‬ -‫ب‬ ‫وﻛﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺣ‬ -‫أ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟﺤ‬‫وﺗﻘﺴﻢ‬ : ‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟﺤ‬ -
: ‫واﻟﻜﻮﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ‬‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟﺤ‬ *Water , Animals, books , The brain
: ‫اﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ‬‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻘ‬‫*اﻟﺤ‬Age , Name , weight , Job
U‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ‬ -: ‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟﺤ‬U.
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮس‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ *be )‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬ ‫ـﺎﻋﻞ‬‫ﻔ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫اذا‬ (is‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫واذا‬are
Example:
1- Teachers UOftenU ………. the students ( support )
2- Ali UusuallyU ………… the piano well ( play )
3- Huda …………, UalwaysU careful ( UbeU )
4- UWaterU ………… of tow elements : oxygen and Hydrogen ( consist ) .
5- UThe earthU ………….round the sun ( go)
6- The sun ……. round the earth ( not go)
‫اﻟﺤﻞ‬:
1- support 2- plays 3- is 4- consists 5- goes 6- does
not go.
Example :
1- do you have a shower every morning ?
2- what time do you go downstairs ?
3- why do you like the week end ?
4- does sam listen to the radio ?
5- what program does she watch ?
6- does he often miss the bus ?
7- how does colin get to college ?
8- I don’t like jazz , do you ?
Yes , I do , but I don’t like opera
9- Mario doesn’t drink milk
10- corla doesn’t read the newspapers
‫اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎع‬‫ﻓﻘﺮات‬ ‫ﻗﺮاءة‬ : ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‬1.1‫و‬1.2‫و‬1.3‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬132.

4. 4
‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬the present continuous
‫ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺏ‬Positive :
- I + UamU + ( UV+ingU ) + comp .
- ( he she it ) + UisU + ( UV+ingU ) + comp .
- (we youthey) + UareU + (UV+ingU ) + comp .
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ‬Negative :
- I + Uam notU + ( UV+ing U) + comp .
- ( he she it ) + Uis notU + ( UV+ingU ) + comp .
- (we youthey) + Uare notU + (UV+ingU ) + comp .
‫ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ‬Questions :
- am + I + ( V+ing ) + comp ? yes , I am no , I am not
- is + (hesheit) + ( V+ing ) + comp ? yes , he is no , he is not
-are + (we youthey) + (V+ing ) + comp ? yes , you are no , you are not .
‫ﺍﻹﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬Use :
We use the present continuous tense to :
*‫ﻟﻨﻮﺻﻒ‬‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﻳﺤﺼﻞ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ‬say what happening at the moment .
-‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬‫ﻧﺸﺎﻫﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺎﺯ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻈﺔ‬we are watching tv at the moment .
-‫ﺍﻳﻦ‬‫ﺟﻴﻦ‬‫؟‬‫ﺍﻧﻬﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻡ‬where is jane ? she is having a bath .
*‫ﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬‫ﻣﺆﻗﺘﺔ‬describe a temporary state .
- I am staying with friends for the weekend .
‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬‫ﺍﺑﻘﻰ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺍﺻﺪﻗﺎﺋﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬‫ﺍﻟﻌﻄﻠﺔ‬
- I am living with my parents until I find house .
‫ﺍﻧﺎ‬‫ﺍﻋﻴﺶ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺍﻫﻠﻲ‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫ﺍﺟﺪ‬‫ﻣﻨﺰﻝ‬
*‫ﻟﻮﺻﻒ‬‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﻲ‬describe a future arrangement .
-‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﻟﻨﺪﻥ‬ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﻏﺪ‬I am going to London tomorrow .
-‫ﺳﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬‫ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻬﺎ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫ﺍﻟﻈﻬﺮ‬she is meeting her boyfriend this afternoon .
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ‬Keywords :
Now , Right now , at present , These days , at the moment.


Look . Listen , Be careful , Don't , Can you ? I can )
Examples :

5. 5
- The secretary ………… your curriculum vaitae now ( type)1
- I ………….. with my grandmother at the moment ( stay)2
3- Look , the young man ………… the lions ( feed)
- Listen , the secretary ………….. your name now ( call)4
- Don't go outside now , it …………… heavily ( rain )5
- Sami ………….. on the thesis at the moment ( work)6

1- is typing 2- am staying 3- is feeding 4- is calling
5- is raning 6- is working

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬3. ‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
I………. ( work) for a construction company. We ………. ( build ) roads dams ,
bridges and things like that . At the moment my company ……….. ( produce ) a
plan for a new motorway . I usually ……… ( work ) in the roads department , but
this month I ……… ( work) in the department that ………… ( build ) bridges ,
So my whole working day is different just now , I normally ………
( spend ) a lot of time outdoors because I ………. (go ) to the construction sites .
But now with this new project I ………. ( spend ) a lot of time in the workshop. At
the moment we ……… ( test ) a model of one of the new bridges . I ....... ( enjoy)
it a lot , because I ………. ( Learn ) a lot of new things.
: ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ‬
Work , build , is producing , work ,am working , builds , spend , go
Am spending , are testing , am enjoying , am learning
‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬should‫ﻭ‬shouldn’t.
We use should and shouldn't to give advice or to talk about what
we think is right or wrong.
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬should - shouldn't. ‫ﺧﻄﺄ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺍﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﺘﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪﺙ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﺼﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﻌﻄﻲ‬
‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬ : ‫ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻭﻳﺎﺗﻲ‬should
shouldn't‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺒﻐﻲ‬.
) ‫ﻣﺠﺮﺩ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬ ً ‫ﺩﺍﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﺎﺗﻲ‬ .V base. (
Example :
1- I should clean the windows .

6. 6
2- we shouldn’t watch so much television .
3- you shouldn’t drive so fast , it's dangerous .
4- if you`re ill , you should go to the doctor .
5- what do you think I should do ?
‫اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺎع‬‫ﻓﻘﺮات‬ ‫ﻗﺮاءة‬ : ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‬2.2‫و‬2.3‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬133.
: ‫اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ‬‫واﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬
1- I am going to the cinema tomorrow evening.
2- she gets up at 6:00 every day .
3- Where is john ? he is playing tennis .
4- I am staying with parents this week .
5- Vegetarians don`t meat .
6- What do you ? I am a teacher .
Have have got :
: ‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺮح‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺮق‬have‫و‬have got
‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬has‫أو‬have‫ﺑﺪون‬ ) ‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬got‫ﺟﺰء‬‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮل‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬ ، ‫ﻳﻤﻠﻚ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ‬ (
. ‫ـﺎﻋﻞ‬‫ﻔ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬
A camel has four legs - I have ten fingers - The
poor woman has five children
‫ﺟﺰء‬ ( ‫اﻷﺻﺎﺑﻊ‬ ) ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬‫وﻓﻲ‬ .. ( ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻞ‬ ) ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬‫ﻫﻲ‬ ( ‫اﻷرﺟﻞ‬ ) ‫اﻷول‬‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻲ‬
.‫اﻟﻤﺮاة‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬ ( ‫ـﺎل‬‫ﻔ‬‫اﻷﻃ‬ ) ‫ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬
‫وﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬has got‫أو‬have got‫ﺗﺨﺺ‬ ‫أﺷﻴﺎء‬‫أو‬‫ﺷﺊ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﻌﻮل‬‫ﻛﺎن‬ ‫إذا‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬‫وﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ـﺎﻋﻞ‬‫ﻔ‬‫اﻟ‬
All the pupils have got pencils - The doctor has
got a new car
Ali and his brother have got new shoes

7. 7
‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬‫وﻓﻲ‬ .. ‫ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬‫وﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬ ( ‫اﻟﺘﻼﻣﻴﺬ‬ ) ‫ﺗﺨﺺ‬ ( ‫اﻟﺮﺻﺎص‬‫ـﻼم‬‫ﻗ‬‫اﻷ‬ ) ‫اﻷول‬‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ) ‫ﺗﺨﺺ‬ ( ‫اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪة‬‫اﻷﺣﺬﻳﺔ‬ ) ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬‫وﻓﻲ‬ .. ( ‫اﻟﻄﺒﻴﺐ‬ ) ‫ﺗﺨﺺ‬ ( ‫اﻟﺴﻴﺎرة‬ )
. ( ‫وأﺧﻴﻪ‬
Example : (have) * have + s = has .
1- I UhaveU two UcarsU .
2- he has a good memory .
3- I don`t UhaveU Utwo carsU .
4- he doesn’t UhaveU Ua good memoryU .
5- do I UhaveU Utwo carsU ? UyesU U, I doU Uno , I don’tU .
6- does he UhaveU a good memory ? yes , he does no , he doesn’t .
Example : ( have got ) :
1- I have got two cars .
2- he has got a good memory .
3- I have not got two cars .
4- he has not got a good memory .
5- have I got two cars ? yes , I have no , have not .
6- has he got a good memory ? yes , he has no , he hasn’t .
‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬‫اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ‬the past simple
‫ﺍﻹﻳﺠﺎﺏ‬Positive :
- ( I he she it ) + UwasU + comp * (was were) = V2 .
- ( we you they ) + UwereU + comp

8. 8
Negative :
- ( I he she it ) + Uwas notU + comp
- ( we you they ) + Uwere notU +comp
Questions :
-was + ( I he she it ) + comp ? yes , I was no , I was not .
- were + ( we you they ) +comp ? yes , we were no , we were not .
Positive :
- subj + V2 + comp
‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﻨﻔﻲ‬:‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬did‫ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ‬‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬‫ﺍﻷﻗﻮﺍﺱ‬Negative :
- subj + did not + V1 + comp .
Questions :
- did + subj + V1 + comp ?
Use :
We use the past simple tense to describe :
*‫ﺣﺪﺙ‬‫ﻣﻜﺘﻤﻞ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬a completed action in the past :
- we played football yesterday .
*‫ﻭﺿﻊ‬‫ﻣﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬a completed situation in the past :
-‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬‫ﻋﺸﺖ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑﺎﺭﻳﺲ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬1988‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬1993I lived in Paris from 1988 to 1993 .
*‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬‫ﻣﺘﻜﺮﺭ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬a repeated action in the past :
-‫ﺫﻫﺒﻮﺍ‬‫ﺇﻟﻰ‬‫ﺍﺳﺒﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬‫ﻛﻞ‬‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬1995they went to Spain every year until 1995 .
Keywords :
UYesterdayU , UlastU ( week , day ,…….) , ( three weeks ,day …..) Uago U
In the past , in 1995 , since + verb + subject .
Example :
1- He ……….. for Aqaba last night ( leave )
2- A year ago , Ali ………. a scholarship to complete his studies ( win )
3- The police …………. the robbers last night ( catch )
4- The film …………. a few minutes ago ( start )
5- Mary …………… to London in 1999 ( travel )
6- William Shakespeare …………… many organization ( found)
7- King Hussein ……………. A great leader ( be )
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ‬:
Leaved , won , caught , started , traveled , founded , was
Examples :
Rami ………… the car yesterday ( not repair )
The manger ………….. the meeting last week (not hold)
The boys …………….. in the house three days ago ( not stay )
: ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ‬

9. 9
did not repair , did not hold , did not stay
The future with will :
Positive :
- subj + will + V(base) + comp .
Negative :
- subj + will + not + V(base) + comp .
Questions :
- will + subj + V(base) + comp ? yes , subj + will
Use :
We use the future with will :
* to make predictions or general statements about the future :
- in the next century the world will run out of oil .
- this medicine won`t do you any good .
* to express a decision made at the moment of speaking :
- the television`s very loud . ok , I will turn it down .
- is peter going to the party ? I don`t know , I will give him a ring .
* in the main clause of a first conditional :
- if you drink this , you will feel better .
Examples :
Will and the present continuous for the future :
1- what are you doing this evening ?
I am going to a party .
2- it is cold in here
I will close the window .
3- soon everybody will have a computer .
4- you will feel better if you take an aspirin .
5-have you got any plans for the weekend ?
Yes , I am visiting my brother in Scotland .
First conditionals ( if clauses ) :
We use the present simple tense in the if clause and the future
with will in the main clause :
‫ﺟﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬if‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬will.
- if I see him , I will tell him .

10. 10
‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬‫ﺭﺍﻳﺘﻪ‬‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬‫ﺍﺧﺒﺮﻩ‬.
- she will be hungry if she doesn’t eat something .
‫ﻫﻲ‬‫ﺗﺼﺒﺢ‬‫ﺟﺎﺋﻌﺔ‬‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬‫ﻟﻢ‬‫ﺗﺎﻛﻞ‬‫ﺍﻱ‬‫ﺷﻲء‬.
We use the same construction with Utime clauseU ( until when before ) :
- We will wait here until he arrives .
- You will have more information when sarah gets here .
- I will leave before it starts to rain .
Use :
First conditionals predict the effects of a real or probable action or
event .
. ‫ﻟﻼﺣﺪﺍﺙ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺛﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺗﻨﺒﺆ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻭﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻁﻴﺔ‬
- If you lie in the sun too long, you will get sun burnt.
. ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻗﻚ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻑ‬ , ‫ﻁﻮﻳﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﺘﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻤﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬
- we will not go out if it rains .
. ‫ﺍﻣﻄﺮﺕ‬ ‫ﺍﺫﺍ‬ ‫ﻧﺨﺮﺝ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬
Examples :
-If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the
evening.
I will send her an invitation if I find her address.–
If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.-
If John has the money, he will0T 0T4TUbuyU0T4T 0Ta Ferrari.-
- if I win the competition , I will buy a new car .
- if I see him I will tell him .
‫ﺷﺮﺡ‬there are there is
* positive :
- there is a pen on the table .
- there are five pens on the table .
* negative :
- there is not a pen on the table .
- there are not any pens on the table .
* question :

11. 11
- is there a pen on the table ? yes,there is no,there is not
-are there any pens on the table ? yes,there areno,there aren`t
: ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻅﺔ‬there is with singular nouns.( ‫ﺍﻟﻣﻔﺭﺩﺓ‬ ‫)ﺍﻻﺳﻣﺎء‬
There are with plural nouns.( ‫ﺍﻟﺟﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻣﺎء‬ )
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬the past continuous
* positive:
- ( I hesheit) + was+ Ving+ comp.
- (we youthey) + were+ Ving+ comp.
* negative:
- ( I hesheit) + wasnot + Ving +comp.
- (we youthey) + werenot + Ving + comp.
*questions :
- was + ( I hesheit)+ Ving+ comp ? yes,Iwas no,I wasn’t.
- were(weyouthey) + Ving+ comp ?yes,you were no,you weren`t .
:‫�ﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺡ‬
‫؟‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎذا‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺪث‬‫أو‬‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻳﺸﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻴﻦ‬ ‫وﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺪا‬ , ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
.ً‫ا‬‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫زال‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬
This time last year I was living In Brazil.
‫اﻟﺒﺮازﻳﻞ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﻋﻴﺶ‬‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻴﺔ‬‫اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬.
At eight O’clock last night I was studying.
‫أذاﻛﺮ‬‫ﻛﻨﺖ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎرﺣﺔ‬‫ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻨﺔ‬‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬.

12. 12
Past simple and past continuous :
- we often use the past continuous tense with past
simple tense . the clauses are usually joined by while , as
or when.
* while he was having a bath , the telephone rang .
* As I was going to the shops , I saw my friend .
* we were driving to the airport when the accident
happened .
* when he heard the phone , he got out of the path .
. ‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬‫واﻟﺸﺮﻃﻴﺔ‬ , ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺗﻲ‬ While , as ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻞ‬‫ﻲ‬
. ‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺗﻲ‬ When
Example :
-1- we arrived while he ,,,,,,,,,,,, the plantes ( water )
2- The old man ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, to music when the police opend
the door ( listen )
They were looking for the keys when they ,,,,,, the treasure
( discover)
4- The boys ,,,,,,,,,,,,, to school when it began to rain heavily
( go )
5- while Sami ,,,,,,,,,,,,, the street , he felt tired ( cross)
: ‫ﺍ�ﺡﻞ‬
Was watering was listening discovered were going
Was crossing .
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻀﺎﺭﻉ‬the present perfect

13. 13
* positive :
- ( hesheit) + has + p.p + comp.
- ( I weyouthey) + have + p.p + comp .
*negative :
- ( hesheit) + has not + p.p + comp.
- ( I weyouthey) + have not + p.p + comp .
*questions :
-has + ( hesheit) + p.p + comp? yes, he has no, he hasn’t .
- have ( I weyouthey) + p.p + comp? yes, you have no, you havent .
: ‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﺡ‬
‫ﺑﻪ؟‬ ‫ﻧﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫وﻣﺎذا‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺎم‬‫اﻟﻤﻀﺎرع‬‫ﻣﺎﻫﻮ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪدة‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺘﺮة‬‫وﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺪث‬‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫أو‬‫ﺣﺪث‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪث‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬‫اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬‫ﻫﻮ‬‫اي‬ )
: ‫ﻳﻜﻮن‬ ‫ان‬‫ﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪث‬ً‫ا‬‫اذ‬ , ‫اﻻن‬‫اﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﺘﺒﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫وﻧﺘﺎﺋﺠﻪ‬ ( ‫اﻟﺦ‬ ... ‫ﺳﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻮﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬
. ‫ﻣﺤﺪدة‬ً‫ﺎ‬‫اﺣﻴﺎﻧ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬ ‫وﻗﺪ‬ , ‫ﻣﺤﺪدة‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺮة‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺪث‬‫او‬‫وﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ *
. ‫اﻻن‬‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬‫ﺑﺎﻗﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪث‬‫او‬‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬‫ﻫﺬا‬ ‫اﺛﺎر‬‫زاﻟﺖ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ *
I have met many people since I came here in June.
‫ﺟﻮن‬‫ﺷﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻗﺪوﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻈﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﺎس‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬‫ـﺎﺑﻠﺖ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬.
We have been here for two weeks.
‫ﻣﺎﺿﻴﺔ‬ ‫إﺳﺒﻮﻋﻴﻦ‬‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺤﻦ‬.
They have studied the lesson very good.
‫ﺟﻴﺪا‬‫اﻟﺪرس‬‫إﺳﺘﺬﻛﺮوا‬‫ﻟﻘﺪ‬.
Keywords :
Since for just yet ever never recently already .
‫ﻣﻨﺬ‬ ‫ﻟﻤﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻮ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﻥ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﺑﺪ‬ ‫ﺍﺑﺪﺍ‬ ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺜﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ‬
Example :
1- The committee members ………….. out since 8 o'clock ( be).
2- The man …………… for an hour to get a taxi ( wait ).
3- I………..Muna since last June (not see).
4-My father ………… six countries so far ( visit ).
5- The manager ………… The meeting yet ( not hold ).
6- The girls ………… already ……… the garden ( clean).

14. 14
: ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ‬
Have been has waited have not seen has visited has not held
have cleaned .
Beengone
Be and go have a particular meaning in the present perfect tense .
- she has gone to London .
- she has been to London .
- have you ever been India ?
We have been to Scotland three times .
Sincefor
USinceU to mention the starting point
of a period of time ( continues to
now ).
UForU to mention a specific period ( or
duration) of time .
I have been a doctor since 1992 .
( starting point = 1992 )
I have been a doctor for fifteen
years.
( duration = 15 years )
She has been pregnant since her
first child was born .
( followed by simple past tense )
She has been a mother for six
months.
My sister has lived in Amman since
the beginning of march .
My sister has lived in Amman for
ages.
1- I haven't met him ………….. a long time
2- We have fixed five doors …………… the morning
3- My father has slept …………… an hour
4- We have been in Amman ………….. January
5- Khalid hasn't seen his friend …………… two weeks
6- Asma has been playing the piano ………….. she was thirteen
:‫ﺍﻟﺤﻞ‬
1- for 2- since 3- for 4- since 5- for 6- since
How long
- how long have you lived in France ?
- how long have you had your car ?

15. 15

1- I ……… to find a job at the moment , its so difficult ( try )
A) Are trying B) tries C) tried D) Am trying
2-I ……….. very well last night ( not sleep)
Don't sleep B) doesn't sleep C) didn't sleep D) Am sleeping
3- Water ……… at 100 c ( boil)
A) Boils B) is boiling C) are boiling D) Boiled
4- Suha ……… yesterday ( fall)
A) fell B) felled C) is falling D) falling
5- I ……. In Paris from 1995 to 2005 (live)
A) lived B) was living C) am living D) Lives
6- He usually ……….. at 8 o'clock
A) Wake ups B) Waked up C) Wakes D) Waking up
7- I …….. tennis at 7:00 ( play )
A) am playing B) plays C) play D) played
8- My baby brother ………… with his toys at the moment ( play)
A)Had played B) is playing C) was playing
9- Next week my brother ……… to Jordan ( go)
A) went B) goes C) is going
10- The earth ………….around the sun (rotate)
A) rotate B) rotates C) rotating D) rotated
11- While I………. In the park , I met my friends ( walk )
A) was walking B) was walked C) walked D) walking
12- Mount Everest …………… For the first time in 1953
A) Have been climbed B) was climbed C) Has been climbed

‫ـﺎﻋﺪة‬‫ﻗ‬in on at
Example Time Example Place preposition
Paris is
beautiful inthe
springtime.
‫ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺟﻤﻴﻠﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎرﻳﺲ‬
Years, seasons, months
and parts of the day.
‫اﻟﺴﻨﻮات,اﻟﻤﻮاﺳﻢ,اﻟﺸﻬﻮر,واﻷﺟﺰاء‬
‫واﻟﻤﺴﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﺼﺒﺎح‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻮم‬‫ﻣﻦ‬
Palermo is a
city in Italy.
Buildings, towns,
cities, regions,
provinces,
countries and
in

16. 16
‫اﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ‬ contents.
,‫,اﻟﻤﺪن‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬
,‫ـﺎﻃﻌﺎت‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ,‫اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ‬
,‫اﻟﺪول‬ ,‫اﻟﻤﺤﺎﻓﻈﺎت‬
‫ـﺎرات‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟ‬
Some stores are
closed on sunday
‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻐﻠﻖ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻼت‬‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬
‫اﻷﺣﺪ‬.
We have a
party onMarch
17.
‫ﻋﺸﺮ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ـﻠﺔ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺣ‬‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺎرس‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
Days of the week and
dates.
‫واﻟﺘﻮارﻳﺦ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺒﻮع‬‫أﻳﺎم‬‫ﻣﻊ‬
I live on beautiful
street.
‫ﺟﻤﻴﻞ‬‫ﺷﺎرع‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﺳﻜﻦ‬‫أﻧﺎ‬
The boat is
sailing on the
river.
‫اﻟﻨﻬﺮ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺤﺮ‬ ‫ـﺎرب‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟ‬
Streets and
bodies of
water(rivers).
‫واﻷﻧﻬﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺸﻮارع‬
‫واﻟﺒﺤﻴﺮات‬ ‫واﻷودﻳﺔ‬
on
This shop
opens at9:00 a.m.
I love to walk
around the city at
night.
‫اﻟﻤﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬‫ﺣﻮل‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﻲ‬‫أﺣﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
Specific time of day and
with: noon, night and
midnight.
‫وﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻴﻮم‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬‫ـﺎت‬‫ﻗ‬‫اﻷو‬‫ﻣﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت‬‫ﻫﺬﻩ‬
Noon)‫اﻟﻈﻬﺮ‬(
night)‫اﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬(
Midnight)‫اﻟﻠﻴﻞ‬‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ‬(
Jen lives at 14 Bow
street
‫اﻟﻤﻨﺰل‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﻦ‬14
‫ﺑﺎو‬ ‫ﺷﺎرع‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
I will meet
you at the corner
of Umain streetU and
Elm street.
‫ـﺎﻃﻊ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫زاوﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ـﺎﺑﻠﻚ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﺳﺄ‬
‫ﺷﺎرع‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬‫اﻟﺸﺎرع‬
‫اي‬‫ا‬‫م‬.
Street addresses
Specific places
locations
‫اﻟﺸﻮارع‬‫ﻋﻨﺎوﻳﻦ‬
‫اﻷﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﻜﺜﻴﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬
at
in‫ﻣﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫وأﻣﺎﻛﻦ‬ ‫ـﺎت‬‫ﻗ‬‫أو‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬‫اﻷﺷﻴﺎء‬‫أن‬‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ‬in
‫واﻟﻤﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻠﺪان‬‫واﻟﻤﻮاﺳﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻨﻴﻦ‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬
On‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫واﻷﻧﻬﺎر‬ ‫وﺷﺎرع‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪد‬ ‫وﺗﺎرﻳﺦ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﺒﻮع‬‫أﻳﺎم‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻮم‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ـﻠﻴﻼ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺼﻨﺎ‬‫وإذا‬on
At‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫وأﻛﺜﺮ‬ ‫أﻛﺜﺮ‬‫ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎ‬ ‫وإذا‬at‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﺪدة‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ,‫زاوﻳﺔ‬ ,‫ـﺎﻃﻊ‬‫ﻘ‬‫,ﺗ‬ ‫ﺷﺎرع‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺟﺰء‬‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬

17. 17
‫اﻟﻴﻮم‬
‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬‫وﻓﻲ‬on‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ‬‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬‫اﻟﺠﺪول‬‫ﻓﻲ‬on)‫ﺷﺎرع‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ذﻛﺮ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬street(
‫اﺳﺘﺨﺪﻣﻨﺎ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻲ‬‫اﻟﻤﺜﺎل‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﻟﻜﻦ‬at‫اﻟﺒﻴﺖ‬‫ورﻗﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﺸﺎرع‬‫اﺳﻢ‬‫ﺣﺪد‬‫ﻷﻧﻪ‬
‫وﻣﻊ‬noon , night and midnight
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺌﻠﺔ‬in on at
1. We sprinkle parsley ___ the tomatoes.
2. Lina was born ___ a Wednesday.
3. Will you drop me ___ my house on your way home?
4. We eat cereal ___ breakfast-time.
‫ﺍﻻﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬Numbers
How to say the large numbers‫ﺍﻟﻛﺑﻳﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺭﻗﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﻧﻠﻔﻅ‬ ‫ﻛﻳﻑ‬
432 four hundred and thirty-two
1,000 a/one thousand
1,008 a/one thousand and eight
1,100 one thousand one hundred
3,000 three thousand
3,831 three thousand eight hundred and thirty-one
5,100 five thousand one hundred
100,000 a/one hundred thousand
1,000,000 one million
1,000,000,000 one billion
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬2‫ﺻﻔﺤﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‬‫ﻓﻲ‬14

18. 18
Practice saying these number
eighteen18
fifty50
One hundred million100,000,000
twenty two million ,
five hundred thousand
22,500,000
One hundred100
seventy three billion73,000,000,000
Seventy five75
Five hundred ninety one591
thirteen million ,
six hundred forty thousand ,
eight hundred seventy two
13,640,872
one thousand1,000
eleven11
Twenty tow22
Nine thousand three
hundred
9,300
One hundred fifty seven157
nine hundred sixteen
thousand ,
five hundred
916,500
‫ﺍﻟﻭﻗﺕ‬o`clock

19. 19
‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬‫ﻻﺧﺒﺎر‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺘﺎن‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻟﻚ‬:
1) Say the hour first and then the minutes. (Hour +
Minutes)
‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻗ‬‫اﻟﺪ‬‫ﺛﻢ‬ً‫ﻻ‬‫او‬‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬‫اﻻوﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬
• 6:25 - six twenty-five ‫ﻭﻋﺷﺭﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺧﻣﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺩﺳﺔ‬
• 8:05 - eight O-five ‫ﺧﻣﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻣﻧﺔ‬
• 9:11 - nine eleven ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺗﺎﺳﻌﺔ‬11
•
• 2:34 - two thirty-four ‫ﺛﻼﺛﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺛﺎﻧﻳﺔ‬
2) Say the minutes first and then the hour. (Minutes +
PAST / TO + Hour)
‫ﻧﻔﻮل‬ : ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬‫اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ‬‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻗ‬‫اﻟﺪ‬‫اﻻول‬( ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ + ( ‫اﻻ‬ )‫او‬ (‫و‬ ) + ‫ـﺎﺋﻖ‬‫ﻗ‬‫د‬ ) ‫اﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﺛﻢ‬
Past :
To : 
For minutes 1-30 we use PAST after the minutes
For minutes 31-59 we use TO after the minutes.
• 2:35 - twenty-five to three 25
• 11:20 - twenty past eleven
• 4:18 - eighteen past four
• 8:51 - nine to nine
• 2:59 - one to three
• 
When it is 15 minutes past the hour we normally say: a quarter
past
‫ﺗﻛﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ‬15‫ﻭﺭﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺩ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﻳﻘﺔ‬
• 7:15 - a quarter past seven ‫ﺭﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﺑﻌﺔ‬

20. 20
When it is 15 minutes before the hour we normally say: a
quarter to
‫ﺗﻛﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ‬45‫ﺭﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻ‬ ( ‫ﺑﻌﺩﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻲ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺩﻗﻳﻘﺔ‬
• 12:45 - a quarter to one ‫ﺭﺑﻊ‬ ‫ﺍﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻭﺍﺣﺩﺓ‬
When it is 30 minutes past the hour we normally say: half past
• 3:30 - half past three (but we can also say three-thirty)
‫ﻭ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻛﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﻧﺩﻣﺎ‬30‫ﻭﻧﺻﻑ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﻭﻝ‬ ( ‫ﺩﻗﻳﻘﻳﺔ‬
Countable and uncountable nouns :
‫ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺪﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬
uncountablecountableuncountablecountableuncountableCountable
informationreportfurnituretablemoneydollar
toothpastepeopleelectricitybatterymusicsong
Advicetabletraveljourneyluggagesuitcase
‫ﻌﺩ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺃﺳﻣﺎء‬Countable nouns
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ،‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻰ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬0T 0T
‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬(a)‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬a boy /0T 0T6TU carU6T - one0T 0T
‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫أو‬(an)‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻰ‬one‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻮق‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﻳﺤﺮف‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬‫ﺑﺪأ‬ ‫إذا‬( a,e,i,o,u)0T
an apple. An egg
an orange.

21. 21
A university. 0T 0T(u=y) ‫اﻷﺗﻴﻪ‬‫اﻟﺤﺎﻻت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻆ‬
An hour0T 0T(our )
*‫اﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻼت‬‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎك‬0T 0T
*‫ﺑﺤﺮف‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺪوءة‬‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت‬‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ً‫ﺎ‬‫ـﺄﺣﻴﺎﻧ‬‫ﻓ‬H‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﻄﻖ‬ ‫ﻻ‬(hour)‫ﻓﻤﻔﺮدﻫﺎ‬ ‫زﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬
‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺒﻖ‬an0T 0T
*‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬house‫ـ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬‫ﺣﺮف‬‫ﻄﻖ‬ُ‫ﻧ‬H‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮدﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬a house a
*‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬uniform/ university‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬‫وﺟﺪﻧﺎ‬U‫ﻧﻄﻖ‬( Y )‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮدﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬a
a uniform / a university
*‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬European‫ﺣﺮﻓﻰ‬‫وﺟﺪﻧﺎ‬ ‫أورﺑﻰ‬EU‫ﻛﺤﺮف‬ ‫ـﺎ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻧﻄ‬Y‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬a
a0T 0T6TU European countryU6T
‫أن‬‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ‬ ‫أن‬‫ﻳﺠﺐ‬( an , a )‫ﻣﺘﺒﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬‫اﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬‫ﺗﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬‫اﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮف‬‫اﻹﺳﻢ‬‫ﺗﺴﺒﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺻﻮف‬
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬‫اﻟﻲ‬‫ﻳﺤﻮل‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬ ‫اﻟﺬي‬‫واﻻﺳﻢ‬.
‫ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬S‫أو‬es:
‫ﺟﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺮد‬
Flowers ‫زﻫﺮة‬ a flower
weeks ‫أﺳﺒﻮع‬ a week
nice places ‫ﻟﻄﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن‬ anice place
two watches ‫ﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬ a watch
2-‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫دون‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬S‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬:
geese ‫أوزة‬ a goose
men ‫رﺟﻞ‬ a man
women ‫أة‬‫ﺮ‬‫اﻣ‬ a woman
children ‫ـﻞ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻃ‬ a child
feet ‫ﻗﺪم‬ a foot

22. 22
teeth ‫ﻪ‬ّ‫ﺳﻨ‬ a tooth
mice ‫ـﺄر‬‫ﻓ‬ a mouse
people ‫ﺷﺨﺺ‬ a person
‫ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﻮل‬ ‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬‫ﻣﻌﻈﻢ‬ ‫أن‬‫اﻟﻤﻼﺣﻆ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ - ‫أ‬S
cats 6TUcat
cups cup
6TUpens 6TUpen
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻬﻴﺔ‬‫واﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬ - ‫ب‬s,sh,ch,x‫ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻤﻊ‬es
boxes box
glasses glass
sandwiches sandwich
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻬﻴﺔ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬ - ‫ـ‬‫ﺟ‬O‫ﺑﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻤﻊ‬S‫أو‬es
tomatoes tomato
potatoes potatoes
radios radio
6TUphotos photo
hippos hippo
6TUpianos piano
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻬﻴﺔ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬ - ‫د‬y‫اﻟﻲ‬‫ﺗﺤﻮل‬ ‫ﻣﺘﺤﺮك‬ ‫ﺣﺮف‬‫ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬ies
babies baby

23. 23
ladies lady
cities city
‫ﻟﻜﻦ‬but
boys boy
‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺘﻬﻴﺔ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬ - ‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﻫ‬f‫أو‬fe‫اﻟﻲ‬‫ﺗﺤﻮل‬ves
wives wife
lives life
knives knife
leaves leaf
shelves shelf
‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬‫ﺣﺎﻻت‬
roofs roof
chiefs chief
girafs giraf
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬‫ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬‫أﺳﻤﺎء‬‫ﻫﻨﺎك‬ - ‫و‬
sheep a sheep
fish a fish
‫ﻟﻠﻌﺪد‬ ‫ـﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﻴﺮ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬‫ﻌﺪ‬ُ‫ﻧ‬ ‫أن‬ً‫ﺎ‬‫أﻳﻀ‬‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻌﺪ‬ ‫ـﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬‫ﻘ‬‫اﻟ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬‫ﻧﻌﺪ‬ ‫أن‬‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫وﻛﻤﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬‫اﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺒﻮات‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ‬:
aglass of water / milk ‫ﻓﻨﺠﺎن‬ a cup of tea , cofee
milk / beer ‫زﺟﺎﺟﻪ‬ A bottle of
cake / cheese ‫ﻋﻠﺒﺔ‬ A bin / can of

24. 24
‫ﻧﻘﻮل‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬‫وﻓﻲ‬:
** 3 packets of sugar
** 2 leaves of bread
** two bottles of milk
*‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬a‫أو‬an
*‫ـ‬‫ـ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺒﻖ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬a‫أو‬an
*‫اﻟﻤﻔﺮد‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫داﺋﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬‫اﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬
Expressing quantity :
Some any
Any:
* negative sentences .
* questions .
Some :
* in affirmative sentences .
* question with offers.
Countable :Uncountable .Countable :Uncountable .
6TUwater ‫ﻣﺎء‬ air ‫ﻫﻮاء‬ tea ‫ﺷﺎى‬
meat ‫ﻟﺤﻢ‬ bread ‫ﺧﺒﺰ‬ money ‫ﻧﻘﻮد‬
music ‫ﻣﻮﺳﻴﻘﻲ‬ plastic ‫ﺑﻼﺳﺘﻴﻚ‬ gold ‫ذﻫﺐ‬
silver ‫ﻓﻀﺔ‬
salt ‫ﻣﻠﺢ‬ rice ‫أرز‬ tea ‫ﺷﺎى‬
sugar ‫ﺳﻜﺮ‬ coffee ‫ﺑﻦ‬ wood ‫ﺧﺸﺐ‬
dust ‫ﻏﺒﺎر‬ sand ‫رﻣﻞ‬ iron ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺪ‬
lead ‫رﺻﺎص‬ glass ‫زﺟﺎج‬ cloth ‫ﻗﻤﺎش‬
cotton ‫ﻗﻄﻦ‬ silk ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺮ‬

25. 25
With plural nounsWith plural nouns
I don’t have any
dollars .
I don’t have
any money .
I have some
oranges .
I have some
bread .
Are they any eggs
?
Is there any
butter ?
Would you like
some apples ?
Would you like
some bread ?
There is some sugar on the table.
Is there any sugar on the table?
There isn't any sugar on the table.
How much ? how many ?
How many …… ?How much ….. ?
Countable: with plural nouns .Uncountable .
How many eggs are there? (plural verb)
There are some eggs . ( plural verb)
There are three eggs . ( plural verb )
How much oil is there ? (singular verb ).
There is some oil .
How many liters of oil are there ?
There are 3 liters of oil . ( plural verb)
But 
Examples :
How many children are there in your class?
There are many children in my class.
There are not many children in my class.
How much sugar do you want in your tea?
I want much sugar in my tea.
I don't want much sugar in my tea.
How many apples are there?

26. 26
There are not many.
There are a few
How much milk is there?
There isn't much.
There is a little.
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬a lot of‫أن‬‫ﺑﺸﺮط‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮة‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﻴﺔ‬‫وﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد‬ ‫ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺪد‬‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬
‫ﻓﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺒﺘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﺗﻜﻮن‬
There are a lot of people in the party.
There is alot of sugar in my tea.
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ‬‫ﺗﺘﺒﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻢ‬ ‫إذا‬ : ‫ﻫﺎﻣﺔ‬a lot of‫ﻓﺘﺤﺬف‬ ‫ﺿﻤﻴﺮ‬ ‫أو‬‫ﺑﺎﺳﻢ‬of
Have you got alot of toys?
Yes, I have got a lot of toys.
Yes, I have got alot.
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺎﺩ‬used to
* positive :
- subj + used to + V(base) + comp .
* negative :
- subj + didn’t use to + V(base) + comp .

27. 27
* questions :
-did subj + use to + V(base) + comp ?
* short answer :
- yes + subj + did .
- no + subj + didn’t .
Use :
* to express a habit in the past ( which is no longer true in the
present ) .
. ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺿﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴﺤﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﻭﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ‬
Example :
- I used to play tennis every day , but I don’t now .
‫ان‬‫ﻫﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ‬‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻻول‬‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬, ‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬‫واﻟﺠﺰء‬‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎرع‬‫وﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‬but.
The presentThe past
Now she works in a bank .She used to work in a shop .
Now he doesn’t watch much
tv.
He used to watch a lot of tv .
Now they are divorced .They used to be married .
Now I go swimming .I didn’t use to go swimming .
‫ﺍﺭﻳﺪ‬ ّ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺍﻭ‬would
* positive :
- subj + would + V(base) + comp .
* negative :
- subj + would not + V(base) + comp .
* questions :
- would + subj + V(base) + comp?
Yes + subj + would . no + subj + wouldn’t .
* use :
* to talk about improbable or impossible situations .

28. 28
. ‫ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﻴﺮ‬ ‫او‬‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪث‬
- I would like to live alone , but I live with six other people .
- she would be a good politician , but she works in a bank .
. ‫ﺑﺴﻴﻂ‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎرع‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺠﺰء‬‫ان‬‫ﻧﻼﺣﻆ‬
* make polite offers :
. ‫ﻋﺮوض‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺪﻳﻢ‬
- would you like a cup of coffee ?
‫؟‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻬﻮة‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ً‫ﺎ‬‫ﻓﻨﺠﺎﻧ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬
- would you like to go to the cinema?
‫؟‬ ‫اﻟﺴﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬‫اﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﺬﻫﺎب‬‫ﺗﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬
Second conditionals ( if clause )
In second conditionals we use the conditional form in
the main clause and the past tense in the if clause.
‫ـ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬‫ﻣﻊ‬if‫ﺛﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﺮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬v2‫ـ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬ ‫وﻣﻊ‬would‫ﻣﺠﺮد‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬V(base).
Examples :
- if I saw a ghost , I would faint .
- I would buy a beautiful house if I had enough money .
- if we won a lot of money , we would spend it all .
- if I had my life again , I wouldn’t make the same mistakes .
The future with going to :
Form :
* positive :

29. 29
- I + am + going to + V1 + comp .
- (hesheit) + is + going to + V1 + comp .
- (weyouthey ) + are + going to + V1 + comp .
* negative :
- I + am not + going to + V1 + comp .
- (hesheit) + is not + going to + V1 + comp .
- (weyouthey ) + are not + going to + V1 + comp .
* questions :
- am + I + going to + V1 + comp ?
- is + (hesheit) + going to + V1 + comp ?
- are (weyouthey ) + going to + V1 + comp ?
Use :
- to talk about plans and intentions .
. ‫وﻧﻮاﻳﺎ‬ ‫ﺧﻄﻂ‬‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺘﺤﺪث‬
- I am going to buy a new car next week .
- I am going to paint the living room this week end .
- to talk about things that we can see or feel about the
future .
- I feel terrible , I think I am going to be sick .
- look at those clouds , its going to rain .
Comparatives and superlatives :
superlativeComparativeadjective
The tallest
The coldest
Taller
Colder
Tall
cold
One syllable
‫ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﻄﻊ‬

30. 30
The hottest
The thinnest
The biggest
Hotter
Thinner
Bigger
Hot
Thin
Big
one syllable;
short vowel
+ one
constant
The heaviest
The prettiest
Heavier
Prettier
Heavy
pretty
Two
syllables ;
Constant +y
The most
modern
The most
interesting.
More modern
More
interesting
Modern
Interesting
Two or
more
syllables
The best
The worst
The furthest
Better
Worse
Further
Good
Bad
Far
irregular
Examples :
* a comparative adjective is often followed by Uthan .
- Russia is bigger than Canada .
. ‫ﻛﻨﺪا‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻛﺒﺮ‬‫روﺳﻴﺎ‬
‫ـﺎرﻧﺎت‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﻣ‬ ).* as …….. as …… can be used to make comparisons (
* UAs + adjective + as.
- her house is as big as mine .
. ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺠﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﺘﻬﺎ‬
- silver is not as expensive as gold .
. ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺐ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻏﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻀﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻔﻲ‬- silver is not so expensive as gold .
Examples :
- lead is heavier than iron , but gold is the heaviest
- the earth is further from the sun than Venus .

31. 31
- Canada is bigger than china , but Russia is the
biggest .
- which is the highest mountain in the world ?
- which is the biggest island in the world ?
- which is the most ancient monument in the world ?
- which is the most intelligent animal in the world ?
Clothes
The name of some clothes are always plural .
Jeans trousers shorts
These word take plural articles and plural verbs .
- these trousers are too short .
- I need some new jeans .
A pair of
When we talk about a quantity of clothes , we must use pairs of with words that
are already plural .
* three t-shits , two pair of jeans , a pair of shoes , two skirts , four pair
of knickers .
Plural clothesSingular clothes
Do you like UtheseU …….. ?Do you like UthisU ………… ?
Jeans , pants , shoes , boots ,
stocking three shirts , four
jumpers .
Shirt , hat , blouse , skirt ,
jumper
Jacket , pair of jeans , pair of
shoes .
Yes , how much Uare they U?Yes , how much Uis it U?
UThey are U45 $ .UIt isU 45 $ .
One(singular) ones(plural)
* do you want the red shirt or the blue shirt ?
- I want the red Uone .
* do you want the gold earrings or the silver earrings ?

32. 32
- I want the silver Uones .
Tooenough
Form = too + adjective …..……… opposite adjective + enough .
It's too cold here . it isn’t warm enough .-
Look at these two sentence from the conversation .
It is UnotU big UenoughU it is UtooU dark .
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻔﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺴﺖ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻬﺎ‬ ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﺟﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻈﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﻬﺎ‬
Example :
1- they are too loose .
2- it isn’t long enough .
3- they aren’t dark enough .
4- these are too small .
5- you are too short .
6- its too cold .
7- it isn’t thick enough .
8- its too low .
Descriptive adjectives and adverbs
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬.
Adjective & adverbs .
‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻕ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺄﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺍ‬
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻨﺘﻌﻠﻢ‬ ‫ﻧﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﷲ‬ ‫ﺷﺎء‬ ‫ﺇﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺪﺭﺱ‬ ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻟﻬﻤﺎ‬
: ‫ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ‬

33. 33
1. Adjectives modify nouns; adverbs modify verbs,
adjectives, and other adverbs
.
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ، ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻫﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﺣﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻒ‬.
You can recognize adverbs easily because many of them
are formed by adding -ly to an adjective.
‫ﺑــ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻷﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ly
Study the following carefully :
Adverbs can't modify nouns, as you can see from the
following incorrect sentences. On the other hand, it's
sometimes easy to make the mistake of using an adjective
to modify a verb, as the incorrect sentences below show
.
‫ﺗﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺃﻳﻀﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻛﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻤﺎء‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻈﺮﻭﻑ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
‫ﺍﻷﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬.
‫ﺍﻵﺗﻴﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻟﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺭﺱ‬:
2. An adjective always follows a form of the verb to be
when it modifies the noun before the verb.
‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻔﻪ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻈﺖ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻠﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ‬V to be‫ﻳﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺣﻆ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻮﺭﻩ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬.
3. Likewise, an adjective always follows a sense verb or a

34. 34
verb of appearance -- feel, taste, smell, sound, look,
appear, and seem -- when it modifies the noun before the
verb.
‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﻤﺴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﺃﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺼﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺎﻛﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﺲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺒﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ) ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻈﻬﺮ‬feel, taste, smell,
sound, look, appear, and seem‫ﻗﺒﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻯ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺣﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬.
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻆ‬:
Good or Well?
Good is an adjective, so you do not do good or live good,
but you do well and live well.
‫ﺑﺨﺼﻮﺹ‬ ‫ﻫﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻅﺔ‬Good & Well
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬good‫ﺇﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻈﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬ly‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﻞ‬well‫ﺍﻟﺬﻯ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
‫ﺟﻴﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﻨﻰ‬.
He is a good man.
He speaks well .
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬ : ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬good‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬BE
‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬Well‫ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻒ‬.
There are some words that are used both as an adverb
and as an adjective such as ( hard , late , fast , … )
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺩﻭﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻈﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺾ‬ ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬
‫ﻣﺜﻞ‬ . ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻤﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻼﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻅﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻢ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﻭ‬
( fast , hard , late )
‫ﺷﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻵﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﺩﺭﺱ‬:
He is a fast man .

35. 35
He is a rich man
He speaks fast .
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ‬fast‫ﺃﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺗﻰ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﺼﻒ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺃﺗﺖ‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻅﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻷﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻅﺮﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﻬﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻰ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻓﻰ‬.
Participles as adjectives :
* present participle ( verb + ing ) describe what
somebody or something is:
- it is a fascinating story .
- the film was boring .
* present participle ( verb + ed ) describe what how
somebody feels :
- we were fascinated by his story .
- we were bored .
Gerunds
‫ﺑـ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻳﻨﺘﻬﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ing‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬gerund.‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ/ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭﺻﻴﻐﺔ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺼﻴﻐﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻧﻤﻴﺰ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﻔﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
+ ‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ -ING‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﺈﺳﻢ‬gerund.
fishing is fun
+‫ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬ -ING‫ﺍﺳﻢ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﻐﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻛﻔﻌﻞ‬
.‫ﻣﻔﻌﻮﻝ/ﻓﺎﻋﻞ‬
Anthony is fishing
I have a boring teacher
Examples :

36. 36
- skiing can be dangerous .
. ً‫ﺍ‬‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻥ‬ ‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺰﺣﻠﻖ‬
- I like travelling by plane .
. ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻄﻴﺎﺭﺓ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺣﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺎ‬
- would you mind going to the bank for me?
‫؟‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻚ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻲ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺬﻫﺎﺏ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﻫﻞ‬
I don’t mind doing that .
. ‫ﺫﻟﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﻌﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻣﺎﻧﻊ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻧﺎ‬
Could
* could you + base verb …. ? could I + base verb ……. ?
- could you please give me a pen ?
- could I just borrow your pen ?
Making suggestions :
* why don’t you we UgoU to the movies tonight ? ( base
verb )
* you we could UvisitU new York while you are we are
there ? (base verb ) .
* let`s UgoU to the travel agent`s this afternoon to book our
ticket ? ( base verb ) .
* what about UaskingU your brother for help ? (ing form) .
* how about UgoingU to Hawaii for your vacation ? (ing
form) .

37. 37
Vocabulary :
Unit one : everyday life .
Turn up‫ﻳﺸﻐﻞ‬ Hurry‫ﻳﺴﺮﻉ‬
Like‫ﻳﻌﺠﺐ‬ Go‫ﻳﺬﻫﺐ‬
Come down‫ﺃﻫﺪﺃ‬ Wake up‫ﺍﺳﺘﻘﻴﻆ‬
Miss‫ﺃﺧﻄﺄ‬ , ‫ﻓﻮﺕ‬ Switch on‫ﻓﺘﺢ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺷﻐﻞ‬
Watch‫ﻳﺸﺎﻫﺪ‬ Run‫ﻳﺮﻛﺾ‬
Stay‫ﻳﺒﻘﻰ‬ Take‫ﻳﺄﺧﺬ‬
Have‫ﻳﻤﻠﻚ‬ Start‫ﻳﺒﺪﺃ‬
Get up‫ﻳﺤﺼﻞ‬ Make a bed‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺵ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺗﺐ‬
Buy a bed‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺌﺠﺎﺭ‬ Get out of bed‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡ‬
Go to bed‫ﻟﻠﻨﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻳﺬﻫﺐ‬ Lie in bed‫ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺍﺵ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻤﺪﺩ‬
Stay in bed‫ﻣﺮﻳﺾ‬ Holiday‫ﻋﻄﻠﺔ‬
Unit two :
Thin :  Young :
Tall : Dark :
Fair : Good looking :
Short : Thick : 
Wavy : Red :

38. 38
Green : Big :
Fat : Straight : 
Long :   Black :
Bald : Pretty :
Blue : Curly :
Slim : Attractive
Grey : Small :
Old :  Well – built : ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻴﺪ‬
Husband :  Wife : 
Father :  Mother : 
Son :  Daughter : 
Brother :  Sister : 
Uncle :  Aunt : 
Grandfather :  Grand mother : 
Nephew :  Niece : 
Fiancé  Fiancée 
* marital statue :
- engaged to - married to - divorced from - separated .
- a widow : a wife whose husband died .
- a widower : a husband whose wife died .
oppositeadjectiveoppositeadjectiveoppositeadjective

39. 39
Talllongshortuglyattractiveshorttall
straightcurlyfatslimdarklight
quietnoisyoutgoingshyyoungold
weakstronglivelydullsmallBig
ThinthickthickslowboringExciting
Unit three : life stories
Wealthy : ‫ﺛﺮﻱ‬ Cheap : ‫ﺭﺧﻴﺺ‬
Poor : ‫ﻓﻘﻴﺮ‬ Generous ‫ﻛﺮﻳﻢ‬
Sell: ‫ﻳﺒﻴﻊ‬ Tax : ‫ﺿﺮﻳﺒﺔ‬
Rich : ‫ﻏﻨﻲ‬ Free ‫ﻣﺠﺎﻧﻲ‬
Buy : ‫ﻳﺸﺘﺮﻱ‬ Pay : ‫ﺩﻓﻊ‬
Stock exchange: ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻮﺭﺻﺔ‬ Stocks and Shares : ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻬﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﻷﻭﺭﺍﻕ‬
Mean : ‫ﺑﺨﻴﻞ‬ Bank : ‫ﻣﺼﺮﻑ‬
Fortune : ‫ﺛﺮﻭﺓ‬ Cost : ‫ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﺛﻤﻦ‬
Millionaire : ‫ﻣﻠﻴﻮﻧﻴﺮ‬ Price : ‫ﺳﻌﺮ‬
Work : ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ Count : ‫ﻳﺤﺼﻲ‬ ‫ﺃﻭ‬ ‫ﻳﻌﺪ‬
Expensive : ‫ﻏﺎﻟﻲ‬ Property : ‫ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬
Diamonds : ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺱ‬ Job: ‫ﻭﻅﻴﻔﺔ‬

40. 40
Jeweler : ‫ﻣﺠﻮﻫﺮﺍﺕ‬ Mortgage:‫ﺭﻫﻦ‬
Lose : ‫ﻳﻔﻘﺪ‬ Earn : ‫ﻛﺴﺐ‬
Save : ‫ﺣﻔﻆ‬ Inherit : ‫ﻭﺭﺍﺛﺔ‬
Spend : ‫ﻳﻨﻔﻖ‬ Witch : ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺮﺓ‬
Huge : ‫ﺿﺨﻢ‬ Safe : ‫ﺁﻣﻦ‬
Carefully : ‫ﺑﺸﺪﺓ‬ Suddenly : ‫ﻓﺠﺄﺓ‬
Hard : ‫ﺻﻌﺐ‬ Large : ‫ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬
Dangerous : ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮ‬ Well : ‫ﺟﻴﺪ‬
Unit four : the future
Country adjectives
Example :
1- they are from Japan .
. ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
2- they are Japanese .
‫ﻳﺎﺑﺎﻧﻴﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
3- they speak Japanese .
. ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺑﺎﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻜﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬
irregularieseIshAn
France
French
Iraq
Iraqi
Japan
Japanese
England
English
America
American
Netherland
Dutch
Israel
Israeli
Portugal
Portuguese
Turkey
Turkish
Hungary
Hungarian
Thailand
Thai
Pakistan
Pakistani
China
Chinese
Scotland
Scottish
Germany
German

41. 41
Greece
Greek
Ireland
Irish
Italy
Italian
Poland
Polish
Argentina
Argentinean
Denmark
Danish
Belgium
Belgian
Spain
Spanish
Egypt
Egyptian
Brazil
Brazilian
Mexico
Mexican
Korea
Korean
Unit five : comparisons
Shirt ‫ﻗﻤﻴﺺ‬ Bra ‫ﺻﺪﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻟﺔ‬
Socks ‫ﺟﻮﺍﺭﺏ‬ Tracksuit ‫ﺭﻳﺎﺿﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺪﻟﺔ‬
Jumper ‫ﻗﻔﺎﺯ‬ vest ‫ﺳﺘﺮﺓ‬
Skirt ‫ﺗﻨﻮﺭﺓ‬ Shorts ‫ﺷﻮﺭﺕ‬
coat ‫ﻣﻌﻄﻒ‬ Jacket ‫ﺟﺎﻛﻴﺖ‬
Tie ‫ﻋﻨﻖ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻄﺔ‬ Trousers ‫ﺳﺮﺍﻭﻳﻞ‬

42. 42
Blouse ‫ﺑﻠﻮﺯﺓ‬ jeans ‫ﺟﻴﻨﺰ‬
Cap ‫ﻗﺒﻌﺔ‬ shoes ‫ﺣﺬﺍء‬
Dress ‫ﻓﺴﻄﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﺛﻮﺏ‬ tights ‫ﻓﻴﺰﻭﻥ‬
hat trainers ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺭﺑﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺒﻌﺔ‬ Boots ‫ﺣﺬﺍء‬
Sandals ‫ﺻﻨﺪﻝ‬ stocking ‫ﺟﻮﺭﺏ‬
Knickers ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺑﺲ‬ underpants ‫ﺗﺤﺘﻲ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻭﺍﻝ‬
swimsuit ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺑﺲ‬ On your head‫ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺱ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
Above your waist‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﻓﻮﻕ‬ Below your waist‫ﺍﻟﺨﺼﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺖ‬
On your feet‫ﺍﻻﻗﺪﺍﻡ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ Body‫ﺟﺴﻢ‬upper‫ﻓﻮﻕ‬
Unit six : people and place
Ring ‫ﻳﺮﻥ‬ Police station ‫ﺷﺮﻁﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
Put ‫ﻳﻀﻊ‬ Leisure centre ‫ﺗﺮﻓﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
Drop ‫ﻳﺴﻘﻂ‬ Hide ‫ﻳﺨﺘﺒﻰء‬
Return ‫ﻳﻌﻴﺪ‬ Get out ‫ﻳﺨﺮﺝ‬
Give ‫ﻳﻌﻄﻲ‬ Appear ‫ﻳﺨﺘﻔﻲ‬
Get ‫ﻳﺄﺧﺬ‬ Go ‫ﺍﺫﻫﺐ‬
Call ‫ﻳﺘﺼﻞ‬ Put down ‫ﺿﻊ‬
Be ‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥ‬ Hear ‫ﻳﺴﻤﻊ‬
Phone ‫ﻫﺎﺗﻒ‬ Clean ‫ﻳﻨﻈﻒ‬
Have ‫ﻳﻤﻠﻚ‬ Help ‫ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ‬
Garage ‫ﻛﺮﺍﺝ‬ Ring ‫ﻳﺮﻥ‬

43. 43
Theater ‫ﻣﺴﺮﺡ‬ Fall off ‫ﻳﻘﻊ‬
Main square ‫ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺣﺔ‬ Not get dressed ‫ﻣﻼﺑﺲ‬ ‫ﻳﺮﺗﺪﻱ‬ ‫ﻻ‬
Hotel ‫ﻓﻨﺪﻕ‬ Look ‫ﻳﻨﻈﺮ‬
Church ‫ﻛﻨﻴﺴﺔ‬ Put on ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻳﻀﻊ‬
Temple ‫ﻣﻌﺒﺪ‬ Stand ‫ﻳﻘﻒ‬
Cinema ‫ﺳﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ Night club ‫ﻟﻴﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻬﻰ‬
Museum ‫ﻣﺘﺤﻒ‬ School ‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ‬
Railway ‫ﺣﺪﻳﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻜﺔ‬ Cathedral ‫ﻛﺎﺗﺪﺭﺍﺋﻴﺔ‬
Castle ‫ﻗﻠﻌﺔ‬ Car park ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬
Pub ‫ﺣﺎﻧﺔ‬ Bank ‫ﺑﻨﻚ‬
Post office ‫ﺑﺮﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺐ‬ Bus station ‫ﺑﺎﺻﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬
Market ‫ﺳﻮﻕ‬ Clock tower ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﺝ‬
Town hall ‫ﺍﻟﺒﻠﺪﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺒﻨﻰ‬ Park ‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ‬
Supermarket ‫ﻣﺎﺭﻛﺖ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﺑﺮ‬ Café ‫ﻣﻘﻬﻰ‬
Library ‫ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬ Hospital ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺸﻔﻰ‬
Unite seven : in your life
* Homophones and homonyms :
Homonyms : noun with the :
* same spelling .
Homophones : noun with the :
* same sound .

44. 44
* same sound .
* different meaning .
* different spelling .
* different meaning .
She left my penTurn leftWear whereToo two
Play at the theaterPlay footballRight writeBy bye
Birthday partyPolitical partyMeet meatIt`s its
Give a presentPresent timeNo knowI eye
Use the liftLift the bagWheel we`llWeak week
Live in a flatFlat feetThey'retheretheirSea see
Jordan is a countryA picnic in the
country
Son sunWeight wait
Unit eight : food and health
Tomatoes ‫ﺑﻨﺪﻭﺭﺓ‬ Yoghurt ‫ﻟﺒﻦ‬
Ice cream ‫ﻛﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫ﺍﻳﺲ‬ Butter ‫ﺯﺑﺪﺓ‬
Eggs ‫ﺑﻴﺾ‬ Olive oil ‫ﺯﺗﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺯﻳﺖ‬
Spaghetti ‫ﻣﻌﻜﺮﻭﻧﺔ‬ Grapes ‫ﻋﻨﺐ‬
Nuts ‫ﺟﻮﺯ‬ Peppers ‫ﻓﻠﻔﻞ‬
Rice ‫ﺭﺯ‬ Wine ‫ﻧﺒﻴﺬ‬
Chocolate ‫ﺷﻮﻛﻼﺗﺔ‬ Prawns ‫ﻗﺮﻳﺪﺱ‬
Margarine ‫ﺳﻤﻨﺔ‬ Biscuits ‫ﺑﺴﻜﻮﺕ‬
Cucumbers ‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭ‬ Lemonade ‫ﺍﻟﻠﻴﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻋﺼﻴﺮ‬
Breakfast cereal ‫ﺍﻻﻓﻄﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺣﺒﻮﺏ‬ Chicken ‫ﺩﺟﺎﺝ‬
Oranges ‫ﺑﺮﺗﻘﺎﻝ‬ Bananas ‫ﻣﻮﺯ‬
Salmon ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻠﻤﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻚ‬ Pork ‫ﺧﻨﺰﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻢ‬
Cod ‫ﺍﻟﻘﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻤﻚ‬ Peas‫ﺑﺎﺯﻻء‬

45. 45
Cream ‫ﻛﺮﻳﻢ‬ Tune ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻢ‬
Ham ‫ﺧﻨﺰﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻢ‬ Beef ‫ﺑﻘﺮ‬ ‫ﻟﺤﻢ‬
Noodles ‫ﺷﻌﻴﺮﻳﺔ‬ Apples ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺡ‬
Sausages ‫ﻧﻘﺎﻧﻖ‬ Milk ‫ﺣﻠﻴﺐ‬
Sweets ‫ﺣﻠﻮﻳﺎﺕ‬ cake‫ﻛﻴﻚ‬
‫اﻟﻮرق‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬A piece of paper .
‫اﻟﻄﺤﻴﻦ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﺲ‬A bag of flour .
‫اﻟﺸﺎي‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻛﻴﺖ‬A packet of tea .
‫ـ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ا‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﺒﺔ‬coke.A can of coke.
.‫اﻟﻤﺎء‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫زﺟﺎﺟﺘﺎن‬Two bottles of water .
. ‫اﻟﺸﻮﻛﻼﺗﺔ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺷﺮﻳﻂ‬A bar of chocolate .
. ‫اﻟﻤﺮﺑﻰ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻃﻤﺎن‬A jar of marmalade .
. ‫اﻟﻐﺮاء‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻧﺒﻮب‬A tube of glue .
. ‫اﻟﺨﺒﺰ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫رﻏﻴﻒ‬A loaf of bread .
. ‫اﻟﺒﻘﺮ‬‫ﻟﺤﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮ‬ ‫ﺑﺎوﻧﺪ‬ ‫اﺛﻨﻴﻦ‬Two pounds a kilo of beef
Unit nine : possibilities :
Murder ‫ﻗﺘﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﺮﻳﻤﺔ‬ Shoot ‫ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺍﻁﻠﻖ‬

46. 46
Assault ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺪﺍء‬ Break into ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺤﻢ‬
robbery ‫ﺳﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺐ‬ Threaten ‫ﻫﺪﺩ‬
Theft ‫ﺳﺮﻗﺔ‬ Knife ‫ﺳﻜﻴﻦ‬
Shoplifting ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺟﺮ‬ ‫ﺳﺮﻗﺔ‬ Hit ‫ﺿﺮﺏ‬
Blackmail ‫ﺍﺑﺘﺰﺍﺯ‬ Gun ‫ﺑﻨﺪﻗﻴﺔ‬
Kidnapped ‫ﺧﻄﻒ‬ Grab ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺰﺍﻉ‬
Burglary ‫ﺳﻄﻮ‬ Smash ‫ﺣﻄﻢ‬
Vandalism ‫ﺗﺨﺮﻳﺐ‬ Stab ‫ﻁﻌﻨﺔ‬
Mugger ‫ﻁﺮﻳﻖ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﻁﻊ‬ Crime ‫ﺟﺮﻳﻤﺔ‬
Criminal ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻡ‬ Action ‫ﺣﺪﺙ‬
Attack ‫ﻫﺠﻢ‬ Suitcase ‫ﺳﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﺣﻘﻴﺒﺔ‬
Reservation ‫ﺗﺤﻔﻆ‬ Registration ‫ﺗﺴﺠﻴﻞ‬
Single ‫ﺍﻋﺰﺏ‬ Sign ‫ﻋﻼﻣﺔ‬
Imprint ‫ﺑﺼﻤﺔ‬ Luggage ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻌﺔ‬
Stay ‫ﺍﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬ Bill ‫ﻓﺎﺗﻮﺭﺓ‬
Key ‫ﻣﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬ Credit card ‫ﺍﺋﺘﻤﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
Steal rob
To steal something from somebody :
-my watch was stolen , he stole my watch , they stole
my laptop from me .
To rob somebody a bank a shop a house ….. etc:
A man robbed me ( of my watch ) , the bank was
robbed yesterday .

47. 47
The important thing to remember is that you can steal
something from someone but you can`t steal someone
a person can be robbed ( le : have their property taken
from them ) but not stolen ( taken away by the thief ).
Unit ten : activities
Sitting ‫ﺟﻠﻮﺱ‬ Writing ‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬
Digging the garden ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻔﺮ‬ Shopping ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻮﻕ‬
Skating ‫ﺗﺰﻟﺞ‬ Sunbathing ‫ﺷﻤﺴﻲ‬ ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻡ‬
Skipping ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻔﺰ‬ Sleeping ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻡ‬
Shaving ‫ﺣﻼﻗﺔ‬ Knitting ‫ﺣﻴﺎﻛﺔ‬
Getting dressed ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺑﺲ‬ ‫ﺍﺭﺗﺪﺍء‬ Swimming ‫ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺎﺣﺔ‬
Doing housework
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻋﻤﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﻡ‬
Washing up ‫ﺍﻟﺠﻠﻲ‬
Ironing ‫ﺍﻟﻤﻼﺑﺲ‬ ‫ﻛﻲ‬ Weightlifting ‫ﺍﻻﺛﻘﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﻓﻊ‬
Sewing ‫ﺧﻴﺎﻁﺔ‬ Looking after children
‫ﺍﻻﻁﻔﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺭﻋﺎﻳﺔ‬
Breathing ‫ﺗﻨﻔﺲ‬ Sailing ‫ﺍﺑﺤﺎﺭ‬
Travelling by plane
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬
Windsurfing
‫ﺷﺮﻋﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻁﺎﺋﺮﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻄﻴﻴﺮ‬
Housewife ‫ﺑﻴﺖ‬ ‫ﺭﺑﺔ‬ Shopper ‫ﻣﺘﺴﻮﻕ‬
Seamstress ‫ﺧﻴﺎﻁﺔ‬ Cleaner ‫ﻣﻨﻈﻒ‬
Employer ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬ Employee worker work man
‫ﻋﺎﻣﻞ‬

48. 48
Pronunciation
Vowels
æ UaskU, UbatU, UgladU
ɑ UcotU, UbombU, UcaughtU, UpawU
ɛ UbetU, UfedU
ə UaboutU, UbananaU, UcollideU
i UveryU, UanyU, UthirtyU
i: UeatU, UbeadU, UbeeU
ɪ UidU, UbidU, UpitU
ʊ UfootU, UshouldU, UputU
u: UbootU, UtwoU, UcooU
ʌ UunderU, UputtU, UbudU
ɚ UmergeU, UbirdU, UfurtherU
eɪ UeightU, UwadeU, UbayU
aɪ UiceU, UbiteU, UtieU
aʊ UoutU, UgownU, UplowU
oɪ UoysterU, UcoilU, UboyU
oʊ Uoat, ownU, UzoneU, UblowU
ɑɚ UcarU, UheartU, UbizarreU
eɚ UbareU, UfairU, UwearU
iɚ UnearU, UdeerU, UmereU, UpierU
oɚ UboarU, UportU, UdoorU, UshoreU
uɚ UboorU, UtourU, UinsureU
ɒ UBritishU cot, bomb
ɔ British caught, paw, port
ə: British merge, bird

49. 49
əʊ British oat, own, zone, blow
ɪə British near, deer
ɛə British bare, fair
ʊə British boor, tour
Consonants
b UbabyU, UlaborU, UcabU
d UdayU, UkidU
ʤ UjustU, UbadgerU, UfudgeU
ð UthenU, UeitherU, UbatheU
f UfoeU, UtoughU, UbuffU
g UgoU, UdaggerU, UbagU
h UhotU, UaheadU
j UyesU, UvineyardU
k UlacquerU, UflockU, UskinU
kʰ UcatU, UkeepU, UaccountU
l UlawU, UhollowU
l̟ UpedalU, UbattleU, UfinalU
ɫ UpoolU, UboilU
m Umat,U UhempU, UhammerU, UrimU
n UnewU, UtentU, UtenorU, UrunU
n̩ UbuttonU, UsatinU, UkittenU
ŋ UrungU, UhangU, UswingerU
p UlapseU, UtopU, UlipU, UspeedU
pʰ UpayU, UpetU, UappearU
r UropeU, UarriveU
s UsadU, UmistU, UkissU
ʃ UshoeU, UmissionU, UslushU
t UmatU, UstickU, UlateU

50. 50
tʰ UtoeU, UattackU
ɾ UlaterU, UcattyU, UriddleU
tʃ UbatchU, UnatureU
tʃʰ UchooseU, UchinU, UachieveU
θ UthinU, UetherU, UbathU
v UvatU, UneverU, UcaveU
w UwetU, UsoftwareU
z UzooU, UeasyU, UbuzzU
ʒ UvisionU, UazureU, UbeigeU
ʔ UbuttonU, UkittenU, UsatinU
Vowels
æ UaskU, UbatU, UgladU
ɑ UcotU, UbombU, UcaughtU, UpawU
ɛ UbetU, UfedU
ə UaboutU, UbananaU, UcollideU
i UveryU, UanyU, UthirtyU
i: UeatU, UbeadU, UbeeU
ɪ UidU, UbidU, UpitU
ʊ UfootU, UshouldU, UputU
u: UbootU, UtwoU, UcooU
ʌ UunderU, UputtU, UbudU
ɚ UmergeU, UbirdU, UfurtherU
eɪ UeightU, UwadeU, UbayU
aɪ UiceU, UbiteU, UtieU
aʊ UoutU, UgownU, UplowU
oɪ UoysterU, UcoilU, UboyU

51. 51
oʊ Uoat, ownU, UzoneU, UblowU
ɑɚ UcarU, UheartU, UbizarreU
eɚ UbareU, UfairU, UwearU
iɚ UnearU, UdeerU, UmereU, UpierU
oɚ UboarU, UportU, UdoorU, UshoreU
uɚ UboorU, UtourU, UinsureU
ɒ British cot, bomb
ɔ British caught, paw, port
ə: British merge, bird
əʊ British oat, own, zone, blow
ɪə British near, deer
ɛə British bare, fair
ʊə British boor, tour
‫اﻻﺻﻮات‬‫ﻣﻠﺨﺺ‬

52. 52

53. 53

54. 54
Questions (1) 
1. This golden watch is more expensive than I thought.
We can rewrite the previous sentence as ………..
a. This golden watch isn't too expensive.
b. This golden watch is not as expensive as I thought.
c. This golden watch is as cheap as I thought.
d. UThis golden watch is not as cheap as I thought
2.Could you hold on ........ a few moments?
Ua. forU
b. since
d. last
d. to
3.Was there ......... on the highway this morning?
a. Umuch trafficU
b. many traffic
c. many traffics

55. 55
d. much traffics
4.What are you going to buy Hani .......... her birthday.
a. in
b. Ø
cU. onU
d. at
5. ………there any coffee in that cattle?
a. Are
Ub. Is
c. Has
d. Have
6. Diamonds aren't as ……….as gold.
Ua. expensive U
b. most expensive
c. more expensive
d. expense
7.Water _____ at 100 degrees and _____ at 0 degree.
a. is boiling/ freezes
b. boils/ is freezing
c. is boiling/ is freezing
Ud. boils/ freezes
8.Christopher and .......... want to travel to the Far East
some day.

56. 56
Ua. IU
b. me
c. my
d. us
9. A: Why are you holding a piece of paper?
B: I (write) …………….a letter to my friends back home
in Texas.
a. will write
b. writing
Uc. am going to writeU
d. write
10.We were ............... by his .............. speech.
Ua. inspired/ inspiringU
b. inspiring/ inspired
c. inspiring / inspiring
d. inspired / inspired
11. It .......... right now. The rain ........... a few minutes ago.
a. a. rained / started
b. isn’t raining / started
c. rains / is starting
Ud. is raining / started
12.Will the last one to leave please put .............the
candles?
a. off

57. 57
Ub. out
c. over
d. by
13.This word can be used both as a noun ............. as a
verb.
a. or
Ub. and
c. but
d. so
14. ………… blue trousers .......... more expensive than ……
green suit.
a. That/ is/ that
Ub. These/ are/ that
c. These / are/ these
d. That / are/ this
15. I'm tired because I have been working .............
Ua. hardU
b. hardly
c. harder
d. hardest
16. Select the sentence in which usually appears in an
appropriate position
Ua. Suzanne doesn't usually get involved in politics.
b. Suzanne usually doesn't get involved in politics.
c. Suzanne doesn't get usually involved in politics.

58. 58
d. Suzanne doesn't get involved usually in politics.
17. How many times ..........you .......... to Los Angeles?
a. have / gone
Ub. have/ been
c. had/ gone
d. had/ been
18. I spend all of my money ..... clothes.
Ua. on U
b. about
c. at
d. over
19. I don’t like _____ letters.
a. UwritingU
b. to writing
c. write
d. writes
20. He …….. to class this morning because he was sick.
aU. didn't come U
b. hadn't come
c. hasn't come
d. doesn't come
21.While the reporter ___ the policeman, the robbers
escaped.
a. interviews

59. 59
Ub. was interviewing
c. have interviewed
d. interviewed
22.This man smashes telephone boxes, he is ____
Ua. vandalU
b. mugger
c. blackmailer
d. shoplifter
23.John’s got a nice villa, but I ____ .
a. don't
b. am not
Uc. haven’tU
d. didn’t
24.Sorry, I’m out, if you leave your number. I’ll .......... to
you.
a. give
Ub. get backU
c. drop
d. return
25. Hello John can I............ you to Carlo?
a. take
bU. introduceU
c. speak
d. tell

60. 60
26. He’s got plenty of hair, but his brother’s ...............
a. bold
Ub. baldU
c. boald
d. bled
27. Can you bring me some bars of ……………?
Ua. soapU
b. soup
c. paper
d. cheese
28. Which is correct order?
a. a short, black, fat cat
b. a black, short, fat cat
Uc. a short, fat, black cat
d. a fat, black, short cat
29. There are no direct .........to Brazil.
a. flying
b. fly
c. Uflights U
d. flown
30. Waiter : Would you like to have ....... coffee, Sir.
Mr. John: No thanks, I 'd like to have ....... glass of
water.
Ua. some / aU

61. 61
b. any / some
c. a / a
d. any / a
31. I ______ it at my evening class.
a. mad
Ub. made
c. maid
d. mid
32.You had a good time at the party, ...... you?
a. hadn't you
b. weren't you
c. haven't you
Ud. didn't you
33.Marry is Ulooking after the childrenU. The underlined
expression means:
a. She can see the children
Ub. She is taking care of the children
c. She is looking at the children
d. The children are in front of her
34.Would you like ....... egg?
a. some
b. any
Uc. an U
d. much

62. 62
35. The underlined letter in ( giraffe ) is pronounced:
a. / ʧ /
b. / ð/
c. / g/
d. / Uʤ/
36. The following words have silent letters EXCEPT
a. knee
b. knight
Uc. kite U
d. know
37. " Which do you prefer, the blue socks or the red ......."
a. one
UB .ones
c. Ø
d. once
38. The son of my brother is my........
Ua. nephewU
b. cousin
c. niece
d. aunt
39.All of the following are synonyms EXCEPT:
a. employee
Ub. employer
c. worker

63. 63
d. workman
40. Thieves …… a valuable painting from the museum
two days ago.
a. steal
b. stole
c. UstolenU
d. stealed
41. Jack got ………… bicycle and cycled away.
a. on
b. into
Uc. off
d. out of
42. Who prepares food is called the ………
a. cooker
Ub. cookU
c. maid
c. nanny
43.We need to cut down UaboutU 15% of our costs this
year.
The underlined word could be substituted by.......
Ua. nearly U
b. increasingly
c. daily
d. totally

64. 64
44. A basket of apples _____ sent to my husband by his
grandparents last week
a. has been
b. have been
Uc. was U
d. were
45. I …………. my homework. Don't disturb me.
Ua. am doing
b. do
c. was doing
d. will do
46. A: Excuse me, can you tell me how to get ____ the
Grand theater.
B: Go____ this road and take the second turning.
a. to/on
Ub. to/downU
c. on/ down
d. past/ long
47. You can't go to the cinema because you have an
exam. What would you say in this situation?
a. If I have an exam, I won't go to the cinema.
Ub. I would go to the cinema if I didn't have an exam.
c. If I don't have an exam, I won't go to the cinema.
d. I will go to the cinema if I haven't an exam

65. 65
48.The vowels – ou- in the following words are
pronounced the same EXCEPT:
a. sought
b. fought
c. ought
Ud. cough
49. I have never been able to stay in one job........ I get
bored quickly.
a. so
b. although
c. but
Ud. because
50. I met a ……… lady last week who lives in ……….
a. Portugalese/ Belgium
b. Portugese / Belgian
c. Potugalises/ Belgiuan
Ud. Portuguese/ Belgium
Questions (2) 

66. 66
1.------------------- books in your free time?
a. Are you reading b. You are
reading
Uc. Do you readU d. You read
2. When adding (third personal singular s ) to the verbs
ending in 'y' preceded by a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) we :
a. add - ies b. add – es
Uc. add –sU d. non of
the above
3. Jack, Kate and I ............... in this competition.
a. am taking part b. Is
taking part
c. Uare taking partU d. take
part
4. Profits have increased over the past months ……….. we
are not in a strong financial position
a. and b. so

67. 67
c. or Ud.
but
5. We talked ----------- an hour about what do we
like doing …….. weekends and what are we going to buy
Mona …….. her birthday.
a- about/ at/ on Ub- for/
at/ on
c- at/ in/ at d- in/
during/ in
6. She has already inherited over …………….. $
a. two hundred, thirteen million, five hundred, eighty
two
thousand , and twenty seven
b. two hundred thirteen million, five hundred eighty two
thousand, twenty seven
Uc. two hundred and thirteen million, five hundred and
eighty two thousand, twenty seven
d. two hundred and thirteen million ,five hundred and
eighty two thousand, and twenty seven
7. I ……………. him only once since I met him last year.
Ua. have seenU b. did see
c. saw d. am seeing
8. What ……………… about the new anti-terrorist law?
a. are you thinking Ub. do you think
c. have you thought d. have you been

68. 68
thinking
9. It is important that you …………….there at 9:00.
a. be b. will be
c. will Ud. are
10. The final s in the word { shares} is pronounced:
a. / s/ b. / Is/
c. / Iz/ Ud. / z/
11. You're a teacher! How long ..... a teacher?
a. are you b. have you been
c. do you be d. were you
12. There was a big storm yesterday. I was playing golf
when it ………….
a. hits Ub. hit
Uc. hitted d. was hitting
13. Days in winter are shorter than ……………… in
Summer.
a. these Ub. those
c. this d. that
14. The chicken tastes delicious. Please give me
……………………..?
a. little more b. few more
c. any more Ud. some more
15. His wife works -------- Microsoft, while he works -

69. 69
---------a library.
a. in/in Ub. for/ in
c. for/for d. in/ for
16. …………….. the morning of July 25, he visited his
friends in the hospital.
a .In Ub. On
c. At d. Of
17. I need to put ----------- some money for hard
times.
a. up b. down
Uc. awayU d. off
18. John hasn't eaten. - Don't worry I -----------
him a sandwich
a. make b. am making
Uc. will makeU d. am going to make
19. My wife stayed ………. the bus while I got ….. at the
rest stop
Ub. in/ outUa. on/ out of
d. into/ offc. in/ on
20. I felt so embarrassed - I just couldn't ………….
b. See eye to eye with hima. Give
him the eye
Uc. look him in the eyeU d. give him the blind
eye
21. This semester I ........work much harder.

70. 70
a. will Ub. am going to
c. am d. was
22. He would not win because he ...... many mistakes
Ua. did U b. spent
c. made d. do
23. I felt ..... with my grade in the grammar test.
Ub. disappointed.Ua. disappointing
c. disappoint d. disappoints
24. Could you please buy me a ...... of vinegar .
Ua. bottle U b. tube
c. jar d. packet
25. I haven’t worked ....... I last met you
a. for b. in
c. by dU. since
26.
He is one .......... driver.
Ua. careful U b. more careful
c. carefully d. most careful
27. ………… a UFO?
a. Did you ever see b. Do you ever see
Uc. Have you ever seen U d. You have ever seen
28. The fire brigade quickly put …….. the fire.
Ua. out U b. on
c. off d. up

71. 71
29. He ……… his car quickly so he hit a man.
a. drived b. driven
c.droved Ud. drove
30. He never gives money to his family. He's a.......
person.
Ua. mean U b. millionaire
c. well- off d. generous
31. Could you buy me ....... tooth brush?
a. any b. some
Uc. a U d. many
32. While I was crossing the road, I was .......
a. stolen Ub. robbed
c. theft d. burgled
33. In a neutral context which words are stressed?
a. CAN you make me a cup of tea?
b. Can you make me A cup OF tea?
Uc. Can you MAKE me a cup of TEA?
d. Can YOU make ME a cup of tea?
34. Which of the following sentence is possible to happen.
a. UIf I see him, I'll give him your message
b. If he studied , he would have better grades
c. If they will have extra money, they will put it in the
bank.
d. If I come late, my parents get angry.

72. 72
35. Which of the following verbs the – ed is pronounced
/ Id/
a. watched b. played
Uc. acted U d. shacked
36. We don't visit you very often because you live so far.
a. If you live so far, we'll visit you.
b. If you don't live so far we will visit you.
Uc. We would visit you if you didn't live so far
d. We would visit you if you lived so far
37. He came to the party....... he wasn't invited
a. because b. but
d. or Ud. although
38. I will be late today, ________ my car has broken down.
a. although b. if
Uc. becauseU d. so
39. I'm reading an exciting book about Islamic culture.
This sentence describes
Ua. action that is happening nowU b. habitual
action
c. future arrangement d.
changing situation
40. I didn't spend as much money as you. I ...............
Ua. spent less money than you
b. spent as much money as you
c. spent money too

73. 73
d. spent more money than you
41. The numbers shows that he …………….the next
President of the United States.
a. is b. will be
Uc. is going to be U d. be
42. Select the sentence in which recently appears in an
appropriate position
a. She has worked recently as shop assistant
b. She has worked as a shop assistant recently.
c. She has recently worked as a shop assistant
Ud. Both B and C
43. She gets ........ when I turn the lights off.
Ua. confused U b. confuse
c. confusing d. confuses
44. Jane is trying to ……. on smoking.
a. stop down Ub. cut down
c. put down d. keep down
45. It's unlucky to walk……… a ladder in my culture. I
always walk……. it.
a. through / in b. out of / in
Uc. under / aroundU d. up / along
46. She........... the piano everyday, but she gave up now.
a. is using to play b. played
c. uses to play Ud. used to play

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47. Many ………… were cancelled after the explosions.
Ua. tours U b. tourists
c. tourism d. tourist
48. All of the following pairs are opposites EXCEPT:
Ua. worker / employeeU b. exciting / boring
c. more/ less d. spend/ earn
49. New ideas have been put into practice ………. he was
elected our leader
Ua. since U b. after
c. for d. if
50. Africa is ........... second ........ continent in the world.
a. a / large b. the / large
c. the/ larger Ud. the/ largest
52. The teacher gave ----------- some homework
a- my Ub- me
c- I d- mine
53. My grandmother prefers --------- science fiction
books.
a- read b- reads
c- Ureading U d- is reading
54. How --------------petrol do we need?
Ub. muchUa. many
d. ac. some

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55. Which breed of ------ produces the finest wool?
Ub. sheepUa. sheeps
d. sheepesc.sheepies
56. One of the following words contains silent letter(s).
a-hotel b-kept
Uc-islandU d-bald
57. Please , I need ---------------- about this center
.
Ua- some information U b-many informations
d-few informationc- an information
58. Tom is --------- boy , he climbed the ladder ----
----
a. careful/ careful b. carefully/
carefully
c. carefully/ careful Ud. careful/ carefully
59. I enjoyed the book ---------- it had a bad ending.
a. so b. because
Uc. although U d. that
60. She has a lot of homework ------------ she is
staying at home.
Ua. so U b. because

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c. although d. that
61. I went to sleep because I was tired.
The previous sentence could be re- written correctly in
one of the following sentences:
a. I went to sleep although I was tired.
b. I went to sleep so I was tired
c. UI was so tired I went to seep
d. I was tired and I went to sleep
62. He died in 1990.
The previous sentence could be re- written by using ago:
a. He died 1990 years ago b. He died a decade
ago
c. He died nineteen year ago Ud. He died twenty
years ago
63. The boy jump ---------- the pool.
a. through b. out off
Uc. intoU d. above
64. The diver swam ---------- the shipwreck.
a. UtowardsU b. away from
c. round d. below
65. Which question is in the correct?
a. Did she saw her? b. She did see her?
c. She did saw her ? Ud. Did she see
her?
66. Alex did not .......... last weekend.

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a. UworkU b. worked
c. works d. worken
67. Katrina's ----- teacher our class has ever had.
b. the bettera. the good
Ud. the bestUc. the goodest
68. Yesterday’s test Uwas not as difficult as Uthe today’s.
This sentence also means------
a. Yesterday’s test was more difficult than today’s
b. Yesterday’s test was easier than today’s
c. Today’s test is easier than yesterday’s
Ud. Today’s test is more difficult than yesterday’s
69. Do you think you could open this envelop for me?
This sentence has the function of:
Ua. requestU b. suggestions
c. offer d. invitation
70. Abbey is enjoying listening to the Rolling Stones'
music
Which of the following is gerund:
a. enjoying b.
Ulistening
c. rolling d.
listening and rolling
71. I have a full- time-------- in one of the fast food
chains in Amman.
a. work b. chore

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c. employment Ud. job
72. The vowel sound in the word sunny is:
a. / i:/ Ub./ I/
c. / a:/ d. / /
73. Like most people from -------- ,she loves football.
a. Brazilian Ub. Brazil
c. Brazilish d. Brazilese
74. I get ----------- between "make" and "do" in
English
Ua. confused U b. confuses
c. confusing d. confuse
75. The sentence “ It’s too low” has the same meaning of
:
a- it isn’t low enough b- it is too
high
Uc- it isn’t high enoughU d- it is high
enough
76. ----------- works with UindividualsU, UfamiliesU,
UgroupsU, UorganizationsU and UcommunitiesU.
a. Policeman bU. Social worker
c. Prison officer d. Civil engineer
77. A: What time should we go to the airport?
B: The plane -------- in half an hour. I think we

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should leave now
a. lands b.
is landing
c. will land Ud. is
going to land
78. Carrots are good for you, cakes are bad for you
a. Carrots are worse for you than cakes.
b. Cakes are better for you than carrots
c. U Carrots are better for you than cakes
d .Carrots are far more good than the cake
79. France is as ----------- as Spain
b. UbeautifulUa. beautiful than
d. more beautifulc. most beautiful
80. --------- nice trousers.
b. That areUa. These are
c. It is d. This is
81. What colour shoes did you buy?
Black --------
b. onea. Uones
d. themc. They
82. Marry wants to buy herself a dress, but she needs to
get some money from her husband. What will she say in
this situation;
a. If my husband gave me some money, I would buy
myself a dress

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b. If my husband will give me some money, I buy myself
a dress
Uc. I will buy myself a dress, if my husband gives me some
money
d. I would buy myself a dress, if my husband would give
me some money
83. A: Were you at home at 8p.m. yesterday?
B: No, ..........
a. I didn't b. I'm not
c. UI wasn'tU d. I couldn't
84. I'm glad I live with other people. I wouldn't like to
live........
a. by my own b. in my own
c. Uon my ownU d. with my own
85. Have you ever……….. to England?
a. UbeenU b. gone
c. traveled d. go
86. I have UpaintedU a picture, and my father Upainted Uthe
house. The underlined words in the sentence are:
a. homophones b. synonyms
c. superlatives d. Uhomonyms
87. You want to go skiing with your friends this
weekend, but you have an exam next week. What would
you say in this situation?

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a. If I don't have an exam, I will go skiing next week.
Ub. If I didn't have an exam, I would go skiing next week.
c. If I have an exam, I will go skiing next week.
n exam, I will go skiing next week.
88. She's gone already? And I am only ............ minutes
late!
b. littlea. Ufew
c. any d. some
89. The proud parent brought home .............. new baby
girl.
a. my b. Uher
c. their d. its
90. The driver of the car was ......... injured.
a. serious b. serioused
c. seriousing d. Useriously
91. A: Where’s your father
B: He’s ....... to the airport
a. went b. been
c. goes d. Ugone
92. Jack got ………… bicycle and cycled away.
a. UonU b. into
c. off d. out of
93. The vowels – ou- in the following words are
pronounced the same EXCEPT:
a. sought b. fought

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c. ought d. Ucough
94. If we............ the time, we 'd help you.
a. would have b. UhadU
c. have d. will have
95. --------means a place:
a. their b. Uthere
c. they're d. thier
96. Most of the jobs nowadays Utake a lot of timeU.
The underlined expression could be replaced by:
aU. time consumingU b. time reducing
c. time achieving d. time constructing
97. One of the following words is MISSED -SPELT
a. flying b. swimming
c. painting d. Ustealling
98. He didn’t talk to me when he saw me in the market,
he………
a. gave me the eye. Ub. turned the black eye
to me
c. saw eye to eye with me d. caught my eye.
99. There were lots of dresses to choose from, but none
of them really caught my eye.
Ua. caught my eyeU b. gave her the eye
c. saw eye to eye with it d. be her blue eye
100. Many of the ……….die in their way to ……….

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boarders.
a. Mexican/ America b. Mexico / America
c. Mexico/ American d. UMexican/
American