Ecological Problem Invasive Species

Ecological Problem Invasive Species
Ecological Challenges
Ecological Problem Invasive Species
One environmental issue that the great lakes watershed has been exposed to is invasive species. An
invasive species is any organism that is foreign to an ecosystem and causes harm (United States
Environmental Protection Agency, 2016). In ordered to be classified as foreign they do not have to
be from a different country but they just must be a non–native to an established ecosystem. Some of
the species travel at their own will but they primarily spread through human activities
unintentionally. As we import and export goods, or travel, some uninvited species may ride along
and travel to new places. Organisms can be stowed away in ships or products like wood. Some
ornamental plants may ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While in many ways the two lakes share similar attributes, they can also be observed as their own
entities. Each lake containing characteristics that make them preferred for some species types. In
addition, the region shares some environmental concerns. Those concerns pertaining to invasive
species as well as poor water quality. Both of which impact the physical characteristics, and natural
life of the organisms that make up the many different habitats the region
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

The Great Lakes And Environment Essay
This policy memo is addressed to Congressman David Joyce who represents the 14th District of
Ohio. Congressman Joyce is a Republican who could be considered a moderate conservative on an
ideological scale, meaning that he is about halfway between moderate and far–leaning right (Rep.
David Joyce, 2016). Issues that Joyce works toward are the economy and jobs, which is his number
one priority, and is also against regulations and taxes. Joyce is heavily involved in energy with a
focus on supporting the coal, wind, and natural gas industries, in addition he is against policies that
may burden small businesses. The Great Lakes and environment are a priority for Joyce as he wants
to protect the Great Lakes, but mainly for economic purposes. Joyce has sponsored three bills that
work to protect and/or restore the Great Lakes. He has not been vocal in regards to whether or not he
believes in climate change, although his stance toward coal and natural gas would suggest that he
may not, although this may be solely to protect Ohioan jobs. Additional issues that he works toward
are defense & national security, health care, the national debt, tax reform, veterans, and seniors
(Issues & Legislation, 2016). David Joyce is currently serving his second term in the U.S. House of
Representatives and is up for re–election in 2016. During the 2016 primaries, Joyce received 64.5
percent of the vote against Matt Lynch (Elections & Voting In Ohio, 2016). During the 2014 general
election, he won

The Great Lakes Region
The Huron were a First Nations people around what is currently known as the Great Lakes region.
The Jesuits, a group of French Catholic missionaries, voyaged to various parts of the St. Lawrence
region. With that, the Jesuit missions of Huronia are significant in understanding the history of
Huronia, Catholic conversions of First Nations, the epidemics that ravaged many Aboriginal
peoples, and the displacement of the Huron. There were considerable effects of the Jesuit missions,
including economic benefits for the French and the Huron, differences and similarities among the
two cultures, and the devastating epidemics among the First Nations. This essay argues that the
Jesuit missions of Huronia was a contributing force in the eventual ... Show more content on
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By the 1620s, the Huron–French economic alliance was strong and benefitted both partners. As this
economic partnership progressed, the Huron people allowed the French to send Catholic priests to
Huronia as a part of the Counter–Reformation movement of this time, in which the French aimed "to
root out corruption in the Catholic Church" as Christianity split along irreconcilable differences
among Catholics and Protestants. Firstly, the Recollet missionaries voyaged to the Huron area to
convert Aboriginal peoples to Catholicism and French values. However, due to financial issues, the
Recollets worked with the Jesuits from 1625 to 1629, who were wealthy and dominant, whose
mission was "to convert non–Christians throughout the world." Moreover, in 1634, the French–
Huron alliance was renewed as the Huron people reluctantly allowed the French missionaries to live
among them in Huronia. However, the Huron people were apprehensive of the Jesuits as there had
been a considerable loss of life after various European diseases were introduced to them. The Jesuits
exerted considerable effort in their missions in Huronia. Firstly, as these distinct cultures closely
interacted with each other, a relationship required the building of cooperation and communication.
That is, the Jesuits stressed the importance of learning the Huron

Why And Why Are The Great Lakes Important?
The Great Lakes are one of the most important resources not only in the Windsor Essex area but also
in North America, it is reported that they contain the second largest amount of fresh water on earth
second to the polar ice caps ("Why Are the Great Lakes Important?" Why Are the Great Lakes
Important? Ask. Web. 8 July 2015. . ) ("Great Lakes." The Canadian Encyclopedia. 7 Feb. 2006.
Web. 8 July 2015. .). Individuals rely on it for drinking water, cooking, economic benefits
(fisheries), power, recreation use and migration and trade routes "Great Lakes." Government of
Canada, Environment Canada. Government of Canada. Web. 8 July 2015. .
As we can see humans rely heavily on Great Lakes for many things; but the stability of the natural
environment ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Zebra mussels which colonized Lake St Clair and spread through the Great Lakes are still a large
problem for today's industries mainly affecting water sanitation and power generating plants. Zebra
Mussels are found throughout the Great Lakes regions, they are native to Black Sea and were
introduced to the Great Lakes through ships carrying ballast water (
http://www.invadingspecies.com/invaders/invertebrates/zebra–and–quagga–mussels/ ). They are
able to reproduce and colonize easily due to their generalist nature. Zebra Mussels tend to clog
intake screens in power generation plants in some cases company have to spend millions on
removing these organisms and even more on just monitoring them. The impact of Zebra Mussels in
Ontario alone cost $75–91 million a year("How Government Combats Invasive Species."
Ontario.ca. Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry, 8 May 2014. Web. 8 July 2015. . ) . They
also clog pipes in the water supply system affecting not only water sanitation plants but also
everyday homeowners who live near waterfront. Not only has that but due to introduction of Zebra
Mussel the native clam population reduced significantly. And they filter water to where plankton are
removed from ecosystem altering the food web dynamics (
http://www.invadingspecies.com/invaders/invertebrates/zebra–and–quagga–mussels/). In turn

Great Lakes Water Piping
Great Lakes Water Piping
Unbiased Introduction For years, there has been debate over who has access to the water in the
Great Lakes. The Great Lakes provide about 20 percent of the world's freshwater resources and
many areas would like to use that water for various purposes. Water is also becoming a valuable
resource, with many areas lacking the access to it necessary for their area's needs. Because of this,
lawmakers passed a compact in 2008 that was designed to protect the Great Lakes against pressure
from other States to withdraw water (Kalsness, 2011). A compact is an agreement between states or
nations that bind them to whatever they agreed upon. This compact makes sure that areas outside of
the Great Lakes region do not have access to the water. Despite this compact, some want to use the
Great Lakes to pipe water to other states that do not have the same natural resources. Proponents of
this piping say that is gives water to areas that need it and that it will provide additional income to
the area (Cauchon, 2006). Opponents say that piping would go against water conservation and
environmental protection as well as water management. They also say that it is a natural resource
that belongs to the area and should not be taken away to other areas of the country (Dempsey, 2008).
Currently, the debate continues about the correct use of the resource of the Great Lakes.
Supporting 'For" Arguments
Those who are in favor of piping the water out of the Great

Zebra Mussel Research Paper
Zebra Mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) a small filter feeding species. A single animal can filter one
liter of water per day. A grown adult can range from one inch to two inches in size. One mussel has
the ability to produce 100,000 eggs. Today, it is believed the great lakes are host to 10 trillion Zebra
mussels. Zebra mussels feed mainly on plankton a very small aquatic creature that is native to the
lakes' and a primary food source of native fish. With the plankton population decreasing the water
clarity has increased, the extra light reaching deeper into the lakes water allows for algae growth.
Many of the algae blooms occurring in the lakes and rivers are very toxic to the native wildlife and
even humans. Records have indicated that in 1985 vessels bound for the great lakes from freshwater
locations in European, used fresh water to fill the ballast tanks. Once across the Ocean the vessels
dumped the foreign water. Little thought was given regarding what was contained within the vessels
ballast tanks.
The Zebra Mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) have found refuge in ... Show more content on
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Through this method humans would help change the conditions favorable to the zebra mussel for
spawning to occur, this in turn would eliminate a spawn and the mussel's population would not
increase. The idea of using serotonin on zebra mussels has begun to look as a useful method. In this
method the serotonin would be applied externally triggering a spawning cycle. Those applying the
serotonin would be doing so during unfavorable conditions for the young to survive. One downside
to this method is it does have an effect on other animals as well as humans, if a species–specific
variation is found it will be prove to be very beneficial, in the meantime more research is being
conducted to find similar amino acids which can provide a safe and desired results.

Sea Lamprey Essay
Sea Lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) are an invasive species of lamprey that, while native to marine
environments, have moved into the freshwater great lakes. Sea lampreys first entered the great lakes
through canals, which were revolutionary means of transportation at the times. There were multiple
canals, connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the great lakes. The lampreys were previously impeded by
Niagara falls. Now with the canals connecting both bodies of water, there was no longer an obstacle.
Sea lamprey first moved into Lake Ontario sometime in the 1830's. It would almost be 90 years later
until they start to appear in the Great Lakes. In 1921 sea lampreys are present in Lake Erie. By 1940
sea lampreys had moved into every Great Lake, their populations were exploding, and they were
decimating native fish populations. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
While an adult may only live between one and two years, it can kill over 40 pounds of fish.
Additionally, there are certain locations where the parasites are so malevolent that only around 15%
of the host fish will survive after the lamprey has had its fill. Never before had parasitism occurred
on such a level in the great lakes. It was as though the native species of fish had come in contact
with the plague. Ultimately, the sea lamprey feed on any large species of fish within their path. In
the case of the great lakes this includes: Catfish, Lake Trout, Steelhead (Rainbow Trout), Walleye,
Burbot, Whitefish, and Chubs. The sea lamprey destroyed the native fish populations, especially the
trout. Previously, trout were harvested greatly by both the United States and Canada from the Great
Lakes. Annual catches would often be several million pounds. However, after the lampreys
occurrence catches dropped to comparatively

Water : The Great Lakes Essay
Water Quality– The Great Lakes
71 percent of the earth's surface is made of water. 97 percent of earths water is saline water and not
safe for human consumption. This leaves just 3 percent of earth's water as fresh water, most of
which is ice caps and glaciers. 68 percent of the fresh water on Earth is found in icecaps and
glaciers. 30 percent of fresh water is found in ground water leaving around .3 percent of earth's
water as surface fresh water. Of the .3 percent of surface fresh water the Great Lakes make up 84%
of North America 's surface fresh water and about 21% of the world 's supply of surface fresh water.
("Great Lakes Facts and Figures." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2016.)
Pollution, invasive species, global warming; these are all aspects that affect 21% of the freshwater
system in the world. The five Great Lakes and their surrounding land; Lake Huron, Lake Ontario,
Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, and Lake Erie provide fresh drinking water for millions of people
across the United States and Canada. The Great Lakes basin, provides fishing, hunting, and other
recreational activities to the more than 33 million people living around the basin of the Great Lakes.
As the Great lakes play such an important role in providing safe drinking water to North America
water quality and treatment are both important topics for the Great Lakes and the people that depend
on them. We have spent billions of dollars to provide safe drinking water to citizens

The Great Lakes Of Water Essay
The Great Lakes
71 percent of the earth's surface is made of water. 97 percent of earths water is saline water and not
safe for human consumption. This leaves just 3 percent of earth's water as fresh water most of which
is icecaps and glaciers. 68 percent of the fresh water on Earth is found in icecaps and glaciers. 30
percent of fresh water is found in ground water leaving around .3 percent of earth's water as surface
fresh water. Of the .3 percent of surface fresh water the great lakes make up 84% of North America
's surface fresh water and about 21% of the world 's supply of surface fresh water. ("Great Lakes
Facts and Figures." EPA. Environmental Protection Agency, n.d. Web. 15 Nov. 2016.)
Pollution, invasive species, global warming; these are all aspects that affect 21% of the freshwater
system in the world. The five Great Lakes and their surrounding land; Lake Huron, Lake Ontario,
Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, and Lake Erie provide fresh drinking water for millions of people
across the United States and Canada. The Great Lakes basin, provides fishing, hunting, and other
recreational activities to the more than 33 million people living around basin of the Great lakes.
As the Great lakes play such an important role in providing safe drinking water to North America
water quality and treatment are both important topics for the Great Lakes and the people that depend
on them. We have spent billions of dollars to provide safe drinking water to citizen of North
America and

Summary: The Great Lakes Watershed
Section One
The Great Lakes Watershed at a Glance: Lake Michigan and Lake Huron The Great Lakes of the
United States of America is known worldwide for its vast collection of fresh water. Nestled in with
the Midwestern area of the country, one will find the Great Lakes Watershed. While commonly
known as the five Great Lakes of (Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, Lake Superior, and Lake
Ontario), together the lakes can be referred to as the Laurentian Great Lakes. While in many ways
the lakes are observed as a singular entity, they each are also contain individualistic components,
giving them defining qualities. Within all the lakes however, keeping in mind these defining
qualities, are diverse ecosystem/ecosystems filled with diverse habitats, ... Show more content on
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Several native fish to Lake Michigan include; Lake Trout, Sea Lamprey, Deepwater Sculpin, Yellow
Perch and Burbot (Tsehaye et al., 2014). However, these fish live in very different areas of the water
and prefer different water temperature. Per the Michigan Department of Natural Resources,
Menominee, White Sucker, and Longnose Sucker fish are all bottom feeders. They prey on aquatic
insects, fish eggs, small clams and crayfish. White Suckers prefer warm, shallow waters, but
Longnose Suckers prefer cold, deeper waters. There are various fish that cannot be found deeper
than 20–30 feet such as Largemouth Bass and Yellow Perch. Largemouth Bass are significantly
larger in size and will often grow longer than 20 inches, while Yellow Perch are much smaller. On
average, Yellow Perch grow to be between 4 and 10 inches long. The Largemouth Bass will prey on
aquatic insects, but also eat minnows and other small fish. Within the Great Lakes, there are some
species of fish that live in rocky areas. Brook Trout and Rock Bass are two fish that can be found in
shallow, rocky water. Both Brook Trout and Rock Bass mostly feed on aquatic insects and can
sometimes be found under logs and undercut

The Influence Of The Great Lakes
The Great Lakes are surrounded by the northern United states, and southern Canada. Both countries
own the Great Lakes except for Michigan which is only owned by United States. The Great Lakes
include Superior, Michigan, Huron, Erie, Ontario. The Great Lakes are connected together by rivers.
The Great Lakes are also connected to the Atlantic Ocean with the St. Lawrence River.
During the 1970s the Great Lakes were polluted by many things. For example, oils, factory's waste,
mercury, and fertilizer. The water was filled with so much pollution that it didn't even look like
water. The water was filled with so much mercury and other toxic chemicals that it would dangers
for the fish to live, and for the birds to eat the fish. The Cuyahoga River

Asian Carps In The Great Lakes
There were Asian Carp found in a water mass in one of the Great Lakes. Imported from Asia, the
sliver carp, will out compete native species in the Great Lakes for food. This would ruin the
ecosystem in the Great Lakes because the carps will out compete the species that are native to this
lake for food causing the native species to die off. In the Great Lakes commercial and sport fishing
is an industry that is worth billions yearly. The silver carp that was found in the great lake could
have gotten there many different ways. On is that is swam through the electric barrier that prevents
carps from entering the water way. Another is that it could have been on about and carried past the
barrier. Lastly, it could have been placed in the lake by

The Pros And Cons Of Water Pollution
In accordance with the ethics of Bentham in the line of utilitarianism, my moral argument against
water pollution is thus:
1 Right actions are those that result in the most beneficial balance of good over bad consequences.
2 The Great Lakes water pollution's bad consequences outweighs its good consequences.
3 Therefore, pollution is not a right action.
Water pollution is defined as "a change in the chemical, physical and biological health of a
waterway due to human activity" (1). Over the past 50 years, pollution in the Great Lakes has been a
rising concern. Pollution in the Great Lakes includes the disposal of sewage, heavy metals, invasive
species, and pesticides that come from factory dumping, runoff of agriculture, nautical
transportation, and air pollution. According to an article published by the US Department of
Commerce, roughly 40 million people depend on the Great Lakes for drinking water, sport, power
(electricity), and transportation (McCartney). The negative consequences of water pollution include,
but are not limited to, the killing off of vital organisms, an increase in birth defects, infertility,
malfunctioning nervous systems, and learning disabilities (McCartney).
The pros of water pollution in the Great Lakes can be boiled down to the single idea that we can
continue living on the way we currently are. We get foods that are preserved well and in abundance
because of pesticides used in agriculture, even though they don't have to take into consideration

The Great Lakes And The Forests
The Great Lakes and the forests in Canada are both in severe states. Deforestation and pollution
have caused short and long term effects that not only impact human health, but ecosystems as well.
In order to mitigate these issues there needs to be action plans and individuals dedicated, and willing
to help.
The great lakes are 5 interconnected lakes throughout Canada and the USA, which flood out to the
Atlantic Ocean. "Over the last 30 years there has been a decrease in point–source depollution, due to
the government's recognition of the need to regulate emissions into the Great Lakes." (Jason
Boshern., 2010.) Regardless of the increasing lake conditions, there is much that still has to be done
to ensure no detrimental long term or short term effect on ecosystems or human health. (Jason
Boshern., 2010.)
The quality of water in the Great Lakes not only effects the different species living in the lakes, but
human health, all over Canada as well. "The five lakes occupy an area greater than half a billion
square kilometers, have a shoreline of 17,000 kilometers, and are surrounded by a population of
over 33 million." (Sproule–Jones, Mark., 2002.) With the lakes being so massive there are plenty of
different species living in them and people surrounding the lakes, living off the water. These factors
make poor water quality an even bigger issue. Pollution can be seen in many forms; such as fecal
contamination, toxic contamination from metals, nitrates and pesticides,

Zebra Mussels Research Paper
The signs are plastered where everyone can see, "Clean, Drain, Dry your boat!" these words have
become so well known, we are starting to forget their importance. The invasion of Zebra mussels
into America's waters has tremendously grown over the past several years and now, we are finally
able to turn the tide on these treacherous creatures. First of all, these shellfish get their name from
the Zebra like stripes that cover its "D shape" shell. It is approximately two inches or less in length
and have "sticky byssal threads that they use to attach tightly to any hard surface" (3.). When it
comes times for them to reproduce, the female may produce up to 500,000 eggs in a single year.
These eggs eventually develop into a small microscopic larva that will ultimately begin to form their
own shells. These Zebra Mussels first landed on the map in the late 1980's by hitching rides in the
ballast waters of cargo ships. First they started showing themselves in the great lakes and from there
they spread. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Zebra Mussels, by the 19th century, managed to spread to almost all of the major drainage ways of
Europe. In 1824, these treacherous organisms emerged in Great Britain. Where, even to this day,
they are well established. Nevertheless, when the mussels made their way by ship into the great
lakes, it was in a body of water connecting Lake Huron and Lake Erie, also known as Lake St. Clair.
Lake St. Clair is Canadian waters and it is presumed that is where these mussels first entered into
the United states' waters. From the great lakes, they moved to the Hudson and Illinois rivers. The
mussels invasion of the Illinois river was a major landmark in their spread. Because from the
Illinois, they managed to get into the Mississippi river and then so on into the 10 states that border
the

Zebra Mussels : An Invasive Species
Zebra Mussels
Have you ever seen a small, fingernail–sized animal that attach to solid surfaces in water? Adult
dreissena polymorphazebra, also known as zebra mussels, can grow to 1/4 to 1–1/2 inches long and
have D–shaped shells, they often have alternating yellow and brownish colored stripes. (Department
of Natural Recources) These mussels arrived in the United States through ballast water in ships and
have slowly spread throughout the freshwater lakes, since then they have known to become an
invasive species, and raise questions about how and whether we should stop them or not.
Ballast water is used in ships to increase stability and balance. When a large cargo ship is
unbalanced they simply pump what ever water the ship is floating in into the holding tanks below
the deck. The problem with ballast water is that there are no pumps and or filters to regulate what
the water has in it, thus spreading potential invasive species to other areas. These mussels are native
to Eastern Europe and Western Russia and were discovered in the Great Lakes in 1988.
Zebra mussels may cause many effects on nature as well as to our wallets. Early research shows that
zebra mussels can rapidly accumulate organic pollutants within their tissues to levels more than
three hundred thousand times greater than concentrations in the environment. They also deposit
these pollutants in their "pseudo–feces". Pseudo–feces or
Groff !1
pseudo–faeces are a specialized method of expulsion that filter–feeding

The Effects Of Mercury In The Great Lakes
The Effects of Mercury and its Appearance in the Great Lakes While liquid gold may be a modern
allegory for something desirable, there is another liquid metal that is quite the opposite of desirable.
Mercury is an unusual metal in that in its standard elemental form it is a liquid. Due to the increase
in industry over the last 100 years, Mercury levels have risen, which cause serious damage to
humans. There are three different chemical forms that mercury exists in and each has a specific
effect on human health, however for the purpose of this paper only two will be talked about. The
first is elemental mercury (Hg), which also called metallic mercury. In this form the primary health
effect is when it is breathes as vapor where it can be absorbed through the lungs. Symptoms of this
kind include tremors, emotional changes, insomnia, neuromuscular changes, headaches,
disturbances in sensations, changes in nerve responses, and performance deficits on tests of
cognitive functions. At higher doses there can be kidney effects, respiratory failure, and even death.
In this form it is emitted into the air from coal–fired power plants, waste incinerators, smelting
plants, which is by far the leading man–made source of mercury in the Great Lakes. It is released
into the air and transported by air currents and will eventually fall and be deposited in soil or water.
This is particularly important to the people living in Michigan because in Detroit the mercury found
in rain has been

The Effects Of Phosphorus On The Great Lake
History of the Phosphorus Issue in the Great Lake
Back to the history, the eutrophication problem was first time concerned by public on Great lakes at
the 1960s, the Lake Erie was covered by algae as a result of over dumped phosphorus from the
sewage and other waste water, at that time, the Lake Erie was known as the "Dead Sea of North
America"(Fitzpatrick, J. J., and Di Toro 1999). The reason cause this problem can be concluded in 2
points, 1. the stresses of overfishing, 2. development of phosphorus–based detergents. At the end of
1960, the Canada and the United States have realized the penetrance of this problem and finally sit
on the table to sign an agreement that limiting phosphorus dumps to the Lake Erie, and plan to
control existing unstoppable algal growth. Because of the awareness of Canada and US government,
the concentration of phosphorus got a significant success. And this problem happened again during
the 1990s, but this time the reason why this happen is more complexly.
The management of the runoff nutrients and phosphorus in North America
Source control
Although scientists have explain eutrophication can be first recognized at thousand years ago, but
eutrophication has become serious and well known as a significant problem was actually at the
1940s, along with growth of the population, and extend of the farm field. The first fact trigger to
eutrophication can be concluded as urbanization. At that time, most of the treated or untreated
sewage was directly

Invasive Species Invade The Great Lakes
The Great lakes have had many struggles throughout the years. Such as, invasive species, pollution,
and habitat loss. All of these affected the lake in a bad way and here is how.
Species have been invading the Great Lakes for a very long time. "Scientists estimate that there are
more than 185 invasive species in the Great Lakes today." One of the species that invade the Great
Lakes is the Round Goby. This animal usually feeds on fish eggs, Yellow Perch, Bass, and Walleye.
The Round Goby is an invasive species because it kills other species, or it can make them extinct.
Another example of invasive specie is Quagga Mussel. The Quagga Mussel usually sits in lakes or
oceans, building up over a long period of time, this leads to millions, and millions

Asian Carp Research Paper
In the 1970's man introduced the Asian Carp (Cyprinus carpio) to the Great Lake region. Their
introduction was done primarily as a form of management of aqua culture farms and sewage
treatment areas (Watershed Council). The fish were under controlled populations until record floods
occurred in the upper Mississippi River system. Once the flooding occurred the species began to
spread and destroy the native populations of fish and other aquatic animals.
The Carp having not been native to the Great lakes region have the upper hand on the native species.
By there being no natural predators located in this region let alone this hemisphere, the carp have
been able to flourish in mass numbers. Their large size and abilities to reproduce up to 2.2 million
have been able to decimate the natural population (Cooke, S.L). The Carp can grow up to a weight
of 100 pounds and up to 4 feet long. The Sturgeon a fish that can exceed 6 feet in length and grow
up to 100 pounds is the largest native fish in the region of the Great Lakes. The Sturgeons size is
impressive and is able to compete with that of the Carps but that is only in a select few. The average
size for the Sturgeon is anywhere between 28–48 inches and 5–36 pounds (Great Lakes fishers).
This makes them smaller and capable of easily being over ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Since they were introduced back in the 70's to help with waste treatment it would be safe to gather
that they are bottom feeders like the Catfish here in North Texas lakes that we are more familiar
with. The Carp are in fact filter feeders and need algae to maintain larger populations (Response in
the Midwest). There is fear among officials that the Carp are capable of adapting their dietary needs
and will begin to prey on smaller local fish that come in from the rivers and streams that feeds the
Great

Case 1: Cj Industries and Heavey Pumps
CJ Industries and Heavey Pumps
Section 2
Case 1
Chris Stowe
Student number: 14210009
2014.11.19
Word Count: 1719 CJ Industries has an opportunity to provide Great Lakes Pleasure Boats with key
engine components for their luxury line of pleasure boats. They earned this through the development
of a strong buyer–supplier relationship with Great Lakes and this 5–year, $10 million annual
contract offers them the chance to have an extended relationship if they can satisfy Great Lakes'
needs. The opportunity is critical for the successful future of CJI and the main goal of the company
should be to completely satisfy the requirements of the contract with Great Lakes, and secure their
future business with Great Lakes. While they do ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
CJI needs to analyze its value chain and decide if building the pumps in–house justify the
capitalization costs, impacts on their relationship with Heavy, and whether it will dilute their
business proficiency.
From Heavey's perspective: They are a small, local company that assumingly delivers quality
products on time and at the convenience of their buyer's needs. While their relationship with CJI
appears to have been professional and successful, they will not be able to continue to supply CJI
with all of their bilge pumps once the demand reaches 50 pumps monthly. This situation forces them
to consider their options which are: to expand their production capabilities or maintain their current
production levels and risk losing their business with CJI. Since they are a small company, they need
to heavily consider whether expanding their production will benefit them in the long term. Certainly
it would help them continue working with CJI, but it will be risky to invest that much in
capitalization when it is entirely possible that CJI could choose to manufacture the pumps in–house
anyways. The major uncertainty centers from the lack of a formalized contract with CJI. Also, they
need

Mussels In The Great Lakes Analysis
In the article published by the Detroit Free Press "How do you get rid 750 trillion mussels in the
Great Lakes" written by Kathleen Lavey, the author discusses how there is currently no technology
that would help on a large enough scale to kill all of the invasive mussels. Lavey talks about how
there are paints that contain chili peppers which muscles don't atach to. Companies use this paint on
intake pipes so they do not get clogged with muscles. Lavey also discusses 060Bio which a piece of
foam that is infused with copper and zinc ions which muscles find unsavory. They place these on
boats, that way boats don't get infested with muscles and move them around the lakes. There are
many different ideas out there but they don't have a method that

Great Lakes Research Paper
Preserving the Great Lakes With more than twenty percent of the world's surface freshwater, the
Great Lakes are extremely vital for many reasons ("The Great Lakes – Sustain Our Great Lakes").
The Great Lakes are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes. They are located in Northeastern
North America, between the border of the United States and Canada ("All About the Great Lakes").
The Great Lakes are very important for natural resources, habitats, and for scientific reasons. They
have a large variety of plant and animal life. Unfortunately, humans have a negative impact on this
environment. The Great Lakes, and how they are formed, are exceptionally important to Earth.
These lakes hold more than 6,000,000,000,000,000 gallons of freshwater, ... Show more content on
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This includes algae and phytoplankton. There are also large rooted plants providing food and shelter
for fish and wildlife in the lakes (Great Lakes: Lake System, North America"). Diatoms,
microscopic algae with grasslike shells of silica, are very important to the lakes. They are the
starting point of photosynthesis, which is an important part of the food web. Diatoms also help
organisms by providing food throughout the harsh winter months ("Great Lakes Water Life Photo
Gallery Algae Division Chrysophyta Diatoms"). Humans have a negative impact on the Great Lakes
despite the amount of solutions that can preserve it. The lakes have a very high level of pollution.
People have dumped raw sewage into these lakes, and there is a lot of industrial waste from factories
by the lakes. Global Warming has a huge impact on the lakes. It is increasing their air and water
temperature. The warming is causing the water from the lakes to evaporate into the air, which is
lowering lake levels and worsening water quality. Invasive species, that humans bring in, have an
impact on the food chain and the native animals that live in the lakes. New invasive species are
spotted about every twenty–eight weeks. The invaders are brought in by ocean–going ships and
transportation. Nearby sulfide mining industries also have a very negative impact. The sulfide is
poisoning the water. The sulfide is causing animal's habitats to be destroyed and it is polluting the
waters of the lakes ("Great

Great Lakes Water Quality Essay
Water quality in the Great Lakes is something that has been a criticall issue in the Great Lakes
Region for a number of years. Water quality can be anything that affects the benefits humans derives
from water. It can include drinking water, food, recreation, and any other use of water that is
possible. Many invasive species including zebra mussels and Asian carp pose a great threat to the
water quality of the Great Lakes. The ecosystem and industry relying on the Great Lakes are also
affected by this invasion. I feel that the best way to stop invasive species from coming into the Great
Lakes is to prevent the problem from happening before it already has.
Zebra Mussels are small mussels originally found in Russia, but were introduced into the Great
Lakes in 1988. Zebra Mussels have spread throughout every Great Lake, and are prominent in over
100 inland lakes (Home). Ships traveling up the Erie Canal transported the zebra mussel from
European waters into the Great Lakes. The zebra mussel quickly spread from Lake Erie to the other
Great Lakes. The invading species began to attach itself to almost every solid thing in the Great
Lakes. These can stick to boats, damage structures such as docks and piers, and they can clog water
intake pipes, which are used for drinking and industrial use. Invasive species like the zebra ... Show
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Therefore, in my opinion, the best approaches for dealing with the invasive species is to create
effective mechanisms to prevent their introduction in the first place before it happens, create
monitoring systems for detecting new infestations and we need to move rapidly to eradicate newly
detected invaders. Once invasive species become established and spread, it can be extraordinarily
difficult and costly to control or get rid of them all

Chemicals and Pesticides Found in the Great Lakes Essay
The chemicals found in water can be dangerous toward our health. We live near the Great Lakes
which supplies 20% of the World's fresh water. It also has chemicals that threaten the life evolving
around the fresh water. There are medical drugs that are being introduced to the fresh water lakes.
Stuff like antibiotics and steroids. These pharmaceuticals are posing danger for the environment.
This could affect the lake life,s growth. Pesticides are also found in the Great Lakes. These
pesticides are made up of dangerous chemicals like toxaphene and chlordane. The rain transports the
pesticides from crops to bodies of water like the Great Lakes. They are then absorbed by
phytoplankton and it moves up the food chain from there. Pesticides ... Show more content on
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Cadmium is dangerous because it can cause kidney failure. It travels in the blood toward the liver
where it shares bonds with proteins. It then travels to the kidneys where it can gather. The most
polluted lake is in Russia. It is called Lake Karachay. It can kill within an hour of being near its
vicinity. It was the place where russia dumped all of its radioactivity. The lake now posses caesium–
137 and strontium–90. powder is produce from caesium because it can easily bond with chlorides.
Strontium–90 also produces a large amount of radiation with a half life of just under 30 years. Many
residents were uninformed of the radioactivity and drank the lake water. Leukemia risen over 40%
and cancer risen over 20%. This was around the surrounding vicinity. It also cause a rise in birth
defects.
The Yangtze river flows through Asia. It is the third largest river in the world. It sustains a
population of 400 million people. Its fish has been reported to contain alkylphenols and
perfluorinated compounds. These are artificial compounds that are no good for the environment.
Alkylphenols can disrupt sexual growth. Perfluorinated compounds can lower sperm percentages in
humans. These two compounds can be disguised as hormones which can be bad for the reproduction
process in animal life. These compounds can be spread throughout the animal kingdom by the
means of the food chain. These compounds can be found in animals and people

The Great Lakes, Lake Lakes And Lake Ontario
The Great Lakes, including Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake
Ontario, are the largest freshwater lakes in the world, accounts for about 18% of the world 's fresh
water resources. They are rich in water and other resources and the area of the Great Lakes extend
more than 1200 km. The storage capacity of Great Lakes is about 23000 km3 and the surface area is
around 244000 km2. Nowadays 1/10 of the Americans and a quarter of Canadians live in the lakes.
Some of the world 's largest industrial center is built on here. Almost 25% of total agricultural
production in Canada and 7% in the United States will yield in this area. Although the area of the
lake is large, it could be affected by a wide range of pollutions vulnerably. Lakes pollution sources
include soil runoff, agricultural chemicals, municipal waste, industrial emissions and waste disposal
exudate. It is vulnerable to be affected by the pollutants company with rain, snow and dust in the
atmosphere because of the broad surfaces of the lakes. The outflows from the Great Lakes are less
than the total storage capacity so that the pollutants directly discharged into the lake from the coast
or tributaries of the lake would be retained in the lake in the system. Consequently, the concentration
of pollutants will be increasingly higher as time goes on. Furthermore they will stay in the system
and continue to cycle through the food chain in the ecosystem because of the re–suspended
sediments. Other than

Notes On The Great Lakes
3) The Great Lakes
To the west, Algonquian speaking people, including Ottawas, Ojibwas, and Potawatomis, or as all
together called Anishinaabe, dominated the Great Lakes ο Clan identities, such as beaver, otter,
sturgeon, deer, and others, were what allowed them to distinguish between the tribes ο As a result of
such diverse cultures and groups, Europeans remarked the landscape as "bewildering" and "an
infinity of undiscovered nations"
Extensive network of lakes, rivers, and birchbark canoes made them Great Lakes people mobile–
traveled long distance to meet, hunt, trade, etc....
4) The Great Plains and Rockies
Great Plains, located farther west, is vast and arid
Most people were in small, dispersed groups who hunted and gathered foods
In the plains, geopolitics was greatly influenced by horses, European import, even before the
Europeans arrived ο In the late sixteenth century, livestock was introduced in the Spanish colony of
New Mexico; from there, horses gradually spread all over the plains, allowing the former hunters to
become more successful in hunting ο Indians on horseback– more formidable opponents than those
on foot
(i) Comanches, a small Shoshonean band on the northern plain, migrated south in seek of horses
became one of the most formidable people
(ii) Horses allowed Sioux, a confederation of seven people who originated from present day
Minnesota, to move west and take over a wide territory from the Mississippi River to the Black
Hills. ο Farming

Environmental Justice Issue Of Environmental...
Introduction I propose to add the environmental justice issue of environmental discrimination into
the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. To do so, I will investigate specific issues and regulation
deficiencies that are negatively impacting the Great Lakes' reserves, and develop a plan of action on
your behalf. As you are aware, protecting the Great Lakes is critically important. It is not only the
largest source of freshwater in the United States but in the whole world. Indiana, Illinois, Michigan,
Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin border the Great Lakes, and all of those
states use it as a water source for a total of about 10 million people. Since the passing of the Clean
Water Act, industries like U.S. Steel Industry have been using the loopholes found in the bill to
further their profit, and as a side effect has caused damage to the water supply, disproportionately
affecting people in marginalized communities. By using these loopholes, the Great Lakes are
continually polluted, which causes appalling damage to the millions of people who use the water for
drinking and other water–centric necessities. Also, aging infrastructure causes leaking pipes,
corroding pipes that jeopardize the water systems, and failing sewage treatment plants. These
infrastructure problems not only disproportionate effect marginalized communities but all
communities suffer when the Great Lakes become polluted. Since there is already an initiative to
combat

The Invasion Of Starry Stonewort In The Great Lake
Aquatic macroalgae are homes to a diverse assemblage of epifauna. These assemblages vary across
different macrolage and substrate. Non–native foundation macroalgae species that invade habitats
already occupied by native foundation species can alter the composition and assemblage of native
epifauna. With the recent explosion of Starry Stonewort in the Great Lakes, it's important to
understand how this invasion can effect native organisms that depend on the native foundation
species. In this field observation, we will look into the possibility of a cascading effect that the
invasion of Starry stonewort may have in Lake Erie. With observations of areas of varying levels on
invasion, abundances of fish can be compared and analyzed to ... Show more content on
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It can dominate certain areas and create a homogenization of florals by suppressing native plants
(Kuhn and Klotz 2006).
Nitellopsis obtusa, or Starry stonewort, is a species of macroalgae that can grow up to 2 meters in
height and in depths of up to 10 meters (Pullman & Crawford 2010). They form in dense algae beds
that stretch across the landscape (Simons and Nat 1996). Though it is beneficial and endangered in
its native location of Europe and Asia, it has thrived and become a nuisance since its arrival in North
America (Pullman & Crawford 2010).
Starry Stonewort is thought to have first arrived in North America during 1978 where it made its
way from the St. Lawrence River in New York (Schloesser et al. 1985). It is likely to have arrived
from ballast water on ships that enter the Great Lakes; Starry stonewort spreads when plant
fragments break off and are dispersed by boats and trailers (Escobar et al. 2016). Due to their
distinctive bulbils not appearing until late in the season, it can go unidentified for lengthy periods of
time (Pullman & Crawford). Otherwise, it resembles many other plants. Scientists have difficulty
controlling this species of macroalgae; Starry Stonewort lacks a vascular system which makes it
difficult to kill with an herbicide because the chemicals cannot be carried throughout

Cj Industry
CJ Industries has an opportunity to provide Great Lakes Pleasure Boats with key engine components
for their luxury line of pleasure boats. They earned this through the development of a strong buyer–
supplier relationship with Great Lakes and this 5–year, $10 million annual contract offers them the
chance to have an extended relationship if they can satisfy Great Lakes' needs.
The opportunity is critical for the successful future of CJI and the main goal of the company should
be to completely satisfy the requirements of the contract with Great Lakes, and secure their future
business with Great Lakes. While they do most manufacturing in–house, they have been sourcing
their bilge pumps out to Heavey Pumps on an informal basis. While Heavey ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and risks of each of these alternatives.
Should they continue using Heavey?:
The major reasons to stay with Heavey would be that they have developed a relationship by working
together with CJI for a long time. CJI always counted on Heavey to deliver their high quality pumps
on time and the relationship was so convenient that in fact CJI didn't even consider the pumps being
an issue when they signed their contract with Great Lakes. Unfortunately, since Heavey is a small
local company, CJI originally ignored that Heavey would have to expand their production
capabilities. It seems like a lot to ask and expect from Heavey, and since there is no formal contract
between them, it seems the most likely scenario is that CJI will either discontinue doing business
with Heavey, or form some kind of partnership with them. They cannot however, solely rely on
Heavey for pumps as they currently are, because it would almost guarantee them to fail their
obligations to Great Lakes.
Also, CJI likely does not receive much of a benefit (regarding cost savings) from Heavey utilizing
economies of scale because they are very small company that produces products in batches.
Additionally, while CJI has been able to rely on Heavey's expertise and product quality with regards
to producing pumps, contracting their pump manufacturing has been a short–term strategy so far and
with their increased production it will begin to cost

Great Impact Of The Great Lakes
The Great Impact of the Great Lakes
Glaciers are formed in places where there is adequate snowfall and cold temperatures; specifically,
the area needs to have temperatures that are less than 32* F and more snow than is able to melt in
the summer. Present–day, glaciers only form in high latitudes and high elevations. However, 14,000
years ago, during the Pleistocene Ice Age, Michigan was covered by a mile–and–half–mile deep
glacier. Over thousands of years, the temperatures alternated from warm to cool, causing the glaciers
to retreat and advance. As glaciers traveled this way, they took the path of least resistance. This
caused the glaciers to move south from modern–day Canada, along the riverbeds that existed where
the Great Lakes now ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In addition to the Great Lakes, the glacier also created kettle lakes in Michigan. These are lakes that
are formed by broken–off pieces of glaciers as they move. These pieces create indents in the land,
known as kettles (Glaciers: The Work of Ice). If these kettles are below the water level, a kettle lake
will form. Kettle lakes can usually be identified by their irregular, wavy edges and depths
(Schaetzl). One example of a kettle lake is Higgins Lake, a lake in Roscommon County, commonly
used for fishing and recreation, pictured here (MSU Hydrogeology). Because much of Michigan's
bedrock is sandstone, glacial erosion led to a large prevalence of sand in Michigan, creating
beaches, dunes, and wetlands. This abundance of sand has also impacted the shores. The glacial
deposits of sand throughout the state are transported by the westerly winds, moving from west to
east, creating dunes on the coast of Lake Michigan, but not Lake Huron. Dunes also exist somewhat
inland on the west coast of Michigan, while Lake Huron's sand is blown into the lake, creating a
sandy bottom (Ettema, 2010). One of the largest dunes on Michigan's east coast is the Sleeping bear
Dunes, pictured here (Sleeping Bear Dunes). In addition to the astounding features created by the
glaciers, their movement and disappearance also created an interesting interaction between the
lithosphere, asthenosphere, cryosphere, and hydrosphere. Isostasy is the interaction between the stiff
lithosphere and the

Essay on Canada´s Mixedwood Plains and Pollution
Canada is a very large country, with areas of land in various climate regions, and land regions, thus
having many ecozones that differentiate from another. The most populated ecozone in Canada is the
Mixedwood Plains; the ecozone we are located in, named after the mixedwood forests that are
native to the area. The Mixedwood Plains is one of the smallest of the Canadian ecozones, spanning
only 175 963 kilometres squared. The Mixedwood Plains is bordered by three of the great lakes on
the southern side of the ecozone, and comes up along the St Lawrence river to southern Quebec, and
fills the tip of Ontario. It has rolling plains and small rock formations and escarpments. The
Mixedwood Plains contains over half of the Canadian population as ... Show more content on
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More than 24 billion gallons of untreated sewage waste and storm water are pumped into the lakes
annually. Pollution is increasing as well, due to the cottage development, where people enjoy
spending their summers relaxing. For many years, the lake habitats have been affected by pollution
and habitat destruction. The market for fish is tremendous; so much so, that we have depleted our
fishing resources, and have had to market on invasive species.
As well as pollution, invasive species are damaging the lake ecosystems and food chains, made
fragile by pollution and overfishing. The introduction of a new species throws off the balance of
food chains. Some common invasive species include the sea lamprey, Asian carp, and zebra mussels,
among many others. Zebra mussels have dramatically influenced and affected stable food chains by
reducing the amount of zooplankton and phytoplankton. This presents a problem, as fish mostly feed
on the drifters, and so they go hungry and die, leaving no food for larger fish to prey on. In addition
to underwater disruption, it affects us as well, but only slightly. Plankton and algae especially are the
most productive aquatic producers of oxygen, and by the decreasing population, we lose oxygen as
well. The sea lamprey is also a problem, though it is not so influential to ecosystems as the zebra
mussel.
The Canadian and US governments are working together on solutions to treat pollution and habitat
destruction, as well as overfishing and

Coast Guard Regulations
On a beautiful sunny afternoon in the middle of July, a young man decides to take the Badger Ferry
to Wisconsin. He loads up a car and collects his family on what should be a splendid trip. Upon
arrival to the Badger the car drives into the stern parking compartment and from there the young
family heads up to the main deck. Soon enough the Badger gets underway and clears sight of land in
just a few hours. Suddenly, thick black fog covers the deck; the family disappears in the hazy
twilight, each of them gasping for air. Fortunately the fog disappears as quickly as it appeared and
the sunshine again shimmers on the deck. In just moments the passengers realize the fog comes
from the spewing smoke stack of the Badger. A sudden wind shift forced ... Show more content on
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One resolution to the fuel pollution issue uses the idea of reinvention to curb the damage that smoke
and fuel causes to the environment. A U.S. company, Sea Change LLC. paired with the Maine
Maritime Academy to create a more friendly fuel ("1"). The engineering classes at the academy
along with chemists created a fuel that burned cleaner and safer for the environment. The fuel used
mirco–glycerol droplets mixed with ultra–low sulfur diesel to reduce harmful emissions and as a
result found a reduction in smoke by 25 to 50 percent ("1"). In addition Nitrogen Oxide levels
showed a reduction by 5 to 15 percent compared to regular low–sulfur diesel at equivalent
horsepower ("1"). This hard work truly paid off big for these two entities and they showed that with
some ingenuity safer ways of burning fuel just wait to be

Hydraulic Fracturing In Michigan, The Great Lake State
Michigan, the Great Lake state. Michigan is quite unique among the states for it touches four of the
five great lakes, hence the nickname the great lakes state. Michigan has over 12,000 lakes, and more
shoreline than any other state besides Alaska. "you're never more than six miles from a lake"(),
making it easy to see why Michigan has a thriving recreational industry. Blue water, sandy shores
and towering sand dunes make this state truly special. Hydraulic Fracturing, or "Fracking" threatens
to take away what makes this state so special. Fracking provides short–term benefits and is a much
cleaner alternative to coal, but has negative long–term impacts. The First is that fracking uses huge
amounts of water. Every time a well is fracked, millions of gallons of water are removed from the
Great Lakes hydrological cycle forever. Secondly is the worry that potentially dangerous chemicals
used may escape and pollute the air and contaminate groundwater causing a number of
environmental and health hazards. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The pipelines are drilled down far into the earth and then span out horizontally. Huge quantities of
water combined with sand and chemicals created "fracking fluid", which is pumped down the
pipelines. Fracking enables us to reach natural gas that was not usable before. Natural gas is a better
alternative to coal, which does not burn as cleanly. However, harmful substances are contained in
the fracking fluid that is pumped into the pipes to crack the shale and release natural gas. Sadly
natural gas is not the only thing flowing back up the

The Ways Of Non Point Source Pollution During The Great Lakes
The way of Non–point source pollution in the Great Lakes
Atmospheric precipitation
Many contaminants settle out of the atmosphere, such as acid rain, the pollutants and nutrients will
transport from distant places by air depositing into the lake as the form of rain. The first pollutants
as atmospheric deposition on the Great Lakes were phosphorus. It is found that about 20 percent
phosphorus entering Lake Michigan comes from the atmosphere by determination of rain, snow and
dust. Since phosphorus pollution generated by this approach cannot be controlled, so it is more
urgent to reduce the phosphorus content of detergent, sewer and effluent fertilizers. People found
fish in a lake of Lake Superior in a remote island containing PCBs and toxaphene, and this place
isolated with no direct way to pollution. This determines the long–range transport of pollutants
through the atmosphere and settlement in the lake. In fact the processes of material transport through
atmospheric was very complex. For instance PCBs was insoluble in water, so as to re–enter the
atmosphere during evaporation or connected together into small particles. A lot of PCBs volatilize
from the lake, meanwhile, PCBs coming from various parts of the air mass experience the
sedimentation on the lake. Other than that the contaminated sediment is another way to cause
pollution of the lake. This is problems of the most urban industrial areas. Even if there is likely to
remove severely contaminated sediments in

The Major Problems with Pollutants on the Great Lakes
Project Proposal
Title
The Title of this essay is called "What is the Major Problems with Pollutants on the Great Lakes".
The essay explains that there is a problem going on in the Great Lakes with people who live around
the Great Lakes area in that what they are throwing into the lakes; whether it would be from trash or
fecal matter it is all causing major effects on the ecosystem on the Great Lakes, in turn effecting the
fish and water we consume. This is not only a major problem for the lakes but also the humans that
depend on those lakes.
Claim The Great Lakes have been under threat for the last two centuries, but the situation is the far
worse today. It use to be believed that dumping sewage or chemicals into rivers and lakes was a
great way to dilute and disperse it. As it turns out, it's not a good idea since those are the very rivers
and lakes that we get our drinking water from. In recent decades, a lot has been done to stop that
practice, but the sources and amount of pollution keeps skyrocketing each year. This pollution in the
lakes must be stop at once or else bad consequences will be appond us because of it
Research review
In the five website article that I have conducted They all have seemed to have a correlation between
each other. The way that all of these publishers do this is that they all say that we humans are the
ones that are causing all of the pollutants in the waters. Even though some of the pages may not
come out and directly

Lake Winnipeg: Second Largest Watershed In Canada
Description of Ecosystem Lake Winnipeg is the 2nd largest watershed in Canada and the 10th
largest lake in the world. It includes parts of four provinces and four of the American states, lying on
the boundary between the low relief Interior Plains and the Southwestern Canadian Shield. The
drainage basin is 1,000,000 km2. More than 7 million people call Lake Winnipeg home. It has the
last remains of the glacial Lake Agassiz. Red, Winnipeg, and Saskatchewan rivers all flow into Lake
Winnipeg which makes up 60% of the water flowing into the lake. The only river flowing out of the
lake is the Nelson River; the outflow is used for hydro–electricity power since 1976 making Lake
Winnipeg the third largest hydro reservoir in the world. Water moves ... Show more content on
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12.1 million into scientific research, 3.7 million in community stewardship programs, and 1.9
million in collaboration on watershed governance. Researchers took a strong science based method
to investigating the lake and looking at various aspects of it. The government also provided support
for community projects through the Lake Winnipeg basin stewardship fund. This fund is cleaning up
the lake by providing support to water projects led by surrounding communities, conservation
authorities, non–profit organizations, and academic institutions. An agreement was created between
the government of Manitoba and the province of Manitoba that ensures long–term involvement to
improve the quality of Lake Winnipeg. The province of Manitoba has invested over 100 million
dollars in efforts to improve the health of the

Asian Carp in the Great Lakes
There are unwanted visitors threatening to make their home in the Great Lakes. Originally coming
from Asia, the fish immigrated to the Mississippi River eventually making their way to the Great
Lakes. Let's take a look at the problem, the causes and effects, and the possible solutions of the
Asian Carp Invasion.
Bighead, Silver, Grass, and Black Carp, even though each its own distinct species, all fall under the
name "Asian Carp." They can weigh anywhere from 60 to 110 pounds, and range from 40 to 60
inches in length. Asian Carp are considered an "invasive species," an organism that is not native and
has negative effects on our economy, environment, or our health. Catfish farmers imported Asian
Carp long ago to consume algae in ponds. The carp slowly escaped and migrated to the Mississippi
River, then eventually to the Great Lakes. Why are Asian Carp such an issue? Although they are
mostly not direct predators, they eat up to one third of their body weight. Asian Carp to not eat other
fish, but they eat plankton leaving native fish lower on the food chain competing for food to survive.
Asian carp also reproduce rapidly and abundantly. A female Bighead Carp can carry up to one
million eggs in a lifetime. In result of such profuse reproduction, Asian Carp are overpopulating the
Great Lakes. Since, they are so outsized, they take up much space in the lakes. Asian Carp are also
among the largest populated species. If Asian Carp continue to establish themselves permanently in

Essay Asian Carp: Destroying the Great Lakes
Asian Carp should be prevented from entering the Great Lakes because they are destroying the
ecosystem in that area. They are a negative contribution to the lakes because they are eating all of
the plankton needed for the native fish to survive, which in turn will create a mass starvation among
all the fish in the area. The Asian Carp are also a hazard to boaters, as they are capable of jumping
out of the water and knocking into fishermen. They can take over an area quickly and never leave
because they have no predators, they come in massive swarms, and they breed fast. There are seven
types of Asian carp, but only two of these types, the bighead carp and the silver carp, are considered
a threat at the moment. The Great Lakes Fishery ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The waterways are connected from the Great Lakes to the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal, which
goes into the Des Plaines River and proceeds to the Mississippi River. The fish are able to travel all
the way through these areas. The CBC's broadcast on Asian carp stated that the Chicago Sanitary
and Ship Canal that joins Lake Michigan and the Mississippi River is the main focus where the fish
have entered the Great Lakes. The Asian carp can only hurt the Great Lakes ecosystem. Because
they eat the same food as the filter feeding fish in the food chain, competition is great. If the fish at
the bottom of the food chain do not have food, then they will die off. This means that the bigger fish
that eat the small fish that have died off will have no food, and so on. Therefore, there will be a mass
starvation and the ecosystem will be destroyed. The native fish, such as trout and walleye, would be
starved off. This will kill the fishing industry in the Great Lakes. The CBC broadcast also
mentioned, "[The invasion of the Asian carp] would unravel the aquatic food web and threaten the
region's $7 billion fishing industry, and on the Ontario side, a commercial fishery worth up to $215
million a year." With that much loss at risk, it is worth the money it is going to take to stop and
prevent the Asian carp from taking over the Great Lakes. Not only are these fish a threat to the

Ecological Problem Invasive Species

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