Slide deck with thoughts on Corruption in the Philippines. Slides are from an undergraduate course on Philippine Politics and Governance I taught between 2003-2005.
Note: The key bases for graft and corruption under the law are Article XI of the Constitution (on public accountability), the Penal Code, and Republic Act 3019 (the Anti-Graft and Corrupt Practices Act of 1960)
From Alatas, Corruption and the Destiny of Asia
Finland: 9.7 Bangladesh: 1.2 United States: 16 th , 7.7
Metastatic: Having spread to vital centers of government administration with powerful public influence.
Nuances: “Being one of the boys” Rationalizing the system of corruption Encouraging further corrupt behavior lest government services are not discharged the shift in perception from government service as a duty to something that one does subject to certain conditions Accepting bribes, etc. by subordinates and giving their superiors a portion of the cut