Software Development Life Cycle By Team Orange (Dept. of Pharmacy)
I C Engine
1. MEWAR UNIVERSITY
Presentation Topic: “COMBUSTION IN IC ENGINE
AND POROUS MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY FOR
LOWER EMISSION”.
Submitted by… Submitted to….
Rayees Bhat Mr. Sunil Kumar Katheria
B-Tech Mech.
3rd year
MUR1400118
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2. CONTENT
Introduction
Conventional Combustion Processes
Basic Differences
Necessary conditions for Future Engine
Homogeneous Combustion
New concept of mixture preparation for
homogeneous combustion in engines using PM
Technology
Combustion using PM Technology
Main Phases of MDI System using PM Technology
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3. INTRODUCTION
Internal Combustion engines are used in almost every
automobiles, motor cycle, ships, etc which are working
by burning fossil fuels like petrol, diesel etc.
First commercially successful IC engine was created by
E Lenoir around 1859 and the first modern IC engine
was created in 1876 by Nikolaus Otto.
As fossil fuels are non renewable resources , so one
day they will depleted.
Combustion of these fossil fuels add greenhouse and
other harmful gases to our environment.
Enormous efforts have been made on this field to
reduce the amount of specific fuel consumption and the
level of emission of an IC engine.
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4. Several futuristic concepts are there to reduce the
emission level. All these concepts are depend on how
efficient the combustion process is.
Homogenous charge compression ignition (HCCI) is one
such concept to achieve near-zero emission level in an
IC engine.
Porous material (PM) technology is used to achieve
homogenous combustion within the engine which
ultimately reduce the emission of an IC engine.
Conventional combustion processes.
Generally combustion process are divided into two types:
Spark Ignition
Compression Ignition
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5. BASIC DIFFERENCES ARE:
SI engine
Air-fuel mixtures enter into
the cylinder during suction
stroke.
Spark plug is used to
initiate the combustion
process.
Single flame front is
present.
AF mixture inside the
cylinder is highly
homogenous.
CI engine
Only air enter into the
cylinder during suction
stroke.
Depends upon the self
ignition process to start
combustion.
Multiple flame front is
present.
AF mixture inside the
cylinder is highly non
homogenous.
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6. NECESSARY CONDITIONS FOR FUTURE
ENGINE
Operation with a stoichiometric charge for high
power density (full load operational conditions).
Operation with a lean charge for low specific fuel
consumption (part load operational conditions).
The air-fuel mixture should be homogenous in
nature and the whole air-fuel mixture should be in
vapour state.
Realization of homogeneous combustion, for all
mixture compositions for the lowest combustion
emissions.
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7. HOMOGENOUS COMBUSTION
The process of homogeneous combustion can be defined
as a process in which a 3D-ignition (volumetric) of the
homogeneous (premixed) charge is followed by
simultaneous (no flame front) heat release in the whole
combustion chamber volume characterized by a
homogenous temperature field.
There are four basic arts of ignition that may be realized
in I.C. engine :
1. Local ignition (e.g. spark plug)
2. Compression ignition
3. Controlled-auto-ignition (chemical ignition)
4. 3D-thermal-PM-ignition (thermal ignition in a porous
medium volume). 7
9. NEW CONCEPT OF MIXTURE PREPARATION FOR
HOMOGENEOUS COMBUSTION IN ENGINES USING
POROUS MEDIUM TECHNOLOGY
Important features of a highly porous media are: large
specific surface area, high porosity, high heat capacity,
excellent heat transfer properties (especially heat
radiation), variability of structure, pore density and pore
geometry, high thermal and mechanical stability.
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11. COMBUSTION USING PM TECHNOLOGY
Fuel injection in PM-volume: especially unique
features of liquid jet distribution and
homogenization throughout the PM-volume (effect
of self homogenization) is very attractive for fast
mixture formation and its homogenization in the PM
volume.
Fuel vaporization in PM-volume: combination of
large heat capacity of the PM-material, large
specific surface area with excellent heat transfer in
PM volume make the liquid fuel vaporization very
fast and complete. Here two different conditions of
the process have to be considered: vaporization
with presence and without presence of combustion
air.
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12. Mixing and homogenization in PM-volume: Unique
features of the flow properties inside 3D-structures allow
very effective mixing and homogenization in PM-volume.
3D-thermal-PM-ignition (if PM temperature is at least
equal to ignition temperature under certain
thermodynamic properties and mixture composition):
There is a new kind of ignition, especially effective if the
PM-volume creates the combustion chamber volume.
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