This document describes a student project to design a battery management and protection system. It introduces the students working on the project and their supervisor. It then outlines the objectives of the project, which are to protect batteries, provide monitoring capabilities, and enable recharging. The document describes the components used, including batteries, sensors, displays and microcontrollers. It provides a block diagram of the system and explains the methodology, including using sensors to monitor the batteries and auto-switching between the batteries when one is low to keep the load powered.

1. Battery Management And Protection System
SUPERVISOR:
Ms. Raginee Sharma
RUNGTA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
Kohka-Kurud Road, Bhilai - 490024, Chhattisgarh
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Submitted by :
1 Arundhita 301302419015
2 Hanif Ali 301302419003
3 Sudhanshu Marskole 301302419011
4 Shobhit Sharma 301302419017

2. INTRODUCTION
• The aim of our project is to provide safety and monitoring to
the battery.
• To get the knowledge about current situation of the battery.
• In our BMS device we are specially working on auto
switching.
• Providing recharging facility to the battery.

3. OBJECTIVES
• Protection of the battery and device.
• Applicable for electric drives in which we use DC supply.
• Provide the facility of monitoring .
• Recharging the battery.

4.  Designing a new generalized
battery management system
Author -
Kostas Kalaitzakis
LiteratureReview
 Battery Management Systems
Challenges and Some Solutions
Author-
Department of Electrical and
Computer Engineering, University of
Windsor, 401 Sunset Ave.Windsor, ON
N9B3P4, Canada
Department of Electrical
 Battery management systems (BMSs) are used in many battery-operated
industrial and commercial systems to make the battery operation more
efficient and the estimation of battery state nondestructive. The existing
BMS techniques are examined in this paper and a new design methodology
for a generalized reliable BMS is proposed. The main advantage of the
proposed BMS compared to the existing systems is that it provides a fault-
tolerant capability and battery protection. The proposed BMS consists of a
number of smart battery modules (SBMs) each of which provides battery
equalization, monitoring, and battery protection to a string of battery cells.
An evaluation SBM was developed and tested in the laboratory and
experimental results verify the theoretical expectations.
 A battery management system consists of a battery fuel gauge, optimal
charging algorithm, and cell/thermal balancing circuitry. It uses three non-
invasive measurements from the battery, voltage, current and
temperature, in order to estimate crucial states and parameters of the
battery system, such as battery impedance, battery capacity, state of
charge, state of health, power fade, and remaining useful life. A battery
management system consists of a battery fuel gauge, optimal charging
algorithm, and cell/thermal balancing circuitry. It uses three non-invasive
measurements from the battery, voltage, current and temperature, in
order to estimate crucial states and parameters of the battery system,
such as battery impedance, battery capacity, state of charge, state of
health, power fade, and remaining useful life.

5.  Review of Battery Management
Systems (BMS) Development
and Industrial Standards
Author-
Hossam A. Gabbar , Ahmed M. Othman
and Muhammad R. Abdussami
 The evolving global landscape for electrical distribution and use created a
need area for energy storage systems (ESS), making them among the
fastest growing electrical power system products. A key element in any
energy storage system is the capability to monitor, control, and optimize
performance of an individual or multiple battery modules in an energy
storage system and the ability to control the disconnection of the
module(s) from the system in the event of abnormal conditions. This
management scheme is known as “battery management system (BMS)”,
which is one of the essential units in electrical equipment. BMS reacts
with external events, as well with as an internal event. It is used to
improve the battery performance with proper safety measures within a
system. Therefore, a safe BMS is the prerequisite for operating an
electrical system.
 BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE
APPLICATIONS
Author-
AYMAN S. ELWER , SAMY M. GHANIA ,
NAGAT M. K. A. GAWAD .
 Battery Management Systems (BMS) are used in many
industrial and commercial systems to make the battery
operation more efficient and for the estimation to keep the
battery state, as long as possible, away from destructive state,
to increase battery life time. It Evaluates and displays ,
charging/discharging current and State Of Charge (SOC) for
the considered model battery. For monitoring purpose,
digital and analog sensors with microcontrollers are used.
The battery information and the obtained results explaining
the main characteristics of the system are presented by
photographs and some experimental results are given by the
LCD screen.

6. Components
• Lithium Ion Battery
• Relay

7. • LM35 (Temperature sensor)
• Voltage Divider Circuit
• ACS715 (Current Sensor)

8. • 1602 Parallel LCD Display
• ATMEGA328(UI)

9. Block Diagram
ATMEGA 328
LM35
VOLTAGE
DIVIDER
ACS 712
AUTO
SWITCHING
SYSTEM
LCD

10. Methodology
• This arrangement is consist of four relays, two batteries, one Load and one
charging unit.
• ATMEGA328 is the main processing unit of our BMS.
• LM35, Voltage divider circuit, ACS712, LCD, Relays are connected to
ATMEGA328.
• Here, LM35, Voltage divider circuit, ACS712 work as input and LCD, Relays
work as output for the ATMEGA328.
• Auto switching is done with the help of relay.
• Program the processor to work as Auto switching.

11. Auto-Switching
• Arrangement is of four Relays combination.
• All the Relays are interconnected with each other and
one point of the relays are short circuited to the
ground.
RELAY1 RELAY2 RELAY3 RELAY4
Stage 2
Stage 1

12. Auto-Switching
• It will consists of two batteries B1 and B2.
• Relay R1, R2 and R3, R4 are connected to B1 and B2 respectively.
• Connection is like both relays combination of (R1,R2) and (R3,R4) both are connected to
the load.
• When one battery gets discharge other will activate with the help of relays arrangement.

13. Conclusion

14. Reference
• https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=battery
+management+system+for+electric+vehicle&oq=battery+mana#d=gs_
qabs&t=1666288776552&u=%23p%3DpK_f_83gqzYJ
• https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=battery
+management+system+for+electric+vehicle&oq=battery+mana#d=gs_
qabs&t=1666288901504&u=%23p%3DaOHqedjqo4EJ
• https://www.synopsys.com/glossary/what-is-a-battery-management-
system.html
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341874434_Battery_Mana
gement_System_in_Electric_Vehicles

15. Reference
• https://www.slideshare.net/BhagavathyP/battery-management-
system-bms-in-electric-vehicles-249736046
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341873093_Battery_Mana
gement_Systems-Challenges_and_Some_Solutions
• https://scholar.google.co.in/scholar_url?url=https://www.academia.ed
u/download/77776464/Designing_a_New_Generalized_Battery_Mana
20211231-7960-t8d0o4.pdf&hl=en&sa=X&ei=jThNY-
2ZDYWOygT4u564DQ&scisig=AAGBfm0iLZI6QHF0r31IHmocHNUkAE_S
ZA&oi=scholarr

16. THANKING
YOU