Education

1. Div. - B.E. “A”
A
Seminar
On
“Battery Management System for Electric Vehicle
Passive Cell Balancing On Lithium Ion Polymer
Battery”
Presented By:
Mr. Ghule Anand Babasaheb
(Exam Seat No. B190090836)
Mr. Korde Sagar Bharat
(Exam Seat No. B190090860)
Mr. Ghume Dinesh Vilas
(Exam Seat No. B190090837)
Mr. Kothule Aniket Appasaheb
(Exam Seat No. B190090862)
Under the Guidance of
Prof. M. M. Bidwe Sir
Department Of Mechanical Engineering
Dr. Vithalrao Vikhe Patil College of Engineering,
Ahmednagar.
[ 2022 – 23 ]

2. • Automotive industry is moving forward for green technology which is Electric Vehicles.
• . Lithium Ion Polymer battery offers better performance compare to other types of the battery in the
market.
• The purpose of this work is to adopt a passive cell balancing during the charging of Lithium Ion
Polymer battery.
• Having a proper monitoring and balanced cell, it can prolong and maintain the performance of the
battery.
• The work on battery testing was done to calculate the State of Charge and verified using Orion
Battery Management System data.
Abstract

3. • Consumers are aware on this green technology to save the environment.
• Automotive manufacturers are moving forward in enhancing this technology as a reliable product in the
market.
• Lithium Ion Polymer battery is being introduced on the market because it produces equivalent energy as
the NiMH for longer period and half of the weight.
• Lithium Ion Polymer battery characteristic needs to be monitor because of it is sensitive to overvoltage
and under voltage where it can shorten the life cycle.
• The imbalanced of the cells while charging need to be monitored to observe the cells.
Introduction

4. • A battery management system (BMS) is a system control unit that is modelled to confirm the
operational safety of the system battery pack.
• The primary operation of a BMS is to safeguard the battery. Due to safety reasons, cell balancing, and
aging issues, supervision of each cell is indispensable.
• Electric vehicles are equipped by a large number of battery cells which require a effective battery
management system (BMS) while they are providing necessary power.
• Battery management system (BMS) makes decisions based on the battery charging and discharging
rates, state of charge estimation, state of health estimation, cell voltage, temperature, current etc.
Introduction

5. Aim and Objectives
• Monitoring the battery
• Providing battery protection
• To measure State of Charge for Lithium Ion Polymer battery.
• To validate State of Charge measurement using Orion BMS.
• To build a prototype of passive cell balancing using microcontroller.
• To investigate the effectiveness of passive cell balancing.

6. Literature Review

7. Paperno. Nameofpaper NameofAuthor Conclusion
1 DESIGN OF BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Harsh
Shah ,
Sahil
Mangao
nkar ,
Siddhan
t Bhatt
This is an important parameter
which effects SOC estimation in a
dynamic condition like an Electric
Vehicle. Additionally, the same
discharge circuit can be further
modified into a charger circuit by
using a half- bridge configuration.
The high-side transistor would be
operational while charging and the
low-side transistor while
discharging.
2 BATTERY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLE
APPLICATIONS
AYMAN S.
ELWER
SAMY M.
GHANIA
NAGAT M. K.
A. GAWAD
A simulated model for the
applied battery using Matlab
Software, is achieved to
determine the SOC which is
the major function of Battery
Management System and the
model gives a good result
during both charging and
discharging cycles.
3 Battery Management System in Electric
Vehicle
Ananthraj C.
R.
Arnab
Ghosh
Removal of charge from
the most charged cells,
which gives headroom
for additional charging
current to prevent

8. Methodology
• In this project, the control unit receives the signal from the key switch.
• The key switch is ‘ON’ at the time of vehicle start condition.
• The first time clutch is applied so that the motor is rotating in forward direction
for 2 sec to release the brake (Already wheel is on braking condition).
• The key switch is ‘OFF’ the motor is rotating in reverse direction for 2 sec to
applying the brake.

9. Important Components
CAPACITOR–
• Capacitors are simple passive device that can store an electrical charge on their plates
when connected to a voltage source
• The capacitor is a component which has the ability or “capacity” to store energy in the
form of an electrical charge producing a potential difference (Static Voltage) across its
plates, much like a small rechargeable battery.

10. Transistor (BC547)-
• The BC547 transistor is an NPN transistor. A transistor is nothing but the transfer of resistance
which is used for amplifying the current.
• A small current of the base terminal of this transistor will control the large current of emitter and
base terminals.
• This transistor works in a fixed DC voltage in the preferred region of its characteristics which is
called the biasing.

11. L 293D Motor Driver-
• The LM317 is an adjustable 3−terminal positive voltage regulator
capable of supplying in excess of 1.5 A over an output voltage
range of 1.2 V to 37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally
easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the
output voltage
• The LM317 serves a wide variety of applications including local,
on card regulation.
• This device can also be used to make programmable output
regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor.

12. • A BMS enhances the life span of the battery cells in Evs
• This is an effective system to measure and control the cell’s voltage.
• It provides stability and reliability.
• It ensures the safety of the battery pack, especially large format lithium-ion batteries
• It optimizes the performance of the electric car battery.
• It gives an indication of how long the battery’s charge will last before it needs recharging.
Advantages

13. • That the manual calculation of SOC was acceptable with slight error compare with the SOC
measured using Orion BMS.
• SOC plays an important element in cell balancing. Accuracy on measuring the SOC affects the
performance of the LiPo battery.
• It is every important that the BMS should be well maintained with battery reliability and safety.
Our present project focuses on the study of BMS and optimizes the power performances of
electric vehicles.
Conclusion

14. • Abusaleh M. Imtiaz, Faisal H. Khan and Haresh Kamath, “A Low-Cost Time Shared
Cell Balancing Technique for Future Lithium-Ion Battery Storage System Featuring
Regenerative Energy Distribution,” IEEE 26th Annual Applied Power Electronics
Conference and Exposition (APEC), pp. 792-799, 2011.
• D. Bell, “A battery management system,” Master’s thesis, School Eng., Univ.
Queensland, St. Lucia, Australia, 2000
• H.J. Bergveld, Battery Management Systems Design by Modeling, 2001, ISBN
9074445-51-9.
• H. S. Park, C. E. Kim, G. W. Moon, J. H. Lee, and J. K. Oh, “Two stage cell balancing
scheme for hybrid electric vehicle Lithium-ion battery strings,” in Proc. 38th IEEE
Power Electron. Spec. Conf.,Orlando, FL, Jun. 2007, pp. 273–279.
References