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Active & Passive form
Two types of sentences:
• Active
• Passive
Difference between Active form and Passive form
Active Form
Active Form
In active sentences, doer who/which does action is
subject and the thing receiving the action is object.
Doer(Subject) + verb + thing receiving action(Object)
Passive Form
In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action
is the subject. We use passive sentences when we
think that thing receiving action is more important
than doer or when we just want to emphasis
action rather than doer.
Thing receiving action (Subject) + To be form +
past participle of verb + by + doer
Examples:
Manish cleans house.
Doer (who is doing action) verb object receiving action
I teach my students
Doer (who is doing action) verb object receiving action
Examples:
House is cleaned by Manish.
object receiving action +is+ verb + by+ Doer (who is doing
action)
My students are taught by me.
object receiving action + are + verb + Doer (who is doing
action)
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2. Active Passive
Simple Present Rohit cleans the house.
I wash cloths.
The house is cleaned by Rohit.
Cloths are washed by me.
Present
Continuous
My mother is cooking food in kitchen.
They are ploughing fields.
Food is being cooked in kitchen by my
mother.
Fields are being ploughed by them.
Simple Past Raj repaired the car. The car was repaired by Raj.
Past Continuous Ram was teaching Shyam when the thief
came into the house.
Shyam was being taught by Ram when the
thief came into the house.
Present Perfect Many people have built houses. Houses have been built by many people.
Present Perfect
Continuous
Recently, Reema has been doing the
work.
Recently, the work has been being done by
Reema.
Past Perfect Tailor had stitched many clothes before
he stitched queen’s clothes
Many clothes had been stitched by tailor
before he stitched queen’s clothes.
Past Perfect
Continuous
Rita had been cooking food for ten years
before she joined Taj.
Food had been being cooked by Rita for two
years before she joined Taj.
Simple Future
WILL
Someone will finish the work by 10:00
PM.
The work will be finished by 10:00 PM.
Simple Future
BE GOING TO
Riya is going to make a beautiful
artificial flower tonight.
A beautiful artificial flower is going to be
made by Riya tonight.
Future
Continuous
WILL
At 7:00 PM tonight, Mohit will be
watching a movie.
At 7:00 PM tonight, a movie will be being
watched by Mohit.
Future Perfect
WILL
They will have completed the project
before the deadline.
The project will have been
completed before the deadline.
Future Perfect
Continuous
WILL
The director will have been making the
movie for over seven months by the time
it is finished.
The movie will have been being made by
the director for over seven months by the
time it is finished.

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Used to Ankita used to pay the rent. The rent used to be paid by Ankita.
Would Always My brother would always
make drawings.
Drawings would always be made by my
brother.
Future in the
Past
WOULD
I knew Meenu would win the prize I knew the prize would be won by Meenu.
Future in the
Past
WAS GOING TO
I thought Sneha was going to make a
beautiful dinner tonight.
I thought a beautiful dinner was going to be
made by Sneha tonight.
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