1. 00002-E-1 – 1 December 2000
HIV / AIDS IN KENYA
IMPACT OF THE EPIDEMIC
DR. MOHAMED S. ABDULLAH
CHAIRMAN
NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL COUNCIL

2. 00002-E-2 – 1 December 2000
Children (<15 years) estimated to be livingChildren (<15 years) estimated to be living
with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000
Western Europe
4 1004 100
North Africa
& Middle East
16 00016 000
Sub-Saharan
Africa
1.5 million1.5 million
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
15 00015 000 East Asia & Pacific
7 2007 200South
& South-East Asia
210 000210 000
Australia
& New Zealand
< 200< 200
North America
11 00011 000
Caribbean
11 00011 000
Latin America
30 00030 000
Total: 2.0 millionTotal: 2.0 million

3. 00002-E-3 – 1 December 2000
Estimated adult and child deathsEstimated adult and child deaths
from HIV/AIDS during 2000from HIV/AIDS during 2000
Western Europe
7 0007 000
North Africa
& Middle East
24 00024 000
Sub-Saharan
Africa
3.0 million3.0 million
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
14 00014 000 East Asia & Pacific
25 00025 000South
& South-East Asia
470 000470 000
Australia
& New Zealand
< 500< 500
North America
20 00020 000
Caribbean
32 00032 000
Latin America
50 00050 000
Total: 3.6 millionTotal: 3.6 million

4. 00002-E-4 – 1 December 2000
Adults and children estimated to be livingAdults and children estimated to be living
with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000with HIV/AIDS as of end 2000
Western Europe
540 000540 000
North Africa
& Middle East
400 000400 000
Sub-Saharan
Africa
28.3 million28.3 million
Eastern Europe
& Central Asia
700 000700 000
South
& South-East Asia
5.8 million5.8 million
Australia
& New Zealand
15 00015 000
North America
920 000920 000
Caribbean
390 000390 000
Latin America
1.4 million1.4 million
Total: 40.1 millionTotal: 40.1 million
East Asia & Pacific
640 000640 000

5. 00002-E-5 – 1 December 2000
Estimated deaths in childrenEstimated deaths in children (<15 years)(<15 years)
from HIV/AIDS during 2000from HIV/AIDS during 2000
Western Europe
< 100< 100
North Africa
& Middle East
7 1007 100
Sub-Saharan
Africa
500 000500 000
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
< 500< 500 East Asia & Pacific
1 0001 000South
& South-East Asia
40 00040 000
Australia
& New Zealand
< 100< 100
North America
< 100< 100
Caribbean
3 1003 100
Latin America
3 0003 000
Total: 600 000Total: 600 000

6. 00002-E-6 – 1 December 2000
Estimated number of adults and childrenEstimated number of adults and children
newly infected with HIV during 2000newly infected with HIV during 2000
Western Europe
30 00030 000
North Africa
& Middle East
80 00080 000
Sub-Saharan
Africa
4.2 million4.2 million
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
250 000250 000East Asia & Pacific
130 000130 000South
& South-East Asia
780 000780 000
Australia
& New Zealand
500500
North America
45 00045 000
Caribbean
60 00060 000
Latin America
150 000150 000
Total: 6.0 millionTotal: 6.0 million

7. 00002-E-7 – 1 December 2000
Estimated number of childrenEstimated number of children (<15 years)(<15 years)
newly infected with HIV during 2000newly infected with HIV during 2000
Western Europe
< 500< 500
North Africa
& Middle East
11 00011 000
Sub-Saharan
Africa
620 000620 000
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
600600 East Asia & Pacific
2 6002 600South
& South-East Asia
65 00065 000
Australia
& New Zealand
< 100< 100
North America
< 500< 500
Caribbean
4 2004 200
Latin America
7 3007 300
Total: 800 000Total: 800 000

8. 00002-E-8 – 1 December 2000
Cumulative number of children estimated to haveCumulative number of children estimated to have
been orphaned by AIDS* at age 14 or youngerbeen orphaned by AIDS* at age 14 or younger
at the end of 1999at the end of 1999
Western Europe
9 0009 000
North Africa
& Middle East
15 00015 000
Sub-Saharan
Africa
13.1 million13.1 million
Eastern Europe &
Central Asia
500500 East Asia & Pacific
5 6005 600South
& South-East Asia
850 000850 000
Australia
& New Zealand
< 500< 500
North America
70 00070 000
Caribbean
85 00085 000
Latin America
110 000110 000
Total: 15.2 millionTotal: 15.2 million
* HIV-negative children who have lost their mother or both parents to AIDS before the age of 15 years

9. 00002-E-9 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Demographic Impact
Highest sero-prevalence in women is between 25-29 years
Highest sero-prevalence in men is between 30-39 years
Women five times more infected than men (15-19 years age group)
More than one million orphans generated by epidemic
More than 2.2 million Kenyans infected at present

10. 00002-E-10 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Demographic Impact
Life expectancy: 52 years from 64 years
Infant mortality rate: 74 from 53
Child mortality rate: 113 from 92
Maternal mortality: 650 from 240

11. 00002-E-11 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Impact in Education
Skilled and experienced teachers are dying
Significant others are alive but incapacitated
Newly trained teachers are reduced by illness and death.
Production has either stagnated or even reduced
Teaching, research production, national develop planning affected
Leadership in implementation of strategies affected

12. 00002-E-12 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Impact in Education
Large numbers of children are kept out of school because:
• they are needed to help at home,
• they have to care for sick family members
• they have to work to increase the family income.
• families cannot afford school fees

13. 00002-E-13 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Impact on Children
Increased proportion of vulnerable children
Increased incidence of child labour.
House holds are headed by children
No support from the state or family around them.
Rising rates of child sexual abuse

14. 00002-E-14 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Impact in Agriculture
Agriculture is the primary economic sector of Kenya
Engages about 74% of the labour force
Accounts for 24.5% per cent of gross domestic product.
Main production of food either for themselves or for the country
A threat to the country’s food security
Fertile lands of families remain idle shortage of agricultural labour
Loss of skills and experience in large & small scale farming

15. 00002-E-15 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Impact in Health
Increases number of people seeking health services
it increases demand on health care providers
Increases demand on health facilities
increases need for human resource production
it increases the overall cost of health care in the country.

16. 00002-E-16 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
The Dilema
treating AIDS versus preventing HIV infection
treating AIDS versus treating other illnesses
spending on health versus spending on other demanding public services
skilled health personnel have died, Replacing them Vs Other cadre
Many are rendered incapable of further service, but need the income
direct cost of treating a new AIDS patient at Kshs.45,680,
indirect costs amount to Kshs 638,560
access to and quality of health care have worsened

17. 00002-E-17 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Industrial Sector
Industrial Sector accounts for 13.3% of GDP
Frequency of absenteeism increased
Expenditures on illness and death have increased
52 per cent of total costs are HIV/AIDS-related costs.

18. 00002-E-18 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Industrial Sector
loss of skilled manpower,
demand for manufactured products has reduced
industrial sector economically vulnerable.
per capita expenditure on health is $ 9 per year.
Cost per employee is $ 30 per year.
informal sector 47.4% of the GDP also affected

19. 00002-E-19 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Social Impact
survivors are dependants left without economic support
epidemic has overwhelmed traditional systems of adoption
OVC without a steady resource base.
early teens heading households,
Children & Women are on the streets
increased crime rates
Increased psychologic and spiritual needs.
traumatic effects of bereavement

20. 00002-E-20 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Presidents Statement:
“AIDS is not just a serious threat to our social and economic
development, it is a real threat to our very existence… AIDS
has reduced many families to the status of beggars… no
family in Kenya remains untouched by the suffering and
death caused by AIDS… the real solution of the spread of
AIDS lies with each and everyone of us”

21. 00002-E-21 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Government Accelerated Intervention:
- Declaration of AIDS as a national disaster
- Formation of the National AIDS Control Council
- Formulation of the National Strategic Plan
- Formation of a comprehensive Institutional Framework
- Formulation of Legal Framework and Policy Guidelines
- Allocation of Dedicated Resources for HIV/AIDS
- Enhancement of Political Commitment

22. 00002-E-22 – 1 December 2000
IMPACT OF AIDS IN KENYA
Priority Interventions
Advocacy for Prevention
Treatment, Continuum of Care and Support
Mitigation of Socio-Economic Impacts
Monitoring, Evaluation and Research
Effective Management and Coordination of the National
Response