water carriage system

1. Subject: Water Supply and Sanitary
engineering(3350603).
Topic: “WATER CARRIAGE SYSTEM”
Prepared by: Bhavesh Hathila
Government Polytechnic, Dahod

2. Index
1. Water carriage system.
2. Merits of Water carriage system.
3. Demerits of Water carriage system.

3. Water carriage system

4. In this system, the collection, conveyance and
disposal of various types of water are carried out with
the help of eater. Thus, water is used as medium to
convey the waste from its point of production to the
point of its treatment of final disposal.
The sewage so formed in water carriage system
consists of 99.9% of water and the remaining 0.1% of
solid matters. All these solids remains in suspension in
the sewage and do not change the specific gravity of
water, therefore all type hydraulic formulae can be
directly used in the designing of sewerage systems and
the treatment plants.

5. In this system, human excreta is flushed
away and led to suitable designed and maintained
sewers. The wastes from kitchen, bathrooms, wash
rooms etc. are also led to the sewers. The sewers lead
the sewage so collected to a suitable site where it is
treated suitably and them is disposed off by irrigation
or by dilution. It should be noted that the garbage is
collected separately and conveyed in the same manner
as is done in the case of conservancy system.

6. i. The system is very hygienic since night soil and other
waste water is conveyed through closed conduits.
ii. There is no nuisance in the streets of the towns due to
offensive matters, because all the sewage goes in closed
sewers under the ground.
iii. There are no chances of outbreak of epidenic because
flies do not have direct access to the sewage.
iv. Buildings can be designed compact as one unit.
v. The land required for the disposal of treatment waste
water is less as compared with conservancy system.
vi. The labour required for the operation and maintenance is
extremely small. in fact, the functioning of the system is
practically automatic.
Merits

7. vii. As only one sewer is laid, therefore it occupies
less space in crowded lane.
viii. The system permits the use of modern methods
of treatment of the sewage collected through sewers.
The treated waste water and sewage can be safely
disposed off without any risk.

8. i. Initial cost is very high.
ii. The maintenance cost is also high.
iii. During monsoon large volume of sewage is to be treated
whereas very small volume is to be treated in the remaining
period of the year.
Demerits