A Short & brief description of Manholes.

1. By,
Mayank Agrawal
Roll No. 01UG15010024

2. Chambers
Type of Chambers
Manholes
Types of Manholes
Manhole Construction
Some Parts of Manhole

3. CHAMBERS :
The Chamber is a very
important element of a
non pressurized
sewage system. It
allows access to the
system for maintenance,
cleaning or measuring
the pipelines.

4. TYPES OF CHAMBERS :
• Intended to provide simple
access for inspection and
access for drain rods or
other maintenance
equipment.
• They are not intended to
provide access for a
maintenance operator.
• Generally not more than
600mm deep.
Access Chambers

5. TYPES OF CHAMBERS :
Inspection Chambers
• Larger than Access
chambers.
• Minimum 450mm diameter.
• They provide access for
maintenance equipment.
• Tend to have more
branches/spurs feeding into
them and are often up to
1000mm deep.

6. TYPES OF CHAMBERS :
Manholes
• Manholes are the largest chambers providing access to a
sewer or drain.
• Allows operatives to enter the system itself for making
connections or performing maintenance and other
services including sewers, telephone, electricity, storm
drains and gas.
• Minimum 600mm dimension.

7. MANHOLES
Square Manhole

8. MANHOLES
Circular Manhole

9. TYPES OF MANHOLES
Shallow Manholes:
• Depth- 0.7 to 0.9 m
• Constructed at the
start of the branch
sewer or at a place not
subjected to heavy
traffic conditions.
• These are provided
with light cover at top.
Normal Manholes:
• Depth- 1.5 m deep
• Dimensions 1.0 m x
1.0 m square or1.2 m
x 0.9 m rectangle
• These are provided
with heavy cover at its
top to support the
anticipated traffic
load.
Deep Manholes:
• Depth >1.5 m.
• Steps are provided in
such manholes
• These are provided
with heavy cover at
its top to support the
traffic load.

10. MANHOLE CONSTRUCTION
The most common forms of manhole construction are.
• Brick-built • Sectional pre-cast Concrete

11. MANHOLE CONSTRUCTION
• Sectional plastic • Cast in-situ concrete

12. MANHOLE CONSTRUCTION
Cross-Section of a Manhole

13. MANHOLE CONSTRUCTION
Plan of a Manhole

14. SOME PARTS OF MANHOLE
• The step-irons should be
built into the brickwork,
or mortared into the pre
formed holes in concrete
sections.
• Allows movement of
person in and out.
 In-built Steps:

15. • Cover slabs are the 'lid' for
Manholes.
• Reduce the opening size or
the chamber dimensions.
• Provide a firm platform to
carry the cover
SOME PARTS OF MANHOLE
 Cover Slabs:

16. SOME PARTS OF MANHOLE
 Manhole Covers:
• Covers for manholes come
in a wide variety of shapes,
sizes and materials.
• Materials like Ductile and
Cast Iron, some new high
strength composite
materials, precast concrete
etc are used,