The Economics of Social
Media

Ben Rubenstein
About me
 Senior Manager, Social Media & Online Community at TechTarget
 Past:

 Not a guru, ninja or sage (or an economist)
Overview
The (current) business of social media
Existing business models
Expectations for the market

Social media as a tool for other businesses
How companies are using social media to build business
Challenges for businesses and users

New business models
Sharing/collaborative consumption examples
The future?
Web 2.0 = social media?
Wide reach
Data-driven
User-centric
Perpetual beta
Multiple devices
How ‘the long tail’ applies to social
Wide range of content available
Participation is spread out along a scale
Niche communities are just as important as the mainstream
Targeted recommendations (human or machine) drive action
The (almost) current landscape
Social media: A good investment?
Social Media: Hype or Hope?
Highs and Lows
• 2010: Rejects
Google’s $6
billion offer
• 2012: $5.8
billion
valuation
• 2013: $7.3
billion
valuation
Highs and Lows
• 2013: Rejects
Facebook’s $3
billion offer
• 2014:
Snapchat
hacked
• 2015: ???
Business models (not mutually exclusive)
Advertising
Virtual Goods
Freemium
Subscription
Advertising
Leveraging the Long Tail
Native or not
Virtual goods
Real money buys fake things within the free experience
Freemium
Base product is free, extra features (or fewer ads) will cost

you
Subscription (Premium)
You have to pay to play
Freemium vs. Premium
How do Facebook/Twitter make money?

 What model(s) does Facebook use? What about Twitter?
 What opportunities are there to expand? What are the risks?
The ‘real’ product

“If you’re not paying for the
product, you are the product”
– Anonymous internet pundit
A social network’s real value = Number of users?
Why am I seeing these ads?
Why am I seeing these ads?
“Facebook has
collected the most
You are being watched
extensive data set
Data mining based on your profile + posts
ever assembled on
Retargeting from sites you’ve visited
human social
Buying a coat? Buying a car? Facebook knows behavior.”

all
You make yourself a target
You make yourself a target
Your friends make you a target

For Advertisers
The power of the social graph
Take a break
Visit your favorite social network:
What ads do you see?
What are they for?
How did they get there?
The “thank you” economy
Who participates in this new economy?
Businesses – you don’t exist if

you’re not on social media
(Content) Marketers – every brand
is now a publisher
Customer Service – problem
solving
Data Analysis
Customers – what makes it all work
Every network is a new opportunity for…
Marketing
Every network is a new opportunity for…
Sales
Every network is a new opportunity for…
Entrepreneurship (and
Self-Promotion)
Every network is a new opportunity for…
Customer Service
Cut out call centers
Create a ‘human’ face for the brand
Every network is a new opportunity for…
Data Mining
Understand what people care about
 Build new business from that data
Every network is a new opportunity for…
Data Mining
Every network is a new opportunity for…
#Fail
Every network is a new opportunity for …
So Much #Fail
Every network is a new opportunity for…
Scamming
Every network is a new opportunity for…
Scamming
Brands have both more and less control

 Owned vs. earned vs. paid media

Owned: Created/controlled by business
Earned: Shared by press and public
Paid: Sponsored content/advertising

“If [Facebook’s] News
Feed is the thing that
everyone sees and it
controls how
information is
disseminated, it’s
controlling how
information is revealed
to society, and it’s
something we need to
pay very close
attention to.”
Can businesses and users coexist?
Business
objectives

Pressure to make money = more advertising
If users leave, no more business opportunity

User
experience
Your turn
Find a brand you like on social media.
What marketing efforts do you see? What’s their persona?
Are they successful? How can you tell?
Why would you follow them? Deals, customer service,

humorous content?
Social creates new business models

How does social media support the “collaborative consumption”

economy?
What new opportunities and challenges does this economy create?
What are some examples of participants in this new economy?
Peer-to-peer sharing
Microtasks
Social deals
Location-based deals
Crowdfunding/Crowdlending
????
What social business opportunities have yet to be realized?
Recap
Lots of hype, but some hope for social media businesses
Social supports existing business models – with good

execution
Social creates new business opportunities
With every opportunity, there is a tradeoff
Thank you
http://www.benrubenstein.net
linkedin.com/benrubenstein
@ben_rubenstein

The Economics of Social Media

  • 1.
    The Economics ofSocial Media Ben Rubenstein
  • 2.
    About me  SeniorManager, Social Media & Online Community at TechTarget  Past:  Not a guru, ninja or sage (or an economist)
  • 3.
    Overview The (current) businessof social media Existing business models Expectations for the market Social media as a tool for other businesses How companies are using social media to build business Challenges for businesses and users New business models Sharing/collaborative consumption examples The future?
  • 4.
    Web 2.0 =social media? Wide reach Data-driven User-centric Perpetual beta Multiple devices
  • 5.
    How ‘the longtail’ applies to social Wide range of content available Participation is spread out along a scale Niche communities are just as important as the mainstream Targeted recommendations (human or machine) drive action
  • 6.
  • 7.
    Social media: Agood investment?
  • 8.
  • 9.
    Highs and Lows •2010: Rejects Google’s $6 billion offer • 2012: $5.8 billion valuation • 2013: $7.3 billion valuation
  • 10.
    Highs and Lows •2013: Rejects Facebook’s $3 billion offer • 2014: Snapchat hacked • 2015: ???
  • 11.
    Business models (notmutually exclusive) Advertising Virtual Goods Freemium Subscription
  • 12.
  • 13.
    Virtual goods Real moneybuys fake things within the free experience
  • 14.
    Freemium Base product isfree, extra features (or fewer ads) will cost you
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
    How do Facebook/Twittermake money?  What model(s) does Facebook use? What about Twitter?  What opportunities are there to expand? What are the risks?
  • 18.
    The ‘real’ product “Ifyou’re not paying for the product, you are the product” – Anonymous internet pundit A social network’s real value = Number of users?
  • 19.
    Why am Iseeing these ads?
  • 20.
    Why am Iseeing these ads? “Facebook has collected the most You are being watched extensive data set Data mining based on your profile + posts ever assembled on Retargeting from sites you’ve visited human social Buying a coat? Buying a car? Facebook knows behavior.” all
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
    Your friends makeyou a target For Advertisers
  • 24.
    The power ofthe social graph
  • 25.
    Take a break Visityour favorite social network: What ads do you see? What are they for? How did they get there?
  • 26.
  • 27.
    Who participates inthis new economy? Businesses – you don’t exist if you’re not on social media (Content) Marketers – every brand is now a publisher Customer Service – problem solving Data Analysis Customers – what makes it all work
  • 28.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… Marketing
  • 29.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… Sales
  • 30.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… Entrepreneurship (and Self-Promotion)
  • 31.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… Customer Service Cut out call centers Create a ‘human’ face for the brand
  • 32.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… Data Mining Understand what people care about  Build new business from that data
  • 33.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… Data Mining
  • 34.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… #Fail
  • 35.
    Every network isa new opportunity for … So Much #Fail
  • 36.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… Scamming
  • 37.
    Every network isa new opportunity for… Scamming
  • 38.
    Brands have bothmore and less control  Owned vs. earned vs. paid media Owned: Created/controlled by business Earned: Shared by press and public Paid: Sponsored content/advertising “If [Facebook’s] News Feed is the thing that everyone sees and it controls how information is disseminated, it’s controlling how information is revealed to society, and it’s something we need to pay very close attention to.”
  • 39.
    Can businesses andusers coexist? Business objectives Pressure to make money = more advertising If users leave, no more business opportunity User experience
  • 40.
    Your turn Find abrand you like on social media. What marketing efforts do you see? What’s their persona? Are they successful? How can you tell? Why would you follow them? Deals, customer service, humorous content?
  • 41.
    Social creates newbusiness models How does social media support the “collaborative consumption” economy? What new opportunities and challenges does this economy create? What are some examples of participants in this new economy?
  • 42.
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
  • 46.
  • 47.
    ???? What social businessopportunities have yet to be realized?
  • 48.
    Recap Lots of hype,but some hope for social media businesses Social supports existing business models – with good execution Social creates new business opportunities With every opportunity, there is a tradeoff
  • 49.

Editor's Notes

  • #7 We’ll focus on the big boys for this discussion, but be thinking about the smaller upstarts, too I say this is (almost) current because probably minutes after this was created, some new social network launched This is more evidence of the ‘long tail’ –social media creating and supporting niche communities who previously would not have had an outlet; those are markets (truly an age of abundance)
  • #8 Quick reactions to this video? Would you invest in social?
  • #14 Farmville Facebook Gifts Have you ever bought something in a game?
  • #23 Does this bring up privacy concerns? Facebook Ads – Can get very specific, target any niche Pricing changes depending on targeting (the long tail)
  • #32 Some companies do a great job of responding to customers via social media – this looks good for them and can also save them some money if they do it right Ever interacted with a company via social?
  • #36 Breaking norms, big fails