This document discusses the pupa stage of holometabolous insects. It describes the three main types of pupae: [1] Obtect pupae where the appendages are glued to the body, like moth pupae, which can be further divided into chrysalis and tumbler forms. [2] Exarate pupae where the appendages are free from the body, like beetle pupae. [3] Coarctate pupae where the pupal case is barrel shaped and encases the pupa, like fly pupae. The pupa is a resting stage where the larval characters disappear and adult characters develop, though the pupa is incapable of feeding during this time. C
2. Examine living pulmonate land snails on display. These snails do n.pdfallwayscollection
2. Examine living pulmonate land snails on display. These snails do not have gills. Instead, the
mantle cavity functions like a lung. When a snail is crawling about, what parts of its body are
outside the confines of the shell? Would you say that cephalization (evolutionary development of
the "head" at the anterior end) is more apparent in gastropods than in bivalves? Could you
hypothesize as to why? 3. Move a blunt probe towards the snail you are observing. Which part of
the body retracts into the shell first? Notice the disk-shaped plate (operculum) covering the
opening of the shell. Does the operculum completely seal of the snail's body from its
surroundings when the animal is disturbed? Is the operculum continuous with the shell itself? 4.
Snails and slugs secrete a mucus that is laid down by the foot. The slime is protective-a slug can
pass unharmed over the edge of a sharp razor - and also contains hormones (pheromones) that
guide other snails along the same trail. Can you find the slime trail that is formed as the animal
crawls across the substrate?.
This is for FYBSc students of University of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, studying in course one semester I. For further query you may email at sudesh_rathod@yahoo.co.in
This is for FYBSc students of University of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, studying in course one semester I. For further query you may email at sudesh_rathod@yahoo.co.in
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
2. Examine living pulmonate land snails on display. These snails do n.pdfallwayscollection
2. Examine living pulmonate land snails on display. These snails do not have gills. Instead, the
mantle cavity functions like a lung. When a snail is crawling about, what parts of its body are
outside the confines of the shell? Would you say that cephalization (evolutionary development of
the "head" at the anterior end) is more apparent in gastropods than in bivalves? Could you
hypothesize as to why? 3. Move a blunt probe towards the snail you are observing. Which part of
the body retracts into the shell first? Notice the disk-shaped plate (operculum) covering the
opening of the shell. Does the operculum completely seal of the snail's body from its
surroundings when the animal is disturbed? Is the operculum continuous with the shell itself? 4.
Snails and slugs secrete a mucus that is laid down by the foot. The slime is protective-a slug can
pass unharmed over the edge of a sharp razor - and also contains hormones (pheromones) that
guide other snails along the same trail. Can you find the slime trail that is formed as the animal
crawls across the substrate?.
This is for FYBSc students of University of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, studying in course one semester I. For further query you may email at sudesh_rathod@yahoo.co.in
This is for FYBSc students of University of Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, studying in course one semester I. For further query you may email at sudesh_rathod@yahoo.co.in
Earliest Galaxies in the JADES Origins Field: Luminosity Function and Cosmic ...Sérgio Sacani
We characterize the earliest galaxy population in the JADES Origins Field (JOF), the deepest
imaging field observed with JWST. We make use of the ancillary Hubble optical images (5 filters
spanning 0.4−0.9µm) and novel JWST images with 14 filters spanning 0.8−5µm, including 7 mediumband filters, and reaching total exposure times of up to 46 hours per filter. We combine all our data
at > 2.3µm to construct an ultradeep image, reaching as deep as ≈ 31.4 AB mag in the stack and
30.3-31.0 AB mag (5σ, r = 0.1” circular aperture) in individual filters. We measure photometric
redshifts and use robust selection criteria to identify a sample of eight galaxy candidates at redshifts
z = 11.5 − 15. These objects show compact half-light radii of R1/2 ∼ 50 − 200pc, stellar masses of
M⋆ ∼ 107−108M⊙, and star-formation rates of SFR ∼ 0.1−1 M⊙ yr−1
. Our search finds no candidates
at 15 < z < 20, placing upper limits at these redshifts. We develop a forward modeling approach to
infer the properties of the evolving luminosity function without binning in redshift or luminosity that
marginalizes over the photometric redshift uncertainty of our candidate galaxies and incorporates the
impact of non-detections. We find a z = 12 luminosity function in good agreement with prior results,
and that the luminosity function normalization and UV luminosity density decline by a factor of ∼ 2.5
from z = 12 to z = 14. We discuss the possible implications of our results in the context of theoretical
models for evolution of the dark matter halo mass function.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
(May 29th, 2024) Advancements in Intravital Microscopy- Insights for Preclini...Scintica Instrumentation
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a powerful tool utilized to study cellular behavior over time and space in vivo. Much of our understanding of cell biology has been accomplished using various in vitro and ex vivo methods; however, these studies do not necessarily reflect the natural dynamics of biological processes. Unlike traditional cell culture or fixed tissue imaging, IVM allows for the ultra-fast high-resolution imaging of cellular processes over time and space and were studied in its natural environment. Real-time visualization of biological processes in the context of an intact organism helps maintain physiological relevance and provide insights into the progression of disease, response to treatments or developmental processes.
In this webinar we give an overview of advanced applications of the IVM system in preclinical research. IVIM technology is a provider of all-in-one intravital microscopy systems and solutions optimized for in vivo imaging of live animal models at sub-micron resolution. The system’s unique features and user-friendly software enables researchers to probe fast dynamic biological processes such as immune cell tracking, cell-cell interaction as well as vascularization and tumor metastasis with exceptional detail. This webinar will also give an overview of IVM being utilized in drug development, offering a view into the intricate interaction between drugs/nanoparticles and tissues in vivo and allows for the evaluation of therapeutic intervention in a variety of tissues and organs. This interdisciplinary collaboration continues to drive the advancements of novel therapeutic strategies.
Richard's entangled aventures in wonderlandRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
A brief information about the SCOP protein database used in bioinformatics.
The Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is a comprehensive and authoritative resource for the structural and evolutionary relationships of proteins. It provides a detailed and curated classification of protein structures, grouping them into families, superfamilies, and folds based on their structural and sequence similarities.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.
This pdf is about the Schizophrenia.
For more details visit on YouTube; @SELF-EXPLANATORY;
https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCAiarMZDNhe1A3Rnpr_WkzA/videos
Thanks...!
2. • Pupa and its types :
• It is the resting and inactive stage in all
holometabolous insects.
• During this stage, the insect is incapable
of feeding and is quiescent.
• In this stage the larval characters
disappears and new characters appears.
• New characters are mainly the adult
characters.
4. I. OBTECT: Various appendages of the pupa viz., antennae, legs and
wings pads are glued to the body by a secretion produced during
the last larval moult.
• Exposed surface of the appendages are more heavily sclerotized
than those adjacent to body.
Eg: moth pupa.
• It is of two types :
a. Chrysalis
b. Tumbler
5. a) Chrysalis:
It is the naked obtect pupa of butterfly. It is angular and attractively
coloured.
The pupa is attached to the substratum by hooks present at the
terminal end of the abdomen called cremaster.
The middle part of the chrysalis is attached to the substratum by two
strong silken threads called gridle.
6. b) Tumbler:
Pupa of mosquito is called tumbler. It is comma shaped with
rudimentary appendages.
Breathing trumpets are present in the cephalic end and abdomen is
capable of jerky movements which are produced by the anal paddles.
The pupa is very active.
7. II) EXARATE:
Various appendages viz., antennae, legs and wing pads are not
glued to the body means they are free.
All oligopod larvae will turn into exarate pupae.
The pupa is soft and pale.
Eg: pupa of rhinocerous beetle.
8. III) COARCTATE:
The pupal case is barrel shaped, smooth with no apparent
appendages.
The last larval skin is changed into a case containing the exarate pupa.
The hardened dark brown pupal case is called puparium.
Eg: Fly pupa.
9. • Pupal protection:
It is the most vulnearable stage so the pupa is enclosed in a protective
cover called cocoon.
Based on the nature and materials used for preparation of cocoons,
there are several types:
10.
11. THANKS FOR WATCHING THIS VIDEO!
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