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2. In the aftermath of World War II and the German re-unification in
1990, the state was constituted from the historic states
of Mecklenburg and Vorpommern, both of which had long and rich
independent histories.
Human settlement in the area of modern Mecklenburg and Vorpommern
began after the Ice Age, about 10,000 BC. About two thousand years
ago, Germanic peoples were recorded in the area. Most of them left
during the Migration Period, heading towards Spain, Italy andFrance,
leaving the area relatively deserted. In the 6th century Polabian
Slavs populated the area. While Mecklenburg was settled by the
Obotrites, Vorpommern was settled by the Veleti (later Liuticians) and
the Rani.
Along the coast, Vikings and Slavs established trade posts
like Reric, Ralswiek and Menzlin. In the 12th century, Mecklenburg and
Vorpommern were conquered by Henry the Lion and incorporated into
the Duchy of Saxony, joining the Holy Roman Empire in the 1180s. All of
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern was settled with Germans in
the Ostsiedlung process, starting in the 12th century.
3.
4. Sixth-largest in area and fourteenth in overall population
among Germany's sixteen Bundesländer (federal states),
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is bounded to the north by
the Baltic Sea, to the west by Schleswig-Holstein, to the
southwest by Lower Saxony, to the south by Brandenburg,
and to the east by the West Pomeranian
Voivodeship in Poland.
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern's state capital is Schwerin. The
largest city is Rostock with approximately 205,000 people.
Other major cities
include Greifswald, Güstrow, Neubrandenburg, Stralsund
and Wismar
5. Since 4 September 2011, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is divided
into six Kreise (districts) and two independent urban districts:
Landkreis Rostock
Ludwigslust-Parchim
Mecklenburgische Seenplatte
Nordwestmecklenburg
Vorpommern-Greifswald
Vorpommern-Rügen
and
Rostock (HRO)
Schwerin (SN)
6.
7.
8. Over the centuries, Mecklenburg and Vorpommern
have developed and maintained strong regional
cultures. It can generally be described as North
German and has similar linguistic and historic
characteristics to other north German states, such
as Schleswig-Holstein. People in Vorpommern, as a
result of that territory being a former province
of Prussia, tend to look slightly more
towards Berlin and Brandenburg than people in
Mecklenburg would.
9.
10. The cities are characterised by a certain "Hanseatic" style also found in
other parts of northern Germany (e.g. Lübeck) as well as in countries
bordering the Baltic Sea like Estonia(e.g. Tallinn) or Latvia (e.g. Riga).
A common feature of many towns in Mecklenburg and Vorpommern
are red Brick Gothic churches and houses dating back to the Middle
Ages. Also stepped and tailed gables are a typical feature of
the Hanseatic old towns, such as Stralsund, Wismar and Greifswald.
The old towns are usually built around one or several market places
with a church or the town hall. Often towns were founded at the Baltic
Sea, one of the many lakes or a river for logistical and trade motives.
Rural areas of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern are often characterized by
Brick Gothic village churches and agricultural heritage, like
brick homesteads, windmills, thatched roof houses and manor
houses or castles.
11.
12. The largest publicly funded theatres in the state are
the Mecklenburg State Theatre, the Rostock People's Theatre,
the Theatre of West Pomerania, with venues
in Stralsund, Putbus and Greifswald, and the Mecklenburg State
Theatre of Neustrelitz with venues
inNeubrandenburg and Neustrelitz. All four theatres offer both
drama and musical theatre as well as orchestral music. Other
important theatres are the Ernst Barlach Theatre of Güstrow, the
Mecklenburg State Theater of Parchim, the Anklam Theatre and
the Wismar Theatre. There are also many small theatres on the
Baltic coast and in individual artist's villages and resorts (e.g. the
popular concert pavilion at the Baltic Sea). Since its growing
importance for summer tourism, open air theatres and festivals
become more common again as well, such as the Störtebeker
Festival on the island of Rügen.
13.
14. Since 1993, the Störtebeker Festival has taken place in Ralswiek on the
island of Rügen. It is Germany's most successful open-air theatre.
Notable museums include, for example, the Schwerin State
Museum and the Pomeranian State Museum at Greifswald.
The German Maritime Museum with its Ozeaneum in Stralsund is the
most popular museum in northern Germany. Furthermore,
the German Amber Museum in Ribnitz-Damgarten, Rostock's Abbey
of the Holy Cross and Rostock Art Gallery are of national importance.
The oldest museum in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is
Stralsund's Cultural History Museum, the smallest is the Professor
Wandschneider Sculpture Museum in Plau am See.
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is home to many cultural events
throughout the year. During summer, many open air concerts and
operas are open to visitors. The Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Festival
(Festspiele Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) attracts a sizeable audience by
performing classical concerts in parks, churches and castles.
Caspar David Friedrich, a famous romanticist painter born
in Greifswald, immortalised parts of the state in several of his
paintings.
15.
16. Today the vast majority of people speak Standard
German, a few centuries ago most people spoke Low
German
17. Like most German regions, Mecklenburg and
Vorpommern have their own traditional dishes, often
including fish, beef and pork. Rostock has its own type
of bratwurst called Rostocker Bratwurst. An unusual
food from Western Pomerania is Tollatsch. Rote
Grütze is a popular dessert. The largest brewery
produces Lübzer Pils
18. The majority (79.4%) of the citizens of Mecklenburg-Western
Pomerania are irreligious or unaffiliated. As of 2010 the 17.3% are
members of the Evangelical Church in Germany and 3.3% of
the Catholic Church.[8]
Following the Christian Reformation, led in Germany by Martin
Luther, as well as a period of Swedish rule, the traditional faith in
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is Protestantism, specifically Lutheranism.
There are also a number of Catholics and people of other faiths. Both
confessions are split at the old border; Mecklenburg belongs to
the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Mecklenburg and the Archdiocese
of Hamburg, West Pomerania forms the Pomeranian Evangelical
Church (some parts however belonging to Brandenburg in this respect)
or belongs to the Archdiocese of Berlin. As to the Protestants, a union
to form a North Church(together with the North Elbians) is in progress.
More than three quarters of the population are religiously unaffiliated.
19. Mecklenburg-Vorpommern is the least densely populated and least
industrial German state, being the sixth largest in size, but only 14th in
population. The unemployment rate has gone down to 10,7%
(September 2012).[12] Formerly, it has been negatively affected by the
breakdown of non-competitive former GDR industries after
the German reunification in the 1990s. Now it is the lowest in more
than 15 years while the economy is growing and the number of jobs is
increasing continually. Growing sectors are biotechnology, information
technology, life sciences, maritime industry and tourist services.
In Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, approximately 732,200 people were
gainfully employed in 2008 with 657,100 of them were white and blue
collar workers. About 4,200 new jobs were created in 2007.[13]
Employees worked an average of 1,455 hours a year. The number of self-
employed did not change in 2008. Three out of every four of all people
in work are employed in the service sector.
20.
21. The use of the state symbols is controlled by the
law of national emblems of the Land of
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The large coat of arms
of the state is held by the state parliament and
the president of the state parliament, by the
prime minister and by the ministries.
Furthermore, different institutions – such as for
example the constitutional court of the state and
the representative of the citizens – have the
right to use the large coat of arms of the state.
22. Main sporting attractions include the German football
league games of F.C. Hansa Rostock and the
international sailing event Hanse Sail. Had the bid for
the 2012 summer Olympics in Leipzig been successful,
the sailing competitions would have taken place off the
coast of Rostock.
23.
24.
25.
26. Arts and Film: Ernst Barlach, Friedrich von Flotow, Caspar David
Friedrich, Marianne Hoppe, Till Lindemann,Philipp Otto Runge
Business: Ernst Heinkel, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, Leonhard
Tietz, Georg Wertheim
Literature: Ernst Moritz Arndt, John Brinckman, Hans Fallada, Walter
Kempowski, Fritz Reuter, Rudolf Tarnow, Ehm Welk
Politics: Ernst Moritz Arndt, Dietmar Bartsch, Egon Krenz, Helmuth
von Moltke the Elder, Harald Ringstorff,Angela Merkel, Joachim
Gauck, Gebhard Leberecht von Blücher
Science: Theodor Billroth, Friedrich Chrysander, Walther
Flemming, Gottlob Frege, Otto Lilienthal, Gustav Mie,Ferdinand von
Mueller, Paul Pogge, Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Heinrich
Schliemann, Johannes Stark
Sports: Tim Borowski, Andreas Dittmer, Thomas Doll, Marita
Koch, Toni Kroos, Jan Ullrich, Jens Voigt,Sebastian Sylvester