11. FLASH EFFECTS
๏ DAZZLE. (RESULTS DEPEND ON)
๏ INDL EYE CHARACTERISTICS, IN TERMS OF, BLINK
REFLEX TIME & SENSITIVITY.
๏ THE DEG OF EYE ADAPTATION TO DARKNESS OF
THE NIGHT.
๏ THE ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS AFFECTING LIGHT
SCATTER & ABSORPTION.
๏ EYE DAMAGE.
๏ ONLY 2% TO 3% OF DAZZLED SUFFER RETINAL
BURNS.
๏ ONLY 0.1% SUFFER PERMANENT BLINDNESS IN ONE
OR BOTH EYES.
12. HEAT OR THERMAL EFFECTS
๏ TO MEN.
๏ BURN DUE TO EXPOSURE.
๏ BURN DUE TO CHARRED CLOTHING.
๏ TO MTRL.
13. BLAST EFFECTS
๏ PRESSURE WAVE COMPONENTS.
๏ STATIC OVER-PRESSURE.
๏ UNDER PRESSURE.
๏ DYNAMIC PRESSURE.
๏ EFFECT ON PERSONNEL.
๏ THE COLLAPSE OF BLDGS & FD DEF OR
OVERTURNING OF VEH.
๏ THE IMPACT OF FLYING DEBRIS.
๏ INJURIES CAUSED TO PERS BY BEING
PICKED UP & FLUNG BY THE WIND.
14. BLAST EFFECTS
๏ RESOURCE DAMAGE.
๏ ANT BROKEN OFF; CABLES STRETCHED & SEVERED.
๏ VEH, AC & EQPT OVERTURNED.
๏ BLDGS & FD DEF CRASHED.
๏ EARTHWORKS COLLAPSED BY THE GRND SHOCK
WAVE.
๏ SUP, EQPT & WPN BLOWN AWAY BY THE WINDS.
๏ TRN EFFECT.
๏ BLOW DOWN OF STRUCTURES & TREES.
๏ PRESSURE WAVE FOLLOWS GRND UNDULATIONS.
15.
16. CL OF NBC CAS
๏ PRIORITY ONE.
๏ 18% TO 60% OF THE SKIN BURNT.
๏ REQUIRE URGENT TREATMENT TO SAVE LIFE.
๏ PRIORITY TWO.
๏ LESS THAN 18% OF THE SKIN BURNT.
๏ TREATMENT WILL SPEED UP REC.
๏ PRIORITY THREE.
๏ MORE THAN 60% OF THE SKIN BURNT.
๏ LIKELY TO BE FATAL IN SPITE OF TREATMENT.
20. SYMPTOMS OF RADN DAMAGE
๏ INITIAL SYMPTOMS OF HEADACHE, NAUSEA,
VOMITING, DIARRHOEA & GENERAL MALAISE.
๏ A SYMPTOM-FREE PD WITH APPARENT REC.
๏ THE DEVP OF LATENT SYMPTOMS SUCH AS LOSS
OF HAIR & APPETITE, SORE THROAT, FEVER,
HEMORRHAGES, PROLONGED INCAPACITATION OR
DEATH.
21.
22. TREE
๏ TRANSIENT RADN EFFECT ON ELECTRONICS.
๏ ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS ARE AT RISK.
๏ RADN PULSE IS TRANSIENT BUT THE EFFECTS ON
ELECTRONICS MAY BE PERMT.
23. EMP
๏ ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSE.
๏ MAY CAUSE:-
๏ BREAKDOWN OF INSULATION IN CABLES &
COMPONENTS.
๏ TRIPPING OF RELAYS & CCT BREAKERS.
๏ BURNOUT OF COMPONENTS WITHIN EQPT.
๏ CORRUPTION OR CLEARANCE OF ELECTRONIC
DATA STORES.
๏ EXPL FAILURE OF SUSCEPTIBLE EQPT, WHICH MAY
CAUSE HUMAN INJURY AS A SECONDARY EFFECT.
24.
25. CHEM WPN
๏ WPNS BASED ON THE TOXIC PROPERTIES OF CHEM.
๏ A CHEM WPN CONSISTS OF A PAYLOAD โ THE CHEM
AGENT & A MUNITION TO DISSEMINATE IT OVER THE TGT.
๏ INVADE INTO THE TGT POPULATION THROUGH
INHALATION, INJECTION OR INGESTION.
๏ POOR MANโS ATOM BOMB.
26. CL OF CHEM WPNS
๏ MILITARY USE.
๏ KILLER AGENTS.
๏ INCAPACITATING AGENTS.
๏ RIOT CONTROL AGENTS.
๏ DURATION OF EFFECTIVENESS.
๏ NON-PERSISTENT.
๏ PERSISTENT.
27. CL OF CHEM WPNS
EFFECTS ON THE BODY
๏ KILLER AGENTS.
๏NERVE AGENT.
๏BLISTER AGENTS.
๏BLOOD AGENTS.
๏CHOKING AGENTS.
๏ INCAPACITATING AGENTS.
๏NOSE (VOMITING) AGENTS.
๏MENTAL INCAPACITATORS.
๏PHYSICAL INCAPACITATORS.
๏ RIOT CONTROL AGENTS.
28.
29. MEANS OF DISSEMINATION OF CHEM WPNS
๏ LIQUID DROPLETS OR SPRAY, LIKE RAIN.
๏ LIQUID AEROSOLS, LIKE A FINE MIST, SMALL
ENOUGH TO BE INHALED.
๏ VERY SMALL PARTICLES OF SOLIDS, LIKE
SMOKE.
๏ VAPOUR, OR TRUE GAS.
31. BIOLOGICAL AGENTS
๏ AGENTS ABLE TO PRODUCE A DISEASE FOR
WHICH THERE IS MINIMAL IMMUNITY IN THE
TARGET POPULATION.
๏ TYPES.
๏ BACTERIA.
๏ RICKETTSIA.
๏ VIRUS.
๏ FUNGI.
39. DEL OF BIOLOGICAL WPNS
๏ โSOUPโ.
๏ VECTORS.
๏ EXPLOSIVE MUNITIONS.
๏ GENERATORS.
๏ SPRAY TANKS.
๏ LIKELY DELIVERY METHODS.
๏ DIRECT RELEASE OF SPORES,OR AGENT SOUP TO
CONTAMINATE GRND.
๏ DIRECT DEL OF AGENT BY CL&ESTINE ACTION.
๏ RELEASE ON TO THE PREVAILING WIND IN
AEROSOL SUSPENSION AS: -
๏ LIQUID AGENT SOUP.
๏ SPORES OR DRIED POWDERED AGENT.
41. PROTECTIVE MEASURES
๏ INDIVIDUAL.
๏ COLLECTIVE.
๏ CONTAMINATION FREE ENVIRONMENT
FOR CP, FDC & COMCENs.
๏ ENHANCE THE EFF OF CREW-SERVED
WPNS & COMBAT VEH BY PERMITTING
CREWS TO OPERATE WITHOUT IPE.
๏ PROVIDE A CLEAN ENVIRONMENT TO
ADMINISTER MED AID.
๏ PROVIDE A PLACE FOR REST & RELIEF.
๏ PROVIDE A PLACE FOR CONTINUOUS LGS
SP.
43. PROTECTIONSEALING OF THE SHELTER.
๏ HERMETICAL OF SHELTER
๏ SPL ENTRANCE / AIR LOCKS.
๏ OVER PRESSURE.
๏ USE OF FILTER VENTILATION DEVICES.
๏ ADOPTING SLIDING DOORS.
๏ CONTROLLING ENTRY / EXIT OF PERS IN
GPs.
๏ MEASURES AGAINST CHEM
CONTAMINATION.
๏ MEASURES AGAINST RADIOACTIVE DUST.
๏ MEASURES AGAINST BIOLOGICAL
CONTAMINATION.
44. MOD TO EXISTING FD SHELTERS.
๏ ZIG ZAG ENTRANCE TO THE DEF
๏ INCR THE DEPTH OF O / H COVER TO 60-90
CM OF EARTH.
๏ OHP INCL EARTH COVER BE FLUSH WITH
THE SURROUNDING GRND.
๏ INTERPOSING POLYTHENE SHEET OR PBS
ROLLS IN BETWEEN THE LAYERS OF SOIL
TO STOP NEUTRONS.
๏ INTRO OF A THERMAL CURTAIN AT THE
ENTRANCE.
47. QUESTION 21
WHAT PROTECTION MEASURES MUST BE
ADOPTED IN CASE OF A NBC ATTACK?
WHAT FIRST AID SHOULD BE GIVEN?
48. INDL REACTION
๏ IF EXPOSED, MOV NO MORE THAN A FEW
STEPS TO SEEK SHELTER.
๏ DROP FLAT ON THE GRND.
๏ CLOSE EYES.
๏ PROTECT EXPOSED SKIN SURFACE.
๏ REMAIN PRONE UNTIL AFTER THE BLAST WAVE
HAS PASSED OR DEBRIS HAS STOPPED FALLING.
49. FIRST AID MEASURES
๏ AGAINST BLAST INJURIES.
๏ BED REST WITH FEET ELEVATED.
๏ PREVENT COLLAPSE.
๏ GIVE COFFEE, TEA OR WATER.
๏ MORPHIA GIVEN TO RELIEVE PAIN.
๏ AGAINST THERMAL RADN EFFECTS.
๏ RELIEF OF PAIN BY MORPHIA.
๏ APPL OF AN EMERGENCY STERILE DRESSING.
๏ TREATMENT OF SHOCK.
๏ ATTEMPT TO CLEAR THE WOUND.
๏ FLAME BURNS TREATED AS ORDINARY BURNS.
๏ AGAINST NUCLEAR RADN EFFECTS.
50. QUESTION 22
WHAT IS AREA DAMAGE CONTROL?
WHAT ORG SHOULD AVAILABLE IN A UNIT
TO CARRY OUT AREA DAMAGE CONTROL?
51. AREA DAMAGE CONT ORG
๏ A SENIOR OFFR.
๏ A MED REP TO COORDINATE MED EVAC.
๏ A SUP REP TO DETERMINE EXTENT OF SUP
REQD.
๏ AN ENGINEER REPRESENTATIVE TO
DETERMINE THE ENGINEER EFFORT
REQUIRED.
๏ A RADIOLOGICAL MONITORING TEAM TO
MAKE AN INITIAL ESTIMATE OF THE
EXTENT OF RESIDUAL CONTAMINATION.
๏ TPT .
๏ PRO REP.
52. DUTIES OF AREA DAMAGE CONT ORG
๏ MOVE TO THE DAMAGED AREA WITHOUT
DELAY.
๏ DETERMINE & REP REMAINING EFFECTIVENESS
OF DAMAGED UNIT.
๏ IF NECESSARY, ASSUME CONT OF THE
DAMAGED UNITS TO RESTORE COMD & COMN.
๏ REQUEST MEDICAL, ENGINEER & ALLIED
ASSISTANCE.
53. DUTIES OF AREA DAMAGE CONT ORG
๏ AS SOON AS PRACTICABLE, REPORT THE
FOLLOWING :-
๏ NO & TYPE OF CAS.
๏ EFF STR OF DAMAGED UNITS.
๏ LOSS OF CDR, IF APPLICABLE.
๏ LOC OF CONT & ASSESSMENT TEAM.
๏ REPORT (LOC, DOSE RATE, TIME OF
READING) RADN AREAS OVER ONE
RAD / HOUR & CHEM
CONTAMINATION DISCOVERED IN
THE COURSE OF OP.