Jew in American Agriculture

1. JEWS IN
AMERICAN
AGRICULTURE
ARTHUR L. FINKLE
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• Jewish Colonization
Society
• In 1891 in London by Baron M.
Hirsch of London, has an idea that
Jews should become
agriculturalists, something denied
in Europe. Accordingly he
established a society to benefit of
those who wished to take up work in
agriculture. He and the Russian
government agreed to relocate Jews
to Argentina: 3,250,000 Jews
emigrating over a 25-year time
period.
• Baron Hirsch also sponsored
sixteen agricultural developments in
the United States. Woodbine, NJ
was the most successful.

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5. BARON MAURICE DE HIRSCH
He founded the Jewish Colonization Association as an English
society, with a capital of £2,000,000, and in 1892 he presented
to it a further sum of £7,000,000. On the death of his wife in
1899 the capital was increased to £11,000,000, of which
£1,250,000 went to the Treasury, after some litigation, in
death duties.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_de_Hirsch
1891 - USD 10 million
2017 - $5,940,000,000
http://www.likeforex.com/currency-converter/british-sterling-
pound-gbp_usd-us-dollar.htm/1891
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6. JEWISH COLONIZATION ASSOCIATION
ONLY IN NEW JERSEY DID THE SETTLEMENTS FINALLY SUCCEED.
IN SOUTHERN NEW JERSEY, THE ASSOCIATION ESTABLISHED FOUR MAJOR SETTLEMENTS :
CARMEL 1882
ALLIANCE IN MAY 1882
ROSENHAYN IN 1883
NORMA, 1884
WOODBINE IN 1891
THE FIRST THREE SETTLEMENTS EVENTUALLY BECAME PART OF THE CITY OF VINELAND,
N.J., AND LOST THEIR INDIVIDUAL IDENTITIES. BUT WOODBINE, WHICH INCORPORATED
ITSELF AS THE BOROUGH OF WOODBINE IN 1903, BECAME KNOWN AS THE "FIRST SELF-
GOVERNING JEWISH COMMUNITY SINCE THE FALL OF JERUSALEM."
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7. JEWISH COLONIZATION ASSN – S.
AMERICA
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• Only 6,000 Jews immigrated to Argentina within the first three
years and of these, half stayed put in Buenos Aires. Within a
decade, the association transplanted to Argentina a grand total of
10,000 Jews.
• The reason for the failure was that Jews simply preferred going to
the Goldene Medina rather than struggling in Argentine dust and
mud. During the previous decade, the United States population of
250,000 Jews had doubled, and another 165,000 Jews streamed to
the US shores during the first three years of the Argentina debacle.
• Within a decade, the association transplanted to Argentina a grand
total of 10,000 Jews.
• Brazil

8. MARCH 4, 1928
“THE INTEREST OF THE JEW IN FARMING IS
UNABATED” SAYS GABRIEL DAVIDSON, GENERAL
MANAGER OF THE JEWISH AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY IN
ITS TWENTY-EIGHTH ANNUAL REPORT JUST ISSUED.
THE JEWISH FARM POPULATION IN THE UNITED
STATES HAS GROWN FROM BARELY A THOUSAND IN
1900 TO AN ESTIMATED POPULATION OF EIGHTY
THOUSAND IN 1928. ONE MILLION ACRES ARE TODAY
BEING FARMED BY JEWS AND THE REAL ESTATE AND
PERSONAL PROPERTY VALUE OF THEIR HOLDINGS IS
OVER $150,000,000.
80,000 JEWISH FARMERS US-1928
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9. SOUTHERN JERSEY FARMS
Woodbine: Success Based on Experience
Mitspah, New Jersey
Alliance
Vineland
Rosenhayn
Norma
Carmel
Estelle
Carton Road and Six Points
Brotmanville
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10. JEWISH COLONIZATION ORGANIZATION AND OTHERS
ASSISTING TRANSITION FOR IMMIGRANTS
Cimarron, OK
Kansas - Beer Sheba
Clarion, UT
Happyville, S CAR.
Woodlawn, MD
ARIZONA'S JEWISH FARMERS AND RANCHERS
New Jersey Successes
Flemington
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11. SUCCESSFUL JEWISH FARMING IN US
• Petaluma, California
• Eastern Connecticut Jewish farming communities
• Chesterfield, Connecticut
• New York's Sullivan and Ulster Counties
• Flemington, NJ – After All The Kinks Are Worked Out
• The Historic Dvoor Farm
• New York's Sullivan and Ulster Counties
• Flemington, NJ – After All The Kinks Are Worked Out
• The Historic Dvoor Farm
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12. JEWISH DEMOGRAPHICS 1880-1890
Demographics 1880-1890
1880-90- The immigration records include 182, 624
Russian immigrants to the United States, most of
whom were Jewish. They settled in New York City
(58.5 thousand); Northeast coast (34,600). That left
88 thousand who ventured beyond New York and the
East Coast. Were they farmers? No records exist.
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13. JEWISH DEMOGRAPHICS
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Historical US Jewish Population
Year Pop. ±%
1790 1,500 —
1800 2,250 50.00%
1810 2,625 16.70%
1820 3,000 14.30%
1830 6,000 100.00%
1840 15,000 150.00%
1850 50,000 233.30%
1860 150,000 200.00%
1870 200,000 33.30%
1880 250,000 25.00%
1890 400,000 60.00%
1900 1,500,000 275.00%
1910 1,777,000 18.50%
1920 3,389,000 90.70%
1881-1924 1,700,000

14. THE SECOND PHASE OF JEWISH
FARMING: ESTABLISHING POULTRY
FARMS
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• POULTRY FARMING
• JERSEY JEWISH POULTRY FARMS
• RTE. 130 CORRIDOR
• FARMINGDALE – POULTRY
• ROOSEVELT, NJ
• TOMS RIVER

15. THE SECOND PHASE OF JEWISH FARMING: ESTABLISHING
THE NEW FARM
•Poultry Farming
•Jersey Jewish Poultry Farms
•Farmingdale – Poultry
•Roosevelt, NJ
•Toms River
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16. The Impact of Technology on Daily Life
• Electricity and Water
• Later introduction in rural comunitities
• Age of Consumerism
• Labor Saving Devices
• Indoor plumbing (bathrooms) Hot and cold running water
• Indoor electricity
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17. MODERN
CONVENIENCES
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Tractors
Indoor electricity allowed the home to be
lighted and provided energy for household
work.
In spite of these improvements, a housewife
toiled 55 hours per week in an attempt to
improve the sanitation of the habitable
dwelling.

18. AUTOS
Wide range of cars and tractors.
Affordable
Ford Model A 1908-1927 – $350-500 ($6,500)
Ford Model T 1927 - $750
Studebaker Roadster - $700
Locomobile Limo - $8,000.
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19. FAMILY INCOME, 1920S
over $10,000 2.3 percent
$5,000-10,000 8 percent
2,500-$5,000 19 percent
$2,000-2,500 11 percent
$1,500-2,000 18 percent
$1,000-1,500 21 percent
under $1,000 21 percent
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20. FARMING INCOME 1920S
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21. POULTRY FARMING
•1925-1954
•Jewish Market
•World War 2 – poultry became a meat
source
•Eggs
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22. FLEMINGTON LEHIGH STATION
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23. UNION HOTEL
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24. DVOOR FARM
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25. WEBSITE
HTTP://JEWISHFARMERSINAMERICA.BLOGSPOT.COM
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26. WETSTEIN FARM
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