2. By the end of this lecture the student will
be able to :
Define Nursing &
Identify history in Nursing
Describe Nursing education and
organization
Discuses the Characteristics of nursing
profession.
3. Florence Nightingale’s performances and
her Contributions to nursing science;
Describe the Concept and Dimensions of
Nursing
Explain the Historical Perspectives of
Nursing.
4. The term “nurse” from Latin word ” means
to Nourish”
NURSE :a person who cares for the sick,
the injured, and the physically, mentally,
and social disabled.
5. Patient :Comes from a Latin word, “to Suffer”
A person who is in the state of physical, mental,
and social imbalance/disable .
OR
An individual who seeks for nursing assistance,
medical Assistance, or for surgery due to illness
or a disease.
6. Nursing is a profession within the health care
sector focused on the care of individuals,
families, and communities so they may
attain, maintain, or restore health and
provide quality of care.
Nursing: As an Art & A Science
Which have acquired special knowledge by
both training or experience,
7. Florence Nightingale Nursing is the act of
utilizing the environment of the patient to
assist him in his recovery(1960)
8. American Nurses Association (ANA)
Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of
human responses to actual or potential
health problems.(1980)
9. International Council of Nurses, in 1973,
nursing is to assist the individual, sick, family,
and community.
3 stages of the concept of nursing
disease centered,
patient centered
human health centered
10. Relieving pains
Maintaining health
Restoring health
Promoting health and wellness
11. Nursing is an ancient profession that has
changed along with human civilization.
Nursing began as a desire to keep people
healthy and to provide comfort and
assurance to the sick .
12. Nursing from Earliest times to the
nineteenth century.
Early Civilization.
Islamic history .
Christianity.
Middle Ages.
Fifteenth to Nineteenth Century
13. Very little things have been written about
nursing as a unique professional in ancient
time.
Egyptian physicians are believed to have
specialized in certain diseases
They also hired women, for fractured bones, and
wounds. later known as (midwives)
to assist with childbirth. These women were the
first records nurses.
14. the Islamic literature has a different view.
Nursing, in Islam, started in the age of the
Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) in the 8th
century
Rufaidah Bint Sa'ad was the first Muslim
professional nurse
She learned how to care for patients.
15. she expressed all attributes of a good nurse;
kindness and empathy,
capability of leading and organizing,
Rufaidah was Not only a practical nurse, but
also she was a teacher. In her school, a lot of
volunteer Muslim women learned nursing
skills and how to care for ill and wounded
Muslims.
16. Islamic History is full of Scientist And
Physicians.
Asma Binta Umais who nursed and care for
the wounded in Battles of Uhad.
Many large hospitals were built B/w the 10th
and 13Century in marakesh and Baghdad.
17. With the beginning of Christianity, nursing
began to have a formal and more clearly
defined role.
Nursing became acceptable for women and
encouraged by Catholic Church.
Nursing became a respected vocation.
18. Women began nursing as an expression of
Christianity (acts of mercy)
Women were recognized (first recording in
history) as important members of
community
Phoebe: was the first visiting nurse.
19. More hospitals were built.
Nurses delivered protective care and
depended on physicians for direction.
Nurse midwifery, as one of the oldest nursing
roles,
Nursing care was controlled by the Catholic
Church which was isolated by gender.
20. Catholic Church became dominant
In 16th century – Ruled by religious order
Nursing done by dedicated women, who
took undertakings,
but could not leave or get married.
Also nursing brothers.
21. India
In ancient India, early hospitals were staffed
by male nurses who were required to meet
four qualifications:
knowledge of the drug administration,
cleverness,
devotedness to the patient,
purity of mind and body
22. Hippocratic Known as “Father of Medicine”
Developed terms :
Diagnosis—identifying disease scientifically
Prognosis—predicting possible outcome
Cure— restoration of health
Charaka wrote :Father of Surgery’ in India.
23. An English women born in Florence “Italy”
on May, 2nd
,1820 of wealthy parents.
despite her family’s protests, she worked
along with nursing.
She changed the negative image of nursing
to a positive one.
She have broad knowledge of science,
history, politic, and economic.
Called the lady with the lamp
Died on August 13,1910.(aged 90)
24. she received nurse’s training at 1850 for three
months;
Her book:
Notes on hospitals’ and
‘Notes on Nursing’ became the first
textbook for the field of nursing .
25. Period of Nightingale
after the war, Nightingale established the
Nightingale Training School for Nurses
production at St. Thomas’ hospital in London
in(1860)
Florence Nightingale established the first
nursing philosophy based on health
maintenance and restoration.
26. Uniform standers of training and certificate
programs in all over the country.
the India Nursing council was passed in 1947
with help of Health minister of India.
In same time similar act was passed in
Pakistan.
1905 A few Nursing superintendent formed a
Nursing Organization. TNAI
To work for dignity honor for the profession.
the first Nursing Journal was publish in 1910.
27. Development of modern nursing
Nursing Education:
in 1923, the Rockefeller Foundation funded a
survey on nursing education, which
recommended that nursing schools be
independent of hospital and on a college
level;
in 1924, one of the schools of nursing was set
up at Yale University;
28. America’s tragic conflict underscored the
need for nursing.
Clara Barton (1821-1912) volunteered her
nursing skills and organized the Red Cross in
the United States after the war.
Phoebe :is recommendation as the first
visiting nurse.
29. Lillian Wald: First community health nurse.
Isabel Hampton Robb: Founded nursing organizations.
Adelaide Nutting: First nurse appointed as university professor.
Lavinia Dock: Author of early textbooks.
Mamie Hale: Educator of midwives.
Mary Mahoney: America’s first African-American nurse.
Linda Richards: America’s first trained nurse. (Note: The term
trained nurse preceded registered nurse).
30. Thompson Practical Nursing School.
Established 1907 in Bostan. Still operating
today.
Household Nursing School. Founded in 1918
in (iran)
31. LPNs (Licensed Practical Nurses) and LVNs
(Licensed Vocational Nurses) work under the
supervision of an RN or other licensed provider
such as a physician.
Education is focused on basic nursing skills and
direct client care.
Educated in community colleges, hospitals,
vocational programs.
32. RNs (Registered Nurses) may operate
autonomously and may supervise LP/VNsLVNS.
Education is focused on basic nursing skills and
direct client care.
Educated in universities, community colleges,
hospitals.
