5. DEFINITION
BRONCHIAL ASTHMA
NOW REGARDED AS
A CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY DISORDER
OF THE LOWER AIRWAY
CHARACTERIZED BY BOUTS OF
DYSNEA, AS A RESULT OF TEMPORARY
NARROWING OF THE BRONCHI BY
BRONCHOSPASM,MUCOSAL EDEMA,AND
THICK SECRETIONS.
SURAJ GUPTHE
6.
ASTHMA IS A REVERSIBLE EPISODIC
OBSTRUCTIVE AIRWAY DISEASE CAUSED
BY HYPERACTIVITY OF THE BRONCHIAL
TREE TO A VARIETY OF STIMULI.
DOROTHY R MARLOW
7. ASTHMA
IS DEFINED AS A CHRONIC
INFLAMMATORY DISORDER OF THE
AIRWAYS IN MANY CELLS PLAY A ROLE, IN
PARTICULAR ,MAST CELLS,EOSINOPHILS
AND T- LYMPHOCYTES.
WONG’S
8. INCIDENCE
MOST
CASES: FIRST 2 YEARS
PEAK
INCIDENCE: 5-10 YEARS OF
AGE
BOYS
SUFFER TWICE AS MUCH AS
THE GIRLS
INCIDENCE
IN SCHOOL GOING
AGE IS AROUND 2%
16. MANAGEMENT
AIMS:
RELIEVE THE SYMPTOMS
o PREVENT THE RELAPSE OF
ATTACKS TO PREVENT SCHOOL
ABSENTISM, ENCOURAGE TO
PARTICIPATE IN SPORTS AND
ATTAIN GOOD GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT
o
17. EDUCATION OF THE
PATIENTS,PARENTS,GRAND
PARENTS ABOUT THE
DISEASE, NEED TO USE THE
MEDICINE AND PROPER USE OF
TECHNIQUE OF INHALATION
THERAPY
o GOOD PHARMACOLOGICAL
THERAPY
o ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL
o
20. Treatment of acute attack of
asthma
Nebulization beta-2
agonist 2times at 15
minutes intervals
Good
response
No
response
Discharge on oral
medications
Admit
and treat
21. Management of acute severe
asthma rule of six m’s
Metabolic correction
Muscle spasm to
Mucosal
be relieved
edema
Mucus secretions in excess
Monitor for infections
Mechanical breathing
22. Treatment of chronic asthma
Intermitte Mild
nt asthma persistent
Moderate
persistent
Severe
persistent
Inhaled or Inhaled low
oral
dose steroids
bronchodila
tor therapy
Inhaled low
dose
steroids
+ LA beta 2
agonists
Inhaled high
dose
steroids
+ LA beta 2
agonists
23. Drugs in asthma
ORAL DOSE
DRUGS
PARENTRAL
DOSE
BETA 2 ADRENERGIC
AGONISTS
SALBUTAMOL
0.1 mg/Kg/DOSE
3-4 TIMES A DAY
7.5 mcg/Kg IN 5-10
MINUTES THEN 0.1
mcg/min
THEOPHYLLINES
AMINOPHYLLINE
DERIPHYLLINE
4-6mg/Kg/DOSE
6mg/Kg FOLLOWED
3-4 TIMES /DAY
STEROIDS
PREDNISOLONE
1-2 mg/Kg/DAY
8-10 mg/Kg F/B
1mg/Kg/ hr OR
3mg/Kg Q6H
26. IDENTIFICATION AND ELIMINATION
OF EXACERBATING FACTORS
PASSIVE SMOKING
ASSOCIATED ALLERGIC
DISORDERS
INADEQUATE VENTILATION AT
HOME LEADING TO DAMPNESS
COLD AIR AND COLD FOOD
SMOKE AND DUST
PETS IN FAMILY