Briefly discuss 3–5 key trends in the modern health care operational environment that may have an impact on the effective leadership and management of a hospital or health care organization. Solution Trend #1 : Usage of HIT stands for Health Information Technology platforms. Electronic Health Records or EHR\'s are digitized patient records & medical history that can be updated on a real time basis and reviewed. These are a good example of the integration of information technology with health care. EHR Interoperability Wireless devices are known to interfere with the smooth operation of health care systems. Wireless devices are known to interfere with pacemaker, MRI\'s . Xrays , CAT scans etc. However with HIT and EHR\'s introducing interoperability into their systems. its important to transition health care technology into a wireless world. In healthcare, interoperability is the ability of different information technology systems and software applications to communicate, exchange data, and use the information that has been exchanged. It\'s impact on the effective leadership and management of a hospital or health care organization Health care organisations will need to address the following changes in order to keep up with the trend in the health care industry EHR downtime : Since EHR\'s are basically hardware and software, like all systems they may face outages, system down times and hacking (as seen during the recent attack by the ransom ware virus on UK hospitals where they couldn\'t access patient records). These are complex systems and require strong enterprise grade IT support. With EHR\'s becoming increasingly complex with a vast number of variables, there have been a significant increase in outages and downtime resulting in hospitals not having access to patient records, real time diagnosis tools etc. Miscommunication of Data between between different components of EHR : As i mentioned before EHR comprises of both hardware and software. Software systems are often linked to hardware systems that interface with patients such as X ray, MRI, life support systems etc. Sometimes, the manufacturer of the hardware and software may not be the same and this could cause a certain degree of discrepancies. In other cases even when the manufacturer of the hardware and software components were the same , there was a fair degree of miscommunication between various components. Alarm Fatigue Alarm fatigue is a scenario where health care workers may normalise to alerts or alarms triggered by EHR\'s. This desensitisation is often caused due to either false alarms or a high frequency of low priority alarms being triggered by EHRs. When EHR\'s trigger alarms, health care workers may brush it off as a low priority alarm when it might be quite the opposite. This removes the sense of urgency causing real emergencies to be neglected. This could lead to serious deterioration in patient\'s health and in some cases death. While EHR\'s can do many things and capt.

1. Briefly discuss 3–5 key trends in the modern health care operational environment that may
have an impact on the effective leadership and management of a hospital or health care
organization.
Solution
Trend #1 : Usage of HIT stands for Health Information Technology platforms. Electronic Health
Records or EHR's are digitized patient records & medical history that can be updated on a real
time basis and reviewed. These are a good example of the integration of information technology
with health care.
EHR Interoperability
Wireless devices are known to interfere with the smooth operation of health care systems.
Wireless devices are known to interfere with pacemaker, MRI's . Xrays , CAT scans etc.
However with HIT and EHR's introducing interoperability into their systems. its important to
transition health care technology into a wireless world. In healthcare, interoperability is the
ability of different information technology systems and software applications to communicate,
exchange data, and use the information that has been exchanged.
It's impact on the effective leadership and management of a hospital or health care organization
Health care organisations will need to address the following changes in order to keep up with the
trend in the health care industry
EHR downtime : Since EHR's are basically hardware and software, like all systems they may
face outages, system down times and hacking (as seen during the recent attack by the ransom
ware virus on UK hospitals where they couldn't access patient records).
These are complex systems and require strong enterprise grade IT support. With EHR's
becoming increasingly complex with a vast number of variables, there have been a significant
increase in outages and downtime resulting in hospitals not having access to patient records, real
time diagnosis tools etc.
Miscommunication of Data between between different components of EHR : As i mentioned
before EHR comprises of both hardware and software. Software systems are often linked to
hardware systems that interface with patients such as X ray, MRI, life support systems etc.
Sometimes, the manufacturer of the hardware and software may not be the same and this could
cause a certain degree of discrepancies. In other cases even when the manufacturer of the
hardware and software components were the same , there was a fair degree of miscommunication
between various components.
Alarm Fatigue

2. Alarm fatigue is a scenario where health care workers may normalise to alerts or alarms
triggered by EHR's. This desensitisation is often caused due to either false alarms or a high
frequency of low priority alarms being triggered by EHRs. When EHR's trigger alarms, health
care workers may brush it off as a low priority alarm when it might be quite the opposite. This
removes the sense of urgency causing real emergencies to be neglected. This could lead to
serious deterioration in patient's health and in some cases death.
While EHR's can do many things and capture a lot of data, the one thing that they don't do is
capture data on how many times are they used or whats their rate of effective use in every day
health care operations. Since the purpose of EHRs is to make the health care organisation more
efficient, reduce errors. streamline and pass on information between different departments,
improve compliance and reporting standards, its important that health care organisations and
their staff use them in everyday operations. Capturing the CPOE or Computerised Physician
Order Entry would help bridge the gap in digitisation.
EHR's should have an inbuilt list of insurance vendors to help the health care organisation get an
on the spot over view of the patient's insurance coverage without contacting the insurance
company manually over the phone. There two major types of insurance service providers in the
health care organisation. Cashless insurance and reimbursement driven insurance. Having this
inbuilt into the EHR will help the health care organisation speed up the billing and the
registration process for the patient.
Trend #2 The usage of Leapfrog's Hospital Quality and Safety Survey Results to benchmark
hospital performance
Leapfrog measures , rates and audits hospitals on the following metrics
- The degree of success and usage of CPOE systems orComputerised physician order entry, its
similar to EHR systems. Electronic Health Records or EHR's are digitized patient records &
medical history that can be updated on a real time basis and reviewed.Interoperability is an
EHR's ability to operate, communicate and receive and input patient data, test results, live
diagnostics, etc. Its important in an EHR system implementation because without the integration,
EHR's could face the following issues.
- Average Rate of Early Elective Deliveries : Elective deliveries is a delivery where the
physician with the consent of the patient or the mother chooses to deliver the baby ahead of
schedule for eg a cesarean is an Early Elective Delivery. The lower the rate of Early Elective
Delivery, the better.
- Number of Hospitals Meeting Leapfrog’s Standard for Newborn Bilirubin Screening : Its a
component in the blood. and this metric measures the number of hospitals who were able to
detect new born babies bilirubin screening rate.
- Number of Hospitals Meeting Leapfrog’s Standard for High-Risk Deliveries : Leapfrog has set

3. certain metrics that set the global standards for high risk deliveries where the risk to the mother
and the baby are significantly reduced and well mitigated.
- Percentage of Hospitals Meeting ICU Physician Staffing Standard :
If a bulk of the hospitals resources and staff are directed towards general health care then the
hospital will only have a skeletal staff for its Acute Health Care unit and this could effect the
delivery of acute health care or the volume of patients we could admit in acute health care units.
To optimise profits the health care organisation is not over staffed or does not have a lot of room
for buffer staffs (additional staff in case of emergency or over flow flow of patients or low
staffing during vacation and holiday hours ). The volume of acute health care delivery could be
significantly effected and many patients who need high priority health care could go under or un
served. This would not only effect the patients but also the economics and the reputation of the
health care organisation. This metrics measures the % of hospitals meeting staffing standards.
It's impact on the effective leadership and management of a hospital or health care organization
Hospitals will need to adhere to leap frogs to charge the prices they command, Other wise such a
metric would quickly reduce information asymmetry among consumers and then hospitals would
begin to loose consumers. The only way to ensure that hospitals meet these metrics is to set aside
a budget for change management, have more internal and external audits and invest in improving
the quality of health care they provide.
Trend #3 Reskilling Nurses to subsitute Registered Nurses when necessary
One way of bringing down observation costs is to train Registered Nurses to administer post
transplant care and allow physicians to make rounds or visits in order to ensure that observation
costs stay low for the health care facility. This is primarily because physician costs are relatively
higher than RN (Registered Nurse's) costs.
It's impact on the effective leadership and management of a hospital or health care organization.
Since health care organisations experience a high degree of time constrain and staffing shortage
issues. the care delivery model delegates the various tasks involved in nursing to different types
of Nurses. A lot of nurses perform administrative. regular health checks ups jobs like providing
medicine. checking up with the patients etc and the RN's or the registered nurses come in to
administer the primary care of the patient. This helps them save a lot of time that otherwise
would have been lost in mundane day to day tasks that were not directly related to care delivery.