This Chapter Will Describe About The Software Requirements...

This chapter will describe about the software requirements...
This chapter will describe about the software requirements and specifications of the HBScan application. This will cover about the purpose, scope,
references, overall description, functional and non–functional requirements, user classes and characteristics, and operating environment. Those topics
will be discuss further in next section.
4.2 PURPOSE
The purport of this document is to present a detailed description of the HBScan. It will explicate the purport and features of the application, what the
application will does, the constraints under which it must operate and how the application will react to external stimuli. This document is intended for
both the stakeholders and the developers of the application. University students are ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This application is a thoroughly independent application for Android contrivances. The application will be a lightweight and minimal application that
relies on system and database information to be processed and sent to the application for displaying. The only functional dependencies are on the
Google Maps API.
4.5.2 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION
This section outlines the use cases for each of the active readers separately.
4.5.2.1 User Use Case
1) User use case diagram: Figure 1: User use case
2)Brief description:
User can scan the barcode of the product using the scanner app and retrieve the information from the database. User also can view the information
about the product. User can update the database from the internet and share it through Facebook.
4.5.3 USER CLASSES AND CHARACTERISTIC
The early user will be the students of Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris who have Android devices. When the application is fully release, the scope
will change to all android users. The more people using this applications, the bigger database that need to be construct. The product of this application
will be only the lawful product certifie with JAKIM only. The product that not on the list will be considered as now permitted product.
4.6 OPERATING ENVIRONMENT
The application will run on all current versions of the

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Client Technology Tracking System Essays
Client Technology Tracking System (CTTS)
System Analysis and Design
[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document
here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.]
2011
Client Technology Tracking System (CTTS)
System Analysis and Design
[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document
here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.]
2011
Table of Contents Executive Summary2 Company Overview3 Section 1: Methods and Procedure5 Methods5 The ... Show more content on
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This kind of situation seems to happen almost every day. Anna suggests a company wide database that would store this kind of information. (Exhibit
A–1) * Meeting between Anna Kelly (analyst/programmer), Kathy Grey (receptionist/bookkeeper), Doug Drake (system integrator), and Ben Logan
(IT consultant). * How things are currently handled at the company are covered. (Exhibit A–2)
For illustrating the results of the fact finding and problem formulation we used Problem Statements matrices, Problems, Opportunities, Objectives, and
Constraints Matrices etc. For the analysis and design of the new system, we used DFDs (context diagram, diagram 0), use case diagram and use case
narratives, ERD and interface design. The DFDs and ERD diagram are designed using Microsoft Visio 2007, and the interfaces are designed using
visual studio 2008. * Problem Statement Matrix * * Problems, Opportunities, Objectives, Constraints Matrix * Cause and effect analysis is a technique
in which problems are studied to determine their cause and effects * Use–Case Glossary * List of Use–Cases 1. Use Case – A behaviorally related
sequence of steps (scenario), both automated and manual, for the purpose of completing a single business task. Description of system functions from

the perspective of external users in terminology they understand.
* Use–Case Model

Different Methods Of Collaboration
Activities: An activity represents the performance of some behavior in the workflow. Transitions: Transitions are used to show the passing of the flow
of control from activity to activity. They are typically triggered by the completion of the behavior in the originating activity. Decision points: When
modeling the workflow of a system it is often necessary to show where the flow of control branches based on a decision point. The transitions from a
decision point contain a guard condition, which is used to determine which path from the decision point is taken. Decisions along with their guard
conditions allow you to show alternate paths through a work flow. 10. Identification of analysis classes 1) use–case driven approach One of the... Show
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In this case, we know from the use case diagram that the traveler is the actor for this use case. The use case description tells us that traveler search
for the flight by giving arrival and departure city. The objective of the use case search flight is allowing the user to search for flights First begin by
picking out from the description all the important things or concepts in the application domain. Our first list might include traveler, airline database,
and user database. But we are only interested in those about which the system must store some information or knowledge in order to achieve its
objectives. The traveler will be modeled as an actor. For the purposes of this particular use case, it is unlikely the system will need to encapsulate
any further knowledge about the actor. The collaboration diagram for the above use case. Collaboration is between individual object instances, not
between classes. This is shown in the diagram by the convention of writing a colon before the class name, which indicates that this is an anonymous
instance of the class, rather than the class itself. Messages between classes are shown by arrows, and their sequence is indicated by the number
alongside. In this example, these are not yet labeled, although some those that can be most easily related to the use case description will probably soon
be given names that correspond to responsibilities of the class to which the message is

SOF 535 Chocoholics Anonymous Report Te Essay
Chocoholics Anonymous
Team ProtГ©gГ©
Thomas P. Vande Zande
Padma Rilapur
Sravani Tadimeti
Tenaaz Aqthari Syed Muneer
Stratford University SOF 535
Professor Butu
December 6, 2014
Abstract *Enter abstract here*
Chocoholics Anonymous
While assessing the needs of the Chocoholics Anonymous organization our team agreed unanimously that we wanted to gain the most value out of
this project. We first sat down and decided our approach for how to handle this project in the most professional and business simulating way possible.
During this sit down we agreed to treat this project like a real business venture. For that we would use a hybrid approach that consisted of some project
management techniques as well as agile software ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These use cases would drive the goals of the project and our general though and planning process to the user interface.
User Experience
We found that as we defined the use cases we began immediately thinking about how the use cases would look as a user interface and user
experience. The user experience is an important piece to the overall puzzle of creating software. According to blog writer Dmitry Fadeyev "a good
user interface needs to be clear, concise, familiar, responsive, consistent, attractive, efficient, and forgiving (Fadeyev, 2009)." When we set out to
come up with a mocked user interface we talked about what items would make these graphics easy to understand. As well what would make them
pop on the page or whatever would display them. For this we came up with a decent mocked set of graphics in html to emulate what the user would
see in the interface for the application. This set of mocked up graphics would prove to be attractive, consistent, and even familiar. The other items on
the list such as responsiveness, efficiency, and forgiveness would have to be realized after the actual development itself was accomplished.
The screen shots in Appendix E clearly show the basic principals we attempted to mock/create. We knew that a basic drop

Concepts Of A Software Engineering Organization
RUP Concepts ExplanationExample
Role–shows the responsibilities and behavior of an individual
–Set of individuals working together as a team, within the context of a software engineering organization.–Analysts
–Project Manager
–Testers
–Designers
–Reviewers
Activity–Describes a piece of work a worker performs
–is something that a role does which provides a meaningful result in making the project–Staff the project
–Review the design
–Object design
–Detail a use case Artifact–is basically a work product of the process: roles use artifacts to perform activities, and produce artifacts in the course of
performing activities –Request For Proposal
–Software Requirements Specification
–Software Development Plan
– ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
–Rational purify tool mentor
–Rational SoDA tool mentor
–Rational process workbench tool mentor
Workflow–is a sequence of activities that produces a result of observable value.
–Specifies a set of related activites is performed by which workers producing some artifatcs ,which provide some observable value to the project–For
the requirements analysis , at the first informations are gathered , then analysed , noise is removed then they are specified in the SRS. This is a workflow.
Workflow details–is a grouping of activities that are often performed together to produce a specific result
–gives the details about roles involved, input and output artifacts, and activities performed–In the requirements analysis workflow details are the inputs
from the surveys , interviews and the outputs from the SRS like tracebility matrix etc.
PhaseActivities Milestone

ArtifactsStatus
Inception Formulating the scope of project i.e., capturing the content, requirements and the constraints. Planning and Preparing a business case and the
environment for the project. Establishing the project 's software scope and boundary conditions, the overall cost and schedule for the project and the

Cs 2401 Unit 1
CS 2401: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 1 UNIT 4 DISCUSSION ASSIGNMENT Discuss the 4+1 model of software engineering This is The 4+
1 Model of a systems architecture in year 1995 the person name called Philippe question developed a model that lets architects break down and
look at a system according to five different views and this called the 4 +1 model. When you're trying to look at something a large and complex as
an entire system architecture it's useful to be able to break down the hole in two sets of related parts you can use the 4+1 model to understand the
role that each kind of UML diagram plays in the model that you're creating as a whole as follow– Here the model depicts five use the logical view, the
process view, the physical view, development view and use case view. These views of the system are concurrent and each offers its own
... Show more
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So you could say that logical view describes the system's object model. *Uml diagram that show the logical view include these class diagrams and
class diagrams by the way are by far the most common kind of uml diagrams. you'll be seeing and working with these a lot also state diagrams, object
object diagrams, sequence diagrams, and communication diagrams. Each type of diagram has its own set of function statement definition. Process
view– this describes a system's processes, it shows any communication between those processes, explores what needs to happen inside the system.
Particularly helpful when your system will have a number of simultaneous threads or processes. And uml activity diagrams represent the process view.
Physical View– this models the system execution environment, maps software artifacts onto the hardware that hosts them. *Uml deployment diagrams
are used to model the physical view of a

Programming Based Security Arrangements And Information...
Literature Survey Programming based security arrangements encode the information to keep information from being stolen. In any case, a
malicious program or a hacker may degenerate the information with a specific end goal to make it unrecoverable or unusable. Likewise, encoded
working frameworks can be adulterated by malware from a programmer, making the framework unusable. Equipment based security arrangements
can avoid read and compose access to information and henceforth offers extremely solid insurance against altering and unapproved access. There is
an alternative to software based security which is hardware based. Security tokens, for example, those utilizing PKCS#11 might be more secure
because of the physical access required so as to be bargained. Access is given only when the associated token is matched and the right PIN is
entered (two factor validation). Dongles can be also be utilized by any individual who can increase physical access to it. More current
advancements in technology provide a solution to this problem by offering more security for data. Working of Hardware based Security.Hardware
based security is provided by a gadget which allows a user to create admin privileges through manual actions. The gadget uses biometric
identification to keep malicious users from signing in, logging out, and changing admin privileges. The state of the gadget users is read by the hard
disk controller device. Any illegal access by a hacker or a malicious program is

Ooad Lab Manual
Ex.no: 1 STUDY OF UML DIAGRAMS
Date:
UML DIAGRAMS
There are three classifications of UML diagrams:
Behavior diagrams. A type of diagram that depicts behavioral features of a system or business process. This includes activity, state machine, and use
case diagrams as well as the four interaction diagrams. Interaction diagrams. A subset of behavior diagrams which emphasize object interactions. This
includes communication, interaction overview, sequence, and timing diagrams. Structure diagrams. A type of diagram that depicts the elements of a
specification that are irrespective of time. This includes class, composite structure, component, deployment, object, and package diagrams.
|Diagram ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
| |
|State Machine Diagram |Describes the states an object or interaction may be in, as well as the |Medium |
| |transitions between states. Formerly referred to as a state diagram, state | |
| |chart diagram, or a state–transition diagram. | |
|Timing Diagram |Depicts the change in state or condition of a classifier instance or role |Low |
| |over time. Typically used to show the change in state of an object over time | |
| |in response to external events. | |
|Use Case Diagram |Shows use cases, actors, and their interrelationships. |Medium |
USE CASE DIAGRAM:
A use case diagram is a type of behavioral diagram defined by the Unified Modeling Language (UML). Its purpose is to present a graphical overview
of the functionality provided by a system in terms of actors, their goals– represented as use cases– and any dependencies between those

The Job Of The Analyst
The part of the job of the analyst in identifying a business need that looks interesting and enjoyable to me would be engaging the stakeholders
(organization management, sponsors/champions, and system users among other stakeholders) in identifying the various business requirements. This,
in my view, is one of the crucial areas because it would allow me as an analyst to understanding the state of an existing system and determine how a
new system would impact on the business performance of an organization. Without a clear picture of the business requirements, there is a high
likelihood that a new system would not bring the anticipated results. I would use my interviewing skills to get the different perspectives of the
stakeholders as an initial step in system development. It is clear to me that interviewing, as a method of gathering business requirements, is sometimes
cumbersome and time consuming. However, I am of the view that with the right skills in conducting interviews, an analyst can be able to probe
deeper on issues and challenges of an existing system and the specifications that a new system is expected to meet. I would achieve this through
conducting individual interviews, joint interviews as well as forming focus groups. The part of the job of the analyst in identifying a business need that
looks unenjoyable to me and that which would not suit me would be digging into the financial records to investigate the impact of an existing system
and postulate how a new

Essay On Home Appliance Control System
HOME APPLIANCE CONTROL SYSTEM
1.Introduction3
2.Project Overview3
3.Functional Requirement4
4.Non–Functional Requirement4
4.1Adaptability4
4.2Safety4
5.Use Case Diagram4
5.1Actors5
5.2Use Cases6
6.Class Diagram7
6.1UML Class Diagram and Description8
6.2CRC Cards9
7.Sequence Diagram12

7.1Authentication12
7.2Operate Garage Door13
7.3Operate TV14
7.4Operate Microwave16
Introduction
A home appliance control system (HACS) is a system which provides various services to remotely operate on home appliances, such as microwave
oven, TV, and garage door etc through remote devices such as mobile phone, desktop and palm–top. This document furnishes the Use Case ... Show
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The following figure shows the use case diagram of the HACS system from the end user point of view.
[pic]
1 Actors
1. User User refers to the person who has an account and a password, can log in on HACS, and operate home appliances remotely by HACS.
2. Admin Admin is a kind of user who has special rights, for example Add/Remove Device and Add/Remove Remote System, other than basic
operations.
3. Device Device refers to computer embedded home appliances that could be added onto HACS, configured, and operated remotely.
4. TV TV is a special home appliance that has several operations, such as turn on, turn off, increase volume, decrease volume, and change channel,
which can be operated remotely.
5. Garage door Garage door is a special home appliance that has operations of opening and closing to be manipulated remotely.
6. Microwave Microwave is a special home appliance that has several operations, such as setting command, setting timer, starting, and so on, that can be
operated remotely.
7. Remote System Remote System refers to system that has wireless connection. It can be added onto HACS system, configured with HACS, and

communicate with HACS.
8. Palm–top Palm–top is a special remote system.
9. Cell phone Cell phone is a special remote system.
10. Emergency Department Emergency Department is a public department that can help if

A Conceptual Model of an Erp System Using Uml
A Conceptual Model Of An ERP System Using UML Madhurima1(Lecturer), Madhulika (Lecturer) Apeejay College of Engineering, Gurgaon1 Flat
No.306, kaveri apptt.,GH–4,Sec–21D, Faridabad–121001 Mob no. 09350350814,E–mail–10madhurima@gmail.com Apeejay College of Engineering,
Gurgaon madhulikabhatia@gmail.com Abstract–In today's competitive and ever changing environment every business demands paperless operations, a
wireless communication of a result of fully transparent and automated operations of all centers in an integrated and coordinated manner taking care of
the business, actions and decision demands. For this reason an Enterprise wide management support is needed. The Enterprise Resource planning is a
way by which we can assess the... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
For creating models we need to have certain process other than the use of UML itself. We can use any tool depending upon the application. Notation
guide is available for any references. 2.2UML ARCHITECTURE Software Architecture is made up of concurrent multiple views. UML provides a
dynamic view of the system. It has 4+1 view architecture. (Fig. 1) [1]. The 4+1 views allow developer to comprehend a complex system in terms of its
essential characteristics. The views of the system architecture are not completely independent. Elements of one view are connected to elements in other
views. [3] Figure.1 4+1 View Architecture of UML The Logical view of the system describes the functional requirements of the system i.e. what the
system should provide in terms of services to its users [2]. The Logical Architecture is described with the help of class diagrams statechart diagrams.
This view has a Main Diagram by default. Additional diagrams can be added through out the analysis and design process. [7] Implementation view
describes the actual software module organization within the development environment. The modeling elements in this view are Packages and
components with their connections [2]. This view contains the information about the software, executable and library components for the system. This
view contains only component diagrams. The component view contains a Main diagram by default.

The Unified Modeling Language ( Uml )
The Unified Modeling language (UML) is defined in the Software Engineering as a form of defining the design of the system. It is a way to
envision the system architecture in the form of a diagram. The paper discusses about the genesis of UML modeling and the forms of diagrams
which are used in the UML modeling based on the survey conducted on various employees based on their skill set and level of experience in the
software engineering field. Now we will go through each aspect of the UML modeling and try to derive conclusions on how far was UML
modeling has been able to penetrate into day to day activities of this field and also discuss about the complexities associated with each components
of the UML modeling as well as pros and cons. UML is powerful modeling language by which we can develop many diagrams which are user
ready.UML can be used in web and commercial applications etc.UML is used to visualize, construct and to make a note of the software systems. In the
beginning it was only used for the object oriented documentation and it can be also applied in the visualization of certain systems for elements such as
discrete components in a system and their interaction and user interaction. The UML contains many diagrams which are used to envision a system
architecture. In UML the diagrams are divided into two types mainly1)Structural UML diagrams and 2)Behavioral UML diagrams . The Structural
UML diagrams contain class diagram, composite diagram, component diagram,

Model Driven Development Of Real Time And Distributed...
Model–Driven Development of Real–Time and Distributed Software SYSC–5708 (Department of Systems and Computer Engineering) PROJECT
REPORT FALL 2014 Prof. Dorina C. Petriu Submitted by: TARANJEET SINGH #7212973 ELEVATOR SYSTEM MODELLING USING UML
INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT In this project a descriptinve UML modelling for an elevator control system is depicted. Elevator system can
be considered as an real time embedded system and hence the object oriented concepts of UML can be exploited. Although the current object–oriented
analysis and design methods focus only on the software of a system which might be troublesome for a real time system merely because of more
comprehensive and intellegent approach that it requires. Some of the real time aspects that needs to be considered are : 1. Modeling of the network
2. Time constraints 3. Definition of task and task communication 4. Definition of hardware elements and their characteristics However, UML can be
used to define and analyse a real time features of a complex system and can somewhat address the above mentioned aspects. In order to describe the
modelling from the hardware and software side, we have made use of three different views to model the structure of the system namely object
construction and the software structure view which plays role to describe the software architecture of the system and the third one is the system
architecture view which represents the system hardware and

Examples Of Object Oriented Analysis Design
Object Oriented Analysis Design (OOAD) Object Oriental Analysis Design is a hands on approach used to model and create systems as a group
of interacting objects. The term "Object", describes a form of entity or "thing" of concern. Objects are typically modeled after real world entities or
concepts. For the business analyst, examples of objects may range from; invoice, product, contract, etc. Objects usually contain attributes that can be
set to specific values. With Object Oriented Approach to system design, it tries to lessen the impact of problems by combining related data and
functions into the same module. Objects In the real world can be characterized by two things; data and behavior. For example, a television is an
object and possess data in the sense that it is tuned to a particular channel, the scan rate is set to a certain value, the contrast and brightness is a
particular value and so on. The television object can also "do" things. The television can switch on and off, the channel can be changed, and so on.
Below is a graphical representation of a single object and its characteristics:... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"During the object–oriented analysis (OOA) phase object–modeling techniques are used to analyze the functional requirements for a system and create
models which reflect the logical design of the system. During the object–oriented design (OOD) phase of the system, models are elaborated upon to
include implementation specific details that show how the physical design of the system will come together. OOA focuses on what the system does (its
static structure and behavior), OOD on how the system does it (its run–time implementation)."

Taking a Look at Enterprise Architect UML Tool
Quiz 2: Tool Template 1.Full title or Brief Description: Enterprise Architect is a UML tool developed by SparxSystems. It is visual and powerful
UML design tool. It is integrated environment with additional functionalities to user. 2.Technical Specification and Platform Requirements: Enterprise
Architect runs on Windows platform without any extra software requirement. Extra software is needed to run Enterprise Architect on Linux
operating system. Windows operating system: 1.Windows operating system. 2.Minimum 128 MB RAM to run application. 3.175 MB hard disk to
store files. 4.1024 * 768 or higher resolution display. Linux operating system: 1.Linux kernel 2.4 or new version. 2.Crossover software. 2.1.Download
and install Crossover. 2.2.Under Crossover menu select 'install windows software' and locate Enterprise Architect. 2.3.Change the installer to
setup.exe. 3.64 MB RAM. 4.174 MB free hard disk space. 5.1024 * 768 or higher resolution display. 3.URL: Downloaded from: http:/
/www.sparxsystems.com/products/ea/trial.html. 30 days trial version is available. Documentation of tool is available on Sparx systems website. In
overview section on website, features of tool are described. Release history, different editions of tool, license information and user guide is also
available. 4.Introduction: Enterprise Architect is a visual platform for designing and constructing software systems. The purpose of the

Uml Usage And Standardizing Its Guidelines
UML usage and standardizing its guidelines. Name – Sriram.UdayKumar Id # 700622897 SUMMARY Unified modeling language came into being in
the mid 90's, it is combination of many object oriented (OO) software methods. This language is widely accepted as modeling standard for OO
software development. OMG (Object Management Group, www.omg.org) group took the responsibility of taking care of the progress of this language.
Many people invested their time and articulated the concepts of this language, this is a not a methodology but a programming language hence
guidelines are not base lined. Though this language is widely accepted there is very little information of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To keep this article more precise only 6 of 9 UML diagrams are emphasized here; namely, Use case Class Activity Collaboration Sequence
Statechart Use case narrative diagram in additional to these 6 above mentioned diagrams Object diagram is more like class diagram hence it is
eliminated along with Component and development diagrams. From the survey results, 117 responses were useful and mentioned UML was used
in their projects, and 11 respondents cited UML also being used along with other OO methodologies. On an average of 27 projects, 6.7 used UML and
average of 15 years 4.7 used UML in IT. UML project budget was $1000000, 6.5 resources–year and contained about 50,000 lines of code. From the
survey responses below is the diagram that shows UML components usage: Diagram 1: UML Component Usage Based upon the survey each
component's utilization is showcased , few claimed using 2/3rd or more of the components in their projects, few never used it and few said it
provided more information, from the table it is so evident that Use case narrative component doesn't provide any new information. Though UML is
represented as use case driven, class diagram is widely used cause 73% as per the survey respondents said they used class diagram in 2/3rd of their
project and 90% respondents felt it provided new

Types And Categories Of Requirements
2)Describe the Types and Categories of Requirements. Discuss the Requirements Artifacts that are offered in the Unified Process. Requirements are
categorized as functional and non–functional. Functional (behavioral) requirements identifies/recognize the actions that are required to complete the
user goals. For example, for a receptionist to create an appointment for the patient, he/she must take numbers of steps, such as logging into the system
by providing appropriate ID/password, find patient in the system, select date/time/doctor for appointment, saves the appointment etc. One of the best
ways of documenting functional requirements are use case. Functional requirements are what the user expects from the system/software. For example
if the system is to schedule an appointment for patient, then that system should be able to create a new appointment, edit/modify the existing
appointment, cancel/delete an existing appointment, etc. Basically, functional requirements defines what a system is meant to do and on the other
hand, non–functional requirements defines how a system is supposed to be. Non–functional requirements are not related to the functionality of the
product/system. It defines the qualities around the system (FURPS+ model) and not the specific behavior of a given system. In the Unified Process,
requirements are categorized as FURPS+ model which means functional, usability, reliability, performance and supportability. "+" in FURPS+ are sub
factors such as

Uml Lab Manual
OOAD THROUGH UML LAB MANUAL K MALLIKHARJUNA RAO Asst. Professor Department of MCA Gokaraju Rangaraju Institute of
Engineering and Technology Bachupally, Hyderabad– 500072 Contents 1. 2. 3. 4. Introduction Class Diagrams Object Diagrams Interaction Diagrams
i. Sequence Diagrams ii. Collaboration Diagrams 5. Behavioral Modeling i. Use case Diagrams 6. Activity Diagrams 7. Advanced Behavioral
Modeling i. State Chart Diagrams 8. Architectural Modeling i.Component Diagrams ii.Deployment Diagrams Introduction In late 1960's people were
concentrating on Procedure Oriented Languages such as COBOL, FORTRAN, PASCAL...etc. Later on they preferred Object Oriented Languages. In
the middle of 1970–80 three... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
– Define a society of roles and other elements. – Provide cooperative behavior. – Capture structural and behavioral dimensions. – UML uses
вЂ—patternвЂ– as a synonym (careful) Name Behavior 4.Use Case – – – – A sequence of actions that produce an observable result for a specific
actor. A set of scenarios tied together by a common user goal. Provides a structure for behavioral things. Realized through a collaboration (usually
realized by a set of actors and the system to be built). Place order 5. Active Class – Special class whose objects own one or more processes or threads.
– Can initiate control activity. Heavy border Name Attributes Operations Event Manager Thread Time Suspend () Flush () 6. Component Replaceable
part of a system. Components can be packaged logically. Conforms to a set of interfaces. Provides the realization of an interface. Represents a physical
module of code 7. Node Element that exists at run time. Represents a computational resource. Generally has memory and processing power.
Orderform.java Web Server Construct Description Syntax class a description of a set of objects that share the same attributes, operations, methods,
relationships and semantics. interface a named set of operations that characterize the behavior of an element. component a physical, replaceable part of
a system

Assign1
Chapter 1 – From Beginning to End: An Overview of Systems Analysis and Design
Overview
As explained in the preface, the sixth edition of Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World is a a completely new and innovative approach
to teaching systems analysis and design. The intent of this new approach is to provide a much more example based learning opportunity. As such the
entire first chapter is an example of a complete development project from beginning to end. Obviously, in a single chapter example, not every step is
elaborated. However, by going through the entire process, students will be able to obtain a broad overview and a clear perspective of the entire
development process.
The chapter first introduces several basic ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
requirements, (2) define a solution, (3) work in a team to build the solution and (4) launch the application so that it is in productive use.
Systems Development Life Cycle
Key Terms project–a planned undertaking that has a beginning and an end, and that produces some definite result
Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC)–the entire process consisting of all the activities required to build, launch, and maintain an information
system information systems development process–the actual approach used to develop a particular information system
Agile Development–an information systems development process that emphasizes flexibility to anticipate new requirements during development
Notes
The second section in this chapter is an explanation of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC). The SDLC defines all the activities required
to develop a new system. There are many different versions of the SDLC. This section distills out six core process required for the development of
any new system. In other words, these six core process are common to all types of SDLCs. By understanding these six core processes, students will
not only be able to develop new systems effectively, but they will be able to adapt to any other SDLC that they may encounter in industry. The six
core processes are: [Note: These six core processes are used throughout the textbook.] 1. Identify the problem or need and obtain approval to proceed.
2. Plan and monitor the project–what

Quality Assurance. Quality Assurance Approach. White Box
Quality Assurance
Quality Assurance Approach
White box testing approach is used to ensure the quality of the components in the web application. This is essentially done by the developers who have
implemented the requirements and have knowledge of the functionality. In addition, during the iterative development the business analysts who have
written the business use case are also involved in this white box testing when the component is fully implemented. This quality control process
eventually leads to assurance of quality. The QA process also verifies all documents are available in the project repository. This includes the versioned
project plan, weekly bug lists i.e. open and closed bugs, enhancement request that need to go through ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The record is maintained in a tabular format and the corrective actions are planned to create new revisions of the project artifacts. If the requirements
were not met as expected by the use cases, then the revision is part of the iterative development. If the formative evaluation results in changes to the
original requirement, then the change is processed through the change control management plan. For example, one of the requirement mentioned that
the time zone option list should show up only if the transfer reason was time zone change. While this passed the unit test during formative testing, the
business user then realized, the service request could have a different reason like manager discretion and still need time zone alignment. So, the
business user created a change request to remove the dependency of showing the time zone option list and instead show it all the time.
Another change was made to the notification message in case of rejection of a transfer request. The business user, during formative testing, realized
that a message of rejection sounds demoralizing, so it was decided to change the message to indicate that the request has been closed as it needs more
information. The idea was to soften the blow of not doing what the engineer wanted. Since this was a minor change in text, it was incorporated without
additional budgeting.
Summative Evaluation Plan
At the end of the project,

Unified Modeling Language ( Uml ) For Database Systems And...
Unified Modeling Language (UML) for Database Systems and Computer Applications Abstract This paper shows the ideas of database frameworks and
also the outline of the utilization of Brought together Demonstrating Dialect (UML) as a standard documentation of true protests in creating item
situated configuration procedure for PC applications. The UML is a device for determining programming frameworks that incorporate institutionalized
charts to characterize outline and outwardly guide or model a product framework 's configuration and structure. UML graphs incorporate the utilization
case outline, class chart, grouping graph, state diagram graph, movement chart, segment chart, and sending graph. The incorporation of these graphs to
distinctive programming methods has been examined. Keywords: android, android platform, SQLite database 1. Introduction The initial phase in
building up an article situated outline approach for PC applications and in addition for database frameworks is the utilization of UML (Bound together
Demonstrating Dialect) as a standard documentation for the displaying of true questions. Programming frameworks originators and engineers are given
numerous decisions for giving solid, adaptable and effective article constancy for PC applications and database frameworks. They could pick between
Item Arranged, Object–Social cross breeds, unadulterated Social and custom arrangements taking into account open or exclusive record groups. UML
is viewed as an

Application Of Unified Modeling Language
ASSIGNMENT–3 Summary some developers like Jacobson et al, Rumbaugh et al, Booch developed competing object oriented software engineering
methods. Unified modeling language (UML) is developed in mid 1990s by combining such previously developed software engineering methods.
Object management group(OMG) took control of UML formal evolution in to its hand. It is largely used as it is considered as a modeling standard
for object oriented software development. Some books, articles and contributions are done by the researchers for defining various aspects of the
software and guidelines on how to use this language. It is important to remember that UML is a language not a methodology, so that we cannot have
consistent guidelines. They even did a examination on unified modeling language because of its widely acceptance. They even got little evidence on the
level and nature of unified modeling language use. There study included seven unified modeling language components which are used in system
analysis and design. Which addressed three key questions they are firstly, to what extent and purposes can unified modeling language analysis
components can be used. secondly, does the complexity of the language is due to the differences in the levels of component use and do such differences
exist or not?.thirdly, do UML is successful in establishing proper communication between the software

Ict 231 Exam Marking Guide
PART 1– Multiple Choice (25 MARKS) Each item has one correct answer. Mark your answers to questions 1 to 50 on the computer answer sheet.
1.____ is the process of understanding and specifying in detail what an information system should accomplish. a. Systems design b.Automation
c.Systems analysis d.Strategic planning 2.The ______ is an object–oriented system development methodology offered by IBM's Rational Software.
a.Unified Process b.structured system c.class diagram d.entity–relationship diagram 3.A(n) ____ to development is used when the exact requirements
of a system or the users' needs are not well understood. a.systems development life cycle b.adaptive approach c.predictive approach d.... Show more
a presentation table d.a decision table 21.Things that an object can do and that correspond to functions that act on the object's data are known as:
a.actors b.classes c.actions d.methods 22.A set of objects that share the same attributes and behaviours is known as a(n): a.class b.method c.operation
d.actor 23.In a class diagram a multiplicity of zero or more would be designated by: a.0..* b.0–* c.a crow's foot d.a 0 and a vertical line 24.____
diagrams are used during design to identify various states of the system itself and allowable events that can be processed. a.State machine b.System
sequence c.Use case d.Class 25.Which use case relationship is used to model the relationship between a use case and an actor? a.association b.extends
c.uses d.inheritance 26.Which of the following is an example of a tangible benefit? a.improved customer goodwill b.increased profit c.improved
employee morale d.better decision–making 27.____ is the outsourcing of the entire data processing and information support capability for an entire
organization. a.Enterprise management b.Program management c.Resource management d.Facilities management 28.A simple technique for
determining if and when an investment will pay for itself is known as: a.schedule investment analysis b.return on investment (ROI) c.payback analysis
d.net present value 29.A ______ is

Uml Designs
INDEX 1. Unified modeling language 2. Use case Introduction 3. Use case diagram a. Use case of ATM machine b. Use case of Library
management c. Use case of Railway Reservation System 4. Class introduction 5. Class diagram a. Class diagram of collage management system b.
Class diagram of Hospital Management system c. Class diagram of Library management system 6. Interactive diagram Introduction 7. Interactive
diagram a. Interactive diagram for ATM machine b. Interactive diagram for Library Management system c. Interactive diagram for Railway
Reservation system 8. Collaboration introduction 9. Collaboration diagram a. Collaboration diagram for ATM machine b. Collaboration diagram for
Library machine c. Collaboration diagram for Railway... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The following are behavioral things K ti I stitut h i P 4 ВҐ В¤ ВЈВў 3. Co abora ion: – It de ВЎ es inte action between elements. Roll
No:_____________________ OOAD LAB 1. Interaction: – It is defined as a behavior that consists of a group of message exchanged among elements
to accomplish a specific tas . message © 2. State machine: – It is useful when the states of an object in its life cycle. It defines the se uence of states
and object goes through in response to events. c) Grouping Things: They can be defined as a mechanism to group elements of UML model together.
There is only one grouping thing available i.e., Package. Package is used for gathering structural and behavioral things. d) Annotational Things:– They
can be defined as a mechanism to capture remarks, description and comments of UML model elements. There is only one annotational thing available
i.e., Note. Note is used to render comments, constraints and so on of a UML element. K ti I stitut h i P 5 Roll No:_____________________ OOAD
LAB Relationships: The relationship is another most important building block of UML. They show how elements are associated with each other and
their association describes the functionality of application. There are 5 types of relationships. They are, 1. Dependency: It is a relationship between two
things in which change in one element also affects another. 2.

Requirements And Scope Of Application
CHAPTER 6
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
SPECIFICATION (SRS IS TO BE PREPARED USING RELEVANT MATHEMATICS DERIVED AND SOFTWARE ENGG. INDICATORS IN
ANNEX A AND B)
6.1INTRODUCTION
6.1.1Purpose and Scope of Document
Our software module determines the garbage levels in the bins of a particular location.The main parameters used in our software are the sensor values
and GSM module (for communication).According to that user gets the information where to dump trash and administrator gets the idea which bins
are getting filled faster so according to that more bins can be provided and garbage collection in that area can be accelerated.The goal of our module
is to automate garbage management and keep the city clean and hygienic. 6.1.2Overview of responsibilities of Developer
Building a prototype of an intelligent bin which will continuously monitor the level of garbage present in the bin with the help of sensors. There are two
different types of sensors used in this model:
HX711 sensor : It is present at the bottom of the bin and it will measure the weight of the bin and garbage present in it. This value will be converted to
digital value with the help of an ADC.
HC–SR04 : Used to measure the detect the level of garbage. It works on ultrasonic waves similar to that of a sonar based on proximity the level of
the garbage will be detected. There are multiple sensors installed based on the size of the bin. Using the current positions of the sensors the bin will be
calibrated. The value

Task Descriptions as Functional Requirements Essay
Title –: Task Descriptions as Functional Requirements
Article summary
A software system is built based on the requirements. Therefore requirement elicitation is an important aspect. Functional requirements outline what the
system do in order to achieve its goal. A functional requirement is an action which is performed by user / system to achieve a specific goal. The authors
Marianne Mathiassen and had developed the Tasks & Support method, which uses annotated task descriptions. As per authors using this process
computer and user shall accomplish together without indicating which actor performs. which parts of the tasks. The author claims that with this
approach higher–quality requirements are produced and are faster to produce ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
At delivery time, users will verify the requirements by performing the tasks and variants.
Article Analysis
In this article the author looks at the requirement analysis process by the task. There are similarities in this model and the use case model. However in
the use case model there is always a actor and one or many use cases the actor will perform to achieve the goal.
In the task base model the task is independent of the actor. Output will be the results of the tasks after executing. Further in this model task can be
broken into sub tasks and sub tasks can be executed non sequentially. In use case model the steps have to be executed sequentially. Further as the use
case model the pre conditions which would trigger the task to start must be captured . Moreover the business rules and all the different variants
/ conditions of this tasks can be included.
Further using the task base model , all the variants associated when performing this task can be identified . Moreover new variants can be introduced
and implemented easily. Further it is very good model of capturing the system requirements as the model provides the provision to include quantifiable
requirements. Moreover with it is nature of being close to the user's / stake holder's day to day operations , is to identify gaps and include any missing
, inaccurate requirements.
Talk with the individuals or teams that perform selected tasks to identify both

How Uml Is Used A Standard For Modeling
How UML Is Used
Student ID: 700623304
Name: Nitin Kumar Reddy, Chinthaparthi Muduganti
Summary:–
The "Unified Modeling Language", in the area of software engineering is referred to a standard notation of modeling language". For Object oriented
development, UML is approved as a standard for modeling. According to software engineering, "Unified Modeling Language" is a language but not a
methodology. UML is a graphical language which includes a set of charts and diagrams for depicting programming frameworks. The key aim of UML
is to design and document the software or the system. The UML has evolved in the mid of 1990's with the combination of thee competitive approaches
of Object Oriented methodologies, which were formulated by Grady Booch, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
UML consists of several diagrams which are used in developing the project or software. Among those 6 diagrams are used frequently to develop the
software. Use case diagram is the representation of the interaction between the customer or the user with the system or product. Class diagram shows
the architecture of the software by determining the classes used in the system. Activity diagrams are the pictorial notation of the steps which are
followed in developing the system. Collaboration diagram shows the interaction between the objects and classes of the system. Sequence diagram
defines the steps involved in the project and in which order they should occur. State chart diagrams are typically used to define the properties of the
software. Object diagram is alike to the class diagram, which concentrates on the attributes and classes of the product. Component diagram shows how
small chunks of components are combined unitedly to form a bigger component of the product. Deployment diagram depicts how the system should
deploy and where the deployment should be done.
But the three diagrams "Object, Component and Deployment" diagrams are not included in the research conducted by the OMG group, as they are not
used frequently and to keep the research at a lower level. The Group OMG corresponded to support the research and informed every member of the
project. People who have reached the group in person got encouragement to contribute the link with different users

Essay On Unified Modeling Language
The Unified Modeling language (UML) was released by the Object Management Group (OMG) in the effort to provide a standardized design
language to build and develop computer applications. The purpose of the design language is to allow IT professionals to distribute system structure
and design plans in a comprehensible graphical manner, similar to blueprints of a building. Modeling is an important part of software projects, large
and small. With modeling, the software development team are better able to work with the end–user in providing a visual program design. Surveys
reveal that the development of large software applications have many impediments and have a large probability of failure. Modeling provides a greater
opportunity for... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The use–case diagram's purpose is to help development teams visualize the functional requirements of a system, including the relationship of
"actors" (human beings who will interact with the system) to essential processes, as well as the relationships among different use cases. The class
diagram shows how the different entities (people, things, and data) relate to each other. The Sequence diagrams is almost self explanatory, it
shows a detailed flow for a specific use case or even just part of a specific use case. The statechart diagram models the different states that a class
can be in and how that class transitions from state to state. Activity diagrams show the procedural flow of control between two or more class objects
while processing an activity. A component diagram provides a physical view of the system. Its purpose is to show the dependencies that the software
has on the other software components (e.g., software libraries) in the system. The deployment diagram shows how a system will be physically
deployed in the hardware environment. Its purpose is to show where the different components of the system will physically run and how they will
communicate with each other. Two main criticisms of UML is whether diagrams are needed at all, and during what stage of thesoftware development
process they should be used, also, the frequency of any updates of the diagrams. The other is that the UML diagrams just lack the detail

The Unified Modeling Language ( Uml )
Avinash Mallireddy #700626589 Article Review The Unified Modeling Language (UML) may be a graphical language for visualizing, specifying,
constructing, and documenting the artifacts of software–intensive systems. UML provides parts and functions to support the need of complicated
systems. UML follows the item destined ideas and methodology. Therefore object destined systems square measure typically sculpt risquГ©
mistreatment the pictorial language. The UML has a vital role during this Object Oriented analysis and style, The UML diagrams square measure
wont to model the look. That the UML has a vital role to play. UML may be a most helpful methodology of mental image and documenting software
system systems style. UML uses... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
UML Notations: UML notations are the foremost necessary components in clay sculpture. Economical and acceptable use of notations is improbably
necessary for making a complete and meaty model. The example is useless unless its purpose is described properly. So learning notations need to be
strained from the really start. Only completely different notations are for things and relationships. And additionally the UML diagrams are created
practice the notations of things and relationships. Extensibility is another necessary feature that creates UML plenty of powerful and versatile. UML
Advantages: The UML is going to be utilized to model concerning any kind of application, running on any character and combination of hardware,
software, language, and network, in UML. Built upon the Microsoft operative Framework (MOF) Meta model for object adjusted modeling. UML
Profiles facilitate to model Transactional, Real–time, and Fault–Tolerant systems in a passing natural approach. This contains a capability to induce
check scripts except stub code once integrated with integrated development network. The reverse engineering support, UML regenerate vogue level
artifacts in accordance with the changes you created to the structure of sophistication relationship. It explains the concepts like business modeling,
enterprise style and OOAD. To grasp the UML model, one needn 't grasp

Summary And Critique : How Uml Is Used
Summary and Critique : How UML is used Summary: Unified Modeling Language is used in the field of Software Engineering which depicts the
view and documentation of a software system. The UML diagram helps in code generation but much information is lost in code generation. It
uses object oriented design concepts. This was proposed by Grady Booch, Ivar Jacobson and James Rumbaugh. The paper provides the statistics
and usage of UML in various phases of Software Development. The Client Involvement with UML components is presented and analyzed. The
paper discusses how the UML is used and its extent of use and how successful in implementing it. UML has nine types of diagrams out of which
six diagrams are considered in researching. The paper considered only 6 out of 9 of which they are Use Case, Collaboration, Activity, Sequence,
State chart, Class Diagrams and Use Case narratives are used to survey. The Object diagram is closely related to Class Diagram. The Deployment
and Component Diagram used in architecture modeling are removed from the survey as they are less relevant. The Survey results states respondents
involving in an average of 27 projects about 6.2 using UML over an average 15 year career in information technology. Half of the UML projects are
not use–case driven. Class Diagrams re most used component. Developers believe that UML diagrams can be understood by clients. Most of the
system analysts and programmers use class and sequence diagrams and use–case narratives.

Building The Web Architecture : Tony's Chips
Building the Web Architecture Tony's Chips needs to understand its business requirements and organizational goals before building a Web architecture
that includes functions such as serving as the back–up site and evaluating alternatives to the company self–hosting site. Tony's Chips must employ
qualified and knowledgeable information technology (IT) staff to manage its Web architecture. In addition, the IT staff needs to integrate past and
current experiences, skills, and knowledge in order to successfully plan, implement, and evaluate for the Web architecture. Tony's Chips needs to
consider hiring consultants who can provide its workers with training and development for the implementation of its project. Training and development
are necessary for many purposes such as maintaining or gaining a competitive advantage over its competitors (Nelson, 2010). The project should be
developed on a modular manner to test the functional elements of the website. System analysts collect the existing functional requirements and system
documentation from the old website of the company that is running by using the fact finding techniques. In addition, they will interview the employees
to see what should be modify and update. System analysts are responsibility to select developing the software in house or packed solutions. Moving
Website with Minimal Downtime The company needs to set up a notice on their website about the migration with a specific period of time before the
website is

Applying The 4 + 1 View With Uml
Applying the 4 + 1 View with UML 2
Summary
The (UML) Unified Modeling Language is a general–purpose modeling language in the field of software application design, which is developed to
supply a conventional means to envision the design of a system. It was produced and created by James Rumbaugh, Ivar Jacobson and Grady Booch at
Rational Software during 1994–95 with additional advancement led by them with 1996. In 1997 it was embraced as a basic by the (OMG) Object
Management Group, and has actually been handled by this company since. In 2000 the Unified Modeling Language was likewise approved by the (ISO)
International Organization for Standardization as an authorized ISO specification. Ever since it has actually been regularly modified ... Show more
The timeline reveals the highlights of the past of object–oriented modeling techniques and symbols. It is initially based upon the notations of the Booch
approach, the (OMT) Object–modeling method and (OOSE) Object–oriented software engineering, which it has actually incorporated into a solitary
language.
п‚§UML 2. X
Apparently, the UML 2.0 significant modification switched out version 1.5 in 2005, which was created by a bigger consortium to boost the language
further to mirror brand–new experience on the use of its attributes. Even if UML 2.1 was never ever launched as an official requirement, versions 2.1.1
and 2.1.2 showed up in 2007, adhered to by UML 2.2 in February 2009. UML 2.3 was officially launched in May 2010. UML 2.4.1 was officially
released in August 2011. UML 2.5 was launched in October 2012 as a "Present" version and has yet to come to be formally launched.
There are 4 parts of the UML 2. X spec:.
п‚§The Facilities that define the core meta model on which the Superstructure is based
п‚§The (OCL) Object Constraint Language for specifying guidelines for model aspects
п‚§The UML Layout Interchange that specifies exactly how UML 2 diagram formats are exchanged
п‚§The Superstructure that specifies the symbols and semiotics for diagrams and their design components

п‚§The existing versions of these criteria comply with
UML Superstructure

Nt1310 Unit 2 Team Assignment
The following figure (see Figure A1) shows the concept map task creation use case. An instructor can create a concept map task and name it, add a
concept mapping question to the task, update a question in the task, delete a question from the task and view a question in the task, as well as change
attributes for a question in the task. Figure A1. Creating a concept map task use case diagram
Figure A2 displays the assigning a concept map task use case. When an instructor wants to assign a concept map task, he or she can set some attributes
for the task. For example, the instructor can set task beginning date and due date. The instructor can choose to assign the concept map task to the
registering student ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
A student may interact with the user module and task module to take a concept map task. After registering the knowledge assessment system, the
student logs in the system with valid user name and password and obtains authenticated by the user module, then the student can select a concept map
task which has been assigned to him or her by the instructor, and take the concept map, then submit his or her response. Figure B1 shows how a
student takes a concept map task and submits his or her response. Figure B1. The interaction diagram of taking a concept map task
The interaction for requesting an assessment report for students. A student may interact with the user module, assessment module and report module to
request an assessment report after submitting her or his concept maps. After logging in the system with a valid account, the student can request an
assessment report, and the report module would check whether the assessment report is ready; if not ready, the report module would communicate with
the assessment module to get the auto–assessing results and generate the assessment report, then send the assessment report back, Figure B2 shows how
a student requests an assessment

OOSE 2015 Project Minecraft
OOSE 2015 – Project Marks: п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· 40% of overall marks for module. Project deliverables should be completed in groups of two
(2) people. The main objective of this project is the development of a computer system for a Minecraft Game System. The project is composed of
multiple sections or deliverables. The project work should be carried out in as homework and in specified labs. You may use any diagramming tool
(Rational Rose, Visio, Gliffy, Smartdraw etc.) to carry out the project but the final work must be presented on paper. IBM Rational Rose must be used
to complete at least three deliverables. The full Project needs to be completed and returned to PГЎdraig de Burca on paper by Thursday 9 April 2015
/ Saturday 11 April 2015 as... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(10 Marks) (v) Create a glossary that lists and defines all the terms that require clarification. (5 marks) (vi) Draw a System Sequence diagram from
the conceptual model. (10 Marks) (vii) Develop a Contract for any system operation in the system sequence diagram. (5 marks) (viii) Draw a
Collaboration diagram based on the above contract. The collaboration diagram should demonstrate the use of design patterns. (15 marks) (ix)
Draw a Component diagram for the system. (10 marks) (x) Draw a Deployment diagram for the system. (10 marks) (xi) Presentation (how well
does the package of models look?). (6 marks) (xii) Use of Rational Rose. (9 marks) OOSE Minecraft Project Page 3 Notes UC Modelling Principles
п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· п‚· Relevant Actors are Identified Relevant UC's are identified UC's provide value to the actor UC descriptions are based
on a template The UC is described in great detail The activation is correctly written Mainflow is a sequence of logical transactions The mainflow is
enumerated Alternate flows are described and labelled correctly Class Diagram Concepts The conceptual class diagram should demonstrate the use of
п‚· names from the problem domain as documented in the use case, п‚· attributes and methods, п‚· relationships, п‚· roles, п‚· constraints, п‚·
association class, п‚· multiplicity п‚· composition Principles for Interaction Diagrams and Patterns п‚· п‚· Demonstrate interaction diagrams
collaboration diagrams, sequence diagrams, statechart

A Study Of A Problem Domain Essay
System Analysis is the study of a problem domain to recommend improvements and specify the business requirements and priorities for the solution. It
involves the analyzing and understanding a problem, then identifying alternative solutions, choosing the best course of action and then designing the
chosen solution. It involves determining how existing systems work and the problems associated with existing systems. It is worthy to note that
before a new system can be designed, it is necessary to study the system that is to be improved upon or replaced, if there is any. 3.1 THE EXISTING
SYSTEM 3.1.1 REVIEW OF THEEXISTING SYSTEM Timetabling is the whole process concerned with making a timetable having events arranged
according to a time when they take place which must be subject to the timing constraints of each entity placed in the table. University timetabling in
this context refers to the rigorous task educational center staff in a Federal University Lokoja undergo to draw up timetables that satisfies various
courses that should compulsorily be inherent in the final timetable solution. These courses are usually taught by varied lecturers in different
departments who may also wish to specify some timing constraints on their courses. Given all the courses and course details, the educational center
staff in Federal University Lokoja is charged with the responsibility of creating a near optimal timetable which would serve as a guide for academic
activities in the university.

The Administrator Will Click On `` Send Status `` Option
1. After logging to the system the administrator will click on "send status" option. 2. After a click on above option, the urban officer can see some
request which had been send by the users and then he/she will be sending the status to the system administrator. To model a system the most important
aspect is to take the changing behavior. To make it clear a little in details, changing behavior means the way the system behave when it is running
operating. So only unchanging behavior is not enough to model a system rather active behavior is more important than stationary behavior. In UML
there are five diagrams available to model active nature and use case diagram is one of them. Now as we have to talk about that the use case diagram is
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Class diagram commonly contain the following things: 1. Classes 2. Interfaces 3. Collaborations 4. Dependency, generalization, and association
relationships. The class diagrams are extensively used for the modeling of object oriented systems because they are the only UML diagrams which
can match directly to object oriented language. The class diagram shows a set of classes, interfaces, associations, collaborations and restrictions. It is
called a structural diagram. Description: The class diagram shows the static design view of a system. It shows the relation between classes,
collaborations and interfaces. The system has the following classes. Administrator: This class shows the details of the Administrator. It contains admin
id, password as attributes. It has the operations like Add Officer () Delete Officer() Receiving Requests() Providing Services() User: This class shows
the details of the Administrator. It contains user id, password as attributes. It has the operations like Financial Request() Training Request() Service
Request() Town officer: This class shows the details of the urban officer. It contains the id and password, location as attributes. It has the operations
like Receive Requests () Verification() Specify Status() Training center: This class shows the details of the Training center. It contains the id and
password, location as attributes. It has the

Application Of Uml Using Uml Diagrams Used At Each Stage...
What is the role of UML in the software development process. Give examples of the UML diagrams used at each stage of the software
development process ? The role of UML in the software development process: UML is a standard language for specifying, visualizing, constructing
and documenting the artifacts of software systems. UML is a pictorial language used to make software blue prints. UML is used to model software
systems but it is not limited to that boundary it is also used to model non software systems as well like process flow. We can also generate codes in
various languages using UML diagrams. UML has relation with object oriented analysis and design later it becomes an object management group.
UML diagrams are used to model... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Design of a framework comprises of classes, interfaces and joint effort. UML gives class outline, article chart to bolster this. Implementation
characterizes the parts collected together to make a complete physical framework. UML segment graph is utilized to bolster execution point of
view. Process characterizes the stream of the framework. So the same components as utilized as a part of Design are likewise used to bolster this
point of view. Deployment speaks to the physical hubs of the framework that structures the equipment. UML sending outline is utilized to bolster
this point. Class diagram: Class diagram is basically a graphical representation of the static view of the system and represent the different aspects of
the application. So a collection of class diagrams represent the whole system. Class diagram is likewise considered as the establishment for part and
sending outlines. Class outlines are not just used to envision the static perspective of the framework however they are additionally used to build the
executable code for forward and figuring out of any framework. Generally UML diagrams are not directly mapped with any object oriented
programming languages but the class diagram is an exception. Class diagrams are used for describing the static view of the system and showing the
collaboration among the elements of the static view. Class diagram constructs software applications using object oriented language. Component
diagram: Component diagrams are

Case Study : New Software Development Project
A)i) For the Project ASU, the major part is new Software development project. In order to be successful with customers it is essential for ASU to have
significant hit rate driven by capturing customer value. Customer value is driven by Desired Customer Outcomes. There is need to understand what
customer needs and what will make customer successful. Based on that develop Business strategies, requirements for the new Software Development.
Figure out a way to extract technology strategy, develop action plans and Implementation procedure. Sometimes the customers may not know what they
really need, but they could describe what will make them successful. Listen to customers for developing something new to customers. As Dr. Shunk
mentioned about ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The Systems Engineering Team need to watch out for the problems that will prevent meeting customer requirements such as requirement creep,
changing needs, schedule pressure, excessive secondary innovation etc (2). ii) The value A in the Effort equation represent calibration factor which
is a constant value that is based on historical projects considering expertise, knowledge and size of the company factors. The value of A could be
arrived considering the project to be handled by mix of experienced and also less experienced technical people com paring with the standard.
Normally it is less than 1. To validate the calibration factor, it is essential to know the requirements such as skillset needed for this COSYSMO,
adopting the model and reusing the model, risk involved in cost estimation as most of the time we consider past projects, size drivers with rating,
viewpoints, operational scenarios, schedules efforts, life cycle etc. It is also highly dependent on cost drivers, size drivers and Effort Multipliers (3).
B. i) According to the cost data given, it is to be inferred that enough work is done at the moth 5 with expenditure of $8 million. Therefore, the
Schedule Variance is–$2million and Schedule Performance Index is 0.8, Cost Performance Index is 1.33. The Estimate at Completion is $18 million
saving $ 6million at the

Evaluation Of A Use Case Analysis
6.0 USE CASE ANALYSIS
The Use Case analysis is a method which focuses highly on the systems functional Requirements and when completed will consist of a Use Case
Model. The model consists of actors, Use cases, use case scenarios and other criteria which helps represents the use case. Within a use case Model there
are many relationships (generalization, include and extends) which help represent the flow and functionality of the system and its entity's.
A Use case describes the behaviour of a process within a system and usually has relationships with actors (external sources who interact with system).
A Use Case scenario is identifying the specific executions carried out during a Use Case and these help create and gather requirements.
Requirement Specification Approaches Evaluations VolereO' BrienUse Case analysis
AdvantagesReduces Risk Of Requirements not being executedEasier for business directors to understand approachManages the complexity of the
system Follows a highly recommendable structureHighly supported for TestingShows interaction with the system in an understandable way Reduces
Risk of Scope changesFocuses from the start on business goalsHelps envisage the outcomes from the system by analysing processes Allows for the
business requirements to be modifiedEasy to organize architecturally important requirementsShows inputs to the processes and is the basis for
requirements
DisadvantagesRequires a high amount of business time and resourcesMethod

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