1) The document discusses the moral theory of deontology, which evaluates actions based on duty and obligation. 2) Deontology was mainly developed by Immanuel Kant, who argued that as rational beings, humans have the capacity to act according to principles they determine themselves through their rational will. 3) According to deontology, duty is a uniquely human experience because animals do not possess rational will, while humans can conceive of duties through their rational faculties beyond their immediate surroundings.

1. DEONTOLOGY:
DUTY AND AGENCY
PRESENTER: MERCADER, ALEJANDRO P.

2. LESSON OBJECTIVES
1. Discuss the basic principles of deontology;
2. Apply the concept of agency to one’s moral experience;
and
3. Evaluate actions using the universalizability test.

3. DUTY AND AGENCY
• The moral theory that evaluates
action that are done because of
duty is called deontology.
• Deontology refers to the study of
duty and obligaton.
• The main proponent of
deontology is Immanuel Kant
(1724-1 804).
DEONTOLOGY
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4. DUTY AND AGENCY
EMANUEL KANT
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• He was a german enlightenment philosopher who is
thought to herald the "Copernican Revoluton in
philosophy".
• Akin to Copernicus.
• Kant developed revolutionary insight concerning the
human mind and the conditons for the possibility of
knowledge.

5. DUTY AND AGENCY
•In this work, Kant brings our
attention to the fact that we
human beings, have that faculty
called rational will, which is the
capacity to the act according to
the principles that we determine
for ourselves.
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6. DUTY AND AGENCY
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ANIMALS AND HUMAN BEINGS
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7. DUTY AND AGENCY
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• On one hand, animals are sentient organism.
Sentience meaning an organism that has the
ability to perceive and navigate its internal
environment.
• On the other hand people are also rational. That
ratonality consists of the mental faculty to
construct ideas and thoughts that are beyond our
immediate surroundings.

8. DUTY AND AGENCY
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• Hence, according to a duty is a
specifically human experience. Animals, if
it is true that they do not possess the
faculty of rational will, cannot conceive of
having duties. This is the starting point of
deontology. We claim that as long as we
have rationality, there will always be the
tension between our base impulses and
ratonal will.

9. THANK YOU