Company Analysis Essay

Company Analysis Essay
HMB 524 Marketing Strategy
Organization Analysis:
Just Group
Prepared for
Barbara Evans
Prepared by
Rangsikul Likhitthanawong
6189458
Executive Summary
This report will examine Just Group Ltd, the number one market leader in fashion and apparel retail store in Australia. The objective of this report is
to review current strategies used by Just Group with regarding to seven traits model according to Schumann, P. A. 1994. Besides, future strategies
recommendation will be provided as the key for the company to sustain competitive advantage. Just Group is a number one market leader in fashion
and apparel retail store in Australia. The sale of the company continues to increase while the number of stores increases as well. ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
The objective of this report is to review current strategies used by Just Group with regarding to seven traits model according to Schumann, P. A. 1994.
Besides, future strategies recommendation will be provided as the key for the company to sustain competitive advantage.
The theory used in this report is "The Seven Traits of Successful Organizations" that covers seven important factors driven successful to the
organization shown in the picture below (Schumann 1994)
.

2.Organization background
Organization history
The first store of Just Jeans was established in Chapel Street, Prahran in December 1970. Just Jeans at that time was known by its unique concept
which was the store selling jeans, stacked on shelves. In 1972, Just Jeans was incorporated in Melbourne as Jeans City Pty Ltd (IBIS World Industry
Reports, 2007, p.29). The business had dramatically grown resulting in greater expansion throughout Australia and New Zealand. Accordingly, not
only jeans were sold in its stores, but also other fashionable products were added. Due to the success of Just Jeans, Just Group Co. Ltd (JST) was
formed as the company acquired many brand portfolios. Further information about the company history is provided in Appendix 1.
Organization overview
Market Share Major PlayerMarket Share Range Just Group Limited
5.60% – 5.80% (2006) Specialty Fashion Group Limited
5.00%
... Get more on HelpWriting.net ...

Levis' Case
Levi's case – marketing test
1)Brand decline
Until the mid–1990s LEVI's had benefitted from a growth in sales and in 1996 a record sales of $7.1 billion was reached.
The decline in sales was due to a change in culture. It roots back to 1992 when rap music came up as a new culture and "baggy trousers" were starting to
become more popular.
LEVI's simply missed the opportunity to get into this business and stay popular among young customers. Competitors such as Gap, Diesel and
Wrangler on the other hand managed to connect with young people very well.
The 501 five–pocket Jeans by Levi's had been launched in the mid–1980s with a large TV campaign. This was very successful and sales began a twelve
year rise for LEVI's. But in the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The brand name is not emphasized or is completely hidden but people will still buy Levi's products one way or the other.
If they find Levi's Jeans in a store like Clinch! they may consider Levi's fashionable just for being in this shop and they don't need to know that the
shop is Levi's owned.
3)Brand Restoration
A strategy of differentiated / segmented marketing was introduced to restore the brand in the new millenium. While the demographic segment were
still 15 to 25 years olds Levi's was focusing on three groups of people: * Urban opinion–formers * Extreme sports * Regular girls and guys
Differentiated marketing means that different segments are targeted and separate offers are designed for each segment.
This strategy was clearly followed by Levi's during the last years and many different products and campaigns have emerged from this. In order to
satisfy the needs of different target groups Levi's has made attempts to differentiate from other products through value proposition:
Value proposition of Levi's products
| prices| | more| the same| less| benefits| more| S–Fit trousers| Levi 's Worn JeansEngineered Jeans| | | the same| | | | | less| | | Signature range of jeans|

S–Fit trousers
The S–Fit trousers introduced in 2003 came at a fairly high price of в‚¬140 but what differentiated them from normal Jeans

The Best Selling Garment Of All Time
Marked "the best–selling garment of all time", denim has been a key participant in the evolution of popular culture (Weber 2006). Originally making its
public debut appearance within the mining sectors in the mid–1800s, denim has become a product of globalization, as it gained both attention and wear
by billions (Foreman 2015). As various styles have evolved from denim, jeans have deemed consistency throughout popular culture movements,
withstanding the test of time. Not only has denim broken barriers of age, class, and race, but the way in which jeans have been altered is a direct
product of popular culture, carried out via youth subcultures.
Why study something as acquisitive as denim when examining theories of popular culture, particularly when trends come and go? British media
theorist and sociologist Dick Hebdige is distinguished for his popular culture studies, as he is labeled as the primary popular culture reference–maker.
His research via sociological analysis has paved the way for proceeding theorists to further explore the complexity of popular culture movements.
Denim, however, is unique in the sense that the evolution of this single garment has disrupted orthodox societal structures not only in its country of
origin, but also globally. Its invention and circulation epitomize the exchange and intersection of cultural studies, allure a wide audience, and exemplify
both political and economic societal shifts.
In order to understand how jeans have gained status as

Levi's Stp Analysis
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Assignment for :
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FASHION MARKETING MANAGEMENT
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On:
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STP ANALYSIS ON LEVI'S DENIMS IN CHENNAI NIFT
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By :
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SRINIDHI.R (MFM/12/ 84)
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INDUSTRY ANALYSIS:
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The apparel industry is comprised of clothing, accessories and shoes. It can be segmented into menswear, womens wear and childrens ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
In 1847, Levi Strauss, his two sisters & mother sailed for America wherethey joined half–brothers Jonas & Louis in New York. Levi joined
their dry goods business. In 1853, Levi sailed to San Francisco to join dry goods business and started selling clothing, bedding & linen to small
stores in California.
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In 1902, Levi died and his two nephews inherited the business. In 1910's, LS&CO. received "Blue Ribbon" highest award for waist overalls in
Panama. One–piece garment for women was introduced to work and play. In1930's, the Great Depression stroke & demand for Levi's jeans, shirts
and jackets declined. .
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In 1991, the first original Levi's store was opened in United States. In 1994, Dockers brand was introduced n Europe. It launched its first website in
1995.In 1996; it introduced its Slates В® brand, a new style for menwearing. In 1999, classic 5 pocket pants were reinvented. In 2000, LS&CO.
introduced Levi's В® engineered jeans TM, the reinvention of jeans for the new generation. It named No. 2 for America's best companies for minorities.
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In 2003, it celebrated its 150th anniversary of its founding and 130th anniversary of invention of blue jeans.
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BRANDS OFFERED BY LEVI'S:
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Grand Jean Company
Introduction:
Founded in the 19th century, the Grand Jean Company survived the large economy crises in 1929. It became one of the largest clothing companies in
the world around 1989. Its main products are pants for men and boys. But also women pants are produced there. With the "wash–and–wear",
bell–bottom and flare leans and modern casual pants, the company was market leading.
The company owns 25 plants for manufacturing with an output capacity of 20.000 pants per week. However, this production is not enough to satisfy
the demand on the market. As a result of that, the company decided to employ independent manufacturers. Last year, these contractors produced one
third of the total sales.
Grand Jean is a functional organization. The ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, evaluating the performance only at the end of the year, pushesplant manager to be performant just at this moment. The global objective of
Grand Jean is to increase its net income but one of its principal problem is that it doesn't arrive to satisfy the clients' needs due to not enough
production (they have to begin ration the pants to buyers as early as four months prior to close of the production year). However, we could notice that
the goals of production division and marketing one don't meet this goal. Indeed, the goal of the production's division is to meet the quota while the
objective of the marketing division is to forecast the sales unit and sales dollar (but if the production could not achieve to product these forecast the net
income will not increase). Therefore, there is no real cohesion in the objectives. That is why, Grand Jean calls upon independent contractors. But, it
increases the cost (of establishing a contract for instance) and furthermore, these contractors become a competitor of the Grand Jean plants although
they have not the same bottom–line responsibility (it's an advantage for them and in a very competitive market like the pants' one it is a problem).The
Management Control system of Grand Jean don't influence behavior in a goal congruent manner. Another

Examples Of Just War Theory
"Just war theory is the attempt to distinguish between justifiable and unjustifiable uses of organized armed forces". (Justwartheory.com)
"Just war theory deals with the justification of how and why wars are fought. The justification can be either theoretical or historical. The theoretical
aspect is concerned with ethically justifying war and the forms that warfare may or may not take. The historical aspect, or the "just war tradition," deals
with the historical body of rules or agreements that have applied in various wars across the ages". (justwartheory.com) The just war theory was not a
permitting theory. It wasn't just taught up and made up by people. The thinking behind it was to try and limit the amount of countries that go to war.
They were trying to limit the amount of people going to war rather than trying to make it easy by allowing the countries to follow their principals
because if a country followed their principals, they will think that it is ok to go to war. The idea behind the just was theory was also to try a limit the
amount of civilians that got killed and their lives destroyed and they did this by limiting the number of countries and people that go to war. "Just war
theories attempt to conceive of how the use of arms might be restrained, made more humane, and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
You have to weigh up the pros and cons of war, you need to think about the situation and see if war is the right way to deal with it. In Just Ad
Bellum, we have to guide our decisions weather or not we should go to war. There are seven principals of the Just Ad Bellum are: 1) There must be a
just cause. 2) Waged by an appropriate authority. 3) The right intention. 4) Reasonable hope of success. 5) Total goods achieved through war must
outweigh the total evils predicated because of the

Jean Elshstain's Just War Theory
On September 11, 2001, the United States of America was taken by complete surprise when terrorist invaded and struck U.S. soil. That same week
President Bush orders an International War on terror. Just war theory was largely used after the attacks on America. George Bush is one of the first
presidents to actually try to follow the entire standard of Just War Theory. Just war theory consist of 3 principles are Jus ad bellum, Jus in Bello, and
Jus post bellum. The first theory in just war is Jus ad bellum. Jean Elshstain's book, Just War Theory perfectly details the standards of just war (Just
War Theory) . Jus ad bellum is the consideration of war being right to enter. In jus ad bellum there are sub principles that should always be taken...
Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The first attempt by modern day terrorist took place in 1993, when members of Al–Qaeda flew a plane into the World Trade Center. Members of the
group have no central identity and were very hard to go after. This bad blood comes from Islamic belief that Americans are impure and evil. Within
the Islamic nation it is believed to be ok to punish those that are impure and make them submit to the rule of Islamic beliefs or be killed. The act of
actually carrying out such acts is known as, Jihad or the Holy War. The group that is believed to have caused 9/11 would be Al
–Qaeda. Al–Qaeda is
militant and religious terrorist group. It was rumored that Al–Qaeda tried to assassinate George H W Bush. Al–Qaeda hasn't always been the terrorist
group they have become. They started as a jihadist group, which was taught to fight after the cold war. The leader of the group Osama Bin Laden,
who was the son of a billion dollar oil tycoon, was outraged after he saw Americans in Kuwait on what Muslims call the Mecca and Medina. Osama
began to accumulate all of his necessary arms from the money he had made from his inheritance and self–grown business. Osama began to scheme up
a way to enter into a fight against the US. He is said to be one of the main coconspirators in the bombing of the World Trade Center in New York in

I Just Wanna Be Average By Jean Anyon Analysis
Jean Anyon's essay and study of "The Hidden Curriculum of Schools" argues that the quality of education you receive is solely based on your
standing in the different levels of social classes in which you were born into. Mike Rose's essay "I Just Wanna Be Average" confirms this hidden
curriculum as he recalls his misplacement into vocational school in which the parents of the students that attended worked blue–collar jobs. Mike
Rose's essay confirms Jean Anyon's study in showing that your education is heavily based upon the social class you are in. The lower you rank in
social class the less of an education you receive whereas students that rank higher receive a more quality education. Both authors argue, correctly, that
education should work ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There were a few teachers who worked hard at education..." (...). He uses words such as "dumping ground' and "disaffected" to how that the Vocational
track education that Rose received relates closely to the education of students in most working class schools. The teachers in this school were almost
always uninterested and untrained which then reflected onto the students. The same disinterest of education that the teachers showed oftentimes
reflected onto the students. The students in the Vocational track rarely cared about making high marks or actually receiving a meaningful education
thus trapping them in the same unskilled jobs as their parents."If you're a working–class kid in the vocational track, the options you'll have to deal with
this will be constrained in certain ways: you're defined by your school as "slow"; you're placed in a curriculum that isn't designed to liberate you but
to occupy you, or, if you're lucky, train you, though the training is for work the society does not esteem."(...). If these same students in Rose's essay
had received a more quality education just like the students of higher classes, then morale amongst the students would have increased and encouraged
the students to do better and break the cycle of entrapment in low paying working class

Critically Discuss Augustine's Distinction Between Just...
Augustine is highly acclaimed as the originator of the Just War theory. He founded a concept that would be built upon for many years to come.
Augustine argued that war was sometimes sadly an unfortunate necessity to preserve order in society. He believed that wars should only be
undertaken if they satisfy a certain criteria for a just war. McCellend notes how В‘the original condition of man's soul was innocence' but since the Fall
the soul has been tainted and is thus incapable of achieving goodness. While Augustine was fundamentally against war as he believed it was sinful, he
recognised that sometimes there were just wars that could be fought under Gods jurisdiction to obtain a just peace. This essay will examine the criteria
that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Augustine did not accept that justice could be obtained through killing in self–defence. One should only be permitted to kill only under the instruction
of God or a legitimate authority ordained by God. He believed that self–defence should never be a valid justification for causing harm to another man.
However, in the Bible one of the ten commandants is that В‘thou shallt not kill '. In arguing that killing is sometimes an unavoidable evil Augustine
contradicts traditional Christian doctrine and goes against the teachings of Jesus. According to Augustine Christians have a moral duty to contribute to
the state. Their duties involve participating in the public office and fighting in a just war if it is deemed necessary by their ruler Augustine asserted
that once a war has been declared the soldier must obey his leader regardless of whether he is waging a just or unjust war. The soldier is therefore not
guilty if the war he engages in is unjust but instead it is the sole fault of the ruler. Augustine argued that В‘the soldier is innocent, because his position
makes obedience a duty'. To punish a soldier for participating in an unjust war would encourage dissertation and anarchy amongst the ranks. Augustine
thus believed that there should be no resistance to

The Workings Of Christ
In all of Paul's writings an array of words are expressed to describe the workings of Christ. In many of these cases thorough exegesis is necessary to
understand the true content and application for daily life. One of the heaviest of these words that has caused a large amount of debate throughout
history, and one that is imbedded in the book of Galatians, is justification. Nonetheless, the means that individuals receive this form of justice is
through faith, and faith alone according to Paul. Faith is the factor of response to the gospel message. The central argument in the Galatian epistle is
whether one follows the "works of the law" or has "faith in Jesus Christ." Paul's stance here conveys through the works of Jesus Christ, God has ...
The ambiguity of the letter's destination stems from whether Paul was writing to believers in North or South Galatia. The region of Galatia resides in
Asia Minor, commonly known as Turkey today. If this letter was aimed for the Northern district, this epistle was undoubtedly written between Paul's
second and third missionary journeys following the Council of Jerusalem found in Acts 15. Similar speech is given in Galatians 2:1–10 making this
opinion plausible. (Porter 2016:187). On the contrary, if the destination was South Galatia, then the letter could have been written much earlier; as early
as Paul's first missionary journey in fact. This would then place the letter prior to the Council of Jerusalem. If the epistle was written at this time,
Galatians 2:1–10 could be referencing Paul's visit to Jerusalem found in Acts 11:27–20 and 12:25 or even a separate meeting not mentioned in Acts
(2016:188). The dates of composition will be discussed once the context of the audience is considered.
Before the late nineteenth century, many scholars accepted the North Galatia view when minimal archaeological exploration had been done limiting
critics to create their assumptions upon literary analysis. The hypotheses vary. One states that Luke never acknowledges Paul's travel to Lystra and
Derbe on the first missionary journey mentioned in Acts 14:6, 20–21 in the letter. Instead, Luke notes Lycaonia which is a different

An Object Lesson
Transforming from a durable work garment, into a symbol of American Imperialism, and 50's Rebel Culture. An Object Lesson. What are you
wearing? What do you wear on the weekends, out to dinner, or to a baseball game? The answer most likely is jeans, or blue jeans. Worn by every
gender, race, ethnicity, sexuality, and social class. Jeans span across society, no matter who you are, your own personal beliefs, or status, odds are
you own a pair of jeans. Jeans are comfortable, durable, and fashionable. Jeans are common in today's world, however like many things, throughout
history they have not had the same reputation. Similarly, the jeans you own today, are not very different from the ones worn in late 1800's. The jeans
today and the jeans from the late 1800's are... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Twilled cotton cloth sewn together, and most commonly dyed blue, but whatever color the manufacturer wants. Jeans are also made to a certain
style, relaxed, skinny, or regular fit. Jeans come in any style you can think of, bedazzled, frayed, with holes, or even jean shorts. The production of
jeans is so widespread, because the people who wear jeans span all social groups and classes, making different styles for different individuals.
Every different brand has their own jeans as well. Personally, the jeans I own cost around $40 dollars. Some jeans can cost into the thousands.
Jeans are a unique item in that you can buy them at Walmart, and from Ralph Lauren, made from the same materials, and the same concept. Denim
is unique on the way it ages as well. With time, jeans fade, but in a stylish way. Jeans also become softer over time, conforming to the wearer. Some
people buy jeans that are already "faded" to skip a step. The look of your jeans say a lot about the person. Whether they be blue or black, skinny or
baggy, dirty and faded, or clean and faded. Whether you are wearing "mom jeans" or pre–faded jeans with holes and

I Just Wanna Be Average By Jean Anyon
Equal Quality in Education
The intellectual education as a means of removing poverty and securing abundance is often seen as the road to success, but how much of its truth still
applies today? Like in any job, no matter how much hard work put into it, an employee would still be considered an employee and would never
become the owner of that company. Could it also be true that the same road education offers to success could also offer a limit to the success you
could accomplish in life? An article titled "From Social Class And The Hidden Curriculum Of Work" done by Jean Anyon a professor in the Graduate
Center of the City University of New York suggests that "School experience...differed qualitatively by social class...may not only contribute ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
We could see some of the different types of teachers described in Anyon's work could also be seen in an essay" I Just Wanna Be Average" written by
Mike Rose. Rose experienced in his high school different teachers, who came from different socio–economic background is different in the way they
teach and treat their students. To an extent, it is true that the socioeconomic background of a student could determine the quality or type of instruction
a student will receive. It seems that Mike Rose's essay tends to complicate Anyon's claim that the socio–economic location the school is at is the reason
on what kind of educational instruction a student can get. Indeed Rose's experiences in high school receiving instruction from teachers that has the
teaching styles classified in Anyon's essay as working class, middle class and affluent professional, but it complicates the claim because all this
method of teaching can be found in one school. Rose tells us the location of his school is at South Los Angeles, he describes that Our Lady of Mercy
"relied on a series of test, mostly the Standford–Binet, for placement" (152). The score you receive here will determine what program you will be
placed on either in College

Levi Strauss Consumer Research
Introduction
The purpose of this account planning report is to conduct and analyse consumer research data regarding Levi Strauss & Co. jeans and their need to
focus on the Australian male youth market. Levi Strauss & Co. has lost their competitive edge throughout the years and is looking to re–establish their
brand and entice new consumers to purchase their products. Throughout this report I will develop a consumer insight to the campaign, draft a set of
communication objectives and offer other recommendations for this account. In preparation for this report, I interviewed a young male regarding his
attitudes, behaviours and perceptions towards Levi Strauss & Co. jeans.
Profile the consumer
Demographic
The consumer that was interviewed for this report is a male aged 20–34 and is a university student. The young male is an only child and currently,
lives with his father and stepmother in an apartment. He is not financially responsible for anything other than his own purchases. The consumer's
family is of Italian nationality and they're religion is Christianity.
Geographic
The young male interviewed currently resides in an apartment in the Sydney suburb of Abbotsford. The male stated that he is part–time employed at
both ANZ and Qudos Bank Arenas in Homebush.
Psychographic
The young male considers himself to be categorised as 'upper middle class'. He enjoys a range of hobbies, recreational activities and interests such as
soccer, playing video games, watching television,

Just And Unjust Wars Analysis
There are other people that argue that, they are fighting for what is right. Which is a great argument to have, but it is one thing to argue that on a
personal scale but when whole nations get involved that notion becomes a little more hazy. In Alexander Moseley's article Just War Theory he quotes
Michael Walzer, a American political theorist and author of books such as "Just and Unjust Wars" and "Spheres of Justice". Walzer's view of killing
and the justification for killing anyone is this: "...Modern warfare dissolves the possibility of discrimination: civilians are just as necessary causal
conditions for the war machine as are combatants, therefore, they claim, there is no moral distinction in targeting an armed combatant and a civilian ...
This is a much scarier concept to think about then it sounds. War, will not always have a winner but it will have someone or some nation that will
come out on top. They will have the control of how things appeared to play out. We hope that the group that is right wins, but how can we be sure
they are right? As explored earlier a country with better resources and a more stable economy has the upperhand. But just because a nation has
more money does not mean they are on the right side of the war. According to Moseley "At a deeper level, one can consider the role that civilians
play in supporting an unjust war: to what extent are they morally culpable, and if they are culpable in giving moral, financial, or economic support
to some extent, does that mean they may become legitimate targets?" (Moseley 2005). The difficulty of using war to solve a problem is that the
legitimacy of a target is determined by the ones who do the act, it is very hard to create a way of determining the justification for killing that all
parties will agree upon. Even if there is a line that fits it can always be argued against one way or another. There can never be a correct answer to
killing because it can be argued in either direction. Humans pride themselves on certainty, and creating solutions. War cannot solve a problem with any
sort of certainty because it ultimately will come down to the interpretation of the individual and people will argue against the outcome no matter what.
This is where diplomacy must always be the first choice. (Will keep working but want to make sure all points are

Walmart And Macy's Retail Stores
The two retail stores I have selected are JCPenny and Macy's. These two retail stores can be found together at many malls. For example, Westfield
South Shore Mall in Bayshore on Long Island contains both JCPenny and Macy's. Although they are not directly next to each other they are most
certainly competitors. They contain many of the same brands however they both have a different approach to how they display the brand. I
focused on Levi's for men and within the Levi's department there was other garments and accessories other than jeans. The assortment in JCPenny
was clearly superior. Other than jeans they had long sleeves, graphic long sleeves, flannels, winter jackets, denim jackets, socks, underwear, belts,
and a variety of hats. Every section was well stocked and had numerous different sizes. In addition every style was placed on its correct rack or
shelf. Macy's on the other hand, was very unorganized. It was quite hard to determine what style I was looking at because nothing was where it
belonged and there was pile of pants just thrown onto display tables. However they did have a small selection of ski hats, very few belts, underwear,
thermals, and winter jackets. The only thing that seemed fully stocked was the men's underwear however I was only able to reach from the side
because there was a cart blocking my reach. The cart was stocked with various different styles and colors of jeans that were just left there. The layout
in JCPenny was much more appealing than

The History of Levi Strauss & Co. Essay
The History of Levi Strauss & Co.
Idly standing on a busy street corner, one cannot help but observe a plethora of denim whiz by. Entrepreneur Levi Strauss is the man responsible for
creating the booming market and generating a trend in clothing that has swept the nation for nearly 150 years. Through a steady commitment of quality
and reliable service, Levi Strauss & Company became one of the most successful business ventures to come out of the 19th century. However, history
for this company has not been all peaches and cream. Nearly every business must face crisis from time to time, but it is the unique ability of Levi
Strauss & Co. to move on after each adversity, that has made them what they are today.
In 1829, Hirsch ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As the years went on, Levi'Гўs continued to enlarge itself to become a common household name. Critical junctions of the Levi Strauss Corporation
included additions to the company, shifts in power, new products, markets and ideas. Some made progress, while others caused digression. One
example is of tailor Jacob Davis, who proved to be a defining point in Levi'Гўs success. In 1873, Strauss accepted Davis' idea of adding metal rivets to
the pockets of his pants, thus making them stronger. "His riveted pants were a smashing success," (Gromer 94). This addition, as tiny as it was,
greatly impacted the company. Within a year, 20,000 pairs of these jeans were made (Goldish 34). Until his death in 1902, Levi Strauss continued
to improve the quality and appearance of his products. Trademark additions still present today include two orange arcs sewn into the back pockets
and a leather patch of, "two horses trying to pull apart a pair of Levi's jeans. The company wanted to show just how tough it's fabric really was,"
(Goldish 35) . Following the originator's passing, power resided in many different hands. Levi Strauss' family took over the reigns of his company in
the beginning of the 20th century, and maintained presidency until 1928. Succeeding Levi's nephew Sigmund Stern as President, was Walter Haas Sr.
For majority of the time between 1928 and 1999, The Haas family ran the Levi corporation. Lapses occurred

Kantian Views On War
While readings from Thucydides, Aristotle, and Machiavelli provide unique insight in the way war is justified in early civil society, the introduction
of globalization into international relations leads us to ask if early theories regarding war and justice are still relevant to new and complex power
relationships. For the purpose of creating practical connections, I intend to look at several possible "jus in bello" applications of two contemporary
military technologies: nuclear weapons and drones (otherwise known as Unmanned Armed Vehicles). There are many cases of emerging military
technologies that raise valuable question in regards to just acts of war, but I chose these two in particular because of they provide two seemingly
opposing perspectives ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Perpetual Peace, Kant supplies firstly that "the suspension of hostilities does not supply the security of peace, and unless this security is pledged...
the latter... can treat the former as an enemy" (111). He then supplies that nations never have a "right" to war and that "without a contract among nations
peace can be neither inaugurated nor guaranteed" (117). The argument that "the suspension of hostilities" does not create long–term peace is not one
that I intend to invalidate, but the case of nuclear weapons does provide an example of its suspended use having acted as an effective deterrent for
military conflict (while still, admittedly, allowing for tension and ideological conflicts). The Cold War and the concept of Mutually Assured
Destruction between the US and the USSR forces us to consider the ways that nuclear weapons could potentially create extended periods of peace
simply due to the notion that nuclear weapons might have symbolic power beyond the kinds of hostilities that Kant imagined. Kant described here a
"league of peace" that ensured peaceful actions among nations, and while such leagues have and do exist now, we have not reached an era of global
peace. This is what makes the ideology of "nuclear peace" so compelling towards a Kantian perspective: the argument that the concept of Mutually
Assured Destruction can create international stability in the face of major ideological conflicts does not ignore existing hostile sentiments but it does
give the concept of "perpetual peace" substance and practicality that existing international leagues cannot always provide. Such a theory, however,
while compelling, is ultimately flawed in that it assumes that all

Nature Of Just War
The concept of "just war" is built on the assumption that war is bad and should be avoided, but there also may be times when warfare is justified.
Just war theories usually address two main areas: First, under what conditions is it right to go to war? Second, is there a moral way to conduct a war?
As for the history of just war theories, the ancient Greeks and Romans sometimes discussed the morality of war. Cicero (106–43 B.C.), for instance,
argued that the only acceptable reason for war is self defence which included the right to defend one's honor. Cicero aside, Saint Augustine of Hippo
(A.D. 354–430) is often viewed as the father of the just war theory. Augustine was against individuals retaliating when injured, but he believed nations

True Religion Jeans Case Analysis
Matt Costello
10/20/17
Professor Celo
True Religion Jeans Case
The ups and downs of the premium jeans industry and the constant fluctuating of threats to the industry made it interesting to see how the denim
lines would respond. They were originated in the 1970s by Calvin Klein who created highly priced, skin tight jeans who used celebrities (i.e. Brooke
Shields) to endorse the product. Since they were higher priced compared to your common, regular blue jeans sold by mainstream brands like Lee and
Wrangler, they were meant to serve as fashion statements as opposed to comfort. They started off well in early on in the 1980s, but then hit a decline
just a few years later. The mid 1990s came and they surpassed their highest annual sales in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
As we discussed in class, a threat of substitute does not necessarily just mean other high end, premium, higher priced jeans. Substitutes could include
any types of jeans. There are skinny jeans that are mentioned throughout the case, as well as slim cut jeans, straight cut jeans, low/medium/high rise
jeans, etc. Any type of jean poses as a threat to premium denim jeans because consumers fashion senses are constantly changing. As of late, more
people have shifted towards the casual, relaxed fit jean type of lifestyle, as opposed to before the down economy started in 2008 where many were
trending more towards the "fashion forward" or the "aspirational shopper" as the case described. The aspirational shopper consists of a middle class
person ($75,000–150,000 income per year) who is willing to buy luxurious, high–end jeans. So the overall point here is that all jean types are a threat
of substitutes. Another layer of substitutes could really be any type of pants in general. People love wearing sweat pants around the house, females
tend to wear a lot of dresses and skirts nowadays, leather pants are somewhat of a trend, and everybody wears shorts at some point in the year. So
these are threats of substitutes as well. Lastly, any other high–end products people could choose to spend money on pose as threats as well. Maybe
consumers will choose to spend their money on high–end accessories such as a new watch, or maybe a handbag or scarf if

A Rhetorical Analysis Of Levi's Ads
In its Go forth campaign, Levi's successfully advertised its Jeans to millions of American audience by evoking personal emotions of longing to
escape financial struggles, in this particular case, the average class American male. Levi's used textual tactics to market it Jeans to American males
who are frustrated of the poor stagnant economy due to the recession. In its print ad, it featured a man wearing jeans floating upside, care free in the
air, his shirt was ripped open while his tie flew out along with a text in bold letters stating, "Let the average man be divine. (Levi's Ad: Go Foreword
campaign)" The most denotative meaning in this ad is to go out and purchase Levi's Jeans in order feel great in them. This ad is trying to portray that...
The exact meaning in this ad is the image of three youths celebrating at night with fireworks in their hand as it lite up the sky along with a text that
states, "Now is our time." Although this word is very short, it is very powerful to the youth audiences that view this ad because of the direct
personal connection they have to the message. Young Americans who view this ad will feel as through the ad is directly speaking to them
through the usage of youth and celebration. Millennial audience who view this ad will also interpret it based on their experience as the young and
future generations of America. The code of youth and a future opportunity as well as new beginnings is at work in this ad is signified by the lite up
the sky and the text, "our time. (Levi's Ad Campaign: Go Forth )" The celebratory lightening signifies a brighter tomorrow and a better future, giving
hope and aspiring young people while making them declare it by not only addressing them, but through applying an inclusive term in that idea of a
better tomorrow by using the inclusive word "our. (Levi's Ad Campaign: Go Forth )" The motif of youth as having the future in their hands and
making a better change is embedded in its signs and signifier as well the cultural ideals of youth. It draws upon the societal idealization of youth as
having heavy influence and power, and attempts to convey to young people that they are the future. It tells them to stand up and take the opportunity
to make a greater future for themselves and create their own legacies. Hence, when the millennials generation see this ad, they inspire to be the youth
of the future as depicted in the ad and strive to live up to the ideal and expectations of being the young people that are destined to shape

Just War Theory: A Critique Of Just War Theory
Critique of Just War Theory Just war theory has been a prominent principle in political philosophy since ancient times. There are two traditional
categories of requirements for just wars. First, Jus Ad Bellum: the conditions required for justly going to war; the right to go to war. Second, Jus In
Bello: the conditions required for the just conduct of war. The first category encompasses Just Authority, Just Cause, Just Intention and Last Resort. The
second category encompasses Proportionality, Discrimination and Responsibility. In more modern works,just war theory has been influential
particularly in relation to the bombing of Hiroshima in WWII and other issues related to nuclear weapons. Political philosophers John Rawls and
Michael Walzer ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This separation and distinction completely frees the soldiers and civilians from any responsibility for their state's actions during a war. However, "we,
[civilians and soldiers], generally do not need a state, or a state–like entity, to judge the permissibility of a particular act of force" (Fabre 975). Meaning
that, "judgments about [an action's] justness, or lack thereof, can be reached independently of state–defined standards" (Fabre 975). This view makes
everyone in the state, civilians, soldiers and leaders, responsible and accountable for the conduct of their state during war. This view might be more
applicable in democratic states, where the state is a representative of the people, therefore they both share the same moral standard and ideals. This
might not be a case in a non–democratic state where the leaders act on their own accord and don't involve their people in their decisions. Another
possible counterargument is that civilians and soldiers are indoctrinated with the ideas of the leaders, which makes them either fully responsible since
they share the ideas of their leaders or it might make them uninvolved since these ideas didn't originate from them but simply out of their indoctrination.
This is very relevant to the actions of civilians and soldiers in Nazi Germany which were later convicted though a lot of them highlighted that they
didn't fully comprehend the implications of

Murphy And LackeysPerception Of War And Terrorism
War and Terrorism is one of the most contended debates in our societies today and beyond. However, before making any contribution towards this
topic, I will like readers of this paper to understand what war and terrorism means. A war from my understanding as a student from the textbook is
refers to a situation that might arise between two or more factions that might either be related to injustice, economic inequality or intimidation, which
will later result into arm conflict (either civilly or internationally), while terrorism on the other hand is considered as violence or intimidation used by
individual or group of individuals against innocent civilians to achieve personal gains or to score political points against opponents. In this paper, I
will be talking about Murphy and Lackeys' perception about war and terrorism. After reading through the articles, I will like to agree with both Murphy
and Lackeys' perception about war and terrorism. In the article, Murphy believed that the process of reconciliation to resolve conflict within our
societies or beyond is far better than bearing arms to resolve disputes. More so, in the article Murphy pointed out that some of the fundamental
justification for her entire premises about reconciliation and it morality towards peace making. In addition to the above point, I also agree with
Murphy's argument that extrapolating the political concept of forgiveness from the personal one has significant problems which are currently disturbing

Macy Coupons Analysis
They represent the quintessential hardware. For any occasion, whether formal or casual, they serve as the perfect accoutrement. Add a flirty blouse or
a sports coat, some heels, a belt or maybe even their best companion – a t–shirt and you'll turn heads. What am I talking about? Your favorite pair of
jeans, of course. Jeans have come a long way since the era of the bell bottoms (so glad I missed that!). Some are indeed still flared and bell–shaped to
slip just–so over a pair of boots while with others it's all about the length and skimming the floor ever so slightly. Decades may come and go, the
symbolic Age of Aquarius giving way to the chronological one, but consumers will always covet the perfect pair of jeans. Culturally, jeans have shaped
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
1.) Clean out your closet! Ok I hear you. So I clean out my closet and then I realize everything I don't have. Exactly! Maybe all you need is one
great jacket to pull several outfits together. Have a swap party when you're done. 2.) Use coupons. Check out the newspaper for Macy coupons
(Tuesday is a typical coupon day). If shopping online visit couponcabin.com or retailmenot.com for money saving codes to use at checkout. Go ahead
and give the cashier your phone number or e–mail address. The stores use that to send you money saving cards and coupons to use. I know what you
are thinking...I don't want them calling me. Honestly I have never been contacted by a store via the phone. 3.) Use your AAA card. Check with the
store to see if they offer a percentage off to AAA members. New York and Company does and they have great trendy items at great prices. 4.) Shop
off season. Shop for spring and summer items in the fall, and buy your fall and winter looks in the spring. Pay attention to the fashion week previews
and read fashion magazines, you can then shop the trends on a budget. Which leads me to... 5.) Know the current trends. Pick one or two that catch
your attention. What you choose to buy depends on your budget. However some trends simply will not work for most of us. Very few women look
good in harem pants and yet they are one of the hottest trends today. Scarves are my favorite. 6.) Shop with an open mind. Be open to new styles. Try
everything on – you might just be surprised. 7.) Know what colors work for you. Ask a friend or two for their opinions. Think about your favorite
outfits (the ones that make you feel good no matter how bad the day), what colors are they? Then hit the stores with a color palette in mind. 8.) Buy
the best you can afford. This especially applies to

Levi Jeans: Showing What Women Are Made of: an...
Many women believe Mary Kay Ashe said it best when she observed, "While clothes may not make the woman, they certainly have a strong effect on
her self–confidence – which, I believe, does make the woman." (educators.fidm.com). This observation simply means that a woman's appearance can
have a tremendous influence on how she really views herself. Two advertisements from the world famous Levi's Jean Company portrays this concept
of self. One advertisement from a Seventeen magazine published in 1954 presents four women standing in a posed position, showcasing various types
of Levi clothing attire. Another advertisement, published fifty years later, in 2009 in the W+K magazine presents a different view by drawing the
viewers attention to ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This brings out her inner rebel and proves that she is a young girl with an immense amount of self–confidence. Also, it is evident in the advertisements
that society's view on what an attractive woman looks like has changed throughout the years. In the 1954 advertisement, the women look older and
have shorter hair. In the current ad, the woman is much younger and thinner, with very long, straight hair and appears more casual than the 1954
advertisement. The 2009 ad advertise a more casual Levi's, which also shows that the clothing style itself has drastically changed over time. An
evolving concept of female independence is conveyed through the various images in each advertisement. The 1954 advertisement features four women
standing outside of a building, wearing casual Levi's attire. Each of the four women are very conservative in their clothing style, wearing high waist
pants and showing hardly any skin. This adds a polite and old–fashioned feel to the advertisement. The 2009 advertisement represents a more modern
day clothing style by showing the back view of a topless young lady, wearing only muddy and baggy Levi jeans. In the 1954 advertisement, each
woman demonstrates an affirmative attitude with her pleasant facial expression, which brings about this optimistic feeling of self the women have
established. Although the facial expression is hidden in the 2009 advertisement by only allowing the

The Importance Of Following America's Trends
Countries have always been following America's trends, whether it was technology, engineering, or fashion. America's fads and furors are all always
changing, so it's important that you know what they are. Here's all the secrets to keeping your closet in style!
Autumn Attire Americans are all about keeping casual and comfy. We like loose, knit sweaters with skinny jeans or leggings. It gives us a sense
of style, while still looking comfortable and laidback. Another thing we wear are casual, plain shirts, topped with an infinity scarf. An infinity scarf
allows you to be warm, while still being fashionable. Most of these outfits are paired with Sperry's or Vans, which are similar to converse.
Americans also like to tuck their skinny jeans and leggings under riding boots, which are very trendy and "in" right now. If the weather is warmer in
the fall, Americans wear a casual dress, sort of like a slip. It's very loose, flowy, and... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Our winter choices are similar to our fall, but just a little bit warmer. We love to wear sweatshirts and sweaters, which are perfect to bundle up in
when the weather gets cold. On the bottom, we wear sweatpants, skinny jeans, or leggings. To top the outfit off, we put on snug Uggs, boots that are
lined with a thick "fur" padding to keep them warm. Sometimes, Americans even add an extra element to their outfits by putting a hat on. We usually
wear knit beanies, occasionally decorated with a button or a yarn ball on top! As for our jackets, they can range anywhere from fleeces, to puffer
coats, anything goes as long as it's simple and not too over–the–top. Americans aren't focused on fashion in the winter, but instead our families and the
holidays. We leave our most fashionable seasons for spring and summer!
Spring and Summer Sportswear...or

Jeans During The Gold Rush
Jeans are something that we think it is a fashion statement but they aren't. The real reasons jeans were made for is for miners during the gold rush.
The person who made them was a guy named Levi Strauss, but he didn't intend on making them he wanted to make tents and wagon covers. He
made pants that were made for working into a style forever. Man, that is a lot right who knows. Levi Sounds familiar right I mean it should. Levi was
original from new york and traveled to California to get rich. He wanted to make wagon covers and tents for the miners but no one was in the market
for them. Then he made a type of pants that could withstand the mines. Then when the miners came home word spread that it could stand the Ruf
conditions of the workplace.

How Did Levis Impact The World
Levi Strauss woke up one day, not knowing that he would impact the world forever. You maybe be asking, "What in the world did Strauss do?" He
was the one who invented Genes! (Or What we call nowadays Jeans.) Here is some back information about Levi Strauss' life. He was born
February 26, 1829, in the city of Buttenheim, Germany. He has six siblings and he was the youngest. Growing up in Germany for him was hard
because he was Jewish. When Levi was sixteen, his father passed away from a disease. This was the time where he moved to America. After a few
years, the Gold Rush came into play. He decided that it would be good opportunity to make a business. So he moved to California to find some
inspiration. In the 1850's he moved from New York to California where he opened a shop selling supplies to miners.... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
He was making covers for the 49ers but then he decided to make pants instead. He didn't think that this would make an impact. It was just one of
the normal things that people sold in the shop. He named the jeans "Miners Pant's" and that's where everything started. But people saw it as
something different. Miners loved the pants so much it became super popular. In a matter of time, Strauss was working so hard for everyone to get
at least one pair. Soon he edited his pants once again and started to use blue denim (Which are pronounced 'Genes' in French but in English it is
'Jeans') for his pants. Then soon in 1872, Jacob Davis, a Nevada Tailor, sent a letter. He requested something that he couldn't do. Adding rivets or what
we know, pockets. Jacob didn't have the money to complete the patent process so he decided to tell Strauss. And so, the jeans we know and love were

Market Analysis
Table of Contents
1.0Executive Summary1
2.0Introduction2
3.0Market Background3
3.1Industry Definition3
3.2Consumer Needs and Wants3
3.3Industry History3
4.0Market Statistics4
4.1Market Size4
4.2Market Growth5
4.3Corporate Market Share7
4.4Brand Market Share7
5.0Key Companies8
6.0Environmental Factors9
7.0SWOT Analysis of the Australian Clothing Industry10
8.0Company Information11
8.1Company Name11
8.2Product Description11
8.3Target Market and Market Positioning12
9.0Conclusion12
List of References13
1.0Executive Summary
The Australian clothing industry is looking for further export opportunities as a response to increased import competition in Australia, globalisation
and technological change. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It has been observed that the Australian economy has and still is in some areas experiencing a downturn. Consumers are more incline to constrain their

spending for most of 2008–09.
The clothing industry is expected to contribute approximately $2.85 billion to the Australian economy during the year, representing about 0.27% of
total GDP.
(IBISWorld 2009) 4.2Market Growth
The table below shows the market growth of in percentage over the past three years: 2006–20072007–20082008–2009
Industry Revenue*3.1*1.3*0.9%
Industry Gross Product*–3.8*0.4*–0.9%
Number of Establishments*2.0*1.6*1.7%
Number of Enterprises*2.1*1.9*1.1%
Employment*3.6*2.3*2.3%
Total Wages*–11.8*–2.9*–3.9%
Domestic DemandNCNCNC%
(IBISWorld 2009)
The table below shows the market growth in AUS Dollars over the past three years: 2006–20072007–20082008–2009
Industry Revenue*10,481.9*10,993.1*11,494.0$Mill
Industry Gross Product*2,668.8*2,775.1*2,850.5$Mill
Number of Establishments*19,117*19,430*19,765Units
Number of Enterprises*13,643*13,901*14,050Units
Employment*74,394*76,110*77,890Units
Total Wages*1,896.6*1,906.8*1,898.2$Mill
Domestic DemandNCNCNC$Mill
(IBISWorld 2009)
The graphs below illustrate revenue performance within the industry over the past five years:
Revenue
Revenue Growth Rate (IBISWorld

Media; Levi Jeans Campaign Essay
Why in your opinion, was the Levi Strauss 501 campaign so successful?
The Levi Strauss 501 advertising campaign was so successful in 1984–1990 as it attracted the typical American teens selling independence, sexuality
and physical good looks, representing the perfect figure and body. It illustrated a complete lifestyle to the teenagers world. Admiring the fantasy of
idols James Dean and Marlon Brando, all connecting to the Levi guys (jeans) in the adverts, giving the impression of a sensual, healthy radiant aspect,
to the gazed audience. Falling for the act, teens still continued to buy the different types of jeans, whilst new ideas were being designed. People realise
now it was just a pretence illusion. Although these shams still occur ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This particular one reads 'Now available stonewashed!' Relating back to when he places the stones in the machine to be washed. Each storyline in the
commercials have an unpredictable ending. The adverts kept changing, the colour of the jeans changed from blue to black. They purposely did this to
make more money because since World War 11, people had more wealth. The teens had to be in with the latest fashion.
There is plenty of iconography throughout the adverts. The image of a dark, muscled, tanned bloke appears in each advert. This independent, sexy guy
is in it, as it will attract more customers to buy the jeans, thinking they will be like him (or the Levi's girl, who is stunning, free and healthy too). The
camera will constantly focus on the jeans, encouraging you to buy them. American styles emerge in every advert. A good example is the sunsets.
Usually at the end, a car (or Harley Davidson) will disappear into the sunset leaving with happy thoughts. Or skyscrapers will crop up in the
background reminding you it originated in America!
The red label on the jeans means everything so it is repeated frequently, many big close ups are used on them. At the beginning of each advertisement
music commences. The song will always relate to that specific advert. 'The Launderettes' song is by Marvin Gaye, 'Hurdle Through the Grapevine'.
The lyrics will constantly link to the story. This idea of

Comparing Women's Land Army And Contemporary Women
This is a comparative essay between the trousers of Women's Land Army and contemporary women's jeans. It will explore the similarities and
differences between them as well as looking into the cultural differences of the decades explaining why the appropriation is different for women
wearing trousers. Evidence and images in the text is taken from published books, peer assessed journals and internet articles.
The Women's Land Army was first started at the beginning of the First World War in 1914. The women took over farm work from the men who had
been deployed to the war fields.
This re–formation came with a new uniform which was very simple and practical for its purpose in the fields and farms, consisting of a coat, breeches
and a shirt as well as shoes and sometimes a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Different fibres can be mixed with the denim to create stretch or patterns in the weave. Different types of denim can be used including cotton denim,
nettle denim, cocona denim and many others made from innovative fibres.
However jeans will undoubtedly remain a staple part of a women's wardrobe with its
The use of denim has transpired from jeans into ready to wear collections including that of Yves Saint Laurent
Jeans have been embellished in many different ways to attract the attention of large designers and trend setters in fashion to help keep jeans a statement
in a women's wardrobe The Women's Land Armytrousers were a very functional pair of trousers with a specific use to be uniform worn in the fields
and on the farms whilst working.
The uniform was looked upon as part of a team of the WLA and therefore most of the women would wear it whilst working
Due to trousers being part of the uniform many felt they could move a lot easier in them and were able to do the farm work much quicker and with ease
The farm work that the WLA was occupied in meant that the trousers had to have certain aspects including pockets and easy

Descriptive Essay On Shopping Shop
I used to like to shop. Clothes, food, shoes, books...pretty much anything. I enjoyed wandering my way aimlessly through the mall just seeing
what there was to see. A few year ago I began to notice a strange phenomenon that, after extensive experimentation, I am now certain applies only to
me. It started out so innocently, just a little "excuse me" followed by hand reaching in front of me to grab a box of Cheerios off the shelf. I would
just smile and step to the left or right depending upon which direction the obviously starving shopper was jamming their way in front of me. I
mean, if you have to cut in front of someone for a box of Cheerios you must be starving, right? As time passed, it became more apparent to me that
this was not just a random occurrence, because no matter where I was SOMEONE would appear. I began to have the belief that perhaps I was
magnetic and thereby attracted others to my vicinity. What else could possibly explain how this could happen to me at every shopping trip? As I
shared my theory with others, it became clear that they thought I was off my rocker and were certain I was over exaggerating the stories for comic
effect. Really? How convenient that back to school shopping time arrived which created the perfect scenario to test my hypothesis once again.
Bonus child #3 needed jeans for school because and of course as a 17 year old he is way too cool to possibly go shopping with Pat and I. After
much discussion I learn that we just have to get his jeans from Old Navy because these are, of course, the only jeans he will wear upon his tiny
frame. Go figure. I hate Old Navy which only adds to the dreaded shopping experience. Concrete floors that shine like Grandma's kitchen linoleum,
too loud music from piped in mix tapes, odd looking mannequins that often are lacking limbs, and that poor dog statue with the permanent panting
face that greets you as you walk in...yuck. Like a heat seeking missile, I head directly for the boy jean area guided by the jean tower that is stacked
precariously like Jenga on scaffolding. Pat is trailing in my wake as I try to make quick time to avoid what I am sure is about to once again happen to
me. I've explained what has happened to me in

The History and Future of Denim
Introduction As the world revolves, there are a lot of changes that happens in the world. For example, in terms of technology, there are a lot of
improvements already. Back then, for example, features of mobile phones were only call and text. But more ideas have been developed and people
have started to think about how to improve some things so that they can attract more consumers. The result is there are now more, in this case,
high–tech phones with carious incredible features such as access to social media, hi–quality camera's ability to upload to and download from the
Internet, e–readers, and video calls for quicker and easier communication. In the world of fashion, there is denim. It is one of the world's oldest fabrics,
and has ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Figure 1.4 Illustration of indigo cultivation in Bengal, 1881. [Courtesy of "Views from the Illustrated London News and The Graphic," South Asia
study resources compiled by Fances Pritchet]
Figure 1.5 Indigofera tinctoria or indigo was packaged into small cakes to be sold easily to Baghdad markets. [Courtesy of
www.indianoceanhistory.com]
The demand for indigo cake increased as many wanted to use the cake for various purposes, such as using it as a blue dye for their painting. However,
the supply of indigo cake was decreasing due to the hard production method, resulting a fluctuation in its price. But, a German chemist, Johann
Friedrich Willhelm Adolf von Baeyer, developed a cheaper alternative method by making synthetic indigo. He started working with indigo in 1865. His
work resulted in the first chemical synthesis of indigo, in 1880. And then, three years later, he announced the chemical structure of synthetic indigo. He
then sold this invention to BASF (Badische Anilin– und Soda–Fabrik), an international chemical company, for $100,000. Synthetic indigo, by 1913,
had almost completely replaced natural indigo, and by 2002, 17000 tons of synthetic indigo were produced worldwide.
Figure 1.6 Adolf von Baeyer, a German chemist, who invented synthetic indigo. [Courtesy of

Blue Jeans, the Ultimate American Icon Essay examples
Blue Jeans, the Ultimate American Icon
Gold was discovered in California in 1849. This resulted in more than eighty thousand American's rushing to California. The pioneering spirit spread
and by 1890, the West's population reached nearly 17 million. The west became the most racially diverse part of the country. All were in search of a
better life for themselves and their families, seeking what would become known as the American Dream. During this time innovation and creation were
prompting remarkable growth in industry. New products that made life more tolerable were spreading to all classes of people. One popular item of
clothing that can trace its roots to the Gold Rush is blue jeans. Blue jeans grew out of necessity but they now ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
When film spread across the country in the early 1900's so did romanticized pictures of the west. Western films portrayed the conquest of the frontier
in the name of civilization. In these films, the plot was almost always about good versus bad. The films usually showed the cowboy riding into a
lawless town and restoring order. Typical elements of western films included breathtaking settings and open landscapes. In all the western films, the
cowboys wore the same wardrobe, blue jeans and boots. Americans living in the East became enamored with the West. Easterners began traveling west
to places like dude ranches to experience the spirit of the Wild West. Of course, the experience was not complete with out the costume. Thus, blue jeans
were purchased for the first time by non–westerners.
Blue jeans were no longer just for the hard working miners. People from the East bought them for trips to the West. They brought them back East
with them. In the East, blue jeans were not worn often by all. Schoolchildren, boys in particular were often the only ones wearing them. Parents,
especially those of limited means, bought jeans for their children because of their durability. During the 1930's blue jeans were found all throughout
schools. Children grew up wearing blue jeans. Jeans had become a common article of clothing for a new generation. Blue jeans sales rose at a steady
pace after the Great Depression.
When

Argumentative Essay: Can War Be Justified?
How can going to war be justified? In order to come to terms with making war, from the perspective of a Just War Theorist, the principles of justice in
going to war must be defined. Justification in going to war is a topic which has shown up throughout the centuries and is commonly categorized as
force to keep evil at bay through the means of a proper governing authority taking violent action, with right intentions, for a just cause. Deeply rooted in
the scriptures of the Old Testament, this ethical position on war was founded by several Church Fathers, including Augustine of Hippo. According to
these and other Just War Theorists, the criteria for using force are regarded as Jus ad Bellum, which is Latin meaning "right to war". Traditionally, the
main principles of Jus ad Bellum are proper authority, just cause, and right intention. Throughout the years, Thomas Aquinas, Darrell Cole, Jean
Elshtain, and many others further articulated and formulated their ideas of "just" war based on the ideas laid out by the founding theologians.
Expand on main aspects – just cause, proper authority, right intention ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
"A warrior who gives victory" (Zephaniah 3:13) is a picture of God, which arises ubiquitously in the Old Testament. David, Jeremiah, and many others
speak of God with a warlike character that brings judgment upon mankind. God is not exclusively described as a warrior though; He is attributed with
characteristics of mercy, love, compassion, justice, judgment, and truth. (Exodus 34:6–7) When looking at the God of the Old Testament versus that of
the New, there have been controversies in regards to whether or not the Bible portrays the same God. According to Augustine, God's covenant is what
changes between the Testaments but most definitely not His character. "Christ is the same yesterday today and forever." (Hebrews

Levi Strauss And The Black Jeans
Denim has been a part of American culture for more than 100 years, and is common all over the world. It has developed over the years and has
become a central part of most people's wardrobes. Denim went beyond just the pair of blue jeans and is used to make shirts and jackets, increasing its
value as a fabric. I strongly believe that there are very few articles of clothing that are as versatile and easy to wear as a pair of jeans. With that said, I
feel that jeans will be a staple in fashion for both men and women for many years to come. The origins of denim come from a man named Levi Strauss,
who saw a need for type of pants that would last longer. The jeans would mostly be used for laborers during the Gold Rush in the late 1800s. So, on
May 20, 1873, Levi Strauss and his financial partner Jacob Davis created the blue jeans (Our Story). His brand, Levi Strauss and Co., also known as
simply Levi's has become one of the most well–known denim brands in America. Little did Levi Strauss know, but he would be the catalyst for one
the most iconic and durable garments of clothing to date. It wasn't until the 1930s that denim became an item that was worn in everyday life rather
just a pant to wear while working. In the 30s there were many Western movies with cowboys wearing denim jeans, which became very popular for
Americans (History). In the 1940s, during World War 2, the denim overall was introduced and was worn by off
–duty soldiers (History). This was the
time that brands like

Essay on Just War Doctrine And The Gulf Conflict
Just War Doctrine and the Gulf Conflict
In evaluating US involvement in the Iraq conflict in terms of the Just
War Doctrine – jus ad bellum and jus in bello – it is my opinion that the US adhered to the Doctrine in its entirety. The US acted justly both in its
entering into the Gulf conflict (jus ad bellum) and in its conduct while in the conflict (jus in bello). To support this opinion I will individually address
the co parts that constitute the Just WarDoctrine and show how US participation in the Iraq war abstained from violating the tenets of either co–part.
Jus Ad Bellum
Jus Ad Bellum, the justness of entering into conflict consists of six primary tenets: legitimate authority, just cause,... Show more content on
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Only after all non– conflictory options have been exhausted should war be committed to.
As to the question of whether or not the US adhered to the tenet of jus ad bellum the reply is a resounding yes. The US, under legitimate authority
undertook the just cause of alleviating the plight of a coalition partner.
Saddam Husseins invasion of Kuwait was unjust, or at least in violation of the
Just War Doctrine, and the US sought to reconcile matters. The goal, the removal of Iraqi forces from Kuwait, was a just one and was pursued
proportionally. For nearly six months the US and other UN/coalition partners made every diplomatic effort to resolve the conflict peacefully. Secretary
General of UN Security Council Junio Perez de Cuellar made several attempts to hash out a peaceful plan with Saddam Hussein directly and during this
time the
US abstained from any military action. In conjunction with efforts of Perez de
Cuellar, US Secretary of State James Baker spent countless hours negotiating directly with the Iraqi Foreign Minister in an attempt to bring about a
non– violent end to the crisis. When all efforts failed to bring an end to the conflict by peaceful means the UN Security Council drafted Resolution 678
which authorized "all means necessary" to dislodge Iraqi forces from Kuwait. In one last effort US President George Bush sent a direct
communiquГ© to Saddam Hussein
asking

Essay on Levis Case
Levis Case
1. Do you think that Levi's was correct to keep the Levi Strauss name on its Signature line? Or would it have been better off creating a completely
new brand name? Present both sides of the case. Take and justify a position.
I don't think they were correct to use that brand name because the Levi Straus is bringing down the Levis name. Personally I would not buy Levis
jeans anymore if I knew that there were such low price Levis jeans around. It degrades the brand to the eyes of the higher end customers.
2. What do you think Levi's image is among the following? What are the marketing implications of your response?
a. Tween girls (aged 10 to 12) (I don't think they will necessarily have a strong opinion, at this age jeans... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
5. Repeat Question4 before and after the introduction of Levi's Eco. What are the marketing implications of the differences?
Levis Jeans, affordable to very expensive, not so cool because of too much diversity, for all ages. Now saying that Levis Jeans are for everyone and so
loosing its value in the eyes of consumers.
6. Which of the six environmental activism segments discussed in Chapter 3 (p. 90) does the Levi's Eco jean appeal to most? Explain.
The Levis Eco will appeal mostly to the True Naturals because they express deeply felt environmental concerns and tailor their actions and purchases
to these beliefs. Since the jeans are made out of organic cotton, the True Naturals will be very appealed by it since they are for saving the environment.
7. Given what you know about organic buyers from Chapter 3, do you think Levi's Eco helps Levi's with younger consumers? Explain.
Given what I know, Levis Eco brand will not interest the younger customers because in the most part, the younger don't really pay attention to
environmental issues and so having organic cotton jeans will not impress them to the point that they will buy it for that matter.
8. Do you think there is a core image of Levi's that can survive across the wide range of prices and outlets that it operates in? What is it?
I don't believe there can be just one core image about Levis because it has such a wide variety of brands. Levis will be seen as whatever each customer
thinks of what

Essay on The Just War Doctrine
War, in all its forms, is tragic. International law was created to establish some basis of rules to abide by–including war–and states have signed on to
such a contract. The actions of states in this ever globalizing world are difficult to be controlled. The source of international law operates through the
hands of the United Nations. The enforcement of the law occurs through reciprocity, collective action, and a display of international norms (Goldstein,
p. 254). War in fact has been given a justification, though it is arguable whether or not the basis of the idea is correct. Wars can be just under certain
conditions.
The just war doctrine was written to define a justification for wars. Ultimately, the legality of wars is laid out by the ... Show more content on
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A morally just war must be waged for the purpose of responding to aggression, and the initial purpose must be just.
Jus ad bellum refers to the situation in which a war is permissible. The reason for going to war must be just and cannot be simply to take back what
once belonged to a state. The damage from threat must be shown, whether this be actions of the aggressors already made, or just by verbal threat.
Force may only be used for a truly just purpose. Weapons and arms are only suggested if it will create success for the state at war. (More modernly it
seems that war is fought in self–defense, and this seems to be defined now as a just war.) After a war has been inflicted, the concepts to be followed
have been defined under jus in bello, or the way war is carried out. Non–combatants may not be harmed in a just war, and hence bombing of innocent
civilians is unjust. As previously stated, one way to ensure a winning could include the use of arms; however, it may be in a state's self interest to
keep the use of arms at a minimum in order to minimize destruction. These ideals are all based on norms, and law is usually enforced and created from
tradition (Goldstein, 255).
In today's age, the just war theory may be beneficial for a state to follow these norms. For example, in the current war between the United States and
Iraq, our initial intentions were just. Our initial intentions–as told to the American

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