Physical Description Of The Piazza Del Campo In Siena, Italy

Physical Description Of The Piazza Del Campo In Siena, Italy
Introduction During the Late Middle Ages town squares and piazzas were starting to become more
common around the world for the purpose of getting people together and entertainment. It can be
argued that Piazza del Campo in Siena, Italy is the most influential example of these types of
structures. The Piazza del Campo helped the advancement of the Medieval piazzas, by incorporating
different materials and design elements while still reflecting their original style of design. The
typology of this site is a civic space and a space for entertainment. This paper will describe the
Piazza del Campo and provide a historical view of the piazza in the way of its cultural form. This
paper will first talk about its physical description, it will explore topics such as the structure,
decorative aspects and materials used. After talking about the physical description, the historical
context of the Piazza will be discussed, as well as the principles of deign which will include the
form, function, environmental context and social context. The Piazza del Campo acted as a
precedent for art, architecture and town planning. Physical Description
Figure 1: Plan of Piazza del Campo, showing the open space and its conventional shape.
The structure of the Piazza del Campo demonstrates the Gothic, Romanesque and renaissance
architectural styles of the Late Middle Ages. The piazza is located at the center or the "Heart" of
Siena, Italy (Centre, U.W, n.d.). It is situated between Siena Town Hall
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Quotes About Love: Catherine Of Siena
Catherine of Siena has many great quotes especially her quotes about love. Catherine was born on
the 25th of March, 1347 in a family of 25 children. Catherine lived in Tuscany, Italy with both father
Giacomo di Benincasa and mother Lapa Piagenti. Her mother and father wanted her to be happily
married but she wished only to be a nun. At the very young age of six Jesus visited her and blessed
her. She was very honest with Jesus and scolded him when he was not around to help her in her
needs. One night when the people of Siena were out on the streets celebrating. The little baby Jesus
and his mother Mary appeared to Catherine who was praying alone in her room. Mary took
Catherine's hand and the infant Jesus put a ring on the saint's finger and

Saint Catherine Of Sienas: Caterina Benincasa
Saint Catherine of Sienas original name is Caterina Benincasa and she was one of twenty five
children. She was the Third Order of the Dominicans, an academic Philosopher, a studier of
theology and she had a primary influence on the Catholic Church. Due to her having such a large
influence, she was declared a Saint and doctor of the Roman Catholic Church. Born on the 25th
March, 1347 Siena, Italy she passed on the 29th April, 1380 Rome, Italy at thirty three years. Her
passing was caused by a stroke she'd suffered from eight days before and had paralysed her from the
waist down.
Catherine was canonized on the 29th June, 1461, by Pope Pius II several decades after her passing.
Her saint day is celebrated on the 29th of April, according to the ... Show more content on
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She's best known for her devotion, as well as the "invisible" stigmata she carried on her hands,
received for her adoration of the cross. They're said to be invisible because her whole life, they were
visible to no one else but herself. Only until after her death were others able to see them. For years,
she lived only on the holy Eucharist. She experienced almost every mystical, holy gift you can think
of, including levitation, exorcisms, healing, invisible stigmata, and numerous visions of Christ,
Blessed Virgin Mary, the Saints and the Devil.
From St. Catherine of Siena, we can learn that no matter the situation we should still care and assist
others. Throughout her lifetime, Catherine was constantlyserving others. Many people say that
sinners whom meet her couldn't ignore or resist her holiness; not one who met her did not convert.
She worked constantly to relieve the sufferers of the plague, even burying them with her own hands.
This saint is a very admirable person in my eyes and I believe we can all learn something from

Road To Siena Research Paper
Day 4. Castello Di Meleto – Siena– Terme San Giovanni – Siena (62,2km) Breakfast. Road to
Siena, a must see city in the Tuscany. Accommodation at the hotel Relais degli Angeli (4 star). Then,
you will enjoy a guided visit through the city, starting at the magnificent Piazza del Campo, one of
the biggest medieval squares in the world. Following with the visit of the Cathedral of Santa Maria
Assunta, which is famous by its interior; the Pinoteca Nazionale, in the Palazzo Buonsignori, will
delight you with his elegance and its extraordinary collections; and in the Civic Museum of Palazzo
Pubblico will attract you for its interior and its beautiful facade. Then, you can drive to the romantic
and relaxing Terme San Giovanni, the perfect place to

Late Medieval Italy ( 13th And 13th Centuries )
Late Medieval Italy (13th and 14th centuries) ( Syed Meesam Rasool) Chapter 14
We begin our narrative into the Late Medieval period. Europe was prospering with good crop
harvest, expanding population and a degree of economic stability in the Eurasian trade routes,
brought about by the Mongol rule in the east. Focus of this paper is mainly in Italy, at this time in
Italy, there were no centralized monarchy, and rather we have land primarily divided into city states
having their own ruling parties. The kingdom of Naples and Sicily in the south, the papacy ruling
the center of the peninsula and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
He wasn't the very first artist to come upon these ideals but he has given this mantle by Giorgio
Vasari in his book written in 1550 titled " The Lives of the artists". Vasari was contemporary to
many famous Renaissance artists that we know about including Michelangelo.
Giotto's Early work is seen in the freshness of the upper church of San Francisco in Assisi. It is
possible that he worked on the upper church with his teacher Cimabue. Giotto took the expertise of
his teacher and refined it into more naturalistic degree. This can be seen in Cimabue's Madonna
Enthroned with Angels and Prophets and Giotto's Madonna Enthroned. Giotto's version had figures
more rendered and there is a refining of the features, the drapery and the painting as a whole, you
can see the light source coming from the single direction and illuminating the figures on each side.
This helps create sense of space and believability. This same painting was also painted by another
artist in Siena named Duccio.
The more mature work of Giotto which made him the leader in the development of the western
paining is the fresno's in the Arena Chapple. These painting were executed as Fresco, a method
whereby moist plaster was applied only to an area of the painting that could be painted within that
same day. It is possible that Giotto could have employed members of his workshop to help paint the
less significant figures and details of the painting. This

Art In The Renaissance
During the period of the Renaissance, many prolific artists were commissioned by prominent
families and or groups to create works of art to show personal affluence and dedication to a faith or
deity. These actions, seemingly harmless, gave rise to much competition between cities, and some
more so than others. Such competition was common, especially considering the fact that Italy was
not yet a unified country and was divided up into various city states. As the city states were ruled by
affluent families, or prominent groups of people such as guilds or church leaders, rivalries often
were due to disputes between said groups. Such was the case in Florence and Siena, as their many
wars against one another sealed their opposition. To demonstrate this competition between major
cities, one must look at works of art in each respective city and how each relates to one another. To
do this, one can look at two prominent Maestá paintings commissioned in both Florence and Siena
by the same artist. To begin, artists were influenced by the city in which they were commissioned. In
this, artists' work often reflects styles or themes of the cities in which they are working at certain
points in time. Take Duccio for example. His first commission for a Maestá was in Florence for a
Dominican–oriented group that sought to do good deeds in the name of the Virgin Mary. Therefore
it comes as no surprise that the altarpiece for the Santa Maria Novella church would depict the
Virgin Mary and the Christ Child as the main subject matter. As Duccio was a Sienese painter and
was influenced by other Sienese painters, many aspects of Sienese artistry is evident in his
paintings, but he clearly adheres to the vertical–style altarpieces with which many Florentines were
commissioning around that time that were depicting the same subject matter. In the painting, the
Virgin Mary and the Christ Child sit in the middle while various angelic beings, possessing the
likenesses of different saints, hover around the throne. The throne that the Virgin Mary sits on is not
large and does not take up a lot of space, thus allowing the few figures on the sides of the throne to
float freely. In the painting, Duccio portrayed his figures in a more natural

Educational Achievement Gap Between Esl Students And...
Abstract
The proposed research is designed to analyze one of the major issues in contemporary education
which is the educational achievement gap between ESL (English as a Second Language) students
and native English speakers. The research is designed to study the lack of effort from school
officials to integrate cultural needs of minorities in their education which enables them to succeed as
much as others. The focus of this study is to compare the academic opportunities between ESL
students and native English speaker students and said opportunities affect their academic success.
Participants will be 100 siena students 50 ESL and 50 native English speakers. Participants will take
a survey in which they will provide information about their educational experience in middle school
and high school and how said experiences affected their educational achievements in a negative
and/or positive way.
2. Literature Review The educational system in the United States fails to acknowledge the
importance of integrating different cultural components such as first language in the education of
minorities. Social institutions like schools tend to neutralize their structures to fit the needs of the
dominant groups. For the purpose of this study, the dominant group in the context of linguistic is
predicted to have more resources available to succeed academically than the subordinate groups.
The achievement gap in our education system has been studied by many in the

Millard Meiss's Painting In Florence And Siena After The...
The Black Death left more than an impact on the population of Florence and Siena in Italy, it
impacted the economy, the religious views, and the art of the thirteenth century. Millard Meiss in his
book Painting In Florence And Siena After The Black Death highlights the changes that occur in the
artistic world in Florence and Siena after the Black Death hits in 1348, 1363, and 1374. He focuses
on the similarities between the two cities and reasons behind them such as the common experience
of economic failure, pestilence, social conflict, their fear, sense of guilt, and varieties of their
religious response (P. 8).
Millard Meiss was a historian of late medieval and early Renaissance art. He went to New York
University where he studied medieval ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The chapter is structured to tell of the economic and political crises the cities experienced leading up
to the Black Death then moves onto the effects the plague had on culture and art. In the section
about the Black Death, Meiss used statistics of deaths in the cities to prove himself credible on the
subject but did not state the source from which he got the numbers. He also included anecdotes from
survivors such as Angolo di Tura to give a sense of imagery of the bodies piled up in the streets, "
piling them up tier upon tier as merchandise is stowed in a ship" (P. 65). In the section labeled The
Effect Upon Culture And Art, Meiss talks about the new opinions on art specifically about religious
art, which there was a new demand for. He explains in detail after the plague people led lives of
irresponsible pleasure. The reason Meiss talked about this consequence of the plague the most in the
chapter was to show how the people of the two cities lived each day like it was their last and became
self–indulgent. He ties the conclusion of the chapter back to art and how the artists of the time
transitioned into a new movement of greater

Comparing Thomas Aquinas And Catherine Of Siena
Self–knowledge is a highly discussed topic by many prominent philosophers. Two of these
philosophers are Thomas Aquinas and Catherine of Siena. The philosopher, Thomas Aquinas, is a
very important figure in medieval philosophy. He has discussed various topics, including self–
knowledge. In addition, "he was influenced, philosophically, by past philosophers as well as those
who became his mentors and contemporaries. Among these the most important was, of course,
Aristotle" (MacIntosh, 2017, p. 1). Another philosopher that has extensively examined self–
knowledge is Catherine of Siena. She is a "renowned medieval theologian and Doctor of the
Catholic Church" (Nemes & Wessling, 2017, p. 303). Although both philosophers have discussed
self–knowledge, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
She believes that self–knowledge must be obtained internally. In Late Medieval Mysticism, she
states that "maintaining itself in the sweet retreat of self–knowledge and of God's goodness, the soul
comes humbly to see itself for what it is" (Petry, 1957, p. 265). This shows that Catherine of Siena
believes that in order for us to understand and obtain self–knowledge, we must retreat ourselves
towards God. In this manner, our soul will try to understand itself, thus allowing us to obtain self–
knowledge. Furthermore, Catherine of Siena mentions that "the soul, who is lifted by a very great
and yearning desire for the honor of God and the salvation of souls, begins by exercising herself, for
a certain space of time, in the ordinary virtues, remaining in the cell of self–knowledge, in order to
know better the goodness of God toward her" (Petry, section 1, p. 270). This part of the text may
refer to Catherine's own struggle to obtain self–knowledge. This is because she spent a lot of her life
in isolation from the age of 18 to 23, which she did in order to exercise her soul (Hennig, 2018, p.
1). As mentioned before, she believed this would allow her to "[remain] in the cell of self–
knowledge" (Petry, section 1, p. 270) and that it would allow her to know the goodness of God. In
addition, she states that "if thou wilt arrive at a perfect knowledge and enjoyment of me, the Eternal
Truth, that thou shouldest never go outside the knowledge of thyself, ... thou wilt know me and
thyself" (Petry, section 4, p. 274). This statement demonstrates that if you are able to understand
God internally, it will enable you to obtain self–knowledge. In other words, this reiterates
Catherine's view that understanding God internally is the way to understand

The 's Major Communal Centers : The Cathedral Complex, The...
Throughout the centuries, Siena has been preserved to look as it did in the time of it's construction.
It is a beautiful Medieval city resting in the Tuscan hills, the characteristic red brick well suited to
the lush green landscape. Walking through the streets, you might see the Siena coat of arms in the
windows, the Balzana, alongside depictions of the Virgin Mary, or a theme of black and white. You
might see intricate carvings in the pavement, symbols from a different time. What you would be
passing by is the history of Siena– the true fabric of the identity of this medieval community. But
what is old, and what is new? What did being a part of this community in the thirteenth century
mean, and what does it mean now? How has the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The actual symbol is mentioned in various accounts being in the cathedral itself, something that I
would be curious to find and note placement. The Balzana adornes a lot of Siena's public buildings,
and their are varied accounts to what it means. It is a reference to Senio and Ascanio, but about the
smoke from the fire they lit to thank the gods for the city Siena. How prevalent is the coat of arms?
Is it considered more history or legend? Much of the work inside of the church was commissioned
by the city; most prominently, the Maestà. It is a large depiction of the Virgin in Majesty. Flanking
the Virgin are the four patron saints of the city; Saint Ansanus, Saint Sabinus, Saint Crescentius and
Saint Victor. The piece expresses the formal dedication of the city to the Virgin in 1260 at the Battle
of Montaperti against the Florentines. When it was hung in the Duomo, the piece was carried in a
grand procession from Duccio di Niccolo's workshop through the streets of the city, until it was
hung above the altar in the cathedral. The celebration of the piece was a city–held ordeal; an event
that gives clues to how close the church and state were linked in the identity of this community. I am
curious to find where else the virgin is depicted, and what her symbol represents to the city today.
The piece has been removed from its original display to the Cathedral Museum, along with other
famous works including The Feast

Creative Writing: Catherine's Requiem
"Oh my gosh! Is that mine? Is that really for me?" Siena shrieked with excitement as she walked
outside and saw the car her mother had gotten her. "Yes, it is," her mother answered, "I know it's not
what you wanted, or nearly as new, but it's the best I could find within our price range, happy
birthday sweetheart." "It's perfect, thank you mom. I'm going to call Elissa and ask if she wants to
hang out with me." Siena ran up to her room to call her friend. After a long talk, the two decided on
going to the mall. Quickly, Siena got dressed and rushed out the door to Elissa's house. "Took you
long enough," Siena called to her friend as she ran out of her house. Opening the car door, Elissa
replied, "When am I ever on time? You should know this by now." ... Show more content on
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When the girls did arrive at the mall they noticed everyone crowding around a corner in the parking
lot. "What's that?" Elissa questioned, "What is everyone staring at?" Suddenly, from behind the
crowd of people Siena and Elissa saw a girl from their class, Jesse, standing around a luxurious, new
looking car. Walking up to Siena, Jesse said, "Ew, what is that hunk of junk? Is that even a car?"
Siena was speechless, she had never heard someone act so rude about something as insignificant as
the looks of a car. So what if her car wasn't as nice? "If you can't even afford a decent looking car
how are you going to afford to buy anything here?" Jesse laughed with her friends and walked away
with pride. "What a jerk!" Elissa mumbled. "Why didn't you say anything to her?" "Let's just go
inside," Siena sighed, "everyone knows Jesse loves to brag. I'll just ignore

Summary Of Catherine Of Siena
Catherine of Siena furthers the discussion about death when she uses her dialogue to allude to the
drama of the human destiny. Catherine does this with much passion by describing heaven and hell,
and further by touching on aspects of the will and its power. She utilizes comparisons and vivid
details of the eternal life in order for her reader to grasp the immense power of God and the horrid
precautions of refusing him.
Catherine of Siena understands the human will as being something that humans have the power to
control. The human will is described as being "yours, given by me (God) with the power of free
choice," which means that humans have the power to choose evil or choose good. To further
emphasize the control humans have over the will, she compares it to being like a weapon. In her
example she explains that if an individual chooses sin they have put their will "in the devil's hands...
which he pursues and kills you."18 On the contrary to allowing the devil take control, and individual
is also described as being able to refuse temptations and through that become strengthened.
Catherine of Siena describes heaven as being a place where there is nothing but a deep love and
bound between God and his believers. She describes the people there as having a desire for God for
forever and yet that desire is satisfied fully.19 Catherine also speaks on all of the rejoicing that will
occur in heaven, this referring to the souls in heaven as rejoicing in their love for God forever.

Letters To Saint Catherine Of Siena San Dominic Church
Catherine was born March 25, 1347, as the 23rd child of Jacopo and Lapa Benincasa. She grew up
as a cheerful, intelligent and intensely religious person. When she was 6, she had a vision of Christ
at the Siena San Dominic Church. By the age of 7, she had a vow of chastity to never get married.
Catherine cut off her hair in order to protest against her mother in order to improve her appearance
to attract a husband. Her father supported her and gave her a room in order to pray and mediate in
peace. She joined the Dominican Third Order at 18 and spent three years in prayer, austerity and
seclusion. She died in April 29, 1380 St Catherine of Sienna dedicated her life to helping Siena's
poor and sick. She wrote many letters to Pope Gregory XI, urging

Comparing Renaissance Paintings: Simone Marini And...
Before the Renaissance, paintings from the classical time are about nothing but religion.
Expressionless faces of Jesus Christ, the Madonna and the saints made them inaccessible to people.
People's body and minds were both framed, and the existence of human being seemed to be
negligible and worthless compare to gods. "Man is only a reed, the weakest thing in nature", as
Blaise Pascal points out, but he continues with the most important phrase: "but he is a thinking
reed". Thinking gives human the ability to love, to argue, to explore and to learn. Renaissance is
much about the progress of restoring the glory of human himself. During this progress, we can
clearly observe that human was gradually playing more and more significant roles in the ... Show
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From Dante writing a book that everyone can read to Giotto giving emotions to his paintings, from
Ghiberti and Brunelleschi competing for designing the door of the baptistery to Cosimo founding
the Neoplatonic Academy, Renaissance made great progress from 1300s to 1500s. In general,
Simone made his Annunciation in 1333, the early developing period of Renaissance; Leonardo's in
1472, during the climax of Renaissance. If the differences in genres made these two paintings
different in their techniques of expression, the different time periods they were created gave them
different

Influences of the Medici Family During the Renaissance
The Renaissance was a very important time period in the world. Without the Renaissance many
things besides the art world would be different. Another thing would be the banking system. What
people consider art could be completely different. The Medici family really helped Florence become
the main city of the Renaissance. At one point, sienna would have been the main city because people
believed that just looking at their city was like art. Just looking at the city made someone shiver.
Siena had a few things that it could offer but nothing like what Florence had to offer. Although Siena
was an advanced city at the end of the Middle Ages Florence surpassed it to become the center of
the Renaissance mostly due to the Medici family. At one point during the Renaissance Siena was
supposed to be the center of the Renaissance. Florence eventually took it over to become the center
(travelrental). Sienna enjoyed architecture and that was mostly what people considered art during
this time period. Another reason was because Siena was a beautiful city with really pretty views.
Nobody during this time period really knew what real art was except for some really famous
painters (spitz 110). The architecture on the buildings of Sienna was absolutely outstanding. Many
people came to visit just so that they could see the outstanding detailed buildings. A visitor could not
walk down a street in Siena without seeing one marvelous building filled with design (courtauld).
Siena was a city that

Artemisia Gentileschi Essay
Artemisia Gentileschi and Saint Catherine of Siena are two women in Roman history that have
perseverance and strength in a male dominated world in Rome, which can be seen in their legends
(histories), popular memory, and presentation (churches). Artemisia Gentileschi was born on July
8th, 1593 in Rome (Bissell, 153). Her father, Orazio Gentileschi was a Tuscan painter and her
mother was Prudentia Montone. Her mother died and Orazio raised and provided for Artemisia and
her siblings. Although uncommon at the time, Gentileschi trained in painting and became a
sensation in the craft. In addition, Gentileschi painted several artworks for her father and did sell
some of her own works. (Cohen, 49). Her style compares to Caravaggio's dramatic, strong ... Show
Ward. "Artemisia Gentileschi–A New Documented Chronology." The Art Bulletin, vol. 50, no. 2,
1968, pp. 153–168. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3048529.
Cohen, Elizabeth S. "The Trials of Artemisia Gentileschi: A Rape as History." The Sixteenth
Century Journal, vol. 31, no. 1, 2000, pp. 47–75. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/2671289.
Daley, Jason. "Rome Is Finally Restoring the Mausoleum of Augustus." Smithsonian.com.
Smithsonian Institution, 04 May 2017. Web. 09 July 2017.
Erasmo, Mario. Strolling through Rome: The Definitive Walking Guide to the Eternal City. London:
I.B. Tauris &, 2015. Print.
Hintzen–Bohlen, Brigitte, and JuÌˆrgen Sorges. Rome and the Vatican City: Art & Architecture.
Potsdam, Germany: H.f. Ullmann, 2013. Print.
Leach, Eleanor W. "FORTUNE'S EXTREMITIES: Q. LUTATIUS CATULUS AND LARGO
ARGENTINA TEMPLE B: A ROMAN CONSULAR AND HIS MONUMENT." Memoirs of the
American Academy in Rome, vol. 55, 2010, pp. 111–134. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/41419690.
Online, Catholic. "St. Catherine of Siena – Saints & Angels." Catholic Online. Catholic Online,
Web. 08 July 2017. http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?saint_id=9.
"St. Catherine of Siena." Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica, web. 06 July 2017.

St. Catherine Of Siena
St. Catherine of Siena lived a meaningful life that changed the way Catholics lived. She was born in
Siena, Italy March 25th 1347 during the outbreak of the plague. During this time even the nobles
were unable to question the teachings of the Church allowing and the Pope to maintain a position of
power over the kingdom. Catherine's teachings, reached the 'highest levels of both civil and church
politics, she was a very compassionate individual who only saw the good in people. She often
helped people who had been neglected from treatment by others. Catherine left us with over three
hundred and eighty letters to various people, and several written prayers.
Catherine of Siena was a woman who was influenced by God in extraordinary ways during late
medieval Italy. She spoke up for the people who had no voice, after becoming a nurse she treated
and helped the patients that were neglected to be treated by others. Her selflessness ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Catherine's lack of education never held her down, she had one of the most brilliant theological
minds of her day. She sent many meaningful and enticing letters and became well known to society
today. Catherine's letters where mostly about the fight she put up about having an urban and lawful
pope, she often wrote the lord, texts from the bible and the church.
Catherine made a big positive difference to society then and now. Her teachings, reached the 'highest
levels of both civil and church politics' and she was a very compassionate individual who only saw
the good in people. Without the fight she put up about having an urban and lawful pope, the law
these days and the criteria for becoming a pope would be less particular and the society might not
have been as well off. Catherina compassion towards the church and people is admirable as she
often brought out the best in

Altarpiece Of St. Louis Of Toulouse And The Renaissance
While most Renaissance art is easily attributable to the artist that created it, an artist's work could
vary dramatically depending on the city and patron for which the piece was commissioned. The
fourteenth century Sienese artist Simone Martini was and example of these easily recognizable
artists. Martini was known for his Gothic style that was influenced by northern Europe, but within
two of his panel paintings, The Altarpiece of St. Louis of Toulouse and The Annunciation, he
exhibited different stylistic and compositional strategies. This variation in style was dependent upon
the social, political, and civic contexts of each city which shaped the imagery that appeared within
the works of art. This variation in Martini's work displayed the tremendous influence that the patron
could choose to take over the execution of a work of art during this particular period in history.
Martini's Altarpiece of St. Louis of Toulouse, completed in 1319, was commissioned by Robert the
Wise, the third king of Naples. Naples, throughout its modern history, has had a strong connection to
France due to its location, identity as a port city, and familial ties between the French monarchy and
its own. The city became part of the Sicilian Kingdom in 1264 when the grandfather of Robert the
Wise and brother of King Louise IX of France, Charles I, was declared the king of the two Sicilies
combining the Kingdom of Naples and the Kingdom of Sicily. This installation of a king sparked a
construction

Siena Heights University: A Case Study
Siena Heights University was founded in 1919 by the Adrian Dominican Sisters in Adrian,
Michigan. It was first established under the name Saint Joseph's College, and by the 1950's it was
recognized as one of the ten best women's liberal arts colleges ("Mission and Statements, n.d.). The
name was changed in 1975 to honor Saint Catherine of Siena who dedicated her life to the pursuit of
truth and social responsibility. The school started out as a women college with a specialty in
teaching but during the 60's it became co–ed. In 1975 the school started a revolutionary project by
helping adult students attain a higher education degree ("Mission and Statements, n.d"). This
allowed the school to begin opening satellite sites to help students who

Italian Gothic Architecture Affecting The Sienese And The...
During the early Renaissance age, numerous magnum opuses were created to assess the human's
knowledge. Right now, the Gothic Design was affecting the Sienese and the Florentine. The Gothic
engineering started in French and the general population of Italy was enlivened by the way of life,
the idea and the thoughts the houses of worship. The basilica of Siena and Florence and the Town
Lobby of Siena characterized the Gothic advancement through the early ages. The beginning of the
Italian Gothic model through Nicola and Giovanni Pisano's work exhibits how much the Italian
impact was the French Gothic.
The introduction of Gothic Architecture started in France during the 13 Century with the church of
God of Our Woman of Amiens. The church building was worked ... Show more content on
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The pillars were the tall stone that holds the cathedral together and makes it higher keeping near to
God. The point arches were the essential pieces that made to imagery the gothic Design since it is
such masterwork of workmanship. Nonetheless, the Gothic Design was on the most powerful of
craftsmanship on the grounds that through the ages Florence and Siena single out the plans to
manufacture holy places with the Gothic purpose of perspectives.
Despite everything, the Gothic Design was attempting the most powerful timeframe. Consistently,
the Gothic thoughts were spreading all over Europe. Lastly, it had arrived in Italy.Siena and
Florence are the main focus during this because those two cities are trying to bring their own
concept into it. To start with the church cathedral of Siena, it is delightful and extremely artistic. The
architectures in Siena are influential thoughts from the French with colored glass window, the
pillars, the apes and the point arches. To symbolize the ambitious aspirations of the population, they
intended to assemble the church building at the high purpose of the city. For the development of the
cathedral, both inside and outside have a remarkable

Easter Story Vs Duccio
I will be comparing and contrasting the Easter Story by Giotto Di Bondone with Duccio di
Buoninsegna's Maesta. Easter Story is located in the Arena Scrovegni chapel in Padua, Italy. Maesta
is located in Museo dell 'Opera Metropolitana del Duomo, Siena, Italy.
There are many comparisons and contrasting aspects to both works made by these renowned artists.
Both art works tell the story of Jesus Christ. The narrative begins with Jesus's grandparents and ends
with the death and crucifixion of Jesus. Both depictions are unique to the artist however they tell the
same story.
Let's start looking closely at how it all started. The Arena Chapel is connected to a palace which was
owned to the Scrovegni family in c.1305. The Scrovegni family commissioned ... Show more
After Giotto created The Easter Story, the people of Sienna wished to depict the narrative of Christ.
However it was done in a competitive way. Knowing this I find it interesting to see the differences
between the two. Looking to see if Duccio used any techniques or style like Giotto.
Giotto used the painting technique Fresco specifically buon fresco–true fresco. However this didn't
make sense for Duccio's work in the Cathedral of Siena because it was made out of alternating
blocks of black and white marble. It has a very decorative interior which wouldn't have worked with
Fresco. So therefore it made sense to do a panel painting for the altar piece. Both Giotto and Duccio
used the technique chiaroscuro. This was a technique to represent light shade and shadows in
painting. Giotto learned this technique from his teacher Cimabue. He learned to use this technique to
model volume and

The Most Famous Work Of Art
The 13th and 14th centuries in Italy are as known as the early Renaissance. Several artists remain
well recognized from this period in art history. Duccio di Buoninsegna was an Italian painter, active
in the city of Siena. His most famous work of art is the Maesta Altarpiece located in the Cathedral of
Siena. At that time, Siena was very competitive with Florence. The greatest Florentine painter was
Giotto di Bondone. He was a couple years younger than Duccio. Giotto's crowning achievement is a
series of fresco murals painted in the Arena Chapel. Duccio and Giotto were two astonishing artists.
Duccio's Maesta and Giotto's fresco painting in the Arena Chapel both tell us a narrative story of the
life of The Virgin Mary and Christ. Both ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
His stillness is in contrast to the crowd, it allows scenes flow around him. Judas reaches and kisses
Christ from the left, there appear to be regret in Judas face. There is not apparent though his
aggressive posture. Christ's right hand is pointing forward. This may express Christ's future
forgiveness of Judas. Duccio's depiction leaves more space for imagination for the viewer. In
Giotto's painting, Christ is in profile. This allows for eye contact between Christ and Judas. Christ is
a little taller than Judas, and he gaze silently upon Judas's face. From the gaze of the Christ, we can
feel a sense of forgiveness and sorrow. Moreover, we can feel Juda feels sorry for what he has done.
Their expressions make the painting more emotional, they emphasize the nobility of the Christ and
let viewer have a better connection to this emotional content.
Both Duccio and Giotto captured the act of Saint Peter slicing an ear off of a roman solider. Duccio
is telling the story of the arrest of Christ though a passing of time. In Duccio's painting, we can
clearly see the anger on Peter's face, he is next to Judas on his left. The viewer will draw their
attention to Peter after viewing the moment of the kiss of Judas. Duccio made it a separate moment
from the main scene. In Giotto's painting, Peter is in the crowd he raises up his right arm, which is
holding a knife and reaches behind the

The Black Plague : The Causes Of The Black Death In Europe
Following many years of agricultural revolution and an increased population, Europe looked to be
prospering. Unfortunately, this was not the case. Overpopulation, economic depression, famine, and
poor health played a role in the reason Europe experienced the worst epidemic of their time. The
Bubonic Plague, or the Black Death as it is also known, first emerged in 1346 in Constantinople.
The Bubonic Plague was so devastating to European society because the European population
decreased drastically, the plague spread very quickly, and there was little medical knowledge on
how to treat the disease.
The plague took the lives of millions of Europeans and there were very few places to bury the
deceased. The nursery rhyme Ring Around the Rosy explained the symptoms, the remedies, and the
result of the plague. The nursery rhyme says, "Ring a–round the rosy. Pocket full of posies. Ashes,
ashes! We all fall down!"(Doc. 4). It refers to the amount of people who were affected and died from
the plague. Agnolo Di Tura, a chronicler from Siena, Italy, penned his personal and historical
accounts of the awful plague in Siena. Agnolo experienced the plague first–hand because he had to
bury his children and knew the suffering the plague caused. In The Plague in Siena: An Italian
Chronicle, Agnolo states, "And it is found that at this time there died in Siena 36,000 persons twenty
years of age or less, and the aged and other people (died), to a total of 52,000 in all in Siena. And in
the

Saint Catherine Of Siena
Saint Essay Patron saints have been a big part of the Catholic church for years. They are specific
saints that help us through our lives, and who are our guides and friends in heaven. Patron saints
intercede for us, and listen to our prayers. There are patron saints for almost everything– countries,
professions, companies, parishes, and even for specific people. We also choose a specific saint to be
our patron saint at our Confirmation. They are our role models, and we strive every day to be more
like our patron saints. I have chosen St. Catherine of Siena as my patron saint for Confirmation.
Saint Catherine of Siena was an influential woman of the Church, one who was strong in her faith
and well respected by the Pope. Catherine was born

The, Bernardino Of Siena, And Martin Le Franc
Voices of men have traditionally been the loudest, and therefore most important in history,
especially in Medieval Europe where male academics and preachers had the most influence on the
lower classes and upper classes. Those accused of witchcraft were disproportionately female, and
the writing and sermons from this era clearly set the groundwork for misogynistic witch hunts which
are to come in the Early Modern period. The works of Burchard of Worms, William of Malmesbury,
Jacobus de Voragine, Bernardino of Siena, and Martin Le Franc each perpetuate different
stereotypes of magic which all address the idea of gender in sorcery. While not all of these texts take
explicitly misogynistic or misandristic positions, they give insight into whether or not gender was a
main issue in determining who was or wasn't a witch. However, it's important to keep in mind
whose voice is being heard in these texts: often well respected, upper class, or clerical men. As a
result of these authors positions, they have influence far beyond their parishes and countries and,
therefore, can define, both explicitly and implicitly, what ideas are "correct" about the behavior of
women, specifically regarding witchcraft. Because these texts were written by men, there is a clear
and distinct bias about women's behavior and their possible involvement in the magical arts,
however there are some notable variations that still establish harmfully unattainable ideal.
The majority of the writings and preachings

Medieval Times: Florence And Siena
During the medieval times, Florence and Siena were wealthy cities. This prosperity was shown to
the neighboring towns and citizens through the arts and architectures that ushered in the new
Renaissance era. Florence was a much more popular area, with many large sights to view. Even so,
Siena endured the challenge of not being engulfed in the shadow of Florence by perfecting its' own
charm and splendor. Even though these cities were so close to each other, they did a great job of
getting along while expressing their own individuality.
These cities used their main areas or town halls as the breaking grounds for expressing their new–
found prestigious city state and power. As a result, the importance of learning about art became a
major necessity

Cucina Persuasive Essay
Italy, especially Siena, has some amazing roads to get lost on. If you're looking for a way to get
away during your trip, without sitting on a beach, renting a sports car is the best way to do so. We
have plenty of options when it comes to sports cars available for rental in Siena, and they are all
incredibly luxurious.
Siena is known for the Crypt of Siena Cathedral, the Battistero di San Giovanni, the Palazzo
Pubblico and Museu Civico, the Scuola di Cucina di Lella, and the Museo dell'Opera Metropolitana.
Needless to say, there is a lot to do while in Siena, and we have the absolute best way to do it all.
Not a perfectly prepared schedule, but the best rental car for your taste and style. By this, we mean
the perfect sports car to suit your luxurious, high class needs. We have Ferrari, Jaguar, Lamborghini,
Maserati, McLaren, Mercedes, Porsche, Aston Martin, Audi, Bentley, and even Bugatti. ... Show
Imagine, you're driving down an Sienan back road in Italy with your sweetheart, but in one of our
sports cars. Plus, there is no better way to impress your boss, your colleagues, or whoever you're in
Italy to do business with, than by pulling up to the meeting spot in a luxurious sports car. We
guarantee that they will think of you as a businessman, or woman, that they absolutely must do
business

Royce Scott Buckingham's 'The Terminals'
Royce Scott Buckingham, although not the best known author, wrote an enthralling piece of science
fiction by writing "The Terminals". The basic plot of "The Terminals" is simple: a group of 10
teenagers who are terminal brain tumor patients, all college aged and in relatively good health other
than the tumor, who are recruited for a secret organization. This organization trains them to be elite
fighters, fighting in secret missions for the good of mankind. All of the teammates are volunteers for
this mission, only told that it was using an experimental drug and that their deaths must be faked for
them to join. The idea is a pretty romanticized and generally good idea to normal humans, why not
use athletic, willing teenagers to do high–risk missions if they are going to die eventually anyway?
It is all good until the force, enhanced by an experimental super drug called "TS–9", begins to falter.
This faltering begins when the main character, Cam, questions the intentions of the organization
after a successful mission in which one of his teammates was killed. This mistrust slowly builds as
Cam watches more of his teammates die in missions where the team is only told the ... Show more
The first is when he begins to realize that he is not receiving this super drug like the other nine team
members. At first he believes this is because he is not deteriorating, then he realizes that he is not
deteriorating. Unlike the others, who were suffering from acute headaches and side effects because
of the "TS–9", Cam was remaining constant in every aspect of his condition. His mistrust is then fed
into when he begins receiving notes under his pillow. These notes say things like, "Can I trust you?"
and "Do not drink the Kool–Aid". When Cam asks his roommate Ari about the phrase, "Do not
drink the Kool–Aid" he learns of a local cult that had killed its members by feeding them poisoned

Attending An Informational Protest Here At Siena College
For this event paper, I decided to attend an informational protest here at Siena College. To bring
awareness to domestic violence in our society, Siena College hosted the One Billion Rising
Revolution in the Sarazen Student Union on February 12th, 2016. One Billion Rising is one of the
biggest revolutions intended to end violence against women in the world. Many people around the
world come together to express their opinions, dance, and rise up against domestic violence. At this
event many different dance teams at Siena College were asked to send ten of their dancers to this
event to perform. Out of twenty girls on the team, I volunteered to learn a short dance and perform it
for a good cause. The One Billion Rising Revolution connects to the theme Diversity, and the article
"Why Does Diversity Matter at College Anyway?" by Jeremy S. Hyman and Lynn F. Jacobs because
they prove that diversity is important when bringing awareness to a certain cause, because it helps
promote worldliness to understand the multiple perspectives and experiences of different kinds of
people
I chose to go to this event because I was interested in learning about domestic violence. This is a
topic I 've learned a little about in high school, but I 've never had the opportunity to learn about it
first hand from an professional speaker. At this event, Siena invited a speaker to come and talk about
the issue of domestic violence against women around the world. After her thirty minute presentation,

Duccio’s Maestà Essay
In the early Renaissance era Florence and Siena were rivals in many aspects. The Battle of
Montaperti was fought between the two in September of 1260. After their triumph over Florence,
Siena used the monetary winnings for the building of the Palazzo Pubblico to serve the city in
governmental, spiritual and social needs; it was comparable to the basilicas in ancient Rome in this
aspect. The Palazzo Pubblico (fig. 1) was also made to compete with Florence's already constructed
Palazzo della Signoria1 (fig. 2). The city also focused the new funds on the elaboration of the
cathedral interior (fig. 3). In 1308, Duccio di Buoninsegna was hired for this reason. Duccio
completed the requested polyptych, or multipaneled, altarpiece three years ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
The people saw a painting of Mary as a path of communication. The people of Siena, now visually
inspired to pray for the well–being and peace of the city, were ecstatic at the sight of the finished
altarpiece. The citizens of Siena were not alone in their high regards of St. Mary. Duccio includes
his signature of praise in the base of the Virgin's throne: "Holy Mother of God, be the cause of peace
to Siena, and of life to Duccio because he has painted you thus." Duccio used his talent as a type of
praise, painting as a form of worship. He hoped for the favor of his patron saint in return for the
labor expended in creation of the Maestà. Duccio's Maestà towered over six feet and consisted of
fifty–five framed panels painted with egg–based tempera. Madonna Enthroned, the largest section of
the entire structure, dominated the front plane of the altarpiece. The same side was comprised of
scenes of the life of Mary from Annunciation to her death (fig. 4). The reverse side compiled the life
of Christ into 42 separate panels from the Baptism of Christ to events occurring after Resurrection
(fig. 5). Many ages of art shine through Duccio's portraying of Mary in Madonna Enthroned (fig. 6).
Both being trained in the Greek manner, Duccio's version of Siena's patron saint is comparable to
Cimabue's Enthroned Madonna and Child with Angels and Prophets from the year 1280 2 (fig. 7).
Duccio, however, took a softer

Siena Humanism
Humanizing a Woman I Know
In the late 12th century Italy has a few small city states who began practicing humanism. Two city
states rivaling to be the center of architectural envy. Designed with articulated sculpted buildings
and each a giant bell tower to convey security. Of these small city states, Siena, one of the most
powerful cities in all of Europe. Siena became established as a commune in 1125. Both Siena and
Florence were under no direct control by the king or the Holy Roman Emperor. Adapting to this new
and growing tradition other Western European cities also began practicing humanism.
The Black Death had swept across Western Europe in 1346 through 1356, killing roughly 30–60%
of the entire population. Swiftly following a time that was so dark and gloomy a bright light began
to shine. It was then people began to realize the true meaning of life. From this complete loss of
hope came freedom. Freedom to be one's self, prosper in new begins and a chance to grow in life. A
new beginning challenged people to be the best they could and at the ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It was believe by giving these doors a facelift their God wouldn't be so angry and art would help
give their city salvation. From the seven who entered the competition two winners were announced,
Filippo Brunelleschi (1377–1446) and Lorenzo Ghiberti (1378–1455).Both of these artist were
humanist. These bronzes doors depicted the new forms of art. This technique use is called
foreshortening, this helps to elevate space, and sharply give the characters definition. The two
bronze doors tell the story of Abraham as he is about to sacrifice his only son, as God had told him
to. However we are shown the angels stop him just before he is able to complete his sacrifice. From
these bronze door we can draw connect between the crisis we face with religion and

Duomo Of Alasko Research Paper
Duomos, or Cathedrals in Italian, are some of the most beautiful, inspiring, and mysterious marks in
Italian history. There are more than thirty notable Duomos that contain stunning artwork, most are
highly decorated and some could even be considered artwork themselves. "One of the most beautiful
Duomos in Italy is Siena Cathedral of Santa Maria" (Myrabella). The Duomo of Siena is considered
one of the most beautiful because it is lined with many pieces of art. From its facades (front facing
exterior wall), to the bell tower, the architecture is a statement in itself. The ceiling, the sides of the
walls, and even the floor is covered in masterful pieces of work.
There is a major debate on how the Duomo of Siena was completely constructed. Over five hundred
years of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Nicola Pisano's son, Giovanni, designed the Duomo's Facade. The Marble facade, on the southwest
side or the main entrance, has the most controversy over how, when, and even who, build it.
Scholars have agreed that the lower facade under the direct supervision of Giovanni was built
between 1284 to 1296, but the "perceived flaw in design of the facade: namely, the vertical
misalignment of the piers framing the center portal in the lower story and those framing the rose
window in the upper story" (Gillerman), of the facade have brought up different theories on how it
came to be. Some believe that this discontinuity of the facade is to be a response of Giovanni's
explosive personality, while others, based more on the date of construction being later (1314),
believe that it was understood to be a change in artistic leadership. There is a connection from the
exterior to the interior where Giovanni followed his father's style continuing the sculpted figures.
They can be seen covering every ledge and corner of the facade. Each statue on the facade is
accompanied by an inscription. There also were sculpted animals, including, lions and griffins

Saint Laura As A Role Model
Saint Laura of Saint Catherine of Siena,the first Colombian born saint, was canonized by Pope
Francis in 2013 ("St. Laura of St. Catherine of Siena"). Having very little memory of her Dad, Laura
Montoya y Upegui never had a strong father figure, however she never let this stop her from being
who she wanted to be. Laura was an outstanding student, a true preacher of God's work, and is
remembered as a role model for all young girls.
Laura was born on May 26, 1874. Her life was normal for a small infant until disaster struck. When
Laura was only two years old, her father died trying to defend their beloved country of Colombia.
She was the middle child of three children. "The family was left in extreme poverty after all their
goods were confiscated" ("Bl. Laura of Saint Catherine of Siena Montoya y Upegui*"). Her mother
was too overwhelmed having to handle all the duties by herself, so Laura was sent to live with her
grandmother. As she grew older, her mother needed financial help. To assist these difficulties at age
16 Laura applied to become a teacher despite her non–formal education. This led her to be said as
culturally and academically ignorant, however Laura was accepted and shined above all the other ...
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Laura of St. Catherine of Siena is recognized as a role model for all girls because she stood up for
what she believed in. "In an era in which women were supposed to stay by men, Laura dared to
follow God's call, even though she was called crazy," stated Sister Aida Orobio. Laura's most
famous memory is of a doctor who was dying of lupus, kidney damage, and muscular degeneration
prayed to St. Laura on night then was completely cured the next morning ("Miracle Could Allow
Canonization of First Colombian–Born Saint"). This event is what truly started her road to
sainthood. Laura was beatified on April 25, 2004 by Pope John Paul II. Eleven years later, Laura
was canonized by our very own Pope Francis in 2013 ("St. Laura of St. Catherine of

The Mission Of Siena Heights University
Abstract
The mission of Siena Heights University, a Catholic University founded and sponsored by the
Adrian Dominican Sisters, is to assist people to become more competent, purposeful, and ethical
through a teaching and learning environment which respects the dignity of all (Mission and vision,
n.d.).
The concepts of leadership, "to assist people to become more competent, purposeful, and ethical,"
(Mission and vision, n.d.), fit within the mission of Siena Heights University because the institution
fosters the growth of leaders by incorporating skills outside of the classroom. Educators have long
known that a significant portion of student learning in college occurs outside the classroom and that
faculty–student interaction is an important part of the college experience. (Cox, B. E., & Orehovec,
E., 2007, p. 357). Significant research has demonstrated the importance of interaction between
faculty members and students, both in and outside of the classroom (Cox, B. E., & Orehovec, E.,
2007, p. 343). Faculty members possess a great deal of knowledge that can be imparted to student.
This knowledge could be educational, life skills, and personal experiences that allow the student a
contextual view point.
Faculty Mentors
For those charged with developing leaders, identifying potential leaders who possess the building
blocks of character, creativity, and compassion, and those who also have a clear sense of purpose
and the energy to pursue that purpose is key (Allio, R. J., 2005, p.

Catherine Of Siena
St. Catherine of Siena was an important figure of the church by how she would redirect people to
the path of Christ.She was known for her spiritual conviction and wisdom. Everyone trusted her
because she was fully devoted to the church. No one ever doubted he love for God.
St. Catherine of Siena was born on March 25, 1347. She was the 25th of the 26 children in northern
Italy. Her family belonged to the lower–middle class. From an early age, she was told that she
seemed different, because at a very young age, she began praying and seeing visions. Her parents
wanted her to get married and arranged a wedding. I wanted to be single. My parents did not like my
decision to commit to the church and God, so they had me do many things around the house to make
me want to move out and start a new life with a husband. Finally her parents gave up and let her be
... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
St. Catherine traveled to many cities working for peace in Italy and the Church. She wrote hundreds
of letters to important people and ordinary people alike. She also wrote a book, called the Dialogue
a conversation between the Eternal Father and the human soul, discussing the topic of spiritual life.
Since many thought she was important to the Church from all of the service she did,St. Catherine
was named a Doctor of the Church.
St. Catherine of Siena was canonized in 1461 by Pope Pius II. She died on April 29, 1380 when she
was just 33 years old. She impacted the church in so many ways. She helped the poor, sick, and
non–believers. She also helped people realize that the church is a great thing and help people
converge to the church.
Even though she was young when she died,she had a great life and accomplished many things. She
spent her life with

Catherine Of Sien Great Influence In The Middle Ages
The Dark Age is the term used as a synonym for the Middle Age. It is a duration of time that existed
between the falling of the Roman Empire and the start of Renaissance of the Italian and the
Discovery Age. The Middle Ages are always referred to be dark due to resumed lack of
advancement and culture in Europe in the medieval period. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the
European experienced a severe social, political, and economic setback. Therefore, the Dark Ages
meditate the ill consequences. However, a certain individual has had a great influence in the Middle
Ages. Catherine of Siena is one of the many reasons the Middle Ages should not be referred to as
the "Dark Age".
Catherine of Siena also known as Catherine Benincasa, was known ... Show more content on
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She did not deny anyone. In 1374, Siena was struck by a wave of plague. This made most people
flee away, while Catherine, as well as her followers, remained to nurse those who were ill. They also
made burial to those who ended up dying as a result of the plague. She is said to have healed all
those that the physicians believed were hopeless to cure. Some people claimed that she even raised
those who were dead. After the crisis, Catherine focused on the ministry for conversion of sinners as
well as to reform the society and the church. Just like other reformers, she faced challenges
regarding uncontrollable corruption that took place in the church. Catherine was faced with many
challenges. She firmly believed that the root of the trouble was allegedly Babylonian Captivity . It is
due to the early fourteenth–century political interest; the papacy was already relocated to Avignon in
France. The incident scandalized people because of two reasons: The first reason was the divorcing
of the papacy from the scantiness of Rome. Secondly, the popes ended up becoming captive to the
French lifestyle and politics to a great extent, which involved corruption and

Liberal Arts Benefits
I think liberal arts is the study of life and thought. It's unlike any major in the way that the material
isn't just facts you memorize for a test and later on forget. Instead, they're skills or ways of thinking
that prepare you for various fields of study and everyday life. It helps you learn about a lot of areas
on a smaller scale. Liberal arts teaches skills such as critical thinking, communication, problem
solving, and working in a group setting. These skills will help me in the future by making me a
valuable employee in any field I decide to go in. Plus, taking a variety of classes will help me decide
what I like and what I don't. This will aide me by deciding what I want to major in and what future
jobs I might enjoy. In the years

St Catherine Of Jordina Research Papers
St Catherine of Siena By Kaan Isler
Good morning Mr Campbell and fellow classmates. Today I am here to talk to you about St.
Catherine of Siena which will include about her life, challenges faced by the church at that and how
she overcame it. This shows the tough life she lived and how she is a radical reformer.
St Catherine of Sienna was born on March 25th 1347 and she was the 25th of the 26 children. She
was born in northern Italy in a small little town called Giacomo di Benincasa. Her family belonged
to a lower middle class and when she was only 6 she had a mystical vision of a guardian angel.
When she was seven she vowed to Chastity. At the age of 15 she had a vision of her marrying Jesus,
and was left with stigmata on her hands. At ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Catherine of Siena lived out the teaching of Jesus christ by treating everyone equally. She helped
people including the outcast which were mainly people who were vanished from society. She tried
her best to make everyone who had the worse disease better which was mainly leprosy and cancer.
To prove to her mum that she didn't want to get married she cut all her hair off, fasted, and many
other things like not eating. And this ended up working for her.
A famous quote by St. Catherine of Siena is Love transforms one into what one loves.
Overall St Catherine of Siena is a radical reformer because she went up above everybody. And she
saw the problems of the church and she fixed them. She stuck to her word and she didn't get married
and she didn't listen to her mum. This is why St. Catherine of Siena is a radical reformer. Thankyou
for listening anyone questions?
Bibliography
St. Catherine of Siena – Saints & Angels – Catholic Online. 2015. St. Catherine of Siena – Saints &
Angels – Catholic Online. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.catholic.org/saints/saint.php?
saint_id=9. [Accessed 05 August 2015].
Discovering our Saint's – St. Catherine of Siena – YouTube. 2015.Discovering our Saint's – St.
Catherine of Siena – YouTube. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=CF2bycKbS4c. [Accessed 05 August

Essay about St. Catherine of Siena
St. Catherine of Siena
Catherine of Siena was born in Italy in 1347 at a time when political and religious changes were
affecting the hierarchy of the Catholic Church. Dedicating her life to the Holy Spirit from a very
young age, Catherine pursued a life of purity and simplicity that served as a background to her great
literary work, The Dialogue of the Divine Providence . Her work focuses on the importance of
prayer and its transcendent power in human life.
In the early stages of Catherine's life the surfacing modern age was bringing with it social turmoil
which spread throughout Europe (Giordani 3). During Catherine's lifetime, according to Mary Ann
Sullivan in her essay "St. Catherine of Siena," the center of Catholic rule ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Catherine sought Christ's hand in marriage and appealed to the Virgin Mary to grant her this
connection. She prayed, "O most blessed and holy virgin...I pray to you that out of your ineffable
goodness...you'll deign to grant me this great grace ¾ to give me as a Husband Him whom I desire
with all the power of my soul, your most holy son, our one Lord Jesus Christ; and I promise Him
and you that I will never choose myself any other husband, and will always do all I can to keep my
virginity unspotted." (qtd. in Raymond of Capua 31). In order to preserve her virginity, she once
wished to take the habit of the Order of the Preaching Friars based on a story she once heard about a
woman pretending to be a man and becoming a monk in order to avoid marriage (Gardner 5).
Raymond of Capua deduces in his book The Life of Saint Catherine of Siena that the marriage
between Catherine and Christ was granted by the Virgin Mary based on the mercy Mary bestows on
everyone who prays to her. He writes, Catherine "turns to one who distributes her graces most
generously who, being unable to refuse even sinners, and never rejects anyone, who gives to wise
and foolish alike...How can such a one fail to hear an ardent innocent young girl?" (32). Catherine's
newfound bond with Christ was sealed soon

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