Essay Banks

Essay On Banking Industry
Banking Industry in 2010–11
During 2010–11, banks improved in terms of asset quality and profitability. Stress test showed that
banks remained reasonably resilient to liquidity and interest rate shocks
There were emerging concerns about banking sector stability related to disproportionate growth in
credit to sectors such as real estate, infrastructure, NBFCs and retail segment, persistent
asset–liability mismatches, higher provisioning requirement and reliance on short–term borrowings
to fund asset growth
Presently, the key issues related to the Indian banking sector include: o prospective migration to
Basel III while upgrading the existing risk management practices under Basel II; o transition to
International Financial Reporting...show more content...
It initiated the policy discussions with regard to providing new bank licenses, designing the
road–ahead for the presence of foreign banks and holding company structure for banks
The process of migration to the advanced approaches under the Basel II regulatory framework
continued during 2010–11, while also facilitating the movement towards the Basel III framework
Financial Inclusion continued to occupy centre stage in banking sector policy with the rolling out of
Board–Approved Financial Inclusion Plans by banks during 2010–11 for a time horizon of next
three years
Operations and Performance of Commercial Banks
The consolidated balance sheet of SCBs recorded higher growth in 2010–11 as compared with the
previous year. This was different from what was observed during the last two years and indicated a
revival from the peripheral effects of the global financial turmoil
Deposits registered higher
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Essay on Industry Analysis: Banking
Industry Analysis: Banking
The banking industry has come under increasing pessimism of late because of rising short and
long–term interest rates. The banking industry's market capitalization made a substantial decline.
Most investors are concerned with whether the industry can sustain continued profitability as a result
of these factors.
Banks have responded in recent years to these problems by diversifying away from interest
sensitive products and services. But interest rates are the fundamental aspect of any financial
services. Therefore, I believe the financial services industry will be deeply affected by rising interest
rates. Banks have experienced good business factors over the past two years. Interest rates were low,
...show more content...
Bank rivalries are very strong, and as we've seen many of the largest banks are merging to increase
their power. In fact, Charlotte, NC is practically owned by Bank of America and First Union.
2.Potential entry of new competitors:
There is virtually no chance of a new entrant significantly affecting the major banks' market share.
The only place that new entrants may have a chance in the industry is through Internet banking,
because of its low cost.
3.Firms offering substitute products:
This is not really an issue within the banking industry, because there aren't really any legal
alternatives, except buying a safe and borrowing from a loan shark
4.Competitive pressures stemming from supplier and buyer bargaining power:
I grouped these two categories together because in the banking industry the buyers are the
suppliers and vice versa, so I might as well just discuss the situation as a whole. Interest rates are
the single most important aspect of bank profitability they are the bargaining power. Most bank
profits are derived from net interest income. This is interest income received on loans minus
interest expense for borrowed funds. Interest rates determine the amount of money a bank can earn.
Another measure is a banks' net interest margin which is a bank's net interest income divided by its
average earning assets. This is a common measure of a bank's ability to squeeze profits from its loans.

The Bank of the United States Essay
The Bank of the United States
The Bank of the United States is a symbol of the long held American fear of centralization and
government control. The bank was an attempt to bring some stability and control and was successful
at doing this. However, both times the bank was chartered, forces within the economy ultimately
destroyed it. The fear of centralization and control was ultimately detrimental to the U.S. economy.
During the Revolutionary War there was much need for a strong centralized government that would
have been able to collect taxes. The states were able to issue currency and the government accepted
this in exchange for specie. Specie was very hard to come by in the colonies and most states...show
more content...
The stock of the bank was bought and held mainly by the US government and numerous
businessmen among the states of the Union. It paid interest on public debt, issue a national
currency, dealt in foreign exchange, paid government officials, and numerous other tasks. It was
both a private and public institution but if asked by the Treasury, it would have to open its books
to inspection. It appears the bank was a very safe buy in the stock market. It paid steady dividends
put there was rarely any high fluctuation in its stock price. Meanwhile, many of the state banks at
the time had a wild fluctuation in prices. There were eight branches through the states, but originally
Hamiliton thought that branches would be a bad idea because it would cause rivalry with the state
banks. He ended up being right, as this was a contributing reason that the bank eventually failed. The
bank was not a central bank; it just held an account for the government and had little control over the
fiscal policies in each state. However, the state banks still resented the power that the bank had. This
is extremely hard to comprehend when comparing the power of the First Bank and the current
Federal Reserve System.
The First Bank of the United States lasted until 1811. In 1804, President Jefferson, who despised the
bank, removed any money that the government had from its vaults. When the issue of

Modern Banking
WHAT ARE BANKS AND W H A T D O T H E Y D O?
1
1.1. Introduction1
The term ''banking'' can be applied to a large range of п¬Ѓnancial institutions, from savings and
loans organisations to the large money–centre commercial banks in the USA, or from the smallest
mutually owned building society to the ''big four'' shareholder owned banks in the UK. Many
European countries have large regional/cooperative banks in addition to three to п¬Ѓve universal
banks. In Japan, the bank with the largest retail network is Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation,2
but its main rival for savings deposits is the Post Ofп¬Ѓce. The objective of this chapter is to
provide an overview of banking and the role played by banks in an increasingly complex п¬Ѓnancial
world....show more content...
Market structure is also important: the greater the competition for loans and deposits, the more
narrow the interest margin. Intermediation costs will also include the cost of administration and
other transactions costs related to the savings and loans products offered by the bank. Unlike
individual agents, where the cost of п¬Ѓnding a potential lender or borrower is very high, a bank
may be able to achieve scale economies in these transactions costs; that is, given the large number
of savings and deposit products offered, the related transactions costs are either constant or
falling. Unlike the individual lender, the bank enjoys information economies of scope in lending
decisions because of access to privileged information on current and potential borrowers with
accounts at the bank. It is normally not possible to bundle up and sell this information, so banks
use it internally to increase the size of their loan portfolio. Thus, compared to depositors trying to
lend funds directly, banks can pool a portfolio of assets with less risk of default, for a given
expected return. Provided a bank can act as intermediary at the lowest possible cost, there will be a
demand for its services. For example, some banks have lost out on lending to highly rated
corporations because these п¬Ѓrms п¬Ѓnd they can raise funds more cheaply by issuing bonds.
Nonetheless, even the most highly rated

History of Banks Essay
Not banks but merchants were the sources of money and credit in the colonial period of American
history (1607–1783). It was only after independence that the first commercial bank received a charter
of incorporation – the Bank of North America, in 1781. British merchant banking houses stood at
one end of a long chain of credit that stretched to the American frontier. They gave short–term (less
than a year) credits to American merchants who then extended them to wholesalers of their imports,
and the wholesalers passed them on to both urban and rural retailers – country stores and wandering
peddlers.
When the Constitution went into effect in 1789 the nation boasted three commercial banks, the Bank
of North America, chartered by Congress at...show more content...
The ratio between bank notes in circulation and specie holdings was quite small.
Growing population and trade, however, created a need for comparable growth in the volume of
money and credit – for a policy of accommodation rather than restraint. Sharp increases in the
number of state banks and in their authorized capital stock represented a response to this need.
During the life of the first bus (1791–1811) banks chartered by the states increased in number from 5
to 117, and their combined capital stock went from $4.6 million to almost $66.3 million.
The British raid on Washington in 1814 induced banks throughout the country (except in New
England) to suspend specie payments. The bank note currency circulated at a variety of discounts
from place to place, and since the government was compelled to accept it for taxes and imposts, the
public finances became so disordered as to threaten the operations of the federal government. It was
in this context of nationwide inflation and governmental derangement that Congress decided to
charter a second bus (1816–1836). The expectation was that the institution would be able to force the
state banks to resume specie payments and restore soundness to the currency.
The Bank's success in achieving those objectives is mainly attributable to its president Nicholas
Biddle (1823–1836). The mechanism was simple. The nation's currency was largely made up

Bank Essay
Many people don't know what's the best bank for them in the future, so I am writing this to show
what bank will be best for me in the future. I am going to talk about 4 banks that would be good for
me. The 4 banks are 4Front credit union, Charlevoix State bank, Huntington, and 5/3rd bank. 4Front
credit union will be open Monday through Friday 9:00A.M.–5:00. They are open on Saturday from
9:00A.M. to 1:00P.M. Some of the locations for 4Front are East Jordan, Boyne City, Petoskey, and
Charlevoix. The next bank's hours that I'm talking about is Charlevoix State bank. The Charlevoix
State bank will be open Monday through Thursday 9:00A.M, to 4:00P.M. Friday they are open at
9:00A.M. to 6:00P.M. Saturday they open at 9:00A.M. and close at noon....show more content...
The NCUA covers up to $250,000. 4Front can give you loans. You can get pre–approvals before you
go shopping for what you want. There's no early payoff penalties. Theres the ability to have online
banking. All you need to have it sign up for online banking is the last 4 digits of your social security
and your date of birth.
Secondly bank I am talking about is Charlevoix State bank. The minimum balance for the savings
account is $50. There's no monthly service fee. The opening deposit is $50. You are always going
to need $50 in the savings account so it's a little harder to open an account in their bank. There's a
3 month early closing fee of $10. You can only have 6 pre–authorized transfers or withdrawals per
month, but if you use the ATM or go inside to talk to a person you have unlimited transfers and
withdrawals. The checking account has no minimum balance. There is no monthly service fee.
The opening deposit is $50 dollars, but you only need to have $5 in the checking account. You
can write as many checks as you want and you will not get feed for writing them. There's a free
ATM and Debit card. If there is no account activity for a year a monthly dormant account fee of $5
will be assessed. There are mortgage loans, consumer loans, and commercial loans just to name a
few. There's free online banking, and telephone banking. The FDIC insures $250,000 for each
account.
The third bank I am going to talk about is Huntington. The

Essay on Banking
Introduction A bank refers to a financial institution that accepts deposits and channels the money
into lending activities (Lewis, 2009). Ethics refers to the principles of right and wrong that are
accepted by an individual or a social group ((Lewis, 2009).) Conceptually, ethics refers to well base
standards of right and wrong that prescribe what humans ought to do, usually in terms of rights,
obligations, benefits to society, fairness, or specific virtues (Safakli, 2005). It's the integrity measure,
which evaluates the values, norms and rules that constitute the base for individual and social
relationships, from a moral perspective (Smith and Smith, 2002). It consists of choosing the good
over the bad, the right over the wrong and the...show more content...
The banking sector in the modern society, in many areas, play many roles which includes unifying
and intermediary roles between the fund supplying and fund demanding sides of the society, helping
accomplish investment and saving functions. Banking institutions are expected to protect the rights
and interests of depositors, establish stable and trustworthy financial markets, engage in economic
development and more importantly to ethically conduct their operations in compliance with the
principles of integrity, transparency , reliability, impartially, with social responsibility and control
money laundering (Carse, 1999). However, not all banking institutions practice these norms, with
their dishonor leading to adverse effects, for instance; corruption which includes the banking sector
unethical conduct, can cost the poor three times more than the rich, according to a 2002 Word
Development Report. Ethical issues Financial institutions –including banks of all sorts, credit
agencies, private equity firms, pension funds, insurance companies, and the like– have long been
considered by most people to have no other object in view than the creation of wealth. The
performance of financial institutions is therefore measured solely on the basis of their capacity to
maximize financial assets, that is, it has been measured with evaluation factors that review only their
monetary bottom–line results.

Bank Management System
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1.0 INTRODCUTION1
1.1 BACKGROUND1
1.2 EQUATORIAL COMMERCIAL BANK2
1.3 MOTIVATION FOR UNDERTAKING THE PROJECT3
1.4 THE PROBLEM STATEMENT4
1.5 BENEFITS OF THE PROPOSED SYSTEM5
1.5.1 Online Banking – How Is It Different5
1.5.2 Why Use Online Banking5
1.6 PROJECT OBJECTIVES6
1.7 SYSTEM OBJECTIVES7
1.8 SCOPE OF THE SYSTEM7
CHAPTER 2–LITERATURE REVIEW8
2.1 DEFINING E–BANKING/ONLINE BANKING8
2.2 FEATURES OF ONLINE BANKING8
2.3 E–BANKING IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES9
2.4 E–BANKING IN PAKISTAN10
2.5 E–BANKING IN KENYA12
2.5.1 Current Structure and Developments in the Kenyan Banking Industry12
2.5.2 E–Banking Revolution in the Kenyan Banking Industry14
2.6 REVIEW OF CURRENT SYSTEM15
2.7 REVIEW OF RELATED...show more content...
Initially, after the problem was identified after interviews with the bank loan staff and customers,
requirements were collected and system analysis done through Object Oriented Design and
Methodology (OOAD). More data was collected through a review of the current manual banking
system and documents maintained by the bank.
Unified Modelling Language was used to analyze and organize the design solution. Use Case
diagram, Class Diagram and Sequence diagram were then designed to model the system. A database
schema was then designed to model the database to be used. The system was developed using
mathematical functions for the balancing

Technology In Banking
Small businesses / small borrowers, post–recession (i.e. before 2008) are come across for more than
just a lender. They are seem to be for an own bank benefits and business partner.
This type of customer has created a unique opportunity for banks. Yet, many banks have not come
across way of move beyond the traditional lenders.
By becoming as a mentor to small business clients, banks gain additional revenue on this stream
through fee–based services. For example, Bank begun offering services such as deposit offerings,
capital rising and strategic plan. Banks also offers a negligible cash management service to its
customers, which moves cash to a higher return investment once the account hits a certain level.
Offering additional services...show more content...
8. Its not necessary two institutes are the work equally or two banks are the same or two customers
are exactly alike. It's come to know only through test and then test again. Testing things includes such
as messaging, frequency and channel of communications and special offers are some of the very
important areas possible for testing.
7.2 CONCLUSIONS
In the modern scenario India now competes the global world. Company having more challenging
and take part to global completion. The Banking conditions in the country are far better to any other
country in the world. Banking Industry has also become more powerful in this scenario. It has also
many challenges faces to local level to state and national level. Banks Credit and liquidity risk
studies suggest that Indian banks are generally elastic. Indian banking industries witnessed adopt
innovative banking models like credits (i.e. advances) and small finance banks. RBI's new measures
may helping the restructuring of the domestic banking industry. Banking is the credit creating sector.
Contributions of banks to the GDP of a country includes Credit creation, Banks nowadays perform
various

Ethics in Banking Essay
Banking ethics are the moral or ethical principles that certain banks choose to abide by. There is not
a universal code of ethical conduct, but the banks that vaunt their ethical credentials evaluate the
ethical standing of potential investors and partners. Also, these banks choose the companies that
they in turn invest in with their ethical policy in mind. The number of ethical questions that the
banking industry faces are many and multifaceted. Full service relationships with customers are a
thing of the past while profitability, and its byproduct corporate greed, has become the main goal.
Banking ethics and profitability are not mutually exclusive, but being an ethical bank does sometimes
mean that they maintain their moral rigor...show more content...
Can we blame the retail branch employees or even the retail banking industry? This change in
mentality is just merely an adaptation necessary for survival, which can be explained as "survival of
the fittest". In order to survive banks have been required to change from traditional money handlers
to aggressive sales oriented employees.
The increase in competitiveness among all banks has ballooned so much that these banks are
willing to do anything to retain or add a new customer. The strategy of putting customers in high
pressure sales situations is not unethical. However, the line is drawn when branch employees are
told to sell a certain product so the branch will meet its monthly/quarterly goal. With this type of
leadership, you are enabling employees to sell products to customers that they most likely did not
need in the first place and may not be qualified for. These unethical tendencies led customers to
believe that they needed a product that was only sold for the company's benefit. These situations
only confirm that the banking industry is putting their profit interests above the well–being of the
customers that they provide services for.
When the bank is acting in their own self interest they are taking on an egoistic role. They have an
excessive sense of self importance. An egoist will put profit at the top of the list of importance and
that is exactly what the banks

Essay Banks

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