from the 5 outlines and abstracts write one conclusion, that links the all ideas together. INTRODUCTION In 2015, the United Nations released a set of 17 goals, known as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs; 2015), to be achieved by the year 2030. These goals, developed collaboratively by member states, target a diverse array of issues, including poverty, hunger, and environmental sustainability. This set of goals follows another initiative by the United Nations called the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs). These goals were developed in the year 2000 with an end date of 2015. They included the following eight goals: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, Achieve universal primary education, Promote gender equality and empower women, Reduce child mortality, Improve maternal health, Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases, Ensure environmental sustainability, and institute a global partnership for development. Although progress was made by many member states during the 15 year period of the Millenium Development Goals, advances in the targeted areas was uneven and many countries had very limited resources to dedicate to development in this regard.  When the MDGs expired in 2015, the United Nations developed and implemented a set of goals, again applicable to all nations, called “Sustainable Development Goals” (SDGs). There are 17 goals in total that cover essentially every aspect of sustainable development, including goals such as eliminating poverty, reducing inequalities, and protecting the environment. Within each of the SDGs are various indicators that make up the larger goals. Working towards achieving these smaller, individual indicators listed under each goal will guide nations towards achieving each of the larger goals. The Sustainable Development Goals build upon the MDGs to initiate a global awareness of the problems facing our world as well as to disseminate information and aid to countries trying to meet the SDGs. In addition, the goals are strategically intertwined so that working towards one goal requires a focus on related goals as well. The SDGs represent a critical step in attaining sustainable and lasting development across the globe. They also brings together an international community of stakeholders who all have an interest in attaining sustainable development and promoting peace throughout the world.  The focus in this anthology is achieving SDG number 5, gender equality, in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This goal can only be met in the region if its governments also focus on some of the other SDGs that are very relevant to women The particular SDGs that the MENA region needs to focus on in order to achieve gender equality are: No Poverty (SDG 1); Good Health and Well-Being (SDG 3); Quality Education (SDG 4); Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG 6); Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8); and Industry, innovation, and infrastructure (SDG 9). All of these goals are pertinent to the region and wha ...

1. from the 5 outlines and abstracts write one conclusion, that
links the all ideas together.
INTRODUCTION
In 2015, the United Nations released a set of 17 goals, known as
the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs; 2015), to be
achieved by the year 2030. These goals, developed
collaboratively by member states, target a diverse array of
issues, including poverty, hunger, and environmental
sustainability. This set of goals follows another initiative by the
United Nations called the Millenium Development Goals
(MDGs). These goals were developed in the year 2000 with an
end date of 2015. They included the following eight goals:
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, Achieve universal
primary education, Promote gender equality and empower
women, Reduce child mortality, Improve maternal health,
Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases, Ensure
environmental sustainability, and institute a global partnership
for development. Although progress was made by many member
states during the 15 year period of the Millenium Development
Goals, advances in the targeted areas was uneven and many
countries had very limited resources to dedicate to development
in this regard.
When the MDGs expired in 2015, the United Nations developed
and implemented a set of goals, again applicable to all nations,
called “Sustainable Development Goals” (SDGs). There are 17
goals in total that cover essentially every aspect of sustainable
development, including goals such as eliminating poverty,
reducing inequalities, and protecting the environment. Within
each of the SDGs are various indicators that make up the larger
goals. Working towards achieving these smaller, individual

2. indicators listed under each goal will guide nations towards
achieving each of the larger goals.
The Sustainable Development Goals build upon the MDGs to
initiate a global awareness of the problems facing our world as
well as to disseminate information and aid to countries trying to
meet the SDGs. In addition, the goals are strategically
intertwined so that working towards one goal requires a focus
on related goals as well. The SDGs represent a critical step in
attaining sustainable and lasting development across the globe.
They also brings together an international community of
stakeholders who all have an interest in attaining sustainable
development and promoting peace throughout the world.
The focus in this anthology is achieving SDG number 5, gender
equality, in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.
This goal can only be met in the region if its governments also
focus on some of the other SDGs that are very relevant to
women The particular SDGs that the MENA region needs to
focus on in order to achieve gender equality are: No Poverty
(SDG 1); Good Health and Well-Being (SDG 3); Quality
Education (SDG 4); Clean Water and Sanitation (SDG 6);
Decent Work and Economic Growth (SDG 8); and Industry,
innovation, and infrastructure (SDG 9). All of these goals are
pertinent to the region and what the region needs to improve
upon in order to develop.
Poverty and lack of employment opportunities are some of the
biggest impediments facing women in the MENA region. While
every citizen in the region is exposed to these unfavorable
conditions, women are at a particular disadvantage. This keeps
multitudes of women under the poverty line and unable to
provide for themselves and their families. The poor quality of
MENA education also makes it more difficult for women to
enter the workforce, further exacerbating poverty. In addition,
impediments to health and well-being, including limited access

3. to healthcare and proper sanitation processes, also harm women
in unique ways. Women are exposed to unsafe environmental
and health conditions, and they are unable to get adequate
healthcare in order to mediate this problem. This further places
women at a disadvantage. These conditions combined paint an
unfortunate picture for women in the MENA region.
In addition, all of these goals particularly affect women in
MENA in comparison to men. While men in the region are
deeply affected by underdevelopment and poverty, women are
affected on a greater scale. The papers included in this
anthology aim to illuminate some of the economic, educational,
and health-related issues that women in the MENA region must
face on a daily basis.
Because the SDGs are intertwined with one another, in order for
a nation to achieve gender equality, the nation must focus on
the other Sustainable Development Goals that would help to
reduce inequalities women face throughout the world. In the
MENA region, achieving economic growth, education, and
health and well-being are all essential in order to meet SDG 5,
gender equality. The leaders in the MENA region have much to
do to ensure gender equality and sustainable development.
For the MENA region to achieve gender equality (SDG 5),
leaders must focus on issues of economic stagnation,
unemployment, poor quality education systems, impediments to
health and well-being, and limited sanitation processes. All of
these issues impact women in serious and unique ways. Because
women are more vulnerable in the region than men, they are
affected differently and in more intense ways than men are.
Achieving gender equality in the MENA region will require a
dedicated focus to various other SDGs that we have presented in
this work.

4. COMBINED OUTLINE FOR INTRO & CONCLUSION
Intro/Conclusion
Having Agency
SDGs = expansive and goals are intertwined
Its essential to meet all the following goals in order to achieve
gender equality
SDG 1: No Poverty
Ensuring prosperity for all
waves of refugees over the past 10 plus years, increasing
poverty, and a large population and high birth rate. Jordanian
women are particularly vulnerable as the gender gap in
education, work opportunities, access to healthcare, etc has not
been reached, nor much progress made.
SDG 8: Decent Work & Economic Growth
Women and Development
Limited Employment Opportunities

5. Wage Inequality
Youth Bulge
Neoliberalism and Structural Adjustment
Implications of gender gap in the workforce
SDG 4: Quality Education
Inclusive and equitable quality education
Enrollment Rates
Limited Access to Quality Education
If all children in impoverished international locations could
read, global poverty would fall
these degrees are not translated into opportunities for women
because often times they are barred from application or unable
to progress in their careers.
SDG 6: Clean Water & Sanitation
Related to SDG 3 >
SDG 3: Good Health & Wellbeing

6. Health Care Access
HIV/AIDS
Gender-based violence
SDG 9: Industry, Infrastructure, & Innovation
Gender inequality in MENA is disadvantageous for countries for
several reasons including the ignorance of potential talent for
various industries and the hindrance of economic growth and
innovation.