2. Definition of scientific theory
● A scientific theory is something
which has been tried and tested by
several scientists to prove whether
it is true or false.
● To prove a specific theory it can
take a long time however once
proven it stays there for a while.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KuJqqiATlqw
Watch this video to get an understanding of the cell theory.
● There are many types of theories that
have been proven to be correct or
wrong.
In order to put forward a scientific theory
you have to do a few steps before-
● Firstly you will have to create a
hypothesis and that will have to be
proven through scientific tests.
● Another word for hypothesis is
define..
● The tests you do have to be reliable and should
be a able to be repeatable.
● You have to do tests like blind tests depending
on what your hypothesis is.
● You should have enough evidence to be able to
create a theory.
● All your evidence has to be strong and support
your hypothesis.
3. My chosen scientific theory
The cell theory which i will be working on is about how cells are the basic structure
in every living organism and objects.
In the mid 17th century working out whether this theory was correct was made easier
as they had microscopy available. This specific theory is the first part of how biology
adapted. The theory actually is that ‘new cells are formed from other existing cells’
and also that cells are involved in everything like living organisms and objects etc.
The person who had started the suggestion
off of ‘cells’ was Robert Hooke and from
there different scientists had brought the
theory forward and made more suggestions
and with the improved microscopes they were
reliable and stable.
4. Robert Hooke
The cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665, he did a few experiments and
realised that when he saw a slice of a cork. He had seen that there were tiny little
pores present inside. Hooke’s had then named these ‘pores’ cells. The only thing that
lacked in his found was that he did not know their actually function or structure. His
observations that he had carried had no evidence for any of the organelles which are
actually present in a cell. he had just started the idea of ‘A cell’.
The method that he used was observing a thin slice of cork through a microscope at
50x. Doing that showed him thousands of cells and from that the name was invented
and is still used today. His hypothesis was then finished off and proven by other
scientists.
5. how the theory was developed
1. In 1665 Robert Hooke had started the theory by observing a slice of cork naming
the pores ‘cells’.
2. In 1674 Anton Van Leeuwenhoek improved the previous microscopes by polishing
lenses to create a much more clear image, 2 years later Anton had then
discovered animalcules in 1676.
3. In 1683 he had discovered bacteria as well from a sample of saliva from his
mouth.
4. Another scientist had come in, Matthias Schleiden he had discovered that plants
were made up of cells in 1838.
5. In 1839 Theodor Schwann had discovered that animals were made up of cells and
finally in 1855 Rudolph Virchow had stated that all of the living things in the world
were made up of other living things.
6. The only way which really proved the theory to be correct was the advanced
technology of microscopes and the different types like light microscopy.
6. references
http://www.princeton.edu/~achaney/tmve/wiki100k/docs/Cell_theory.html
This is where i found out about the basic cell theory. The name of the website is Cell theory.
http://www.science-of-aging.com/timelines/hooke-history-cell-discovery.php
Author- Paul House, date published September 9th 2009. it gives more of an insight in how Hooke found out about
cells. the name of this website is ‘science of aging’.
http://www.cpschools.com/Schools/OSM/theory.htm
This website is also called cell theory.
https://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1034&bih=875&q=Robert+hooke&oq
=Robert+hooke&gs_l=img.3..0l10.4599.10683.0.10861.22.12.8.2.3.0.152.952.1j7.8.0....0...1ac.1.54.img..4.18.968.Dd
XOqYYUBAw#safe=active&hl=en&tbm=isch&q=cell+theories&facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=9iUrJv3D34b-
RM%253A%3BUplZmc-SvAl5mM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fimage.slidesharecdn.com%252F1-celltheorymembranes-
100126120528-phpapp02%252F95%252Fcell-theory-membranes-1-
728.jpg%253Fcb%253D1264529176%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.slideshare.net%252Fmissbaker%252Fcell-theory-membranes%
3B728%3B546
This is the url for the image on the first slide.
https://www.google.co.uk/search?hl=en&site=imghp&tbm=isch&source=hp&biw=1034&bih=875&q=Robert+hooke&oq
=Robert+hooke&gs_l=img.3..0l10.4599.10683.0.10861.22.12.8.2.3.0.152.952.1j7.8.0....0...1ac.1.54.img..4.18.968.Dd
XOqYYUBAw#facrc=_&imgdii=_&imgrc=NLIY_TgvOEMtIM%253A%3B8ImXz6Jc9hsyAM%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.hist
ory.org.uk%252Flibrary%252F0912%252F0000%252F0132%252FRobert_Hooke1_450.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww.h
istory.org.uk%252Fresources%252Fgeneral_resource_3002%252C3020_89.html%3B450%3B566
This is the url for the image of Robert Hooke.
