A Research Study On Prioritization Methods

A Research Study On Prioritization Methods
Today many companies struggle to define which request has to be fulfilled first (Aberdeen group,
2012). However, not so many researches about IS enhancements prioritization have been published
but there are several approaches to solve this problem. For this research we have used such
databases as: IEEE Xplore, Emerald, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect. We want to mention the most
commonly used and most interesting methods that can be found in free and paid sources. For our
investigation we have also studied materials of consulting and research organizations that shares
knowledge and provide their solutions to overcame the challenge such as Gartner, Aberdeen group,
Innotas and etc.
All major researches on IS projects and CRs prioritization that were studied for our research a listed
in table 1.
Table 1. Literature review on prioritization methods
Author Name, year Method Characteristics
Wiegers, K. First things first: Prioritizing requirements, 1999 Expert Assessment Multiple criteria;
1–9 scale
Gosenheimer, C. Project prioritization, 2012 Prioritization matrix Multiple criteria with weights;
scoring value
Vargas, R. Using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to select and prioritize projects in a
portfoli0, 2010 Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Pairwise comparison of each elements
Saaty, T. Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process, 2008 Analytical Hierarchy Process
(AHP) Pairwise comparison of each elements
LePrevost, J. & Mazur, G. Quality infrastructure
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Supplier Selection Case Study
Applied Mathematical Modelling 31 (2007) 2475–2486 www.elsevier.com/locate/apm Analytic
network process in supplier selection: A case study in an electronic firm Cevriye Gencer *, Didem
Gurpinar ¨ Gazi University, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Department of Industrial
Engineering, 06570 Maltepe/Ankara, Turkey Received 1 November 2005; received in revised form
1 August 2006; accepted 9 October 2006 Available online 8 December 2006 Abstract Supplier
selection, which is the first step of the activities in the product realization process starting from the
purchasing of material till to the end of delivering the products, is evaluated as a critical factor for
the companies desiring to be successful in nowadays competition ... Show more content on
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The control hierarchy, critical for ANP analysis, provides overriding criteria for comparing each
type of interaction that is intended by the network representation. There are two types of control
criteria [16]. A control criterion may be directly connected to the structure as the goal of a hierarchy
if the structure is in fact a hierarchy. In this case the control criterion is called a
comparison–''linking'' criterion. Otherwise a control criterion does not connect directly to the
structure but ''induces'' comparisons in a network. In this case the control criterion is called a
comparison– 'inducing'' criterion. With the scope of this paper, the second control criteria (a
comparison–''inducing'' criterion) is chosen according to the relationship between criterias and
alternatives. In the application of ANP, software like, Ecnet, Super Decision or mathematical
programs like Excel, Maple, Mathematica can be used. Since its introduction, ANP has been getting
more widely used in decision making and numerous applications have been published in literature.
For example; ANP model is used by Momoh and Zhu [27], for the selection of generating power
units for appropriate price allocation in a competitive power industry, Sarkis and Meade [18], for
selection of logistics strategy; Buyukyazıcı [19], for finding the most important factor ¨ ¨ ˘ for
education based on memorization; Erkiletlioglu [20] for determination of the

Raichur Essay
High Resolution Groundwater Prospect Mapping of Raichur, Karnataka Using Remote Sensing &
GIS
Joseph T. Koottiyaniyil1, Pankaj Dhote2 & Dr. S. K. Srivastav3
1P. G. Diploma, Water Resource Department, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing
2Scientist'SC', Indian Institute of Remote Sensing,3Scientist'G', Indian Institute of remote sensing,
Dehradun.
Abstract: Occurrence of groundwater in the basement complex of Raichur, Karnataka is controlled
by secondary porosity developed through weathering and cracking of bed rocks. Raichur is a semi
arid region that is characterized by erratic rainfall. Surface water from rivers is inadequate and the
only option to supply both human and animal population is groundwater. To avoid the ever common
incident of borehole failing to yield water or drying up soon after commissioning, groundwater
mapping is paramount. In this study, remote sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System
(GIS) techniques have been used to identify and map groundwater potential zones using
geomorphology, lithology, lineament density, recharge, depth to groundwater, slope, rainfall and
drainage density. These thematic layers were selected for groundwater mapping based on literature
and geophysical investigation and data appropriately weighted using AHP. Geomorphology and
lineament layers were derived from LISS 4 images. The final groundwater potential zones of the
area are characterized into; Very high, high, moderate and low. .
Introduction
Groundwater is one

Technology And Its Impact On The Classroom And The...
Additionally, Januszewski and Molenda (2008) who suggested the gold–standard definition of
educational technology, stated that the focus of EdTech research is now on the "appropriate
application of processes and technologies" (p. 2) to enhance learning. Two things can be inferred
from this statement: 1) the question is how to use technology, rather than what technology to use;
and 2) the focus is to enhance learning. To find answer to this question, EdTech researchers need to
look beyond the classroom and the individual learner and pay attention to the ways technology is
being used in the real–world settings. They should take into account the "social, political, economic,
cultural and historical contexts within which educational technology use (and non–use) is located"
(Selwyn, 2010, p. 66). Therefore, instead of assuming inherent benefits in a particular technology –
what Smith (1994) called "technological determinism" – and carrying out rigid, predictive
experiments to confirm its impact, we need more research exploring the socially shaped nature of
technology as it happens in the real, messy contexts (Selwyn, 2010). This is an important shift for
the field, because the majority of the studies in the past decades has been on how technologies
should be used for learning or what could happen with digital technologies, while the reasons and
the ways technologies are actually being used in the wider social contexts have remained under–
studied. This is particularly relevant to

New Technology In Health Care
The evaluation of new technology in today's health care environment has become a very important
issue for hospitals and other health care providers. Much has been written in the areas of financial
analysis, price negotiation, and acquisition errors. This article addresses issues that hospitals and
other health care providers may not have considered in their evaluation of new technology. These
issues include: (1) costs currently not included in the evaluation process, (2) consideration of the
threat of litigation, (3) use of technology to attract patients and physicians, (4) adjustment of
payment rates from payers, (5) evaluation of the physical layout of the facilities surrounding the new
technology, and (6) commitment to the process.
********** ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The authors suggested that many large purchases of medical technology were executed without a
proper understanding of the true cost, life expectancy, or value of the equipment. Savin and Vas
(1985) encouraged the inclusion of maintenance costs, interest rate, life expectancy, projected
revenues, increases in operating costs, and cost of capital to determine whether an acquisition's
expected net cash inflows exceeded its expected net cash

The Location Allocation Problem
There are three different variations of the location allocation problem being discussed in the articles.
The LAP can be seen below. Figure 1. Image of the Location Allocation Problem from [2], where
EF stands for existing facilities and NF stands new facilities. The first variation, global location
allocation problems, are what most large or cooperate businesses are dealing with today. Most
businesses that are looking to open new facilities are looking to either expand international or
expand domestically, but both require a global aspect. By combining AHP and GP, Badri created an
efficient manner in which to solve the added constraints of making the location allocation problem
global. The analytical hierarchy process was created by Saaty to add constraints into the LAP so that
it is a global problem. Since the global scale required additional regulations such as; political
situations, global competition, government regulations, and economic factors are added. This
hierarchy is created to be able to give a swift answer in a political environment where time is of the
essence. The first thing that must be established in the hierarchy is the goal, then the criteria, and
lastly the alternative locations. This problem requires the decision makers to apply weights to certain
goals and locations. The decision maker(s) have to place a weight or priority on each of the
alternatives the criteria creates. The weighing is given by equation 1 below. w_i^location=
(w_1+w_2+⋯+w_n)

Ob Chapter 6 Mcqs
Chapter 6 Basic Motivation Concepts
MULTIPLE CHOICE
Defining Motivation
1. Jim is a student who cannot work at writing a paper for more than 30 minutes, yet he can spend
many hours writing comments on blogs. What accounts for the change in motivation in this case? a.
his ability b. the situation c. his personality d. the congruence e. the structure of the task
(b; Moderate; Motivation; p. 175) {AACSB: Analytic Skills}
2. Motivation is best defined as a process that _____. a. results in a level of effort b. intensifies an
individual's efforts c. accounts for an individual's efforts toward attaining a goal d. meets an
individual's needs e. stabilizes over time
(c; ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Kate's case illustrates which point about Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory? a. Higher–order needs
tend to dominate lower order needs. b. Physiological needs can be controlled by the individual more
than higher–order needs. c. Lower–order needs do not have to be fully satisfied before higher–order
needs become dominant. d. Self–actualization is the need that requires the most resources to fill. e.
Self actualization is the highest order of need.
(c; Challenging; Hierarchy of Needs; p. 176) {AACSB: Analytic Skills}
14. What is the primary organizational factor that satisfies people's physiological needs? a. their
relationships with co–workers b. recognition c. pay d. admiration e. their position within the
organization
(c; Moderate; Physiological Needs; p. 176) {AACSB: Analytic Skills}
15. Who developed ERG theory? a. McClelland b. Maslow c. Alderfer d. Ouchi e. Dieckmann
(c; Moderate; ERG Theory; p. 177)
16. Hunger, thirst, sex, pay, and physical work environment are examples of which of Alderfer's
needs? a. existence b. safety c. growth d. physiological e. subsistence
(a; Moderate; Existence Needs; p. 177) {AACSB: Analytic Skills}

The Ministry Of National Defense
The Ministry of National Defense in Seoul, South Korea operates a worldwide supply system, with
the vast majority of the items being managed by the Korean Defense Logistics Agency (KDLA).
The KDLA is a logistics combat support organization whose mission is to provide the best value
logistics and contract management support to America 's Armed Forces around the world during
both times of peace and times of war. The KDLA had the third largest storage capacity of the top 15
distribution warehouses and was a leader in MND 's efforts to supply the military services. It
supported humanitarian relief efforts at home and abroad and provided logistics support to other
federal agencies. KDLA transformed its business approach in order to modernize their supply chain
processes and systems. This newly implemented process included order fulfillment, supply and
demand planning, material management, procurement and financial management process. However,
the agency didn 't simply approach this change by using big data set analytics to develop a logistics
supply chain applications to grow or compete with private entities or other federal agencies. Instead
they continued to develop their service offerings in reaction to the needs driven by the customers.
The KDLA introduced its first complete Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) solution through the
Business Systems Modernization (BSM) Program, which was fully operational in 2007. BSM and
other complimentary systems now encompass the

Hilton Worldwide : Contemporary Management Strategy
Introduction Through discussions with Mrs. Syreeta Adkins, Senior Manager, Corporate Sourcing at
Hilton Worldwide, many critical success factors were provided on a balanced scorecard from the
financial performance, customer satisfaction, internal processes, and learning and growth
perspectives. These critical success factors were increased profitability, sales growth, cash flow,
customer loyalty, customer satisfaction, brand recognition, service quality, transparent supply chain,
marketing research, streamlined reservation process, employee engagement, employee training and
education, and technology development. In order for Hilton Worldwide to achieve their critical
success factors, they must incorporate contemporary management techniques. Since Hilton
Worldwide is a large multi–billion dollar company, the Senior Manager, Corporate Sourcing
mentioned that Hilton Worldwide has done all thirteen contemporary management techniques;
however it was stated that the company should focus on relaunching business intelligence to become
more successful. In the next sections this research paper will focus on the contemporary
management technique called business intelligence. A rational for selection of the business
intelligence contemporary management technique will be discussed. Also, there will be an analysis
provided which will include a description of business intelligence, the implementation process,
application by other organizations, the applicability to Hilton Worldwide,

The Forces Driving An Organization
What are the forces driving an organization to shift to analytics and be known as an analytical
competitor? Analytics is when a particular organization uses large amount of data, predictive
modeling, fact–based management, statistical analysis, quantitative analysis, and explanatory
reasons in order to drive their business decisions and actions successfully (Harris 12). When an
organization is trying to be analytically competitive, they are using analytics systematically and
extensively to think outside the box to perform an execution to compete against other businesses.
Today, organizations want more use of their talent and experience. To help them, analytics is used to
manage their business performance, processes, strategy and key ... Show more content on
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Within the company they have implemented factors such as data, enterprise, leadership, targets, and
analytics (DELTA). Through these factors, the company is able to analyze and restructure their
business model to such a degree, that their strategies can be built around it. This is what sets
Amazon apart from other companies and this is what helps make them a top online retailer. Amazon
has continuously been innovating and building their analytical capabilities to stay on top of the
market. The company was built from scratch through analytics, data collection and experimentation.
Amazon has successfully stayed on the leading edge and has remained an analytical competitor for
many years. Few ways, one can see the company's growth is through the limited tests it has
performed of new features on Amazon.com. The company rigorously quantifies user reaction before
rolling the features out to the market. Amazon also uses extensive analytics to help predict what
products will be successful in the future. Through the statistical and quantitative analysis approach,
the company recommends products to its customers based on their previous buying experience.
From the start, Jeff Bezos has envisioned Amazon.com as an analytically managed company. Bezos
wants to squeeze every bit of efficiency out of its supply chain. The concept of personalization was
based on web transaction and statistical algorithms, and now it has

Enterprise Data Analysis And Visualization
Enterprise Data Analysis and Visualization: An Interview Study ABSTRACT Organizations rely on
data analysts to model customer engagement, streamline operations, improve production, inform
business decisions, and combat fraud. Numerous analysis and visualization advanced tools available
for analysts to work, but there are little research goes on how analysis happens in companies. To
better understand the enterprise analysts' ecosystem, we conducted semi structured interviews with
35 data analysts from 25 organizations. Based on our interview data, we characterize the process of
industrial data analysis and document how organizational features of an enterprise impact it. We
describe recurring pain points, outstanding challenges, and barriers to adoption for visual analytic
tools. INTRODUCTION: The researchers conducted semi–structured interviews with 35 analysts
from various sectors. They asked analysts to walk them through the typical tasks they perform, the
tools analysts use, the challenges they encounter, and the organizational context in which analysis
takes place. In this paper, we present the results and analysis of these interviews. The respondents
are well–described by three archetypes. We find that these archetypes vary widely in programming
proficiency, reliance on Information technology (IT) staff and diversity of tasks, and vary less in
statistical proficiency. We describe how collaboration takes place between analysts. We find that
analysts seldom share

Compare And Contrast The Definitions And Meanings Of...
1. (20 pts) Compare & contrast the definitions and meanings of ...
Decision support systems are computer information systems that are designed to help decision
makers in a company recognize problems and form solutions for those problems with data and
models.
Business intelligence is a computer based process for collecting and analyzing data to transform it
into meaningful information in order for leaders of a company to make better decisions for the
company.
Business analytics is
It is difficult to have one definition of each of these terms because they are so closely related they
almost seem like the same thing to some people.
Draw conceptual model relating these three terms
2. (20 pts) Refer to Figure 1.11 on pg. 23 of your text. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
All of these components tie together because it is essential for organizations to be able to efficiently
collect, maintain, and use large amounts of data at a time. A company must be able to collect the
data (data sources), transform the data into a form (extraction and transformation) that is easy to
clean (data loading), summarize the data and information (comprehensive database), maintain the
database (metadata), and allow users access to the warehouse (middleware tools) in order to create
and use a data warehouse.
b. (15 pts) What are the different architectures ...
Companies have several different architectures they can choose from when implementing a data
warehouse. There are multitier architectures (most common are two–tier and three–tier), web
architectures, independent data mart architectures, data mart bus architectures, hub–and–spoke
architectures, centralized data warehouse architecture, and federated architectures. Multitier
architectures are equipped for serving large data warehouses and other information systems. The
most common multitier architectures are two–tier and three–tier. Two–tier architectures consist of a
client workstation and application and database server. Three–tier architectures consist of a client
workstation, application server, and a separate database server. Web architectures contain a client or
Web browser, Web server, Web pages, application server, and data warehouse. Independent data
marts are the

Managing Quality And Performance Study Guide
Chapter 15–Managing Quality and Performance
TRUE/FALSE
1. The systematic process of regulating organizational activities to make them consistent with the
expectations in plans, targets, and standards of performance refers to organizational control.
ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 604
NAT: AACSB: Analytic | AACSB: Operations Management MSC: F
2. Effectively controlling an organization requires information about product standards and actual
products, as well as actions to correct any deviations from the standards.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 604–605
3. It is important to create a written Internet policy for an "acceptable use policy" for workplace
Internet use.
ANS: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Liabilities are the firm 's debts, both current and long–term.
19. The income statement shows revenues coming into the organization from all sources and
subtracts all expenses.
20. Under hierarchical control, employees are actively engaged and committed to their work.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 616

21. The use of cultural values, traditions, shared beliefs and trust to increase compliance with goals
refers to decentralized control.
22. Open–book management ties employee rewards to the company 's overall success.
23. The goal of open–book management is to get every employee thinking and acting like a business
owner.
24. Closed–book management helps employees appreciate why efficiency is important to the
organization 's success as well as their own.
ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 618
25. An organization–wide

Analytic Hierarchy Process And Analytic Network Process Essay
Analytic Hierarchy Process and Analytic Network Process
There are several methods to solve multi–criteria decision–making problems. Analytic Hierarchy
Process (AHP) and Analytic Network Process (ANP) are two methods created by Tomas Saaty. AHP
endeavor to solve the decision making problem by formed it in a hierarchy while ANP is used when
the problem is so complex that cannot be formed as a hierarchy. This complexity happens because of
the effect of criteria between each other or the effect of alternatives on criteria. Generally we can say
The Analytic Network Process is a generalization of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The ANP
approach can be comprises in to four steps [87]:
Step 1: Model construction and problem structuring: The problem should be stated clearly and
decomposed into a rational system like a network
Step 2: Pairwise comparisons and priority vectors: In ANP, like AHP, pairs of decision elements at
each cluster are compared with respect to their importance towards their control criteria.
Furthermore, interdependencies among criteria of a cluster must also be treated pairwise; thus the
influence of each element on other elements can be represented by an eigenvector. The relative
importance values are determined with Saaty's nine scales.
Step 3: Supermatrix structure: the Supermatrix concept is similar to the Markov chain process. To
obtain global priorities in a system with interdependent influences, the local priority vectors are
entered in the appropriate

A Supplier Selection, Evaluation and Re-Evaluation Model...
(REFEREED RESEARCH) A SUPPLIER SELECTION, EVALUATION AND RE–EVALUATION
MODEL FOR TEXTILE RETAIL ORGANIZATIONS TEKSTİL PERAKENDE
ORGANİZASYONLARINA YÖNELİK TEDARİKÇİ SEÇİM, DEĞERLENDİRME VE
YENİDEN DEĞERLENDİRME MODELİ Aşkıner GÜNGÖR Pamukkale University Industrial
Engineering Department e–mail: askiner@pau.edu.tr Semih COŞKUN Pamukkale University
Industrial Engineering Department Güngör DURUR Pamukkale University Textile Engineering
Department Hacer GÜNER GÖREN Pamukkale University Industrial Engineering Department
ABSTRACT In general, supplier selection is a multi–criteria decision problem that contains tangible
and intangible factors. This paper identifies and organizes these factors into a three–phase ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Since 1980s, some Turkish domestic firms especially located in the cities such as 181 Denizli,
Bursa, Gaziantep, Kahramanmaraş, Kayseri in the home textile industry have found ways of
connecting themselves to the global webs of manufacturing, distribution, and retailing of garments.
Tokatli (2) stated two related developments that have occurred during the process. First, a number of
manufacturing firms have acquired enough capability to develop and exercise their own strategies,
have upgraded their operations, and, as original brandname manufacturers, have evolved into global
competitors. Second, some large domestic manufacturers, which are the logistic partners of the
global retailers, have also experienced a cautious and gradual transformation from industrial capital
to commercial and financial capital. Overall, these aspects of textile industry, to be the selected one
is still the most important management scope for all parts: Being a selected retailer by the
customers, being a selected producer or distributer by retailers, being a selected raw materials
supplier for producers in the global industry chain (3). This study focuses on the issue of "how to
identify the best supplier". The answer to this question provides some very valuable information to
both manufacturers and retailers. This paper aims to find a practical answer to this question for
home textiles sector.

Advantages And Differences Between Text Mining And Text...
Get, convert and load exchange data on to the data warehouse system.
(2) Store and control the data into multidimensional database system (3) Provide data access to
information technology professionals and businesses experts. (4) Analyze the data by program
software.
(5) Provide the data in a useful structure, like a graph or chart or table [12].
1.1 Text mining: Text mining can be called as text data mining, which is roughly equal to text
analytics; text mining is used for deriving high–quality information from text documents and to
disclose the unseen meanings. Text mining is more complicated task as compared to data mining
because text mining deals with text data, which can be unstructured as well as fuzzy where as data
mining is the procedure of extracting information from huge sets of data. Text mining also is called
as Text Data Mining (TDM) and Knowledge Discovery in Textual Database (KDT) ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
As probably the most natural type of storing information is text and text mining is believed to have a
commercial potential greater than that of data mining. The recent study indicated that 80% of a
company's information is including in text documents. Text mining, however, is also a more
complex task as compare to data mining as it involves dealing with text data that are naturally
unstructured and fuzzy. Text mining is a multidisciplinary area, involving information retrieval, text
examination, information extraction, clustering, categorization, visualization, database technology,
device learning, and data mining [2]. In Text Mining, patterns are extracted from natural language
Textual Database. There are many methods of text mining. In general, the major approaches, based
on the kinds of data they take as input,

Sam Nolan Is The Chief Information Officer For Century...
Sam Nolan is the Chief information Officer for Century Medical. He has been on the job for 4 years,
and up until 6 months ago, really loved his job and felt that he was instrumental in bring
technological advances to his firm that increased efficiency while bringing future cost savings for
the firm. His previous accomplishment includes the creation of a benefits–administration system
that is expected to save the company $2M annually. (Daft, 2015, p. 336)
Problem
One would think that based on his previous success, the suggestion to move toward more social
business would be met with anticipation on the part of management. This, however, was not the
case. Sam Nolan finds himself receiving tangible resistance from Executive Vice President ... Show
more content on Helpwriting.net ...
(Daft, 2015, p. 309) On the other hand, some managers opt for decentralized control where
delegated by top management to middle and lower–level mangers within the organization, allowing
top management to focus more on major decisions, Employees can be empowered by having more
autonomy to make their own decisions, giving them a sense of importance and making them feel as
if they have more input in the direction of the organization, allows top managers to focus more on
strategic planning, and employees become more invested in the success of the organization as they
perceive that they have value in the company. This is evidenced by Carr refusing to permit critical
input from internal recruiters; his stating that the project, "is a waste of time and money" or that the
team should, "just stick to the original plan and get it done". The final insult being, "You can 't learn
more from a computer than you can talking to real people–and as for internal recruiting, it shouldn't
be so hard to talk to people if they're already working right here in

Analytic Hierarchy Process And Analytic Network Process
2.3.2 MCDA Models Related to Thesis Analytic Hierarchy Process and Analytic Network Process
There are different methods to solve multi–criteria decision–making problems. Analytic Hierarchy
Process (AHP) and Analytic Network Process (ANP) are two methods introduced by Tomas Saaty.
AHP tries to solve the decision problem by modeling it in a hierarchy while ANP is used when the
problem is so complex that cannot be modeled as a hierarchy. This complexity occurs because of the
effect of criteria on each other or the effect of alternatives on criteria. The Analytic Network Process
is a generalization of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. ANP approach comprises four steps [87]:
each cluster are compared with respect to their importance towards their control criteria. In addition,
interdependencies among criteria of a cluster must also be examined pairwise; the influence of each
element on other elements can be represented by an eigenvector. The relative importance values are
determined with Saaty's scale.
Step 3: Supermatrix formation: The Supermatrix concept is similar to the Markov chain process. To
entered in the appropriate columns of a

Analytical Tool
Analytical tool An analytical tool is something used to analyze or "take a closer look at" something.
It is normally a way to review the effectiveness of something. For example, Google offers a free
web analytics tool that is used by Web Masters to track visitors on a given site. It allows Web
Masters to see where visitors are coming from, how long they stay, what links they are reviewing,
etc. Analytic Tool help with Tracking and Reports! Data flow diagram –A data flow diagram (DFD)
is a graphical representation of the "flow" of data through an information system, modeling its
process aspects. Often they are a preliminary step used to create an overview of the system which
can later be elaborated.[2]DFDs can also be used for the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are a wide variety of ways to illustrate frequency distributions, including histograms, relative
frequency histograms, density histograms, and cumulative frequency distributions. Histograms show
the frequency of elements that occur within a certain range of values, while cumulative distributions
show the frequency of elements that occur below a certain value. Histograms Frequency Histogram
1. A graphical representation of a single dataset, tallied into classes. 2. Frequency defined as the
number of values that fall into each class. 3. Histogram consists of a series of rectangles whose
widths are defined by the limits of the classes, and whose heights are determined by the frequency in
each interval. 4. Histogram depicts many attributes of the data, including location, spread, and
symmetry. a. No rigid set of rules that determine the number of classes or class interval. b. Between
5 and 20 classes suitable for most datasets. c. Equal sized class widths are found by dividing the
range by the number of classes. d. Formal guide by which class intervals can be derived is the
formula: K = 1 + 3.3 * log n where K is the number of classes and n is the number of variables. 5.
Relative frequency defined as the fraction of times the value occurs, or the freuqency of value(s) ÷
number of observations in the set. 6. Relative frequencies usually of more interest than

The Decision Making With Multiple Criteria
The decision making with multiple criteria (MCDM) has been successfully used in complex
business problems. There are several methods for MCDM, such as Analytic Hierarchy process
(AHP), Potentially All Pairwise Rankings of All Possible Alternatives (PAPRIKA), Weighted Sum
Mode (WSM), Analytic network process (ANP), Multi–Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT) and so
forth. In this article, the ANP will be compared with AHP. The reason for choosing this two method
is because they are commonly used in the current decision–making software, such as "Decision
Lens™1", "Supper decisions™", "Expert Choice™2", "Logical Decisions". This makes me
curiously to known they unique features, scope of application, pros and cons. The ANP is a more
general form of the AHP. In the view point of the concept, these two share some common features,
comparing with other MCDM methods. The most significant different between the ANP and AHP is
the concept of the hierarchy vs. the network3. In the AHP4, each element in the hierarchy is
considered to be independent of all the others. The decision criteria are considered to be independent
of one another. AHP improve this consideration making it more relevant to the real world situation.
The relationship between various criteria (items, alternatives) are considered to be dependent, and
the interdependent, and their interrelations are shown in the defined nodes and interconnections. To
illustrate this, one example was provided here. Example: In the

Systematic Algorithm Of Proposed Prioritization Method
Figure 1. Systematic algorithm of proposed prioritization method. 〖 c〗_1(W_(C_1 )) c_2
(W_(C_2 )) ... ... c_n (W_(C_n )) PC =[■(a ̃_11&a ̃_12&⋯&⋯&a ̃_1n@a ̃_21&a ̃_22&⋯&⋯
&⋮@⋮&⋮&⋯&⋯&⋮@⋮&⋮&⋯&⋯&⋮@a ̃_m1&a ̃_m1&⋯&⋯&a ̃_mn )] And the general form of CR
matrix is: 〖 R〗_1 (W_(R_1 )) R_2 (W_(R_2 ))... ... R_k(W_(R_n )) CR =█(c_1@c_2@⋮@c_n )
[■(b ̃_11&b ̃_12&⋯&⋯&b ̃_1k@b ̃_21&b ̃_22&⋯&⋯&b ̃_2k@⋮&⋮&⋯&⋯&⋮@⋮&⋮&⋯&⋯&⋮@b
̃_n1&b ̃_n2&⋯&⋯&b ̃_nk )] Since some risks have a higher impact than others, it's better to treat
all risks uniquely. The risks that can cause the biggest losses, should have the biggest importance
weights. It's the same for criteria, each criterion has a relative importance weight comparing to other
criteria. For finding each criterion's importance weight (i.e. WC ) and each risk's importance weight
(i.e. WR), medical experts should compare each risk to all other risks and also each criterion to all
other criteria using ANP method. The reason of using ANP technique in this framework is that, ANP
enables us to consider all possible interrelationships among these criteria and risks. For further
information on ANP approach please refer to Saaty et al. (Saaty & Özdemir, 2005). Now each of k
risk and n criterion have weights, which indicates risk's/criterion's importance in comparison to
others. The numbers inside parenthesis in PC and CR matrices are weights obtained using ANP
methodology. In PC and CR matrices each criterion and each risk's weight should

Quantifying Information Technology Value
Quantifying IT Value Introduction The rapid evolution of enterprise IT systems in general and
analytics specifically is based on the myriad of information needs companies have. The Chief
Information Officer (CIO) must increasingly be just as much of a strategist as a technologist. This is
increasingly evident in how CIOS are expected to not only cost–reduce IT systems but also enable
greater agility in information technologies to drive top–line revenue growth (Trkman, McCormack,
de Oliveira, Ladeira, 2010). There are many analytics and reporting frameworks available for
tracking the contribution of each area of a company's value chain. One of the most prevalent is the
role of Dr. Michael Porter's value chain in defining how the functional areas of a business over time
need to be coordinated to deliver profitability (Porter, 1986). For many companies, analytics is the
glue or catalyst that unifies all aspects of the value chain together, ensuring the smooth operation of
an enterprise. With the value chain framework in mind, the intent of this analysis is to evaluate the
most critical key performance indicators (KPIs) and metrics of performance to measure the
effectiveness and efficiency of IT strategies throughout an organization. The aggregate–based effect
of using these KPIs and measures of performance is to create a foundation for measuring economic
value of IT to the enterprise over the long–term. This aspect of measuring the value of information
technological is

A Major Reason For Performance Improvement Program Essay
A major reason for performance improvement project failures is the misinterpretation of an ongoing
performance program. Prioritizing performance efforts would help an organization achieve early
quality improvement goals and maintain adequate momentum for future QI initiatives. An
organization should follow six step approach model for implementing and monitoring a quality
improvement program. First step of a six step quality improvement program model should line up
improvement initiatives with the facility's quality improvement program strategic objectives. Health
care component relationship interaction is simultaneously affected and changed by the health care
organization's operational process systems. Due to the simultaneous change and impact of process
components, it is very important for any ongoing performance improvement model to lineup parallel
to the health care organizations strategic objectives. A health care facility's objectives can take many
forms and priorities. Federal or state accreditation and or developing a new medical wing or process
are examples of an organization's strategic objectives. In order for a quality improvement initiative
to be successful, the QI initiative must lineup with the facilities strategic initiatives to obtain some
form of accreditation or develop a new specialty department or health care process. Step two of
developing an effective and successful performance improvement model, is to use an analytical
approach to gathering,

Business Intelligence Definition and Capabilities
Business Intelligence
Definition and Capabilities
Compiled
By
JAIRO A. TABORDA
For
Information Technology Department
Municipality of Envigado
Important Note:
These are original texts and were written and revised on 10 February 2012 by Gartner Inc. The
original document is part of Gartner 's Magic Quadrant research methodology to provide a graphical
and analytical competitive positioning of Business Intelligence technology providers.
Content
Business Intelligence 1 Market Definition/Description 3 1. Integration 3 1.1 BI infrastructure 3 1.2
Metadata management 3 1.3 Development tools 3 1.4 Collaboration 4 2. Information Delivery 4 2.1
Reporting 4 2.2 Dashboards 4 2.3 Ad hoc query 4 2.4 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
*
2.2 Dashboards * This subset of reporting includes the ability to publish formal, Web–based or
mobile reports with intuitive interactive displays of information, including dials, gauges, sliders,
check boxes and traffic lights. These displays indicate the state of the performance metric compared
with a goal or target value. Increasingly, dashboards are used to disseminate real–time data from
operational applications or in conjunction with a complex event processing engine. *
2.3 Ad hoc query * This capability enables users to ask their own questions of the data, without
relying on IT to create a report. In particular, the tools must have a robust semantic layer to allow
users to navigate available data sources. These tools should include a disconnected analysis
capability that enables users to access BI content and analyze data remotely without being connected
to a server–based BI application. In addition, these tools should offer query governance and auditing
capabilities to ensure that queries perform well. *

2.4 Microsoft Office integration * In some use cases, BI platforms are used as a middle tier to
manage, secure and execute BI tasks, but Microsoft Office (particularly Excel) acts as the BI client.
In these cases, it is vital that the BI vendor provides integration with

Ch7 Process Management Essay
CHAPTER 7
PROCESS MANAGEMENT
TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS
1. Process management is defined as the controlling and improving of processes after they have
been designed. Answer: F AACSB: Analytic Skills
2. Support processes generally do not directly add value to products and services. Answer: T
AACSB: Reflective Thinking Skills
3. Processes must be both measurable and repeatable to be improved. Answer: T AACSB: Analytic
Skills
4. A well–run manufacturing operation can usually compensate for a poor product design. Answer: F
AACSB: Analytic Skills
5. Stretch goals often result from benchmarking activities. Answer: T AACSB: Analytic Skills
6. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In many companies, value creation processes take the form of _____ temporary work structures that
start up, produce products or services, and then shut down. a. projects b. outsourcing c. crisis teams
d. product teams Answer: a AACSB: Analytic Skills
5. A graphical representation of a process sequence is known as: a. an affinity diagram. b. a Pareto
chart. c. a flowchart. d. a control chart. Answer: c AACSB: Analytic Skills
6. Which type of process drives the creation of products and services, is critical to customer
satisfaction, and has a large impact on the organization's strategic goals? a. Value–creation process
b. Support process c. Outsourced process d. Supplier process Answer: a AACSB: Analytic Skills
7. Process management consists of: a. design, installation, and improvement. b. design, control, and
improvement. c. design, control, and standardization. d. analysis, control, and improvement.
Answer: b AACSB: Analytic Skills

8. _______ are accountable for process performance. a. Process managers b. Process owners c.
Process workers d. Process black belts Answer: b AACSB: Analytic Skills
9. Which of the following is NOT TRUE of process owners? a. They are accountable for process
performance. b. They have the

Exploring Big Data with Social Media Analytics Essay
Today, over 5 billion people have mobile phones, 2 billion people are on the Internet, an individual
spends more than 3 hours online, and over 400 million tweets are sent per day. 2.5 billion contents
are shared on Facebook, 2.7 billion "Likes"; 300 million photos are being uploaded. Facebook is the
world´s largest community serving over a billion of users. Social media are storing massive amount
of data of terabytes to zettabytes size, never–before–analyzed data that carry crucial information,
which cannot be ignored. However, around 90% of the captured data is "Unstructured" meaning it's
spontaneously generated and not easily captured and classified. The graph below shows the
voluminous increase of unstructured data from 2010 to 2015. ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
5. Social Media Analytics and Complexity. Data in Social Media comes from numerous sources. It
is a great challenge to use different processes like linking, matching, connecting, correlating
relationships, hierarchies and multiple data linkages. This is how complex data can be and if not
managed properly, could go out of control.( Ref 2)
Data Analytics
In social media every user actively produces data, either by Googling, by sharing tweets, comments,
profiles, favorites, likes or follows, or by uploading or downloading blogs, photos, videos or such
other content. The amount of information that gets into the Internet is unimaginable large and
predicted to double every 18 months. Every single action on the social media produces added value,
which can be aggregated and capitalized in commercial advertising and market analysis. This is how
companies such as Google and Facebook have been able to become multibillion–dollar businesses.
"Facebook ingests approximately 500 times more data each day than the New York Stock Exchange
(NYSE). Twitter is storing at least 12 times more data each day than the NYSE" according to
BusinessInsider.com research. (Ref 3)
Lot of researches and studies are being conducted in analyzing this data and "Data Analytics" has
become a subject by itself. Data mining processes great potential, as the data has predictive power;
the

Literature Review On 3p Service
2. Literature Review
In recent years, Third Party Logistics (3PL) service providers play a very important role in a supply
chain of an organization. A brief literature review is given in this section of the paper. Tate (1996)
identified seven factors (compatibility, deep understanding of a partner's business needs, open
communications, commitment, fairness, flexibility, and trust) that improved long– term relationship
between 3PL and their customers. Logan (2000) used agency theory to help in bonding
3PL/customers relationships. It is postulated that, cost reduction and services improvement criteria
are most expected by clients to avoid conflicts with their 3PL. Fawcett and Smith (1995) identified
five criteria's to evaluate the 3PL performance, ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This research paper investigated and quantitatively modeled an approach of selecting 3PL service
providers for Indian cement manufacturing industries. The results of the research show that, the
compatibility with the users & cost of service are the top two criteria's, whereas, geographical
spread and range of services provided & flexibility in operation and delivery are the criteria's having
very low rank (19 &20). It is also found that, an AHP approach gives logical results & helps the
managers of the industry to visualize and analyze the affect of various selection criteria's on the final
decision to be taken. This is how it directs the 3PL service providers selection towards a logical
decision making process, which can be advantageous to all the cement manufacturers wanting to
hire third party for providing logistics services in the cement

Types Of Sap Hana Models
1 Types of SAP HANA Models
This chapter provides an overview of the different models that can be created in SAP HANA. For
each model type, the chapter defines the model in question, outlines the criteria for choosing it, and
explains its benefits.
1.1 SAP HANA Database Engine Architecture
SAP HANA is an in–memory technology platform that is deployable as an appliance or in the cloud.
Its core is the SAP HANA database, which is built for high performance applications. It makes full
use of the main memory and processing power provided by modern hardware. As relevant data is
kept in main memory, read operations can run in main memory. SAP HANA is also designed to
make full use of multi–core CPUs by parallelization of execution. Research ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Application–specific services provided by the XS server are either created declaratively or by
writing server side application code. The XS server also hosts several system services, for example
for data replication, and for analytical queries and search queries over HTTP. Several web–based
tools included with SAP HANA are also running on XS, for example for development, system
administration, and life cycle management.
The name server owns the information about the topology of a SAP HANA system. In a distributed
system, the name server knows where the components are running and which data is located on
which server.
The SAP HANA studio is both development environment and administration tool. Administrators
can use the SAP HANA studio for example to start and stop servers, to monitor the system, to
configure system settings and to manage users and authorizations. As shown in figure 4, the SAP
HANA connects to the SAP HANA servers via SQL. Developers can use the SAP HANA studio to
create content such as data models, modeled views or procedures. These development artifacts are
stored in the SAP HANA repository. The SAP HANA studio is based on the Eclipse platform.
In addition to SAP HANA studio, there are also web–based tools for administration and
development. The server side parts of these tools are system applications that run in the XS server.
Web–based development tools can be used to perform most development tasks in a browser. Web–
based XS

Solving Multi Criteria Decision Making Problems
There are several methods to solve multi–criteria decision–making problems. Analytic Hierarchy
Process (AHP) and Analytic Network Process (ANP) are two methods created by Tomas Saaty. AHP
endeavor to solve the decision making problem by formed it in a hierarchy while ANP is used when
the problem is so complex that cannot be formed as a hierarchy. This complexity happens because of
the effect of criteria between each other or the effect of alternatives on criteria. Generally we can say
The Analytic Network Process is a generalization of the Analytic Hierarchy Process. The ANP
approach can be comprises in to four steps [87]:
each cluster are compared with respect to their importance towards their control criteria.
Furthermore, interdependencies among criteria of a cluster must also be treated pairwise; thus the
influence of each element on other elements can be represented by an eigenvector. The relative
importance values are determined with Saaty's nine scales.
Step 3: Supermatrix structure: the Supermatrix concept is similar to the Markov chain process. To
entered in the appropriate columns of a matrix. As a result, a supermatrix is

Two Different Organizational Structures
1.2 At least two different Organisational structures are identified, described, and compared in terms
of their design principles. Answer: 1. Organisational structure is a system used to define a hierarchy
within an Organisation. It identifies each job and its function and where it reports to within the
Organisation. This structure is developed to establish how an Organisation operates and assists an
Organisation in obtaining its goals to allow for future growth. Organisational structure is particularly
important for decision making. It is also important that responsibilities are clearly defined. Each
person has a job description that outlines duties, and each job occupies its own position on the
company Organisation chart. 2. There are two different types of Organisational structure:
Centralization and Decentralization structures Centralization: Centralized Organisational structures
rely on one individual to make decisions and provide direction for the company. Small Businesses
often use this structure since the owner is responsible for the company's business operations.
Decentralization: Decentralized Organisational structures often have several individuals responsible
for making business decisions and running the business. Decentralized Organisations rely on a team
environment at different levels in the business. Individuals at each level in the business may have
some autonomy to make business decisions 3. Centralization Decentralization In this manager have
to

Project Database Planning Process On The Needs Of A...
1.1 Database Planning
This project bases the database planning process on the needs of a beverage company. The company
is known to manufacture, market, and distribute soft drink products internationally. Analysts prepare
budget forecasts and compare performance to budget forecasts on a monthly basis. The measures
that analysts track are profit, loss and inventory from the financial database. The company uses huge
spreadsheet packages to prepare budget data and perform variance reporting. Because they plan and
track a variety of products over several markets, deriving and analyzing data is tedious because it is
done manually. Last month, they spent most of their time entering and rekeying data and preparing
reports. They have determined ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The month end processes like Actuals Open, Actuals Close, Forecast Open Part 1, Forecast Open
Part 2 and Forecast Close help in analysis of data efficiently. This is implemented through Oracle
Hyperion Essbase which provides the ability to deliver critical business information to the right
people when they need it. With Essbase, the beverage company can quickly leverage and integrate
data from multiple existing data sources and distribute filtered information to end–user communities
in the format that best meets the users' needs. Analysts can interact and intuitively explore data in
real time and along familiar business dimensions, enabling them to perform speed–ofthought
analytics.
1.2 Scope and Objectives
The Hyperion EPM implementation and an agile project management approach using the Oracle
Unified Methodology (OUM) will help meet the following objectives:
Better communication between implementation team, project management, and stakeholders. This
implementation is managed using Agile methodology.
Provide server sizing recommendations and specifications.
Implement clustering for production failover.
Provide recommendations for application archiving strategy.
Design application to support P&L, Balance Sheet,

9e Chapter 2 Test Essay
Chapter 2: Foundations of Quality Management
TRUE/FALSE
1. Deming laid out a "quality improvement program" for companies such as Ford, GM, and Procter
& Gamble, when invited to work with them to improve their quality.
ANS: F DIF: Difficulty: Easy NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
TOP: A–Head: The Deming Philosophy KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
2. Unlike other management gurus and consultants, Deming defined and described quality precisely.
TOP: A–Head: The Deming Philosophy KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
3. Deming stressed that the lowest levels of operational staff in an organization must assume the
overriding responsibility for quality management.
ANS: F DIF: Difficulty: Moderate NAT: BUSPROG: ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Setting simple goals and targets is one of the practices that are used for implementing leadership as a
quality management principle.
ANS: F DIF: Difficulty: Moderate NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
TOP: A–Head: Principles, Practices, and Techniques of Quality Management
KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
19. Variation in a production process increases capacity utilization.
TOP: A–Head: Variation and Statistical Thinking KEY: Bloom's: Knowledge
20. Variation in a production process makes it easier to find the root cause of the process issues.

21. Common causes of variation in a production process are a result of the design of the product and
production system.
ANS: T DIF: Difficulty: Easy NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
22. Special causes of variation in a production process arise from internal sources that are inherent
in the process.
ANS: F DIF: Difficulty: Moderate NAT: BUSPROG: Analytic
23. A quality management system represents a specific implementation of quality concepts,
standards, methods, and tools, and is unique to an organization.
ANS: T DIF: Difficulty: Easy

Procurement Strategy : Supply Chain Management
1 Introduction Procurement strategy is the important strategy involve the supply chain management,
It provides the business could access the opportunities to reduce the cost, makes the quality promise,
consequensely, gain the profit. The supplier selection process starts with the requirements of the
materials for the business. The processes of the supplier selection include supplier identification,
supplier evaluation and set the contract with the supplier. Supplier selection is designed to ensure
their quality, safety and efficiency. 2 The main body 2.1 Supplier selection process 2.1.1 supplier
identification At first, the business must identify potential suppliers applied to the procurement
strategies as described in the procurement ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Green Chilly has to analyze all the information together about potential suppliers. Generally, the
business make 3 types of request to suppliers, request for information(RFI), request for
proposal(RFP), request for quote(RFQ), (Beil and Ross, 2009) the suppliers must give the response
according to these three requests. There are more complex factors take into consideration to select
the suppliers, such as environmental, social, political, and customer satisfaction. It is important to
identify the requirement and the criteria for the different types of the supplier in the business, the
quality and the price is widely used in the supplier selection, according to the Green Chilly
restaurant, the criteria can be divided into the food supplier and nonfood supplier, because of the
restaurant request a high requirement for the fresh food, delivery is the most important factors to
consider, the non–monetary term is applied to the food supplier. The equipment in the restaurant
could use the monetary criteria to reduce the cost. Additionally the supplier 's operational capacity,
technical capability and financial ability should be taken under consideration (Solish and Semanik
1999). 2) Determine Sourcing Strategy . It is important to determine the sourcing strategies,

Week2
[pic] Department of Management Class of BUS 564 Advanced Decision Making Final Exam 1– A
local real estate investor in Orlando is considering three alternative investments: a motel, a
restaurant, or a theater. Profits from the motel or restaurant will be affected by the availability of
gasoline and the number of tourists; profits from the theater will be relatively stable under any
conditions. The following payoff table shows the profit or loss that could result from each
investment: | |Gasoline Availability | |Investment |Shortage |Stable Supply |Surplus | |Motel |$ 6,000
|$10,000 |$20,000 | |Restaurant |2,000 |15,000 |6,000 | |Theater ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
c. Construct the opportunity loss table and determine the best decision. d. Compute the expected
value of perfect information. 4– Carol Latta is visiting hotels in Los Angeles to decide where to hold
a convention for a national organization of college business school teachers she represents. There
are three hotels from which to choosethe Cheraton, the Milton, and the Harriott. The criteria she is
to use to make her selection are ambiance, location (based on safety and walking distance to
attractions and restaurants), and cost to the organization. Following are the pairwise comparisons
she has developed that indicate her preference for each hotel for each criterion and her pairwise
comparisons for the criteria: |Ambiance | |Hotel |Cheraton |Milton |Harriott | |Cheraton |1 |1/2 |1/5 |
|Milton |2 |1 |1/3 | |Harriott |5 |3 |1 | |Location | |Hotel |Cheraton |Milton |Harriott | |Cheraton |1 |5 |3 |
|Milton |1/5 |1 |1/4 | |Harriott |1/3

1912 Nude Descending A Staircase By Georges Braque
In the early twentieth century Post–Impressionism was the avant–garde art movement in the world,
with its central city Paris, France. Artists from different religious backgrounds, cultures, and societal
hierarchies migrated to Paris to take their art in new directions. France was a city of tolerance during
both Pre and Post WWI; therefore, it was a beacon for those who wanted to convey their emotions
and ideas visually. Paul Cezanne, Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Marcel Duchamp, Henri Matisse,
Marc Chagall, Amedeo Modigliani, Chaim Soutine, and Robert Delaunay came to Paris and sought
to create art with a personal aesthetic and to capture the essence of the modern era. As with Cezanne
and Picasso, Georges Braque (1881–1963) used the cubism ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Cubism ignited a new way to think and look at art. In Picasso's 1910 Portrait of Art Dealer Ambroise
Vollard, he really pushed the boundaries of abstract painting in this analytic cubist composition.
Analytic cubism is in which the object is broken down and dissolves into underlying geometric
figures. Therefore, to examine the Portrait of Art Dealer Ambroise Vollard, the viewer cannot stand
too close because all of what will be seen is geometric facets. However, if the viewer steps
backwards, then they will see that Ambroise Vollard is in the center of the composition. He has
dissolved into the background, yet the details of his face are evident with his balding head, closed
eyes, beard, and mustache. Picasso used monochrome colors of browns and gray tones throughout
this painting, which was indispensable to the underlying geometric elements of the Ambroise
Vollard's form and the background merged into each other (Soltes, L38,

Information Systems Strategic Planning Risk And...
BA531 Business Performance Management
Week 1 Assignment
Information Systems Strategic Planning Risk & Performance
David Nagus
Grantham University
Professor Duhn
Sept 3, 2015
1. State a simple definition of performance management.
Performance management is a process that provides feedback and accountability and also
documentation for performance outcomes. It is a forum to help employees channel their talents
toward organizational goals.
2. State the three major strategic choices facing firms.
Globalization, Competition, Out Sourcing
3. Explain the seven major forces which drive interest in performance management.
Economy:
a) Failure to explain the strategy: A reason for this failure is managers and employees cannot explain
the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
g) Broken budget process: Annual budget exercises are viewed as fiscal routines by accountants that
do not reflect future volume drivers.
4. Explain the relationship between performance management and value creation. is a process by
which managers and employees work together to plan, monitor and review an employee 's work
objectives and overall contribution to the organization. Value creation is the primary aim of any
business entity. Creating value for customers helps sell products and services, while creating value
for shareholders. The two tie together because the company wants to improve on their internal
processes and that includes having products or services that customers will buy and use and that is
the ultimate goal of an organization to create streaming revenues.
Read more: http://www.referenceforbusiness.com/management/Tr–Z/Value–
Creation.html#ixzz3kszAFSaP
5. State the four customer–facing trends which drive customer satisfaction.
Customer Service–This is the first contact a customer will have with a company basically the face of
the organization and if that fails everything else will too.

Improvement–Making sure the way things are done to continually improve the customers
experience
Act on findings–If there is an experience where a customer has a problem find the cause and fix it
Optimize–This means use existing resources or find other resources to

In This Paper, We Discuss How To Select The Best Network
In this paper, we discuss how to select the best network from the available radio networks in case of
vehicular communication, for a particular voice application. Selection of network is done by
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy–Topsis method. Our main aim of this work is to
reduce the chances of collision through Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). The number of
vehicles is increasing rapidly these days that causes the chances of collision because of limited
number of path. A significant challenge for beyond third generation (B3G) wireless networks is to
coordinate the many different types of networks being used for wireless communications. The
primary objective in this work is to design and simulate a novel handover ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
Thus, a mobile station able to operate on several technologies should roam freely from one interface
to another, being able to maintain its network connection and the QoS required by higher layer
applications. The vertical handover is a very important capability in the future wireless
communication era, where an integrated network grouping multiple technologies will try to offer a
global broadband access to mobile users. However, compared to the horizontal handover, the signal
strength metric is sometimes not suited and often not sufficient to appropriately trigger the vertical
handover: as heterogeneous networks have different system characteristics, their performance
cannot be simply compared using the signal strength of two cells [12]. At a particular position, there
may be more than one network (WLAN, WCDMA and Wi–Max) available. On the other hand it
may happen that the desired network, through which the vehicle is communicating currently, is not
available at a particular area. Thus it is required to change the network immediately to ensure QoS.
Vertical handoff enables seamless terminal, personal and network mobility. It provides for continuity
and transfer of existing sessions. Vertical handoff can be separated into three phases: network
discovery, handoff decision, and handoff execution [8]. This paper aims at defining an efficient
user–driven vertical handover mechanism which does not require any change on network and
Protocol

An Effective Method For Integrating Enterprise Applications
Abstract
Today there is a new data management challenge that is an effective method for integrating
enterprise applications. To learn from history and predict the future, plenty of companies are using
Business Intelligence (BI) systems. Corporations have understood the significance of intensifying
achievements of the objectives defined by their business strategies through business intelligence
ideas.
Business Intelligence is gaining popularity in many organizations and companies. Business
Intelligence solutions are developed to help the organizations understand their customers, activities
and performance. BI solutions act as measurements units for a business or an organization. Deficient
intelligence leads to weak decision making. BI has ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
BI provides the ability for an organization to take all its processes and capabilities and then convert
these into knowledge, ultimately getting proper information for the right people, at the justified
time, through the correct channel.
The term implies having an exhaustive knowledge of all of the factors exert influence on the
business. It is obligatory that firms have an in depth knowledge about factors such as customers,
rivals, business associates, economic micro and macro environments, and interior operations to
make effective and good quality business decisions. Business intelligence allows organizations to
make these kinds of decisions. Thus, Business intelligence aims to support better business decision–
making.
Business intelligence is a collection of theories, procedures, and arrangements that turn raw data into
meaningful and applicable information for business objectives. Business Intelligence can handle
vast amounts of unstructured, semi–structured as well as structured data to help recognize, develop
and generate new opportunities. In a simple phrase, business intelligence makes interpreting
voluminous data amiable. Exploiting new opportunities and carrying out effective strategies can
provide a competitive market advantage and long–term stability.
BI technologies provide previous, current and forecasting views of business functions. Common

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