2. INTRODUCTION • Aminoglycosides are antibiotics produced from soil
actinomycetes.
• They are generally administered as sulphate salts.
• Streptomycin is the prototype of this class.
• Gentamicin and netlimicin are derived from the species of
actinomycetes.
• The sugars are linked to aminocyclitol ring by glycosidic bond.
• Gentamicin is the first line aminoglycoside antibiotic.
3. INTRO…
• MICINS are derived from the micromonospora.
• MYCINS are derived from the streptomyces.
• They are generally used to treat gram negative bacteria.
• They are acting as poly actions and have some polarity.
• Aminoglycoside are bacteriocidal in nature.
4. MECHANISM OF
ACTION
• These drugs interfere with initiation of protein synthesis,
leading to accumulation of abnormal initiation complexes
;these drugs can also cause misreading of mRNA.
• These mostly acted by binding to 30s ribosomes.
• These drugs have little activity against aerobic microorganisms
and gram positive activity is limited.
• Penicillins + aminoglycosides achieves synergistic bacteriocidal
action.
5. SOME IMPORTANT
AMINOGLYCOSIDES
• GENTAMICIN:
• Gentamicin is obtained from the
Micromonospora purpurea.
• It is surprised streptomycin because of high
potency.
• This drug is ineffective against TB.
6. TOBRAMYCIN
• Pharmacological profile as same as
Gentamicin.
• It is obtained from the S. Tenebrarius.
• Given through IV and IM.
• Do not combined with penecillins .
7. NETLIMICIN
• This drug has broad spectrum activity.
• It is used to treat serious infections due to susceptible
Enterobacteriae.
• Used to treat urinary tract infections.
• LESS TOXIC THAN ALL OTHER AMINOGLYCOSIDES.
8. STREPTOMYCIN
• Generally used in combination with all other
antibacterial agents.
• It has narrow spectrum of activity.
• Less potent than other aminoglycosides.
• Active against aerobic gram negative bacteria.
• It is obtained from the streptomyces griseus.
