Book: Pronunciation plus By: Martin Hewings and Sharon Goldstein. Units 13, 14, and 15. A teachers resource

1. By: Águeda Castillo

2. Unit 13
/ʧ/ Voiceless postalveolar affricate
/ʤ/ Voiced postalveolar affricate
/ʒ/ Voiced palatal fricative
/ʃ/ Voiceless palatal fricative

3. Place of Articulation
/ʧ/
/ʃ/
/ʒ/
/ʤ/

4. Voiceless alveopalatal affricate
Examples:
Check
Church
Kitchen
Furniture
Beach
The airstream is first stopped momentarly and then quickly
released with friction.
The tongue tip is firmly pressed against the alveolar ridge
behind upper front teeth, and then moved very closed to the
palatal area. The vocal cords are not vibrating.

5. Voiced alveopalatal affricate
Examples:
June
Jewerly
Agency
college
The airstream is first stopped momentarly and then quickly released
with friction.
The tongue tip is firmly pressed against the alveolar ridge behind upper
front teeth, and then moved very closed to the palatal area. The vocal
cords are vibrating.

6. Voiceless palatal fricative
Examples:
Shopping
Vacation
Dishes
Cash
The tongue blade is near the hard palate but does not touch
upper gum ridge, the airstream continuous without
interruption, and the vocal cords are not vibrating.

7. Voiced palatal fricative
Examples:
Television
Pleasure
Garage
Ususally
The tongue blade is near the hard palate but does not touch
upper gum ridge, the airstream continuous without
interruption, and the vocal cords are vibrating.

8. Approximant consonants
Approximants are speech sounds that involve the
articulators approaching each other but not narrowly
enough or with enough articulatory precision to create
turbulent airflow.
Approximants fall between fricatives, which do produce a
turbulent airstream, and vowels, which produce no
turbulence.
This class of sounds includes lateral approximants like [l] (as
in less), non-lateral approximants like [ɹ] (as in rest), and
semivowels like [j] and [w] (as in yes and west, respectively

9. Unit 14
/w/ Voiced labiovelar glide
/j/ Voiced palatal glide
/l/ Voiced alveolar lateral
/r/ Voiced alveolar retroflex

10. Voicedalveolar retroflex
Examples:
Rain
Right
Remember
Restaurant
Friend
a
The tonhue tip is curled upward, but does not touch the rof
of the mouth, the airstream continuous without interruption
and the vocal cords are vibrating

11. Voiced palatal glide
Examples:
You
Year
Yesterday
University
Museum
View
The tongue blade is near the hard palate, in the same
position as for vowel /i/, but does not touch it. The airstream
continuous without interruption, and the vocal cords are
vibrating

12. Voiced alveolar lateral
Examples:
Late
Alone
Call
Clock
Little
The tongue tip is pressed against the upper gum ridge the
airstream is continuous and passes over both sides of the
tongue, and the vocal cords are vibrating

13. Voiced labiovelar glide
Examples:
Walk
Windy
Would
When
twenty
The tongue back is raised toward the velum and the lips are
simultaneos rounded in the same position as for the vowel
/u/. The aristream continuous without interruption, and the
vocal cords are vibrating.

14. Unit 15
/m/ Voiced bilabial nasal
/n/ Voiced alveolar nasal
/ŋ/ Voiced velar nasal

15. Voiced bilabial nasal
Examples:
Music
Home
Climb
Museum
sometimes
The two lips are pressed together, and the airstream is
forced into the nasal cavity and exits through the nose. The
vocal cords are vibrating.

16. Voiced alveolar nasal
Examples:
Never
Mine
Once
Doesn´t
Mountain
The toungue tip is pressed against the alveolar ridge, behaind
upper front teeth. The airstream is continuous without
interruption through the nose and the vocal coards are
vibrating.

17. Voiced velar nasal
Examples:
Long
Nothing
Think
Finger
Singing
The tongue bak touches the velum and the airstream
continuous through the nose, and the vocal cords are
vibrating.