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Africalterover snapp
1. LTER experiences and relationship to long-term trials in Africa Professor Sieg Snapp Dept Crop and Soil Sciences KBS, Michigan State University The mission of the LTER Network: Knowledge and predictive understanding necessary to conserve, protect, and manage the nation's ecosystems, their biodiversity, and the services they provide.
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4. KBS Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) Site Annual Crops (Corn - Soybean - Wheat) Conventional tillage High No-till Low-input with legume cover Organic with legume cover Perennial Crops Alfalfa Poplar trees Successional Communities Early successional old field Mid successional old field Late successional forest Low Ecosystem Type Management Intensity
5. KBS LTER Site Layout Cropping Systems in RCBD (n=6 blocks with 7 1-ha plots) Successional Systems in landscape, same soil series, n=3 Block 5
11. Unmanured, continuous wheat Continuous wheat: FYM PK+144 kg N 1st wheat in rotation: FYM+96 kg N Best NPK Red Rostock Broadbalk management and wheat yield: Updates based on prevailing norms Red Club Squ. Master Red Standard Squ. Master Cappelle Desp. Flanders Brimstone Apollo Hereward Introduction of: liming fungicides fallowing herbicides
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13. LTER Energy Balance (GJ ha -1 y -1 ) LTER Row Crop 17 years Gelfand et al. EST 2010 System Energy Required Energy Yield Ratio Conven-tional 7.1 72.7 10 No-Till 4.9 78.5 16 Low Input 5.1 66.9 13 Organic 4.8 53.1 11
14. Source: Syswerda, et al. in review. Nitrate Loss from KBS Cropping Systems 1996-2007 Annual Crops Perennial Unmanaged
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