Children are more prone to diseases than elders but the rate of children with kidney stones which was once uncommon in them is growing alarmingly. This introduces a situation to be more alert about the health condition of our children which may cause unbearable pain to them. AESMC, one of the top Pediatric Clinic in Abudhabi is very much concerned about this issue and is providing a detailed information about the topic.

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ARE CHILDREN SAFE FROM KIDNEY STONES?

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Introduction
 Children are more prone to diseases than elders but the rate of children with kidney stones
which was once uncommon in them is growing alarmingly.
 This introduces a situation to be more alert about the health condition of our children which
may cause unbearable pain to them.
 Kidney stone are a collection of small, hard deposits of mineral and acid salts formed within
the urinary tract blocking the flow of urine.
 It cause intense pain in children creating nausea and vomiting and can ultimately lead to
long-term kidney problems.

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Continues…
 When compared to adults stones are less common in children and a quick recovery is
possible in some cases children could face an increased risk of developing another stone in
the future.
TYPES OF KIDNEY STONES
 Kidney stone occurs when normal urine substances like calcium, oxalate, magnesium and
phosphorus get highly concentrated.
 Calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate stones are the most common stones which are
found in the kidney or ureter and must be removed using a noninvasive method.

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 Mainly four main types of kidney stones are found:
• Calcium Stones- As mentioned they occur in two major forms calcium oxalate and calcium
phosphate and are the most common type of kidney stones seen in many.
• Cystine Stones- It is caused due to some genetic disorder. A natural substance Cysteine, leaks
through the kidneys into the urine.
• Uric Acid Stones- Too much of animal proteins intake could lead to this type of stone,
increasing acid deposition in the urine.
• Struvite Stones- This is formed when someone has frequent urinary tract infections.

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DEVELOPMENT OF KIDNEY STONES
 The urinary tract is composed of two kidneys and ureters, a bladder, and a urethra.
 When some normal substances like calcium, oxalate, cystine, or uric get accumulated in high
amounts a kidney stone is developed.
 But they are formed in some children even if these substances are at normal levels.
 Small stones of less than 5 millimeters usually moves through the urinary tract on they
stuck within the tract causing pain and blocking the flow of urine.
 Treatment will be the only option in this case so Stone testing must be carried out in order
to find the type of stone which decides the treatment.

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SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
 If your child have a sudden, severe pain in the side of the body then it can be taken as a sign
of kidney stone.
 Finding a comfortable position for your child is difficult in this case as she/he may suffer
severe pain which can spread out to the belly, groin or genitals.
 Keep in mind the following symptoms:
• Pain with urination
• Frequent / persistent urinary tract infection
• Fever

7. INTRODUCTION
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CAUSES & RISK FACTORS
 There are certain factors which increase the risk of developing kidney stones in children.
These include:
• Family history of stones:
 If someone in the family have kidney stone risk of developing a stone in the child is more.
 Children who have had a kidney stone in the past may also has a risk of developing it in
the future.
• Long periods of dehydration:
 Not drinking enough fluids will force the kidneys to make a small amount of urine which
increases the concentration of stone.

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• Ketogenic diet:
 Ketogenic diets are Diets that include a very small amount of carbohydrates.
 This could also increase the risk of developing kidney stones.
• Urinary tract abnormalities:
 Abnormalities in the kidneys, ureters, or bladder since birth can also be a reason.
• Cystic fibrosis:
 Children with cystic fibrosis are at higher risk of developing kidney stones.

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• Use of certain medications:
 Use of some medicines such as furosemide (Lasix), acetazolamide (Diamox), and allopurinol
(Aloprim, Zyloprim) increases the crystal content in the urine.
• Inherited disorders:
 Several uncommon inherited disorders could also assist in developing kidney stones.

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DIAGNOSIS
 Consult AESMC a Specialized Medical Center for the Best Pediatrician in Abudhabi.
 We examine your child and do different tests as per required and find the exact size and
location of the stone which helps in the treatment of your child.
 We have a variety of methods such as Medical History, Physical Examination, Radiology and
Renal ultrasound and locate stones.

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TREATMENT
 Depending on the size of stone and what it is made of treatment for kidney stone varies.
 Our Pediatric Clinic provides the Best Child Doctor to take care of your child.
 Some of the below treatments are generally done for treating kidney stones
• Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
 Kidney stones are crushed using a focused high-energy acoustic shock waves in this
treatment.
 This energy break the stone into fragments that can be passed and it takes only about 45
minutes.

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• Ureteral Stent
 If your child has a blockage or narrowing of the ureter then ureteral stent is in need.
 It is a soft, hollow tube that is placed temporarily in the ureter to hold it open.
 The child can move around normally but never do any strenuous activities.
• Percutaneous Nephrolithotripsy
 For removing medium to large stones from the kidney this surgical procedure is used.
 It is sometimes combined with laser treatments to break up large stones for easier removal
and with nephrostomy tube placement.

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 As prevention is better than cure, some steps can be taken before a kidney stone attack your
child.
 By drinking a lot of fluids makes the urine dilute and stones are less likely to form.
 AESMC which tops in the list of Pediatric Clinics is providing some prevention methods for
Kidney stones.
• Drink more fluids- increase the amount of urine lower the concentration of substances that
promote stone formation.
• Low sodium diet- intake of right amount of calcium and sodium can prevent kidney stones.

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Conclusion
 Kidney stones among children can be found out and treated easily in AESMC.
 The Child specialist in our Specialized Medical Center is aware of your child’s health and
provides them the best treatment available for kidney stones.
 Your child’s future is safe in the hands of our specialists and worrying about kidney stone
issues in future is out of question.
 Consult our Pediatric Clinic in Abudhabi for more information.

15. Thank You
info@aesmc.com
Adam & Eve Specialized Medical Centre
Near Royal Rose Hotel, Pink Building (501) Floor O1,
Electra Street, Abu Dhabi, UAE
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