1. Provide three examples of automatic data classifications in GIS. Briefly explain the differences between these types of classifications. 2. The data to be displayed on a map must be classified and represented using graphic symbols that conform to well-defined and accepted conventions to be able to highlight spatial patterns. TRUE OR FALSE 3. Explain the modifiable areal unit in the context of areal (polygon) classifications and its ecological implication? 4. In your own words, provide a definition for vector overlay in a GIS context. What are the two major conceptualizations of overlays in GIS? 5. What is the difference between the union and intersection vector operation? Explain what the operation does and what happens with the attribute tables. 6. Briefly explain what the dissolve operation does and what can it be used for. Explain what the operation does and what happens with the attributes in the attribute table. 7. What is buffering in the context of proximity or distance analysis? 8. Given any set of objects, which may include points, lines, or areas, a buffer operation builds a new obect or bojects by identifying all areas that are within a certain specified distance of the original object. TRUE OR FALSE 9. Describe the type of data and theoretical GIS steps to solve the following spatial problem. Create a flowchart of the cartographic model: The owner of a land parcel has applied for planning permission to rebuild. The local planning authority is interested in identifying all homeowners who live within the legally mandated distance for notification of proposed development. How would you identify all homeowners who live in the proximity of the land parcel. Global Navigation Satellite Systems 10. In your own words, define a global navigation satellite system. Name two operational GNSS and the countries that operate them. 11. The GPS consist of a system of _____ satellites (plus some spares), each orbiting the Earth on orbits at a height of______ a) 24, 20K km b) 12, 20 km c) 18, 15K km 12. How is location obtained using GPS? Briefly describe the process. 13. In your own words, explain the geometric principle GPS uses to calculate a position on the Earth? What is the name of that geometric principle? 14. What types of signals or codes does GPS uses to obtain location information? 15. How many satellites are necessary to compute location in three dimensions? 16. What are their main elements or segments of GPS? 17. What type of information is computed by GPS receivers? 18. Why do some GPS units cost significantly more than others? 19. GPS positions are calculated based primarily on distances between the receiver and the satellite. TRUE OR FALSE 20. What do we refer to as positional uncertainty? What causes GPS positions to be inaccurate? 21. Name five sources of bias in GPS measurements. 22. Briefly explain two methods for improving accuracy of GPS positions. 23. A simple GPS receiver, such as one might buy in an electronics store for $.

1. 1. Provide three examples of automatic data classifications in GIS. Briefly explain the differences
between these types of classifications.
2. The data to be displayed on a map must be classified and represented using graphic symbols
that
conform to well-defined and accepted conventions to be able to highlight spatial patterns.
TRUE OR FALSE
3. Explain the modifiable areal unit in the context of areal (polygon) classifications and its
ecological
implication?
4. In your own words, provide a definition for vector overlay in a GIS context. What are the two
major
conceptualizations of overlays in GIS?
5. What is the difference between the union and intersection vector operation? Explain what the
operation does and what happens with the attribute tables.
6. Briefly explain what the dissolve operation does and what can it be used for. Explain what the
operation does and what happens with the attributes in the attribute table.
7. What is buffering in the context of proximity or distance analysis?
8. Given any set of objects, which may include points, lines, or areas, a buffer operation builds a
new
obect or bojects by identifying all areas that are within a certain specified distance of the original
object.
TRUE OR FALSE
9. Describe the type of data and theoretical GIS steps to solve the following spatial problem.
Create a
flowchart of the cartographic model: The owner of a land parcel has applied for planning
permission to
rebuild. The local planning authority is interested in identifying all homeowners who live within the
legally mandated distance for notification of proposed development. How would you identify all
homeowners who live in the proximity of the land parcel.
Global Navigation Satellite Systems
10. In your own words, define a global navigation satellite system. Name two operational GNSS
and the
countries that operate them.
11. The GPS consist of a system of _____ satellites (plus some spares), each orbiting the Earth
on orbits
at a height of______
a) 24, 20K km
b) 12, 20 km
c) 18, 15K km
12. How is location obtained using GPS? Briefly describe the process.
13. In your own words, explain the geometric principle GPS uses to calculate a position on the
Earth?

2. What is
the name of that geometric principle?
14. What types of signals or codes does GPS uses to obtain location information?
15. How many satellites are necessary to compute location in three dimensions?
16. What are their main elements or segments of GPS?
17. What type of information is computed by GPS receivers?
18. Why do some GPS units cost significantly more than others?
19. GPS positions are calculated based primarily on distances between the receiver and the
satellite.
TRUE OR
FALSE
20. What do we refer to as positional uncertainty? What causes GPS positions to be inaccurate?
21. Name five sources of bias in GPS measurements.
22. Briefly explain two methods for improving accuracy of GPS positions.
23. A simple GPS receiver, such as one might buy in an electronics store for $100, acquire in an
iPhone
or Android, or install as an optional addition to a laptop or vehicle, has an accuracy within 10 m.
TRUE or FALSE