This document discusses recent advances in surgical technology, focusing on magnification systems used in dentistry including magnifying loupes and surgical microscopes. It provides details on different types of magnifying loupes like simple loupes, compound loupes, and prism telescopic loupes. For surgical microscopes, it describes the optics, components, and types used as well as important features for practical use in periodontics. Periodontal microsurgery is introduced as a less invasive surgical approach using magnification, microsurgical instruments, and improved ergonomics.

1. Dr. Abhishek Gaur
BDS, MDS, F.A.G.E, (Ph. D.)
Department of Periodontics
Recent Advances
in
Surgical
Technology
Recent Advances
in
Surgical
Technology
Dr. Abhishek Gaur
BDS, MDS, F.A.G.E, (Ph. D.)
Department of Periodontics

2. Microsurgery
• Defined as a refinement in surgical technique by
which visual acuity is increased using a
microscope at magnifications exceeding 10x.
• Microsurgery is also an ergonomic methodology
in which surgical manipulations are improved
through better motor coordination.

3. Magnification Systems
Magnifying Loupes
Simple Loupes
Compound Loupes
Prism Telescopic Loupes
Surgical Loupes

4. Magnifying Loupes
• Dual monocular telescopes with side-by-side
lenses.
• Image formed : Stereoscopic properties.
• Principle : Convergent optical lens
• System : Keplerian optical system

6. Simple Loupes
• Pair of Single Meniscus lenses.
• Limited Capabilities.
• Primitive magnifiers.
• Magnification can only be
increased by increasing lens
diameter.
• Disadvantage : Magnification
only 1.5x

7. Compound Loupes
• Multi-elemental lenses with intervening air
spaces to gain additional refracting surfaces.
• Advantage : Increased magnification with more
favourable working distance and depth of field.
• Disadvantages : Magnification not more than
3.5x.

10. Prism Telescopic Loupes
• Highly advanced Loupes.
• Produce better magnification, wider depths of field, longer
working distances, and larger fields of view than any other
types of Loupes.
• Prisms used : Schmidt or ‘Rooftop’ prisms; barrel of the
prism can be mounted on any eye-glass frames.
• Magnification : Above 4x

12. Surgical
Microscope
Surgical
Microscope

13. Surgical
Microscope
• Optics : Galilean Optics (permits stereoscopic vision without eye
convergence)
• Eyepieces : Binocular
• Axes : Parallel Optical axes.
• Three Types : Roof Mounted, Wall mounted & Stand Mounted.
• Lenses : Achromatic Lenses.

14. For practical use in periodontics, the
surgical microscope must have :
1.Manoeuvrability
2.Stability
3.Side Mounted Illumination

19. Periodontal Microsurgery
Periodontal microsurgery introduces the potential for a less
invasive surgical approach in periodontics.
This includes :
1.Root preparations
2.Surgery under Magnification
3.Microsurgical Instruments
4.Ergonomics (hand & Body Postures)
5.LASERS in Dentistry

20. Microsurgical
Instruments
In
periodontics