2 Your patient Kaylee has been hospitalized with COVID-19, the respiratory disease caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. While caring for her, you notice she is struggling to breathe, and she is using her chest and neck muscles. Explain which muscles she is using, and why, in terms of pressure and volume. A male patient presents with the following puimonary volumes and capacities: TV =400mL,ERV=800mL,IRV= 1,200mL. What is this patient's VC? What is the estimated RV? Are these values normal? If not, are they more consistent with an obstructive or restrictive disease pattern? Explain..

1. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) is an artificial compound used in scientific research and in the
manufacture of dyes, wood preservatives and other organic chemicals. DNP acts as an
protonophore, shuttling protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, and dissipating the
proton gradient. As a result, efficiency of energy production is significantly impaired. DNP has also
been used as a diet aid. However, dangerous side effects have led to its discontinuation.Which of
the following is most consistent with the hypothesis that aspirin acts as an uncoupling agent, imilar
to DNP? A. Electron transport ceases and oxygen is consumed. Uncoupling agents dissipate the
proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, reducing the amount of ATP produced
by oxidative phosphorylation. To compensate, electron transport and O2 consumption will both
increase. B. Electron transport continues and oxygen is consumed. Uncoupling agents dissipate
the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, reducing the amount of ATP
produced by oxidative phosphorylation. To compensate, metabolism speeds up, increasing the the
rate of electron transport as well as O2 consumption. C. Electron transport ceases and oxygen is
not consumed. Uncoupling agents dissipate the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial
membrane, reducing the amount of ATP produced by oxidative phosphorylation. They do not
interfere with the Krebs cycle or electron transport. D. Electron transport continues and oxygen is
not consumed. Oxygen consumption is tied to the electron transport chain, so one could not
continue without the other.