It is a presentation about machineries required to spin cotton yarn.

1. A Presentation on
Machineries Required for Spinning

2. Presented by
oS. M. ZAKI MUJAHID
1st Batch, Session : 2017-18
Dept. of Textile Engineering
Jashore University of Science and Technology,
Jashore, Bangladesh

3. Introduction
 The process of producing yarn or
filaments from fibers/monomers
respectively is called spinning.
 There are various type of spinning on
basis of the characteristics of yarn like
ring (carded, combed), rotor, core, air-
jet spinning etc.

4. Cont……
 Spinning mills produce yarn from
compressed bale of fibers.
 There are about 464* spinning mills in
Bangladesh.
 Rieter, Trutzscler, Saurer Schlafhorst
GmbH & CO, Lakshmi Machine Works
etc. are the most popular brand using
in spinning mills.
* Source: Bangladesh textile mills Association (BTMA) 2016 report.

5. Renowned Spinning Machineries Manufacturer

6. Process Flow of Spinning

7. Spinning Layout

8. Blow room
 It is the first stage of yarn
manufacturing.
 In this section fiber is
opened, cleaned, mixed,
micro dust removed.
 Fiber bale is the input
material of blow room and
output product is uniform
lap or fiber sheet.

9. Blow Room Lineup

10. Blow Room Machines

11. Cont…..
Automatic Bale Opener
 In this zone, basic function is to open
the fiber from the bale where fibers
are at very compressed and
disoriented state.
 The opening device has to penetrate
into the bale and pick up the tuft of
fiber during releasing from different
bales simultaneously.
 The size of fiber package is converted
from 200 kg to 10 gm/tuft in this
zone.

12. Cont…..
Pre-Cleaner
 In this zone, basic function is to
open the fiber tuft to smaller size
and to clean the tuft removing big
size of trash but smaller size of
impurities which are trapped
between fibers is not removed
here. Gentle beating action but
no picking is performed here.
 Gentle beating action but no
picking is performed here.

13. Cont…..
Multi-mixer
 In this zone, main function is to
blend the raw material of
different quality to equalize and
even the mean quality of
delivered material. Because
natural fiber generally remains
in variation in quality.
 Mixing takes place
homogeneously at the inflow
and outflow position.

14. Cont…..
Fine Cleaner
 In this zone, basic function is to open
the fiber tuft to smallest size and to
clean the tuft to the greater extent
removing even smallest size of trash
and dust which are trapped between
fibers.
 In this zone, basic function is to open
the fiber tuft to smallest size and to
clean the tuft to the greater extent
removing even smallest size of trash
and dust which are trapped between
fibers.

15. Cont…..
Hopper Feeder
 In this zone, the material is
thoroughly blended in main bin,
combed by the spikes, well opened
when passes in between evener
roller and spiked inclined lattice.
 The principle object of the Hopper
Feeder is to provide uniform feeding
of cotton on lattice across the full
width of the machine.

16. Cont…..
Scutcher
 In this zone, the fibers are
broken down and clean the
cotton tufts by a beater
 The machine convert the mass
of cotton fibers into a uniform
thick sheet of cotton both
longitudinally and transversely
and wound in the form of a
compactly built lap.

17. Cont…..
Metal & Fire Detector
 The electronic Metal Separator SP-
EM helps to protect the cleaners and
cards from metal parts at the
interface between bale work-off and
mixers/cleaners.
 in the process, the material transport
is performed by the downstream
machine, it is free of exhaust air and
requires no filter capacity.
Condencer
• Primary waste is pneumatically fed
via condensers into the mixing
opener, pre-cleaned in the pre-
cleaner, deducted in the condenser
and cleaned further in the fine
cleaner.
• The transport air is always separated
from material and fed to the pre-
filter. The yield of good fibers is fed
into the bale press.

18. Card
 Carding is called heart of spinning.
 Main function of carding is to
breaks up locks and unorganized
clumps of fiber.
 Blending, parallelizing , opening
each fiber is also done by carding.
 Fiber sheet or lap is the input
material of carding and sliver is the
output product of carding.

19. Draw Frame
 Drawing is the operation by which
slivers are blended, doubled and
leveled.
 This is the machine on which
drafting & doubling are carried
out.
 Various type of draw frame uses
for different spinning process.

20. Lap Former
 The lap former has,
furthermore, the task of forming
the interfacing or lap , which is
employed to feed the combing
machine.
 The slivers enter the drafting
section and then calendar’s
section to produce a compact
lap.

21. Comber
 Combing is the process
eliminates short fibers, which
achieves better parallelization
of fibers, it straightens curls,
and it removes neps and
residue impurities.
 To produce a higher quality
yarn a comber is used.

22. Speed Frame
 The output from the draw
frame is fed into the speed
frame where the linear density
of sliver is reduced by drafting
and the resultant product is
called the roving.
 A little amount of twist is
imparted to the roving.

23. Ring Frame
 Ring frame is the last machine
to manufacture yarn.
 It gives draft the roving until
the required fineness is
achieved.
 And give insert twist the
drafted strand to form yarn of
required count and strength.
 Ring frame consume
maximum power, cost in
spinning process.

24. Rotor Frame
 The rotor is the main spinning
element of the rotor-spinning.
 Drafting in rotor spinning is
accomplished using a comber
roll (mechanical draft) which
opens the input sliver followed
by an air stream (air draft).

25. Other Spinning Frames
 Core Spinning machine  Air-jet spinning machine

26. Winder
 Winding is the process of transferring
yarn or thread from one type of
package to another to facilitate
subsequent processing.
 Factors such as packing cases,
pressure due to winding tension,
etc., must be considered or winding.
 Normally cone winder uses in yarn
winding.

27. Yarn Conditioner
 In which process yarn is conditioned
for better performance (such as
strength, serviceability, luster,
handle etc.) is called yarn
conditioning.
 Textile fiber may loose some
properties during spinning process.
 Thermal conditioning process or
heat setting is the most using
conditioning process.

28. Wastage in Spinning Mills

29.  As a consequence of
the spinning of short-staple
fiber being carded, combed or
open-end spun, sub-products
derived from the spinning cycle
(flying fibers) are the waste of
Spinning.
 The Machine follows the
conventional carding spinning
system.
Waste Recycling

30. Safety Issue in Spinning Industries