A presentation on Eco-friendly production in textile sector

1. A PRESENTATION ON
GREEN TEXTILES
PROCESSING
BY
S. M. ZAKI MUJAHID (172219)
MD. AL-ARAFIN KAOSAD (172220)

2. CONCEPTS FOR GREEN PRODUCTION
 The GREEN PRODUCTION is a production
that results in reducing environmental
risks and ecological scarcities, and that
aims for sustainable development
without degrading the environment.
 The green production can be described
as ECO-FRIENDLY PRODUCTION.
 Green Production or Eco-friendly involves activities such as reducing and
recycling.

3. WHY SHOULD TEXTILE INDUSTRIES GO
GREEN?
 The textile industry is one of the most pollutants releasing industries of the world.
 The liquid effluents released by the textile
industry are the most disturbing area of
concern. 20 percent of all fresh water
pollution is made by textile treatment
and dyeing.
 Boilers, diesel generators produce pollutants that are released into the air. The
pollutants generated include Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), sulphur di oxide
gas, oxide of nitrogen gas, etc.
 Contamination of the air, water, and land by textile industries and its raw material
manufacturing units has become a serious threat to the environment.

4. Some Harmful Textile Chemicals and
Their Eco-friendly Substitutes
Existing Chemicals Uses Proposed substitutes
Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) Yarn size Potato starch or
carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)
Carbon tetrachloride (CTC) stain removers  Detergent stain-removers
Calcium and sodium
hypochlorite
Bleaching Hydrogen peroxide, ozone at cold
Nonyl phenyl ethylene oxide
adducts (APEO)
Detergent,
emulsifier
Fatty alcohol ethylene oxide adducts,
alkylpolyglycosides
Synthetic non-biodegradable
surfactants
Various purposes Sustainable and highly biodegradable surfactants
from dextrins
Synthetic non-biodegradable
surfactants + solvent
Coatings and
degreasing
‘solvosurfactants’ acting both solvent and surfactant,
derived from glycerol (bio diesel)
Kerosene Pigment printing Water-based thickeners
Formaldehyde Finishing, dye fixing Polycarboxylic acid, non-formaldehyde products
Silicones and amino-silicones
+ APEO emulsifier
Softener Eco-friendly softeners, wax emulsions

5. GREEN TEXTILE PROCESSING
 Green textiles are farmed, processed and manufactured with minimal impact
on the environment with regard to energy, resource, raw material usage;
greenhouse gases / Carbon dioxide emissions; toxic emissions and waste
generation.
 Using organic fabrics is not the only way the fashion industry is going "green"
and protecting the future of our natural resources.
 At least 8,000 chemicals are used to turn raw materials into textiles. So this
chemicals also converted by natural elements or enzymes.
 Both recycling fashion and organic clothing can contribute to eco sustainable
development.

6. ORGANIC CLOTHING
 To qualify as being organic, textiles should be made from natural sources,
such as plants or animals, collected or from organic manufactured.
 Number of sustainable practices has
been implemented by various textile
processing industries such as Eco-
friendly bleaching; Peroxide bleaching;
Eco-friendly dyeing and Printing;
Low impact dyes; Natural dyes;
Azo Free dyes; Phthalates Free Printing.

7. NATURAL FIBERS
 Natural fibers or natural fibers are fibers that are produced by plants,
animals, and geological processes. Further this fibers are proceed into yarn
and then apparels.
 Some natural fibers
Cotton Jute Wool Silk
Coir Flax Alpaca Sisal
Kapok Ramie Cashmere Organic
Linen*
Abaca Modal Mohair Rayon*
Hemp Angora Azlon*

8. NATURAL DYES
 Several dye chemicals could be replaced by natural resources or coloring
materials. Few example natural dyes is given below :
Color Source
Orange carrots, gold lichen, onion skins
Red-brown pomegranates, beets, bamboo, hibiscus,
bloodroot
Red-purple red sumac berries, basil leaves, day lilies,
pokeweed berries, huckleberries
Yellow bay leaves, marigolds, sunflower petals,
paprika, turmeric, celery leaves, lilac
twigs, Queen Anne’s Lace roots, mahonia
roots, barberry roots, yellowroot roots

9. COLOR SOURCES
Pink berries, cherries, red and
pink roses
Blue indigo, woad, red cabbage,
elderberries, red mulberries,
blue berries, purple grapes
Green artichokes, sorrel roots,
peppermint leaves,
snapdragons, lilacs, grass,
nettles, peach leaves
Brown dandelion roots, walnut
hulls, tea, coffee, acorns, ivy

10. OTHER TEXTILE PROCESS WHERE
NATURAL RESOURCES CAN BE USED
 Chlorine-free bleaching
 Dry-heat fixation
 Eco finishing
 Ink-jet printing
 Vegetable tanning
 Using enzymes

11. WATER RECYCLING
 Waste water recycling is the use of tertiary treated
waste water in the dye baths and/or for irrigation
purposes. This water is suitable for human contact
but is not potable. Its use reduces the strain on
potable water supplies particularly in arid climates
and is an effective way to re-use this
valuable resource.
 ETP describes the processes used for
treating wastewater that is produced by
industries as an undesirable by-product.

12. BENEFITS OF ECO-FRIENDLY GREEN
TEXTILES
 Organic clothing is skin friendly
 Good news for the environment
 Increased affordability of attires
 Creating awareness and ensuring responsibility
 Eliminates fatalities in factories
 Maintenance is easy
 Garments are of better quality
 Easy to care for

13. RESTRICTION OF GREEN/ ECO-FRIENDLY
TEXTILE
 Cost
 Availability
 Color pay-off
 Temperature
 pH
 Loss
 Specific Catalyst or Ions