Hvac presentation for engineering students

1. HVAC
Types of HVAC
systems and their
applications.

2. V
VENTILATIO
N
AC
AIR-
CONDITIONING
Heating
cycles
H
HEA
T
Exhaust,
Supply,
Balanced
Basic
cooling
cycle
HVAC

3. INDUSTRIAL
COMFORT
ENVIRONMENT
Provide required temperature and humidity; to
perform specific industrial processes successfully.
Provide suitable conditions in the space
in which humans can work, live and
sleep.
SCOPES OF
HVAC

4. BASIC
REFRIGERATIO
N CYCLE

5. BASIC COMPONENTS OF COOLING
CYCLE
FREON REFREGIRANT
COMPRESOR
Condenser coil
EXPANSION
VALVE

6. Comparison between HVAC
systems
DIRECT
EXPANSION
SYSTEM
(DX)
CHILLED
WATER
SYSTEM
Air is cooled by Freon
Low Initial Cost
High running cost
Easy
maintenance
Hard to find leaks
Cooling is done by chilled water which is
cooled by Freon
High initial cost
Low running cost
Complicated design & maintenance
Leaks are easily detected

7. HVAC
System
Dx System
Fan coil unit
Air Handling Unit
Chilled water system
Central split Mini split
Split units
Package
units
Floor ceiling
High wall
Central
package
Window
concealed
cassette
vertical
Roof top unit

8. A.The Package DX
Unit
Dx system:
There are two types
of package dx units,
such as window and
central:
They can be the best option for any
Home, additionally, they come into
different foot-prints: Small or Large;
depending on BTU/Ton and
requirements for a home.
Package units will contain all of
their parts in one outdoor unit
that sits on either the roof or to
the side of a building.
They can be a good option
for any home with the right
ductwork.

9. 1.Window Unit :
• All component in one piece
• Cooling Capacity Up To 4
TR
• Easy To Install
• Easy To Maintenance
• Don’t need ducts
Advantages Disadvantages
• But there are a noise
• needs a large hole in
the wall

11. 2.Central packaged unit
:
-Rooftop unit (most popular)
-vertical unit
The are two types
:
Rooftop Units Save Space
• High cooling capacity up to 150TR
• They are popular for commercial and factory building
• They need a ducts to distribute the air
• They come into various sizes due to the load
• There are no noise in the place
• Maintenance can be carried out without disrupting
activities
• This system may be connected to ductwork and serve a
large-size single zone that cannot be served by window
air conditioners.

12. B. Split units
:1.Mini split :
• cooling capacity higher than window type
• Used in Administrative buildings, Residential
buildings, Stores, etc.
• Allow you to control the temperatures in individual
rooms or spaces.
• outdoor compressor/condenser
• indoor air- handling unit(s) (evaporator).
Two main components :
High Wall

13. Ceiling-floor
Cassette
VRF
System

14. 2.Concealed / Central split unit
:
Quietest air conditioning choice
The indoor unit is situated above the ceiling and well away
from the users.
Air outlets are quick and easy to install
Floor standing
(free standing)

15. Chilled water system
:
Lower maintenance costs
A prepackaged system for easier design and
installation
Better performance in freezing temperature
Air-cooled chiller Water-cooled chiller
Greater energy efficiency
Larger capacities & Longer equipment life
Cost-efficient.
Non-corrosive non-toxic
Useful for the big commercial buildings
Yet, the best choice for the project may also depend on an entirely different set of decisions
criteria.
It’s important for data centers and system designers to take all factors into consideration to
make sure the chiller that ultimately gets specified balances all the objectives over the long
term

16. Water chillers are backbone of HVAC cooling
systems.Water chiller produces chilled water ( Approx 7
Degree C ~ 12 Degree C).
Water chillers Basic cycle
:
A thermodynamic process occurs in each of chillers.
Theoretical working of Vapor compression or compression
chillers

17. Air handling unit (AHU) :
1.Pre-filter
2.Bag filter
3.HEPA filter
4.Cooling coil
5.Air volume
control damper
6.Mixing box
7.Humidification
8.Fan section
Consist of
:

18. 100%
fresh air
supply
Mixed air
supply

19. FAN COIL UNIT (FCU):
Consist of:
1. Pre-filter
2. Fan section
3. Cooling coil
4. Electric heater
5. Drain pan
FCU is used to condition the local air to suit
the temperature requirements of the
immediate space, like:
· Offices
· Hotels

20. Filters
Pre filter
Bag filter
Air volume control
damper for AHU

21. HVAC applications &
selection
Residenti
al
buildings
Hotels
Office
buildings Malls
Hospitals
Oil &
Gas
industry
Teleco
m
industr
y
Frozen
food
storages
Farm
animals
Applications
Buildings Industry

22. It’s a critical environment which we should make sure
to have certain specifications designing its HVAC
system:
The design objectives
include:
And the most important is how to achieve
the
proper conditioning conditions are by:
1. Control of temperature.
2. Control of humidity.
3. Air movement and distribution.
4. Air cleaning and filtration.
• Fresh air
• Rooms positive pressure
• Providing steady and
smooth air movement
• High air quality by using a
high-performance filters
HVAC Systems for
Hospitals:

23. • Many spaces in hospitals require maintenance of a
differential pressure relative to adjacent spaces. For
example, ORs, protective isolation, supply require positive
pressure
• Whereas airborne infectious isolation, toilet, soiled,
bronchoscopy, and decontamination rooms require
negative pressure
• The purposes of the HVAC system in an
operating room (OR) are to minimize infection,
maintain staff comfort, and maintain patient
comfort.

24. Frozen food storages :
Objectives :
• Ensure that the temperature is accurately maintained
• Accurate cooling and good air movement
• Refrigeration can reduce the risk of all of these bacterial
infections. Cold temperatures inhibit the growth of
microorganisms that cause foodborne illness

25. Hotels
Running and maintenance cost
The design objectives include
Variable refrigerant flow (VRF) units Are the
commonly used in hotels
5 things to consider
1 – Hot sanitary water
2 – Low noise
3 – Building load variation
4 – Water flow variation
5 – Monitoring units’ operations
Hotels often rely on guest satisfaction to determine if they are
providing excellent service
BENEFITS OF H-VRF AS THE HVA
• Water based on the consumer side
• Suitable for modular installation without
the need to decommission the whole
system
• Even simpler operation for consumers
with one button controllers
• Smaller pipework within the consumer