determination of contents of diffrent brands of cold drinks
1. 3 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Acknowledgement
I sincerely render my thanks toward
Mr. A. KUMAR (HOD, CHEMISTRY) of his kind
co-operation and guidance throughout the
period of my project work.
We thank the Principal of the institution, Mrs.
K. Sujata for her kind support which she gave
during this year. I am grateful to their co-
operation which made me complete this
knowledge full project.
YASH MANMODE
2. 4 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Aim
Comparative Study and Qualitative
Analysis of Different Brands of Cold
Drinks Available in the Market.
3. 5 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Purpose
In recant days, soft drinks were put into varios
questiopns regarding their purity. News flash
that they contains harmfull pesticides, which
arose many intrest in knowing its contents
because I have been drink then for yesrs. I want
to confirm that whether the charges imposed are
true or not.
Another fact which inspired me to do this project
is that I am in touch with qualitative analysis
whose knowledge with other factors help me to
do this.
4. 6 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Contents
Introduction
Theory
Apparatus required
Chemical required
Detection of PH
Text of Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Test of Glucose (C6H12O2)
Test of Phosphate
Test of Alcohols
Test of Sucrose (C12H22O11)
Result
Conclusion
5. 7 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Introduction
The era of cold drinks began in 1952 but the
industrialisation in India marked its
beginning by launching Limca and
Goldspot by parley group of companies.
Since the beginning of soft drinks was
highly profitable and luring, many MNCs
launch their brands in India like Pepsi and
Coke.
Nowadays, it is observed in general that
majority of people viewed Sprite, Mirinda,
and Limca to give feeling of lightness, while
Pepsi and Thumps up to activate pule and
brain.
6. 8 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Theory
Cold drinks of different brands are Alcohols,
carbohydrates, carbon dioxide and Phosphate
ions, etc. this soft drink give feeling of warmth,
lightness and have a tangy taste which is liked by
everyone. Carbon dioxide is responsible for the
formation of froth on shaking the bottle.
The Carbon dioxide gas dissolve in water to form
carbonic acid which is also responsible for tangy
taste. Carbohydrate are the naturally occurring
organic compound and are major source of energy
to our body. General formula of Carbohydrate is
Cx(H2O)y.
7. 9 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
On the molecules size Carbohydrate are classified:
Monosaccharide, disaccharide, & polysaccharide.
Monosaccharide with formula C6H12O6. It
occurs in free state in the ripe grapes, in bones
and also in many sweet fruits. It is also present
in human blood to the extent of about 0.1%.
Sucrose is one of the most useful disaccharides in
our daily life. It is widely distributed in nature in
juices, seeds, and also in flowers of many plants.
The main source of sucrose is sugar cane juice
which contain 15 – 20% sucrose and sugar beet
which has about 10 – 17% sucrose. The
molecular formula of sucrose is C11H22O11. It is
produced by a mixture of Glucose & Fructose. It
is non-reducing in nature whereas Glucose is
reducing.
8. 10 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Cold drinks are bit acidic in nature and their
acidity can be measured by finding the pH value.
The pH value also depends upon the acidic
content such as citric acid and phosphoric acid.
9. 11 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Apparatus required
Test tube
Test tube holder
Test tube stand
Stop watch
Beaker
Burner
pH paper
Tripod stand
China dish
Wire gauge
Water bath
10. 12 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Chemical required
Iodine solution
Potassium iodide
Sodium Hydroxide
Fehling’s A and B solution
Lime water
Conc. Nitric acid
Benedict solution
Ammonium Molybdate
11. 13 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Detection of pH
Experiment
Small samples of cold drinks of different
brands were taken in test tube and put on
the pH paper. The change in colour was
noticed and was compared with the
standard pH scale.
Observation
Sr.
No.
Name of the
drinks
Colour
change
pH value
1 Coca cola Pink 2.5 - 3
2 sprite Red 3
3 Limca Pinkish 4
4 Fanta Light orange 3 - 4
12. 14 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Inference
Soft drinks are generally acidic because of
the presence of citric acid and phosphoric
acid. pH value of cold drinks of different
brands are different due to the variation of
amount of acidic content.
13. 15 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Test of carbon dioxide
Experiment
As soon as the bottles were opened, one by one, the
sample was passed through lime water. The lime
water turned milky.
Observation
Sr.
No.
Name of the
drink
Time taken
(sec)
Conclusion
1 Coca cola 26.5 CO2 present
2 Sprite 21 CO2 present
3 Limca 35 CO2 present
4 Fanta 36 CO2 present
14. 16 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Inference
All of the soft drinks contain CO2 in water.
The Carbon dioxide dissolved in water to form
carbonic acid, which is responsible for tangy taste.
Chemical reaction involved
Ca(OH)2(s)+ CO2(g) CaCO3(s) + H2O(s)
15. 17 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Test of glucose
Glucose is a reducing sugar acid. Its
presence is detected by the following test:
1. Benedict’s reagent test
Small sample of the cold drinks of
different brands taken in a test tube and a
few drops of benedict’s reagent were
added. The test tube was heated for few
seconds. Formation of reddish colour
confirmed the presence of glucose in cold
drinks.
Observation
Sr.
No.
Name of the
drinks
Observation Conclusion
1 Coca cola Reddish ppt Glucose
present
2 Sprite Reddish ppt Glucose
present
16. 18 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
3 Limca Reddish ppt Glucose
present
4 Fanta Reddish ppt Glucose
present
Inference
All the sample gave positive test for
glucose with benedict’s reagent.
Hence all drinks contain glucose.
17. 19 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
2. Fehling’s solution test
Small sample of cold drinks of different
brands are taken in a test tube and a few
drops of Fehling’s A solution and
Fehling’s B solution was added in equal
amount. The test tube was heated in a
water bath for 10 min. appearance of
brown ppt conformed the presence of
glucose in cold drinks.
Observation
Sr.
No.
Name of
the drinks
Observation Conclusion
1 Coca cola Reddish ppt Glucose
present
18. 20 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
2 Sprite Reddish ppt Glucose
present
3 Limca Reddish ppt Glucose
present
4 Fanta Reddish ppt Glucose
present
Inference
All the sample gave positive test for
glucose with Fehling’s (A & B) solution.
Hence all the cold drinks contain glucose.
19. 21 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Test for alcohol
experiment
Small sample of cold drinks of different
brands were taken in a separate test tube
and iodine followed by potassium iodide
and sodium hydroxide solution was added
to each test tube. Then the test tubes were
heated in hot water bath for 30 min.
Appearance of yellow ppt confirmed the
presence of alcohol in cold drinks.
Observation
Sr.
No.
Name of
the drinks
Observation conclusion
1 Coca cola Yellow ppt Alcohol
present
2 Sprite Yellow ppt Alcohol
present
20. 22 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
3 Limca Yellow ppt Alcohol
present
4 Fanta Yellow ppt Alcohol
present
Inference
Hence all the soft drinks contain alcohol
dissolved in in.
21. 23 | P a g e
DETERMINATION OF CONTENTS OF COLD DRINKS
Result
After conducting several tests, it was
concluded that the different brands of cold
drinks namely:
Coca cola
Sprite
Limca
Fanta
All contain glucose, alcohol, sucrose,
phosphate, and carbon dioxide. All cold
drinks are acidic in nature. On comparing
the pH value of different brands, coca cola
is the most acidic and limca is least acidic
of all the four brands taken.
