2. TYPES OF ACIDS
Acids can be classified in to following, On the basis
of
1. Source.
2. Molecular composition.
3. Strength.
4. Basicity.
5. Concentration.
3. 1. ON THE BASIS
OF SOURCE
Organic acids.
Acids found in plants and animals are called organic acids.
Example: Citric acid, Lactic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, etc.
Inorganic acids.
Acids prepared from the minerals of the earth are called mineral acids.
They are human-made and are also called laboratory acids.
Example: Sulphuric acid, Hydrochloric acid, Nitric acid, etc. Concentrated
mineral acids are hazardous.
4. 2. ON THE BASIS
OF MOLECULAR
COMPOSITION.
Hydracids
An acid that does not contain any oxygen as opposed to an oxyacid.
Examples: HCl, HBr, HI etc.
Oxoacids
Acids containing hydrogen, another element and
oxygen.
Examples: HNO3 , H2SO4.
5. 3. ON THE BASIS
OF STRENGTH
•Strong acids.
Acids which completely ionize when mixed with water.
Mostly inorganic acids are observed as strong acids.
Examples: HNO3 , H2SO4.
•Weak acids.
Acids which partially ionize in water are weak acids.
Mostly organic acids are considered as weak acids.
Examples: CH3COOH, Formic Acid, Uric acid, etc
6. 4. ON THE BASIS
OF BASICITY
•Monobasic acids
The acids which only have one hydrogen to dissociate when
mixed with water.
Examples: HCl, CH3COOH etc.
•Dibasic acid
The acids which only have two hydrogen to dissociate when
mixed with water.
Examples: C2H2O4, H2CO3, Sulphuric acid, etc.
•Tribasic acids
The acids which can donate three hydrogen from their
formula when mixed with water.
Examples: H3PO4, Citric acid (C6H8O7)
