ODBD

1. Object-based Databases

2. Introduction
Object-based databases are a good choice for applications that:
 Need to store complex data models
 Need to reduce code complexity
 Need increased flexibility
Some examples of applications that commonly use object-based databases
include:
1. Engineering applications
2. Financial applications
3. Multimedia applications
4. Content management systems

3. Object-Orientation
1. It is a kind of thinking methodology
 Everything in the world is an object;
 Any system is composed of objects (certainly a system is also an
object);
 The evolution and development of a system is caused by the
interactions among the objects inside or outside the system

4. Everything in the world is an object
1. A flower, a tree, an animal
2. A student, a professor
3. A desk, a chair, a classroom, a building
4. A university, a city, a country
5. The world, the universe
6. A customer
7. A dog, cat, lion
8. A subject such as Advanced Database, Math, History, …

5. So … What is an Object?
 A “thing” that has identity, state, and behavior
• identity: is a distinct “instance” of a class of objects
• state/attributes has a set of properties (aka fields)
 each field can have different values
• behavior: has “methods” (things that the object knows how
to do)
 we say we “call” a method on the object

6. The development of a system is caused by
the interactions
Isabela State University is developed by the interactions among:
 students
 professors
 Staffs
 officers of Cabagan
 officers of Tuguegaro
 …..
Inside ISU
Outside ISU

7. Benefits of using objects in databases
 Improved data modeling
 logical order, so it's easier to find what you need
 Reduced code complexity
 work faster, find and fix problems easily, and make the software run
smoothly.
 Increased flexibility
 change and adapt your database without too much trouble

8. Key features of object-based databases
1. Objects - Object-based databases store data in the form of objects. Objects are self-
contained entities that contain both data and behavior.
 Inheritance
Allows you to create new classes that are based on existing classes.
- Create table hierarchies
 Encapsulation
Allows you to treat objects of different types as if they were the same type.
- Used to implement different behaviors for different types of data in a
database.
 Polymorphism
The process of hiding the internal implementation of an object from the
outside world.
- Used to hide the internal implementation of database tables and columns
from the outside world
- access control lists (ACLs) and views.

9. Objects in database concepts
 Objects are the basic building blocks of object-oriented databases, and
they are used to model real-world entities such as customers, products,
and orders.
 Objects have the following properties:
 Identity: Each object has a unique identity that distinguishes it from other objects.
 State: An object's state is represented by the values of its attributes.
 Behavior: An object's behavior is defined by its methods.

10. Inheritance Concepts
 Inheritance - Parent-Child Relationship, Reuse Code, Subclass,
Superclass, Extending, Derived Class.
 This allows you to reuse code and create more complex data models.
 In layman terms, consider a family tree for code. It allows one
"class" (a blueprint for an object) to inherit the properties and
behaviors of another class.
 The act of passing down traits from parents to children. For
example, a child might inherit the eye color of one parent and
the hair color of the other parent.

11. Inheritance Concepts
 In database concepts, inheritance is a way to create new tables based on
existing tables. It allows you to reuse the schema and data of existing
tables, and to add new columns and data as needed.
 Inheritance is similar to object-oriented inheritance, but it is applied to
tables in a relational database.
 An existing table, you use the CREATE TABLE ... INHERITS
(parent_table)

12. Inheritance Concepts

13. An illustration of objects database concept
 Identity
• Name: Alador
• Microchip number: 1234567890
• DNA profile: A unique string of DNA that identifies alador as an individual dog
 State
• Breed: Labrador Retriever
• Size: Medium
• Color: Yellow
• Age: 2 years
• Weight: 50 pounds
 Behavior
• Walks, runs, jumps, barks, wags its tail
•Dogs
• PurebredDogs
• LabradorRetrievers

14. Answer the following given objects by identifying
the identity, state, and behavior:
LightBulb
Car
BankAccount